Key Terms

Facts:

The term “Almighty” literally means “all-powerful.” In the Bible, this term always refers to God.

The titles “the Almighty” or “the Almighty One” refer to God and reveal that he has complete power and authority over everything.
This term is also used to describe God in the titles “Almighty God” and “God Almighty” and “Lord Almighty” and “Lord God Almighty.”

Translation Suggestions:

This term could also be translated as “All-powerful” or “Completely Powerful One” or “God, who is completely powerful.”
Ways to translate the phrase “Lord God Almighty” could include “God, the Powerful Ruler” or “Powerful Sovereign God” or “Mighty God who is Master over everything.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: God, lord, power)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7706, G3841

Facts:

The term “Gentile” refers to anyone who is not a Jew. Gentiles are people who are not descendants of Jacob.

In the Bible, the term “uncircumcised” is also used figuratively to refer to Gentiles because many of them did not circumcise their male children as the Israelites did.
Because God chose the Jews to be his special people, they thought of the Gentiles as outsiders who could never be God’s people.
The Jews were also called “Israelites” or “Hebrews” at different times in history. They referred to anyone else as a “Gentile.”
Gentile could also be translated as “not a Jew” or “non-Jewish” or “not an Israelite” (Old Testament) or “non-Jew.”.
Traditionally, Jews would neither eat with nor associate with Gentiles, which at first caused problems within the early church.

(See also: Israel, Jacob, Jew)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1471, G1482, G1484, G1672

Definition:

The terms “Hades” (in Greek) and “Sheol” (in Hebrew) are proper names for the “underworld,” meaning an underground dwelling place where people from ancient cultures believed a dead person would go after he had died.

In the Old Testament, the Hebrew term “Sheol” can be used either as a proper name or as a common noun meaning “underground.”
In the New Testament, the Greek term “Hades” is described as a place for dead people who have rejected Jesus. The New Testament describes people as “going down” to Hades.

Translation Suggestions

The Old Testament term “Sheol” can be translated in various ways, depending on the context. Some possibilities include: “place of the dead;” “place for dead spirits;” “the pit;” or “death.”
The New Testament term “Hades” can also be translated in various ways, depending on the context. Some possibilities include: “place for unbelieving dead souls;” “place of torment for the dead;” or “place for the souls of unbelieving dead people.”
Some translations keep the proper names “Sheol” and “Hades,” spelling them to fit the sound patterns of the language of translation. (See: How to Translate Unknowns.
A phrase could also be added to each term to explain it, examples of doing this are, “Sheol, place where dead people are” and “Hades, place of death.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: death, heaven, hell, tomb)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7585, G86

Hebrew

Key Terms :: Hebrew

Facts:

The term “Hebrew” refers in a very general sense to the people group descended from Abraham through the line of Isaac and Jacob.

The specific word “Hebrew” can refer either to a individual person in the people group or to the language spoken by that people group.
The vast majority of the Old Testament was written in the language called “Hebrew.” However, in most cases in the New Testament, the specific term “Hebrew” probably refers to the Aramaic language rather than the Hebrew language.
In different places in the Bible, the Hebrews were also called “Israelites” or “Jews.” When translating, it is best to keep all three terms distinct in the text, as long as it is clear that these terms refer to the same people group.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Israel, Jew, Jewish leaders)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5680, G1444, G1445, G1446, G1447

Holy One

Key Terms :: Holy One

Definition:

The term “Holy One” is a title in the Bible that almost always refers to God.

In the Old Testament, this title often occurs in the phrase “Holy One of Israel.”
In the New Testament, Jesus is also referred to as the “Holy One.”
The term “holy one” is sometimes used in the Bible to refer to an angel.

Translation Suggestions:

The literal term is “the Holy” (with “One” being implied.) Many languages (like English) will translate this with the implied noun included (such as “One” or “God”).
This term could also be translated as “God, who is holy” or “the Set Apart One.”
The phrase “the Holy One of Israel” could be translated as “the Holy God whom Israel worships” or “the Holy One who rules Israel.”
It is best to translate this term using the same word or phrase that is used to translate “holy.”

(See also: holy, God)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2623, H376, H6918, G40, G3741

I am Yahweh

Key Terms :: I am Yahweh

Facts:

The statement “I am Yahweh” is used to mark out a command, historical event, promise, or prophecy as something that is particularly important, as something that happened by Yahweh’s power, or as something that will happen regardless of circumstances. This certainty is based on Yahweh’s character and strength as the all-powerful ruler over all things. At the same time, the statement is used to give Yahweh’s people understanding of who he is and what his name means. By reflecting on the command, historical event, promise, or prophecy so marked, the listener will understand more of who Yahweh is. Leviticus 11:44–45 makes it clear that by adhering to the holiness laws that follow, the people will become holy like Yahweh. There are four primary ways or forms in which this statement occurs:

As “I am Yahweh” or “I am Yahweh your God”
As the statement “[someone] will know that I am Yahweh” (often followed by “when [I do something]”). This is the most common use.
Followed by an example of what he is going to do or has done that validates his character and power
Followed by an attribute

These uses can be combined, such as in Leviticus 19:2, 19:36, and 20:24.

Translation Suggestions:

As much as possible, translate this statement fairly literally. This will probably not be difficult for the second and third forms above.
Ezekiel 20:5 and Hebrews 6:13 indicate that in at least some instances (Genesis 28:13, Exodus 6:2, 6:6, 6:8, etc.), “I am Yahweh” should be viewed as an oath formula. In these instances (primarily form one above) you may need to include an explanatory comment in your translation.
- If Yahweh is making a promise, you may need to make this explicit, using an example such as: “I am Yahweh who swears to you.”
- In Leviticus especially, the statement appears connected to many commands and you may need to make this explicit with a statement, such as: “I am Yahweh who commands this.” You could also use a slightly longer statement, such as: “I am Yahweh, and I bind you to this with an oath.” However, a statement this long may be tedious, so you could consider only using it the first (and possibly the last) time that “I am Yahweh” occurs in a series.
Some languages will use “the Lord” in place of Yahweh; see Yahweh for more.

(See also: Lord, Lord Yahweh, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Exodus 6:2, 6:6, 6:8, 12:12, Leviticus 18-26 throughout, Numbers 3:13
Exodus 7:17, 8:18, 14:4, 1 Kings 20:13, 20:28, Ezekiel 6:7, 6:13, 12:15, 28:22
Exodus 6:6, 20:2, Leviticus 20:24, Ezekiel (throughout) 6:7, 6:13, 12:15, 17:24, 20:5-7, Hosea 12:10, 13:4, Zechariah 10:6, Psalm 81:11, Isaiah 44:24
Exodus 15:26, 20:5, Deuteronomy 5:9, Isaiah 43:3, 43:15, Jeremiah 9:23

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0589, H3068, H3069, H3070, H3071, H3072, H3073, H3074, G0638, G3378

Lord Yahweh, Yahweh God

Key Terms :: Lord Yahweh, Yahweh God

Facts:

In the Old Testament, “Lord Yahweh” is frequently used to refer to the one true God.

The term “Lord” is a divine title and “Yahweh” is God’s personal name.
“Yahweh” is also often combined with the term “God” to form “Yahweh God.”

Translation Suggestions:

If some form of “Yahweh” is used for the translation of God’s personal name, the terms “Lord Yahweh” and “Yahweh God” can be translated literally. Also consider how the term “Lord” is translated in other contexts when referring to God.
Some languages put titles after the name and would translate this as “Yahweh Lord.” Consider what is natural in the project language: should the title “Lord” come before or after “Yahweh”?
“Yahweh God” could also be rendered as “God who is called Yahweh” or “God who is the Living One” or “I am, who is God.”
If the translation follows the tradition of rendering “Yahweh” as “Lord” or “LORD,” the term “Lord Yahweh” could be translated as “Lord God” or “God who is the Lord.” Other possible translations could be, “Master LORD” or “God the LORD.”
The term “Lord Yahweh” should not be rendered as “Lord LORD” because readers may not notice the difference in letter size that has traditionally been used to distinguish these two words and it would look very strange.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: God, lord, Lord, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H136, H430, H3068, G2316, G2962

Lord’s Supper

Key Terms :: Lord’s Supper

Definition:

The term “Lord’s Supper” was used by the apostle Paul to refer to the Passover meal that Jesus ate with his disciples on the night he was arrested by the Jewish leaders.

During this meal, Jesus broke the Passover bread into pieces and called it his body, which would soon be beaten and killed.
He called the cup of wine his blood, which would soon be spilled out as he died as a sacrifice for sin.
Jesus commanded that as often as his followers shared this meal together, they should remember his death and resurrection.
In his letter to the Corinthians, the apostle Paul also further established the Lord’s Supper as a regular practice for believers in Jesus.
Churches today often use the term “communion” to refer to the Lord’s Supper. The term “Last Supper” is also sometimes used.

Translation Suggestions:

This term could also be translated as “the Lord’s meal” or “the meal of our Lord Jesus” or “the meal in memory of the Lord Jesus.”

(See also: Passover)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1173, G2960

Most High

Key Terms :: Most High

Facts:

The term “Most High” is a title for God. It refers to his greatness or authority.

The meaning of this term is similar to the meaning of “Sovereign” or “Supreme.”
The word “high” in this title does not refer to physical height or distance. It refers to greatness.

Translation Suggestions:

This term can also be translated as “Most High God” or “Most Supreme being” or “God Most High” or “Greatest One” or “Supreme One” or “God, who is Greater than all.”
If a word like “high” is used, make sure it does not refer to being physically high or tall.

(See also: God)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5945, G5310

Nazirite, Nazirite vow

Key Terms :: Nazirite, Nazirite vow

Facts:

The term “Nazirite” refers to a person who has taken a “Nazirite vow.” Mostly men took this vow, but women could also take it.

A person who took the Nazirite vow agreed to not have any food or drink made from grapes for period that had been agreed upon for the fulfillment of the vow. During this period he was also not to get his hair cut and not go near a dead body.
When the required length of time had passed, and the vow had been fulfilled, the Nazirite would go to the priest and provide an offering. This would include the cutting and burning of his hair. All other restrictions would also be removed.
Samson is a well-known man in the Old Testament who was under the Nazirite vow.
The angel announcing John the Baptist’s birth told Zechariah that his son would not drink strong drink, which may indicate that John was under the Nazirite vow.
According to a passage in the book of Acts the apostle Paul may also have at one time taken this vow, according to one passage in the book of Acts.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5139

Pentecost, Festival of Weeks

Key Terms :: Pentecost, Festival of Weeks

Facts:

The “Festival of Weeks” was a Jewish festival that took place fifty days after Passover. It was later referred to as “Pentecost.”

The Feast of Weeks was seven weeks (fifty days) after the Feast of Firstfruits. In the New Testament times, this festival was called “Pentecost” which has “fifty” as part of its meaning.
The Festival of Weeks was held to celebrate the beginning of the grain harvest. It was also a time to remember when God first gave the Law to the Israelites on the tablets of stone given to Moses.
In the New Testament, the Day of Pentecost is especially significant because it was when the believers of Jesus received the Holy Spirit in a new way.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: festival, firstfruits, harvest, Holy Spirit, raise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2282, H7620, G4005

Pharisee

Key Terms :: Pharisee

Facts:

The Pharisees were an important, powerful group of Jewish religious leaders in Jesus’ time.

Many of them were middle class businessmen and some of them were also priests.
Of all the Jewish leaders, the Pharisees were the most strict in obeying the Laws of Moses and other Jewish laws and traditions.
They were very concerned about keeping the Jewish people separated from the influence of the Gentiles around them. The name “Pharisee” comes from the word to “separate.”
The Pharisees believed in life after death; they also believed in the existence of angels and other spiritual beings.
The Pharisees and Sadducees actively opposed Jesus and the early Christians.

(See also: council, Jewish leaders, law, Sadducee)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5330

Rabbi

Key Terms :: Rabbi

Definition:

The term “Rabbi” literally means “my master” or “my teacher.”

It was a title of respect that was used to address a man who was a Jewish religious teacher, especially a teacher of God’s laws.
Both John the Baptist and Jesus were sometimes called “Rabbi” by their disciples.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate this term could include “My Master” or “My Teacher” or “Honorable Teacher” or “Religious Teacher.” Some languages may capitalize a greeting like this, while others may not.
The project language may also have a special way that teachers are normally addressed.
Make sure the translation of this term does not indicate that Jesus was a schoolteacher.
Also consider how “Rabbi” is translated in a Bible translation in a related language or a national language.

(See: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: teacher)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4461

Sadducee

Key Terms :: Sadducee

Definition:

The Sadducees were a political group of Jewish priests during the time of Jesus Christ. They supported Roman rule and did not believe in the resurrection.

Many Sadducees were wealthy, upper-class Jews who held powerful leadership positions such as chief priest and high priest.
The duties of the Sadducees included taking care of the temple complex and priestly tasks such as offering sacrifices.
The Sadducees and the Pharisees strongly influenced the Roman leaders to crucify Jesus.
Jesus spoke against these two religious groups because of their selfishness and hypocrisy.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4523

Savior, savior

Key Terms :: Savior, savior

Facts:

The term “savior” refers to a person who saves or rescues others from danger. It can also refer to someone who gives strength to others or provides for them.

In the Old Testament, God is referred to as Israel’s Savior because he often rescued them from their enemies, gave them strength, and provided them with what they needed to live.
In the Old Testament, God appointed judges to protect the Israelites by leading them in battle against other people groups who came to attack them. These judges are sometimes called “saviors.” The Old Testament book of Judges records the time in history when these judges were governing Israel.
In the New Testament, “Savior” is used as a description or title for Jesus Christ because he saves people from being eternally punished for their sin. He also saves them from being controlled by their sin.

Translation Suggestions:

If possible, “Savior” should be translated with a word that is related to the words “save” and “salvation.”
Ways to translate this term could include “the One who saves” or “God, who saves” or “who delivers from danger” or “who rescues from enemies” or “Jesus, the one who rescues (people) from sin.”

(See also: deliver, Jesus, save, save)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3467, G4990

Son of Man, son of man

Key Terms :: Son of Man, son of man

Definition:

The title “Son of Man” was used by Jesus to refer to himself. He often used this term instead of saying “I” or “me.”

In the Bible, “son of man” could be a way of referring to or addressing a man. It could also mean “human being.”
Throughout the Old Testament book of Ezekiel, God frequently addressed Ezekiel as “son of man.” For example he said, “You, son of man, must prophesy.”
The prophet Daniel saw a vision of a “son of man” coming with the clouds, which is a reference to the coming Messiah.
Jesus also said that the Son of Man will be coming back someday on the clouds.
These references to the Son of Man coming on the clouds reveal that Jesus the Messiah is God.

Translation Suggestions:

When Jesus uses the term “Son of Man” it could be translated as “the One who became a human being” or “the Man from heaven.”
Some translators occasionally include “I” or “me” with this title (as in “I, the Son of Man”) to make it clear that Jesus was talking about himself.
Check to make sure that the translation of this term does not give a wrong meaning (such as referring to an illegitimate son or giving the wrong impression that Jesus was only a human being).
When used to refer to a person, “son of man” could also be translated as “you, a human being” or “you, man” or “human being” or “man.”

(See also: heaven, son, Son of God, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H120, H606, H1121, H1247, G444, G5207

Yahweh of hosts, God of hosts, host of heaven, host of the heavens, Lord of hosts

Key Terms :: Yahweh of hosts, God of hosts, host of heaven, host of the heavens, Lord of hosts

Definition:

The terms “Yahweh of hosts” and “God of hosts” are titles that express God’s authority over the thousands of angels who obey him.

The term “host” or “hosts” is a word that refers to a large number of something, such as an army of people or the massive number of stars. It can also refer to all the many spirit beings, including evil spirits. The context makes it clear what is being referred to.
Phrases similar to “host of the heavens” refer to all the stars, planets and other heavenly bodies.
In the New Testament, the phrase, “Lord of hosts” means the same as “Yahweh of hosts” but it cannot be translated that way since the Hebrew word “Yahweh” is not used in the New Testament.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate “Yahweh of hosts” could include, “Yahweh, who rules all the angels” or “Yahweh, the ruler over armies of angels” or “Yahweh, the ruler of all creation.”
The phrase “of hosts” in the terms “God of hosts” and “Lord of hosts” would be translated the same way as in the phrase “Yahweh of hosts” above.
Certain churches do not accept the literal term “Yahweh” and prefer to use the capitalized word, “LORD” instead, following the tradition of many Bible versions. For these churches, a translation of the term “LORD of hosts” would be used in the Old Testament for “Yahweh of hosts.”

(See also: angel, authority, God, lord, Lord, Lord Yahweh Yahweh)

Bible References:

Zechariah 13:2

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0430, H3068, H6635, G2962, G4519

Zion, Mount Zion

Key Terms :: Zion, Mount Zion

Definition:

Originally, the term “Zion” or “Mount Zion” referred to a stronghold or fortress that King David captured from the Jebusites. Both these terms became other ways of referring to Jerusalem.

Mount Zion and Mount Moriah were two of the hills that the city of Jerusalem was located on. Later, “Zion” and “Mount Zion” became used as general terms to refer to both of these mountains and to the city of Jerusalem. Sometimes they also referred to the temple that was located in Jerusalem. (See: metonymy
David named Zion, or Jerusalem, the “City of David.” This is different from David’s hometown, Bethlehem, which was also called the City of David.
The term “Zion” is used in other figurative ways, to refer to Israel or to God’s spiritual kingdom or to the new, heavenly Jerusalem that God will create.

(See also: Abraham, David, Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Jebusites)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6726

adoption, adopt, adopted

Key Terms :: adoption, adopt, adopted

Definition:

The terms “adopt” and “adoption” refer to the process of someone legally becoming the child of people who are not his biological parents.

The Bible uses “adoption” and “adopt” in a figurative way to describe how God causes people to be part of his family, making them his spiritual sons and daughters.
As adopted children, God makes believers to be co-heirs with Jesus Christ, giving them all of the privileges of sons and daughters of God.

Translation Suggestions:

This term could be translated with a term that the language of translation uses to describe this special parent-child relationship. Make sure it is understood that this has a figurative or spiritual meaning.
The phrase “experience adoption as sons” could be translated as “be adopted by God as his children” or “become God’s (spiritual) children.”
To “wait for the adoption of sons” could be translated as “look forward to becoming God’s children” or “wait expectantly for God to receive as children.”
The phrase “adopt them” could be translated as “receive them as his own children” or “make them his own (spiritual) children.”

(See also: heir, inherit, spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5206

amen, truly

Key Terms :: amen, truly

Definition:

The term “amen” is a word used to emphasize or call attention to what a person has said. It is often used at the end of a prayer. Sometimes it is translated as “truly.”

When used at the end of a prayer, “amen” communicates agreement with the prayer or expresses a desire that the prayer be fulfilled.
In his teaching, Jesus used “amen” to emphasize the truth of what he said. He often followed that by “and I say to you” to introduce another teaching that related to the previous teaching.
When Jesus uses “amen” this way, some English versions (and the ULT) translate this as “verily” or “truly.”
Another word meaning “truly” is sometimes translated as “surely” or “certainly” and is also used to emphasize what the speaker is saying.

Translation Suggestions:

Consider whether the target language has a special word or phrase that is used to emphasize something that has been said.
When used at the end of a prayer or to confirm something, “amen” could be translated as “let it be so” or “may this happen” or “that is true.”
When Jesus says, “truly I tell you,” this could also be translated as “Yes, I tell you sincerely” or “That is true, and I also tell you.”
The phrase “truly, truly I tell you” could be translated as “I tell you this very sincerely” or “I tell you this very earnestly” or “what I am telling you is true.”

(See also: fulfill, true)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H543, G281

anoint, anointed, anointing

Key Terms :: anoint, anointed, anointing

Definition:

The term “anoint” means to rub or pour oil on a person or object. Sometimes the oil was mixed with spices, giving it a sweet, perfumed smell. In biblical times, there were several reasons for anointing someone with oil.

In the Old Testament, priests, kings, and prophets were anointed with oil to set them apart for special service to God.
Objects such as altars or the tabernacle were also anointed with oil to show that they were to be used to worship and glorify God.
In the New Testament, sick people were anointed with oil for their healing.
The New Testament records two times that Jesus was anointed with perfumed oil by a woman, as an act of worship. One time Jesus commented that in doing this she was preparing him for his future burial.
After Jesus died, his friends prepared his body for burial by anointing it with oils and spices.
The titles “Messiah” (Hebrew) and “Christ” (Greek) mean “the Anointed (One).”
Jesus the Messiah is the one who was chosen and anointed as a Prophet, High Priest, and King.
In biblical times, a woman might anoint herself with perfume to make herself more sexually attractive.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, the term “anoint” could be translated as “pour oil on” or “put oil on” or “consecrate by pouring perfumed oil on.”
To “be anointed” could be translated as “be consecrated with oil.” or “be appointed” or “be consecrated.”
In some contexts the term “anoint” could be translated as “appoint.”
A phrase like “the anointed priest,” could be translated as “the priest who was consecrated with oil” or “the priest who was set apart by the pouring on of oil.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H47, H430, H1101, H1878, H3323, H4397, H4398, H4473, H4886, H4888, H4899, H5480, H8136, G32, G218, G743, G1472, G2025, G3462, G5545, G5548

antichrist

Key Terms :: antichrist

Definition:

The term “antichrist” refers to a person or teaching that is against Jesus Christ and his work. There are many antichrists in the world.

The apostle John wrote that a person is the antichrist if he deceives people by saying that Jesus is not the Messiah or if he denies that Jesus is both God and human.
The Bible also teaches that there is a general spirit of antichrist in the world which opposes Jesus’ work.
The New Testament book of Revelation explains that there will be a man called “the antichrist” who will be revealed in the end times. This man will attempt to destroy God’s people, but he will be defeated by Jesus.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate this term could include a word or phrase that means “Christ-opposer” or “enemy of Christ” or “person who is against Christ.”
The phrase “spirit of the antichrist” could also be translated as “spirit that is against Christ” or “(someone) teaching lies about Christ” or “attitude of believing lies about Christ” or “spirit that teaches lies about Christ.”
Also consider how this term is translated in a Bible translation in a local or national language. (See: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: Christ, reveal, tribulation)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G500

appoint, appointed

Key Terms :: appoint, appointed

Definition:

The terms “appoint” and “appointed” refer to choosing someone to fulfill a specific task or role.

To “be appointed” can also refer to being “chosen” to receive something, as in “appointed to eternal life.” That people were “appointed to eternal life” means they were chosen to receive eternal life.
The phrase “appointed time” refers to God’s “chosen time” or “planned time” for something to happen.
The word “appoint” may also mean to “command” or “assign” someone to do something.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, ways to translate “appoint” could include “choose” or “assign” or “formally choose” or “designate.”
The term “appointed” could be translated as “assigned” or “planned” or “specifically chose.”
The phrase “be appointed” could also be translated as “be chosen.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H561, H977, H2163, H2296, H2706, H2708, H2710, H3198, H3245, H3259, H3677, H3983, H4150, H4151, H4152, H4483, H4487, H4662, H5324, H5344, H5414, H5567, H5975, H6310, H6485, H6565, H6635, H6680, H6923, H6942, H6966, H7760, H7896, G322, G606, G1299, G1303, G1935, G2525, G2749, G4287, G4296, G4384, G4929, G5021, G5087

ark

Key Terms :: ark

Definition:

The term “ark” literally refers to a rectangular wooden box that is made to hold or protect something. An ark can be large or small, depending on what it is being used for.

In the English Bible, the word “ark” is first used to refer to the very large, rectangular, wooden boat that Noah built to escape the worldwide flood. The ark had a flat bottom, a roof, and walls.
Ways to translate this term could include “very large boat” or “barge” or “cargo ship” or “large, box-shaped boat.”
The Hebrew word that is used to refer to this huge boat is the same word used for the basket or box that held baby Moses when his mother put him in the Nile River to hide him. In that case it is usually translated as “basket.”
In the phrase “ark of the covenant,” a different Hebrew word is used for “ark.” This could be translated as “box” or “chest” or “container.”
When choosing a term to translate “ark,” it is important in each context to consider what size it is and what it is being used for.

(See also: ark of the covenant, basket)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H727, H8392, G2787

ark of the covenant, ark of Yahweh

Key Terms :: ark of the covenant, ark of Yahweh

Definition:

These terms refer to a special wooden chest, overlaid with gold, that contained the two stone tablets on which the Ten Commandments were written. It also contained Aaron’s staff and a jar of manna.

The term “ark” here could be translated as “box” or “chest” or “container.”
The objects in this chest reminded the Israelites of God’s covenant with them.
The ark of the covenant was located in the “most holy place.”
God’s presence was above the ark of the covenant in the most holy place of the tabernacle, where he spoke to Moses on behalf of the Israelites.
During the time that the ark of the covenant was in the most holy place of the temple, the high priest was the only one who could approach the ark, once a year on the Day of Atonement.
Many English versions translate the term “covenant decrees” literally as “testimony.” This refers to the fact that the Ten Commandments were a testimony or witness to God’s covenant with his people. It is also translated as “covenant law.”

(See also: ark, covenant, atonement, holy place, testimony)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H727, H1285, H3068

atonement lid

Key Terms :: atonement lid

Definition:

The “atonement lid” was a slab of gold that was used to cover the top of the ark of the covenant. In many English translations, it is also referred to as an “atonement cover.”

The atonement lid was about 115 centimeters in length and 70 centimeters in width.
Above the atonement lid were two gold cherubim with their wings touching.
Yahweh said that he would meet with the Israelites above the atonement lid, under the outstretched wings of the cherubim. Only the high priest was permitted to meet with Yahweh in this way, as the representative of the people.
Sometimes this atonement lid has been referred to as a “mercy seat” because it communicates God’s mercy in coming down to redeem sinful human beings.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate this term could include “ark covering where God promises to redeem” or “place where God atones” or “lid of ark where God forgives and restores.”
Can also mean “place of propitiation.”
Compare this term with how you translated “atonement,” “propitiation,” and “redemption.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3727, G2435

atonement, atone, atoned

Key Terms :: atonement, atone, atoned

Definition:

The terms “atone” and “atonement” refer to how God provided a sacrifice to pay for people’s sins and to appease his wrath for sin.

In Old Testament times, God allowed temporary atonement to be made for the sins of the Israelites by the offering of a blood sacrifice, which involved killing an animal.
As recorded in the New Testament, Christ’s death on the cross is the only true and permanent atonement for sin.
When Jesus died, he took the punishment that people deserve because of their sin. He paid the atonement price with his sacrificial death.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “atone” could be translated by a word or phrase that means “pay for” or “provide payment for” or “cause someone’s sins to be forgiven” or “make amends for a crime.”
Ways to translate “atonement” could include “payment” or “sacrifice to pay for sin” or “providing the means of forgiveness.”
Make sure the translation of this term does not refer to payment of money.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3722, H3725, G2643

authority

Key Terms :: authority

Definition:

The term “authority” usually refers to a position of influence, responsibility, or rule over another person.

Kings and other governing rulers have authority over the people they are ruling.
The word “authorities” can refer to people, governments, or organizations that have authority over others.
The word “authorities” can also refer to spirit beings who have power over people who have not submitted themselves to God’s authority.
Masters have authority over their servants or slaves. Parents have authority over their children.
Governments have the authority or right to make laws that govern their citizens.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “authority” can also be translated as “control” or “right” or “qualifications.”
Sometimes “authority” is used with the meaning of “power.”
When “authorities” is used to refer to people or organizations who rule people, it could also be translated as “leaders” or “rulers” or “powers.”
The phrase “by his own authority” could also be translated as “with his own right to lead” or “based on his own qualifications.”
The expression, “under authority” could be translated as “responsible to obey” or “having to obey others’ commands.”

(See also: king, ruler, power)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8633, G831, G1413, G1849, G1850, G2003, G2715, G5247

beloved

Key Terms :: beloved

Definition:

The term “beloved” is an expression of affection that describes someone who is loved and dear to someone else.

The term “beloved” literally means “loved (one)” or “(who is) loved.”
God refers to Jesus as his “beloved Son.”
In their letters to Christian churches, the apostles frequently address their fellow believers as “beloved.”

Translation Suggestions:

This term could also be translated as “loved” or “loved one” or “well-loved,” or “very dear.”
In the context of talking about a close friend, this could be translated as “my dear friend” or “my close friend.” In English it is natural to say “my dear friend, Paul” or “Paul, who is my dear friend.” Other languages may find it more natural to order this in a different way.
Note that the word “beloved” comes from the word for God’s love, which is unconditional, unselfish, and sacrificial.

(See also: love)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H157, H1730, H2532, H3033, H3039, H4261, G25, G27, G5207

bind, bond, bound

Key Terms :: bind, bond, bound

Definition:

The term “bind” means to tie something or fasten it securely. Something that is tied or joined together is called a “bond.” The term “bound” is the past tense of this term.

To be “bound” means to have something tied or wrapped around something else.
In a figurative sense, a person can be “bound” to a vow, which means he is “required to fulfill” what he promised to do.
The term “bonds” refers to anything that binds, confines, or imprisons someone. It usually refers to physical chains, fetters or ropes that keep a person from being free to move.
In Bible times, bonds such as ropes or chains were used to attach prisoners to the wall or floor of a stone prison.
The term “bind” can also be used to talk about wrapping cloth around a wound to help it heal.
A dead person would be “bound” with cloth in preparation for burial.
The term “bond” is used figuratively to refer to something, such as sin, that controls or enslaves someone.
A bond can also be a close relationship between people in which they support each other emotionally, spiritually and physically. This applies to the bond of marriage.
For example, a husband and wife are “bound” or tied to each other. It is a bond that God does not want broken.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “bind” could also be translated as “tie” or “tie up” or “wrap (around).”
Figuratively, it could be translated as to “restrain” or to “prevent” or to “keep from (something).”
A special use of “bind” in Matthew 16 and 18 means “forbid” or “not permit.”
The term “bonds” could be translated as “chains” or “ropes” or “shackles.”
Figuratively the term “bond” could be translated as “knot” or “connection” or “close relationship.”
The phrase “bond of peace” means “being in harmony, which brings people in closer relationship to each other” or “the tying together that peace brings.”
To “bind up” could be translated as “wrap around” or “put a bandage on.”
To “bind” oneself with a vow could be translated as “promise to fulfill a vow” or “commit to fulfill a vow.”
Depending on the context, the term “bound” could also be translated as “tied” or “tied up” or “chained” or “obligated (to fulfill)” or “required to do.”

(See also: fulfill, peace, prison, servant, vow)

Bible References:

Leviticus 8:7

Word Data:

Strong’s: H247, H481, H519, H615, H631, H632, H640, H1366, H1367, H1379, H2280, H2706, H3256, H3533, H3729, H4147, H4148, H4205, H4562, H5650, H5656, H5659, H6029, H6123, H6616, H6696, H6872, H6887, H7194, H7405, H7573, H7576, H8198, H8244, H8379, G254, G331, G332, G1195, G1196, G1198, G1199, G1210, G1397, G1398, G1401, G1402, G2611, G2615, G3734, G3784, G3814, G4019, G4029, G4385, G4886, G4887, G5265

birthright

Key Terms :: birthright

Definition:

The term “birthright” in the Bible refers to the honor, family name, and physical wealth that was normally given to the firstborn son in a family.

The birthright of the firstborn son included a double portion of the father’s inheritance.
A king’s firstborn son was normally given the birthright to rule after his father died.
Esau sold his birthright to his younger brother Jacob. Because of this, Jacob inherited the blessing of the firstborn instead of Esau.
The birthright also included the honor of having the family descendants traced through the firstborn son’s line.

Translation Suggestions:

Possible ways to translate “birthright” could include, “rights and wealth of the firstborn son” or “family honor” or “privilege and inheritance of the firstborn.”

(See also: firstborn, inherit, descendant)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1062, G4415

blameless

Key Terms :: blameless

Definition:

The term “blameless” literally means “without blame.” It is used to refer to a person who obeys God wholeheartedly, but it does not mean that the person is sinless.

Abraham and Noah were considered blameless before God.
A person who has a reputation for being “blameless” behaves in a way that honors God.
According to one verse, a person who is blameless is “one who fears God and turns away from evil.”

Translation Suggestions:

This could also be translated as “with no fault to his character” or “completely obedient to God” or “avoiding sin” or “keeping away from evil.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5352, H5355, H8535, G273, G274, G298, G299, G338, G410, G423

blasphemy, blaspheme, blasphemous

Key Terms :: blasphemy, blaspheme, blasphemous

Definition:

In the Bible, the term “blasphemy” refers to speaking in a way that shows a deep disrespect for God or people. To “blaspheme” someone is to speak against that person so that others think something false or bad about him.

Most often, to blaspheme God means to slander or insult him by saying things that are not true about him or by behaving in an immoral way that dishonors him.
It is blasphemy for a human being to claim to be God or to claim that there is a God other than the one true God.
Some English versions translate this term as “slander” when it refers to blaspheming people.

Translation Suggestions:

To “blaspheme” can be translated as to “say evil things against” or to “dishonor God” or to “slander.”
Ways to translate “blasphemy” could include “speaking wrongly about others” or “slander” or “spreading false rumors.”

(See also: dishonor, slander)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1288, H1442, H2778, H5006, H5007, H5344, G987, G988, G989

boast, boastful

Key Terms :: boast, boastful

Definition:

The term “boast” means to talk proudly about something or someone. Often it means to brag about oneself.

Someone who is “boastful” talks about himself in a proud way.
God rebuked the Israelites for “boasting in” their idols. They arrogantly worshiped false gods instead of the true God.
The Bible also talks about people boasting in such things as their wealth, their strength, their fruitful fields, and their laws. This means that they were proud about these things and did not acknowledge that God is the one who provided these things.
God urged the Israelites to instead “boast” or be proud about the fact that they know him.
The apostle Paul also talks about boasting in the Lord, which means being glad and thankful to God for all he has done for them.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate “boast” could include “brag” or “talk proudly” or “be proud.”
The term “boastful” could be translated by a word or phrase that means “full of prideful talk” or “prideful” or “talking proudly about oneself.”
In the context of boasting in or about knowing God, this could be translated as “take pride in” or “exalt in” or “be very glad about” or “give thanks to God about.”
Some languages have two words for “pride”: one that is negative, with the meaning of being arrogant, and the other that is positive, with the meaning of taking pride in one’s work, family, or country.

Translation Suggestions:

(See also: proud)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1984, H3235, H6286, G212, G213, G1740, G2620, G2744, G2745, G2746, G3166

body

Key Terms :: body

Definition:

The term “body” refers to the physical body of a person or animal. This term is also used figuratively to refer to an object or to a group consisting of individual members.

Often the term “body” refers to a dead person or animal. Sometimes this is referred to as a “dead body” or a “corpse.”
When Jesus said to the disciples at his last Passover meal, “This (bread) is my body,” he was referring to his physical body that would be “broken” (killed) to pay for their sins.
In the Bible, Christians as a group are referred to as the “body of Christ.”
Just as a physical body has many parts, the “body of Christ” has many individual members.
Each individual believer has a special function in the body of Christ to help the whole group work together to serve God and bring him glory.
Jesus is also referred to as the “head” (leader) of the “body” of his believers. Just as a person’s head tells his body what to do, so Jesus is the one who guides and directs Christians as members of his “body.”

Translation Suggestions:

The best way to translate this term would be with the word that is most commonly used to refer to a physical body in the project language. Make sure that the word used is not an offensive term.
When referring collectively to believers, for some languages it may be more natural and accurate to say “spiritual body of Christ.”
When Jesus says, “This is my body,” it is best to translate this literally, with a note to explain it if needed.
Some languages may have a separate word when referring to a dead body, such as “corpse” for a person or “carcass” for an animal. Make sure the word used to translate this makes sense in the context and is acceptable.

(See also: head, hand; face; loins; righthand; tongue)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H990, H1320, H1460, H1465, H1472, H1480, H1655, H3409, H4191, H5038, H5085, H5315, H6106, H6297, H7607, G4430, G4954, G4983, G5559

born again, born of God, new birth

Key Terms :: born again, born of God, new birth

Definition:

The term “born again” was first used by Jesus to describe what it means for God to change a person from being dead spiritually to being alive spiritually. The terms “born of God” and “born of the Spirit” also refer to a person being given new spiritual life.

All humans are born spiritually dead and are given a “new birth” when they accept Jesus Christ as their Savior.
At the moment of the spiritual new birth, God’s Holy Spirit begins to live in the new believer and empowers him to produce good spiritual fruit in his life.
It is God’s work to cause a person to be born again and become his child.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate “born again” could include “born anew” or “born spiritually.”
It is best to translate this term literally and use the normal word in the language that would be used for being born.
The term “new birth” might be translated as “spiritual birth.”
The phrase “born of God” could be translated as “caused by God to have new life like a newborn baby” or “given new life by God.”
In the same way, “born of the Spirit” could be translated as “given new life by the Holy Spirit” or “empowered by the Holy Spirit to become God’s child” or “caused by the Spirit to have new life like a newborn baby.”

(See also: Holy Spirit, save)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G313, G509, G1080, G3824

brother

Key Terms :: brother

Definition:

The term “brother” refers to a male sibling who shares at least one biological parent.

In the Old Testament, the term “brothers” is also used as a general reference to relatives or associates, such as members of the same tribe, clan, occupation, or people group. When used in this way, the term can refer to both men and women.
In the New Testament, the apostles often use the term “brothers” to refer to fellow Christians, including both men and women.
A few times in the New Testament, the apostles used the term “sister” when referring specifically to a fellow Christian who was a woman, or to emphasize that both men and women are being included. For example, James emphasizes that he is talking about all believers when he refers to “a brother or sister who is in need of food or clothing.”

Translation Suggestions:

It is best to translate this term with the literal word that is used in the target language to refer to a natural or biological brother, unless this would give wrong meaning.
In the Old Testament especially, when “brothers” is used very generally to refer to members of the same family, clan, or people group, possible translations could include “relatives” or “clan members” or “fellow Israelites.”
In the context of referring to a fellow believer in Christ, this term could be translated as “brother in Christ” or “spiritual brother.”
If both males and females are being referred to and “brother” would give a wrong meaning, then a more general kinship term could be used that would include both males and females.
Other ways to translate this term so that it refers to both male and female believers could be “fellow believers” or “Christian brothers and sisters.”
Make sure to check the context to determine whether only men are being referred to, or whether both men and women are included.

(See also: apostle, God the Father, sister, spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0251, H0252, H0264, H1730, H2992, H2993, H2994, H7453, G0080, G0081, G2385, G2455, G2500, G4613, G5360, G5569

call, call out

Key Terms :: call, call out

Definition:

The terms “call” and “call out” usually mean to speak loudly, but the term “call” can also mean to name or summon a person. There are also some other meanings.

To “call out” to someone means to shout, to announce, or to proclaim. It can also mean to ask someone for help, especially God.
Often in the Bible, “call” has a meaning of “summon” or “command to come” or “request to come.”
God calls people to come to him and be his people. This is their “calling.”
When God “calls” people, it means that God has appointed or chosen people to be his children, to be his servants and proclaimers of his message of salvation through Jesus.
This term is also used in the context of naming someone. For example, “His name is called John,” means “He is named John” or “His name is John.”
To be “called by the name of” means that someone is given the name of someone else. God says that he has called his people by his name.
A different expression, “I have called you by name” means that God has specifically chosen that person.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “call” could be translated by a word that means “summon,” which includes the idea of being intentional or purposeful in calling.
The expression “call out to you” could be translated as “ask you for help” or “pray to you urgently.”
When the Bible says that God has “called” us to be his servants, this could be translated as “specially chose us” or “appointed us” to be his servants.
“You must call his name” can also be translated as “you must name him.”
“His name is called” could also be translated as “his name is” or “he is named.”
To “call out” could be translated as “say loudly” or “shout” or “say with a loud voice.” Make sure the translation of this does not sound like the person is angry.
The expression “your calling” could be translated as “your purpose” or “God’s purpose for you” or “God’s special work for you.”
To “call on the name of the Lord” could be translated as “seek the Lord and depend on him” or “trust in the Lord and obey him.”
To “call for” something could be translated by “demand” or “ask for” or “command.”
The expression “you are called by my name” could be translated as “I have given you my name, showing that you belong to me.”
When God says, “I have called you by name,” this could be translated as “I know you and have chosen you.”

(See also: pray, cry)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H559, H2199, H4744, H6817, H7121, H7123, H7769, H7773, G154, G363, G1458, G1528, G1941, G1951, G2028, G2046, G2564, G2821, G2822, G2840, G2919, G3004, G3106, G3333, G3343, G3603, G3686, G3687, G4316, G4341, G4377, G4779, G4867, G5455, G5537, G5581

centurion

Key Terms :: centurion

Definition:

A centurion was a Roman army officer who had a group of 100 soldiers under his command.

This could also be translated with a term that means “leader of a hundred men” or “army leader” or “officer in charge of a hundred.”
One Roman centurion came to Jesus to request healing for his servant.
The centurion in charge of Jesus’ crucifixion was amazed when he witnessed how Jesus died.
God sent a centurion to Peter so that Peter could explain to him the good news about Jesus.

(See also: Rome)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1543, G2760

children, child, offspring

Key Terms :: children, child, offspring

Definition:

The term “child” (plural “children”) refers to the offspring of a man and woman. The term is often used more generally to refer to anyone who is young in age and is not yet a fully grown adult. The term “offspring” is a general reference to the biological descendants of people or animals.

In the Bible, disciples or followers are sometimes called “children.”
Often the term “children” is used to refer to a person’s descendants.
Often in the Bible, “offspring” has the same meaning as “children” or “descendants.”
The term “seed” is sometimes used figuratively to refer to offspring.
The phrase “children of” can refer to being characterized by something. Some examples of this would be:
- children of the light
- children of obedience
- children of the devil
This term can also refer to the Church. For example, sometimes the New Testament refers to people who believe in Jesus as “children of God.”

Translation Suggestions:

The term “children” could be translated as “descendants” when it is referring to a person’s great-grandchildren or great-great-grandchildren, etc.
Depending on the context, “children of” could be translated as “people who have the characteristics of” or “people who behave like.”
If possible, the phrase, “children of God” should be translated literally since an important biblical theme is that God is our heavenly Father. A possible translation alternate would be, “people who belong to God” or “God’s spiritual children.”
When Jesus calls his disciples “children,” this could also be translated as “dear friends” or “my beloved disciples.”
When Paul and John refer to believers in Jesus as “children,” this could also be translated as “dear fellow believers.”
The phrase, “children of the promise” could be translated as “people who have received what God promised them.”

(See also: descendant, seed, promise, son, spirit, believe, beloved)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1069, H1121, H1123, H1129, H1323, H1397, H1580, H2029, H2030, H2056, H2138, H2145, H2233, H2945, H3173, H3205, H3206, H3208, H3211, H3243, H3490, H4392, H5209, H5271, H5288, H5290, H5759, H5764, H5768, H5953, H6185, H6363, H6529, H6631, H7908, H7909, H7921, G730, G815, G1025, G1064, G1081, G1085, G1471, G3439, G3515, G3516, G3808, G3812, G3813, G3816, G5040, G5041, G5042, G5043, G5044, G5206, G5207, G5388

chosen, choose, chosen people, Chosen One, elect

Key Terms :: chosen, choose, chosen people, Chosen One, elect

Definition:

The term “the elect” literally means “chosen ones” or “chosen people” and refers to those whom God has appointed or selected to be his people. “Chosen One” or “Chosen One of God” is a title that refers to Jesus, who is the chosen Messiah.

The term “choose” means to select something or someone or to decide something. It is often used to refer to God appointing people to belong to him and to serve him.
To be “chosen” means to be “selected” or “appointed” to be or do something.
God chose people to be holy, to be set apart by him for the purpose of bearing good spiritual fruit. That is why they are called “the chosen (ones)” or “the elect.”
The term “chosen one” is sometimes used in the Bible to refer to certain people such as Moses and King David whom God had appointed as leaders over his people. It is also used to refer to the nation of Israel as God’s chosen people.
The phrase “the elect” is an older term that literally means “the chosen ones” or “the chosen people.” This phrase in the original language is plural when referring to believers in Christ.
In older English Bible versions, the term “elect” is used in both the Old and New Testaments to translate the word for “chosen one(s).” More modern versions use “elect” only in the New Testament, to refer to people who have been saved by God through faith in Jesus. Elsewhere in the Bible text, they translate this word more literally as “chosen ones.”

Translation Suggestions:

It is best to translate “elect” with a word or phrase that means “chosen ones” or “chosen people.” This could also be translated as “people whom God chose” or “the ones God appointed to be his people.”
The phrase “who were chosen” could also be translated as “who were appointed” or “who were selected” or “whom God chose.”
“I chose you” could be translated as “I appointed you” or “I selected you.”
In reference to Jesus, “Chosen One” could also be translated as “God’s chosen One” or “God’s specially appointed Messiah” or “the One God appointed (to save people).”

(See also: appoint, Christ)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H970, H972, H977, H1262, H1305, H4005, H6901, G138, G140, G1586, G1588, G1589, G1951, G3724, G4400, G4401, G4758, G4899, G5500

clean, wash

Key Terms :: clean, wash

Definition:

The term “clean” generally refers either to removing dirt or stains from someone/something or to not having any dirt or stain in the first place. The term “wash” refers specifically to action of removing dirt or stains from someone/something.

“Cleanse” is the process of making something “clean.” It could also be translated as “wash” or “purify.”
In the Old Testament, God told the Israelites which animals he had specified as ritually “clean” and which ones were “unclean.” Only the clean animals were permitted to be used for eating or for sacrifice. In this context, the term “clean” means that the animal was acceptable to God for use as a sacrifice.
A person who had certain skin diseases would be unclean until the skin was healed enough to no longer be contagious. Instructions for cleansing the skin had to be obeyed in order for that person to be declared “clean” again.
Sometimes “clean” is used figuratively to refer to moral purity, meaning to be “clean” from sin.

In the Bible, the term “unclean” is used figuratively to refer to things that God declared to be unfit for his people to touch, eat, or sacrifice.

God gave the Israelites instructions about which animals were “clean” and which ones were “unclean.” The unclean animals were not permitted to be used for eating or for sacrifice.
People with certain skin diseases were said to be “unclean” until they were healed.
If the Israelites touched something “unclean,” they themselves would be considered unclean for a certain period of time.
Obeying God’s commands about not touching or eating unclean things kept the Israelites set apart for God’s service.
This physical and ritual uncleanness was also symbolic of moral uncleanness.
In another figurative sense, an “unclean spirit” refers to an evil spirit.

Translation Suggestions:

This term could be translated with the common word for “clean” or “pure” (in the sense of being not dirty).
Other ways to translate this could include, “ritually clean” or “acceptable to God.”
“Cleanse” could be translated by “wash” or “purify.”
Make sure that the words used for “clean” and “cleanse” can also be understood in a figurative sense.
The term “unclean” could also be translated as “not clean” or “unfit in God’s eyes” or “physically unclean” or “defiled.”
When referring to a demon as an unclean spirit, “unclean” could be translated as “evil” or “defiled.”
The translation of this term should allow for spiritual uncleanness. It should be able to refer to anything that God declared as unfit for touching, eating, or sacrifice.

(See also: defile, demon, holy, sacrifice)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1249, H1252, H1305, H2134, H2135, H2141, H2398, H2548, H2834, H2889, H2890, H2891, H2893, H2930, H2931, H2932, H3001, H3722, H5079, H5352, H5355, H5356, H6172, H6565, H6663, H6945, H7137, H8552, H8562, G167, G169, G2511, G2512, G2513, G2839, G2840, G3394, G3689

command, commandment

Key Terms :: command, commandment

Definition:

The term “command” means to order someone to do something. The term “commandment” refers to the thing that a person is commanded to do.

The term “commandment” sometimes refers to certain commands of God which are more formal and permanent, such as the “Ten Commandments.”
A command can be positive (“Honor your parents”) or negative (“Do not steal”).
To “take command” means to “take control” or “take charge” of something or someone.

Translation Suggestions

It is best to translate this term differently from the term, “law.” Also compare with the definitions of “decree” and “statute.”
Some translators may prefer to translate “command” and “commandment” with the same word in their language.
Others may prefer to use a special word for commandment that refers to lasting, formal commands that God has made.

(See decree, statute, law, Ten Commandments)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H559, H560, H565, H1296, H1696, H1697, H1881, H2706, H2708, H2710, H2941, H2942, H2951, H3027, H3982, H3983, H4406, H4662, H4687, H4929, H4931, H4941, H5057, H5713, H5749, H6213, H6310, H6346, H6490, H6673, H6680, H7101, H7218, H7227, H7262, H7761, H7970, H8269, G1263, G1291, G1296, G1297, G1299, G1690, G1778, G1781, G1785, G2003, G2004, G2008, G2036, G2753, G3056, G3726, G3852, G3853, G4367, G4483, G4487, G5506

compassion, compassionate

Key Terms :: compassion, compassionate

Definition:

The term “compassion” refers to a feeling of concern for people, especially for those who are suffering. A “compassionate” person cares about other people and helps them.

The word “compassion” refers to caring about people in need, as well as taking action to help them.
The Bible says that God is compassionate, that is, he is full of love and mercy.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways of translating “compassion” could include, “deep caring” or “pity” or “helpful mercy.”
The term “compassionate” could also be translated as “caring and helpful” or “deeply loving and merciful.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2550, H7349, H7355, H7356, G1653, G3356, G3627, G4697, G4834, G4835

condemn, condemned, condemnation

Key Terms :: condemn, condemned, condemnation

Definition:

The terms “condemn” and “condemnation” refer to judging someone for doing something wrong.

Often the word “condemn” includes punishing that person for what they did wrong.
Sometimes “condemn” means to falsely accuse someone or to judge someone harshly.
The term “condemnation” refers to the act of condemning or accusing someone.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, this term could be translated as “harshly judge” or “criticize falsely.”
The phrase “condemn him” could be translated as “judge that he is guilty” or “state that he must be punished for his sin.”
The term “condemnation” could be translated as “harsh judging” or “declaring to be guilty” or “punishment of guilt.”

(See also: judge, punish)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6064, H7034, H7561, H8199, G176, G843, G2607, G2613, G2631, G2632, G2633, G2917, G2919, G2920, G5272, G6048

confess, confession

Key Terms :: confess, confession

Definition:

To confess means to admit or assert that something is true. A “confession” is a statement or admission that something is true.

The term “confess” can refer to boldly stating the truth about God. It can also refer to admitting that we have sinned.
The Bible says that if people confess their sins to God, he will forgive them.
James the apostle wrote in his letter that when believers confess their sins to each other, this brings spiritual healing.
The apostle Paul wrote to the Philippians that someday everyone will confess or declare that Jesus is Lord.
Paul also said that if people confess that Jesus is Lord and believe that God raised him from the dead, they will be saved.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, ways to translate “confess” could include, “admit” or “testify” or “declare” or “acknowledge” or “affirm.”
Different ways to translate “confession” could be, “declaration” or “testimony” or “statement about what we believe” or “admitting sin.”

(See also: faith, testimony)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3034, H8426, G1843, G3670, G3671

conscience

Key Terms :: conscience

Definition:

The conscience is the part of a person’s thinking through which God makes him aware that he is doing something sinful.

God gave people a conscience to help them know the difference between what is right and what is wrong.
A person who obeys God is said to have a “pure” or “clear” or “clean” conscience.
If a person has a “clear conscience” it means that he is not hiding any sin.
If someone ignores their conscience and no longer feels guilty when he sins, this means his conscience is no longer sensitive to what is wrong. The Bible calls this a “seared” conscience, one that is “branded” as if with a hot iron. Such a conscience is also called “insensitive” and “polluted.”
Possible ways to translate this term could include, “inner moral guide” or “moral thinking.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4893

consecrate, consecrated, consecration

Key Terms :: consecrate, consecrated, consecration

Definition:

To consecrate means to dedicate something or someone to serve God. The person or object that is consecrated is considered holy and set apart for God.

The meaning of this term is similar to “sanctify” or to “make holy,” but with the added meaning of formally setting apart someone for service to God.
Things that were consecrated to God included animals to be sacrificed, the altar of burnt offering, and the tabernacle.
People who were consecrated to God included the priests, the people of Israel, and the oldest male child.
Sometimes the word “consecrate” has a meaning that is similar to “purify,” especially when it pertains to preparing people or things for God’s service so that they will be cleansed and acceptable to him.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate “consecrate” could include, “set apart for God’s service” or “purify for service to God.”
Also consider how the terms “holy” and “sanctify” are translated.

(See also: holy, pure, sanctify)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2763, H3027, H4390, H4394, H5144, H5145, H6942, H6944, G1457, G5048

cornerstone

Key Terms :: cornerstone

Definition:

The term “cornerstone” refers to a large stone that has been specially cut and placed in the corner of the foundation of a building.

All the other stones of the building are measured and placed in relation to the cornerstone.
It is very important for the strength and stability of the whole structure.
In the New Testament, the Assembly of believers is metaphorically compared to a building which has Jesus Christ as its “cornerstone.”
In the same way that the cornerstone of a building supports and determines the position of the whole building, so Jesus Christ is the cornerstone on which the Assembly of believers is founded and supported.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “cornerstone” could also be translated as “main building stone” or “foundation stone.”
Consider whether the target language has a term for a part of a building’s foundation that is the main support. If so, this term could be used.
Another way to translate this would be, “a foundation stone used for the corner of a building.”
It is important to keep the fact that this is a large stone, used as a solid and secure building material. If stones are not used for constructing buildings, there may be another word that could be used that means “large stone” (such as “boulder”) but it should also have the idea of being well-formed and made to fit.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0068, H6438, H7218, G204, G1137, G2776, G3037

covenant faithfulness, covenant loyalty, covenant love

Key Terms :: covenant faithfulness, covenant loyalty, covenant love

Definition:

In biblical times, the term translated as “covenant faithfulness” was used to describe the kind of faithfulness, loyalty, kindness, and love that was both expected and demonstrated between people who were closely related to one another, either by marriage or by blood. This same term is used often in the Bible to describe the way God relates to his people, especially his commitment to fulfill the promises that he made to them.

The way this term is translated can depend on how each of the individual terms “covenant” and “faithfulness” are translated.
Other ways to translate this term might include: “faithful love;” “loyal, committed love;” or “loving dependability.”

(See also: covenant, faithful, grace, Israel, people of God, promise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2617

daughter of Zion

Key Terms :: daughter of Zion

Definition:

“Daughter of Zion” is a figurative way of referring to the people of Israel. It is usually used in prophecies.

In the Old Testament, “Zion” is often used as another name for the city of Jerusalem.
Both “Zion” and “Jerusalem” are also used to refer to Israel.
The term “Daughter” is a term of endearment or affection. It is a metaphor for the patience and care that God has for his people.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate this could include “my daughter Israel, from Zion” or “people from Zion, who are like a daughter to me” or “Zion, my dear people Israel.”
It is best to keep the term “Zion” in this expression since it is used many times in the Bible. A note could be included in the translation to explain its figurative meaning and prophetic use.
It is also better to keep the term “Daughter” in the translation of this expression, as long as it is understood correctly.

(See also: Jerusalem, prophet, Zion)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1323, H6726

day of the Lord, day of Yahweh

Key Terms :: day of the Lord, day of Yahweh

Description:

The Old Testament term “day of Yahweh” is used to refer to a specific time(s) when God would punish people for their sin.

The New Testament term “day of the Lord” usually refers to the day or time when the Lord Jesus will come back to judge people at the end of time.
This final, future time of judgment and resurrection is also sometimes referred to as the “last day.” This time will begin when the Lord Jesus comes back to judge sinners and will permanently establish his rule.
The word “day” in these phrases may sometimes refer to a literal day or it may refer to a “time” or “occasion” that is longer than a day.
Sometimes the punishment is referred to as a “pouring out of God’s wrath” upon those who do not believe.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, other ways to translate “day of Yahweh” could include “time of Yahweh” or “time when Yahweh will punish his enemies” or “time of Yahweh’s wrath.”
Other ways to translate “day of the Lord” could include “time of the Lord’s judgment” or “time when the Lord Jesus will return to judge people.”

(See also: day, judgment day, Lord, resurrection, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3068, H3117, G2250, G2962

deacon

Key Terms :: deacon

Definition:

A deacon is a person who serves in the local church, helping fellow believers with practical needs, such as food or money.

The word “deacon” is taken directly from a Greek word meaning “servant” or “minister.”
From the time of the early Christians, being a deacon has been a well-defined role and ministry in the Church body.
For example, in the New Testament, deacons would make sure that whatever money or food that the believers shared would be distributed fairly to the widows among them.
The term “deacon” could also be translated as “church minister” or “church worker” or “church servant,” or some other phrase that shows that the person has been formally appointed to do specific tasks that benefit the local Christian community.

(See also: minister, servant)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1249

discipline, self-discipline

Key Terms :: discipline, self-discipline

Definition:

The term “discipline” refers to training people to obey a set of guidelines for moral behavior.

Parents discipline their children by providing moral guidance and direction for them and teaching them to obey.
Similarly, God disciplines his children to help them produce healthy spiritual fruit in their lives, such as joy, love, and patience.
Discipline involves instruction regarding how to live to please God, as well as punishment for behavior that is against God’s will.
Self-discipline is the process of applying moral and spiritual principles to one’s own life.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, “discipline” could be translated as “train and instruct” or “morally guide” or “punish for wrongdoing.”
The noun “discipline” could be translated as “moral training” or “punishment” or “moral correction” or “moral guidance and instruction.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4148, G1468

divine

Key Terms :: divine

Definition:

The term “divine” refers to anything pertaining to God.

Some ways this term is used include “divine authority,” “divine judgment,” “divine nature,” “divine power,” and “divine glory.”
In one passage in the Bible, the term “divine” is used to describe something about a false deity.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate the term “divine” could include “God’s” or “from God” or “pertaining to God” or “characterized by God.”
For example, “divine authority” could be translated as “God’s authority” or “authority that comes from God.”
The phrase “divine glory” could be translated as “God’s glory” or “the glory that God has” or “glory that comes from God.”
Some translations may prefer to use a different word when describing something that pertains to a false god.

(See also: authority, false god, glory, God, judge, power)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2304, G2999

dominion

Key Terms :: dominion

Definition:

The term “dominion” refers to power, control, or authority over people, animals, or land.

Jesus Christ is said to have dominion over all the earth, as prophet, priest, and king.
Satan’s dominion has been defeated forever by Jesus Christ’s death on the cross.
At creation, God said that man is to have dominion over fish, birds, and all creatures on the earth.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, other ways to translate this term could include “authority” or “power” or “control.”
The phrase “have dominion over” could be translated as “rule over” or “manage.”

(See also: authority, power)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1166, H4474, H4475, H4896, H4910, H4915, H7287, H7300, H7980, H7985, G2634, G2904, G2961, G2963

ephod

Key Terms :: ephod

Definition:

An ephod was an apron-like garment worn by the Israelite priests. It had two parts, front and back, that were joined together at the shoulders and tied around the waist with a cloth belt.

One kind of ephod was made of plain linen and was worn by the ordinary priests.
The ephod worn by the high priest was specially embroidered with gold, blue, purple, and red yarn.
The breastpiece of the high priest was attached to the front of the ephod. Behind the breastpiece were stored the Urim and Thummim, which were stones used for asking God what his will was in certain matters.
The judge Gideon foolishly made an ephod out of gold and it became something that the Israelites worshiped as an idol.

(See also: priest)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H641, H642, H646

eunuch

Key Terms :: eunuch

Definition:

Usually the term “eunuch” refers to a man who has been castrated. The term later became a general term to refer to any government official, even those without the deformity.

Jesus said that some eunuchs were born that way, perhaps because of damaged sex organs or because of not being able to function sexually. Others chose to live like eunuchs in a celibate lifestyle.
In ancient times, eunuchs were often kings’ servants who were set as guards over the women’s quarters.
Some eunuchs were important government officials, such as the Ethiopian eunuch who met the apostle Philip in the desert.

(See also: Philip)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5631, G2134, G2135

evangelist

Key Terms :: evangelist

Definition:

An “evangelist” is a person who tells other people the good news about Jesus Christ.

The literal meaning of “evangelist” is “someone who preaches the good news.”
Jesus sent his apostles out to spread the good news about how to be part of God’s kingdom through trusting in Jesus and his sacrifice for sin.
All Christians are exhorted to share this good news.
Some Christians are given a special spiritual gift to effectively tell the gospel to others. These people are said to have the gift of evangelism and are called “evangelists.”

Translation Suggestions:

The term “evangelist” could be translated as “someone who preaches the good news” or “teacher of the good news” or “person who proclaims the good news (about Jesus)” or “good news proclaimer.”

(See also: good news, spirit, gift)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2099

exalt, exalted, exaltation

Key Terms :: exalt, exalted, exaltation

Definition:

To exalt is to highly praise and honor someone. It can also mean to put someone in a high position.

In the Bible, the term “exalt” is most often used for exalting God.
When a person exalts himself, it means he is thinking about himself in a proud or arrogant way.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate “exalt” could include “highly praise” or “honor greatly” or “extol” or “speak highly of.”
In some contexts it could be translated by a word or phrase that means “put in a higher position” or “give more honor to” or “talk about proudly.”
“Do not exalt yourself” could also be translated as “Do not think of yourself too highly” or “Do not brag about yourself.”
“Those that exalt themselves” could also be translated as “Those who think proudly about themselves” or “Those who boast about themselves.”

(See also: praise, worship, glory, boast, proud)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1361, H4984, H5375, H5549, H5927, H7311, H7426, H7682, G1869, G5229, G5251, G5311, G5312

exhort, exhortation

Key Terms :: exhort, exhortation

Definition:

The term “exhort” means to strongly encourage and urge someone to do what is right. Such encouragement is called “exhortation.”

The purpose of exhortation is to persuade other people to avoid sin and follow God’s will.
The New Testament teaches Christians to exhort each other in love, not harshly or abruptly.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, “exhort” could also be translated as “strongly urge” or “persuade” or “advise.”
Make sure the translation of this term does not imply that the exhorter is angry. The term should convey strength and seriousness, but should not refer to angry speech.
In most contexts, the term “exhort” should be translated differently than “encourage,” which means to inspire, reassure, or comfort someone.
Usually this term will also be translated differently from “admonish,” which means to warn or correct someone for his wrong behavior.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3867, G3870, G3874, G4389

faithless, unfaithful, unfaithfulness

Key Terms :: faithless, unfaithful, unfaithfulness

Definition:

The term “faithless” means to not have faith or to not believe.

This word is used to describe people who do not believe in God. Their lack of belief is seen by the immoral way they act.
The prophet Jeremiah accused Israel of being faithless and disobedient to God.
They worshiped idols and followed other ungodly customs of people groups who did not worship or obey God.

The term “unfaithful” describes people who do not do what God has commanded them to do. The condition or practice of being unfaithful is “unfaithfulness.”

The people of Israel were called “unfaithful” when they began to worship idols and when they disobeyed God in other ways.
In marriage, someone who commits adultery is “unfaithful” to his or her spouse.
God used the term “unfaithfulness” to describe Israel’s disobedient behavior. They were not obeying God or honoring him.

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, the term “faithless” could be translated as “unfaithful” or “unbelieving” or “disobedient to God” or “not believing.”
The term “faithlessness” could be translated as “unbelief” or “unfaithfulness” or “rebellion against God.”
The phrase “the unfaithful” could be translated as “people who are not faithful (to God)” or “unfaithful people” or “those who disobey God” or “people who rebel against God.”
In some languages, the term “unfaithful” is related to the word for “unbelief.”

(See also: How to Translate Names

(See also: believe, faithful, disobey, adultery)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G571

favor, favorable, favoritism

Key Terms :: favor, favorable, favoritism

Definition:

The term “favor” generally means approval. Someone who favors another person regards that person positively and approves of them.

Jesus grew up “in favor with” God and men. This means that both God and others approved of his character and behavior.
The expression “find favor” with someone means that someone is approved of by that person.
When a king shows favor to someone, it often means that he approves of that person’s request and grants it.
A “favor” can also be a gesture or action towards or for another person for their benefit.
The term “favoritism” means an attitude of acting favorably toward some people but not others. It means the inclination to pick one person over another or one thing over another because the person or item is preferred. Generally, favoritism is considered unfair.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate the term “favor” could include “approval” or “blessing” or “benefit.”
The “favorable year of Yahweh” could be translated as “the year (or time) when Yahweh will bring great blessing.”
The term “favoritism” could be translated as “partiality” or “being prejudiced” or “unjust treatment.” This word is related to the word “favorite,” which means to prefer above all others.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H995, H1156, H1293, H1779, H1921, H2580, H2603, H2896, H5278, H5375, H5414, H5922, H6213, H6437, H6440, H7521, H7522, H7965, G1184, G3685, G4380, G4382, G5485, G5486

fear, afraid, frighten

Key Terms :: fear, afraid, frighten

Definition:

The terms “fear” refers to the unpleasant emotion a person feels when experiencing a potential threat to their safety or well-being. In the Bible, however, the term “fear” can also mean an attitude of worship, respect, awe, or obedience toward another person, usually someone powerful such as God or a king.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, the term “fear” can be translated in various ways. Some possibilities include: “be afraid;” “deeply respect,” or “deep respect;” “revere,” or “reverence;” or perhaps “be in awe of.”
The phrase “fear not” could also be translated as “do not be afraid” or “stop being afraid.”
The sentence “The fear of God fell on all of them” might be translated in various ways. Some possibilities include: “Suddenly they all felt a deep awe and respect for God;” or “Immediately, they all felt very amazed and revered God deeply;” or “Right then, they all felt very afraid of God (because of his great power).”

(See also: awe, Yahweh, Lord, marvel, power)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H367, H926, H1204, H1481, H1672, H1674, H1763, H2119, H2296, H2727, H2729, H2730, H2731, H2844, H2849, H2865, H3016, H3025, H3068, H3372, H3373, H3374, H4032, H4034, H4035, H4116, H4172, H6206, H6342, H6343, H6345, H6427, H7264, H7267, H7297, H7374, H7461, H7493, H8175, G870, G1167, G1168, G1169, G1630, G1719, G2124, G2125, G2962, G5398, G5399, G5400, G5401

fellowship

Key Terms :: fellowship

Definition:

In general, the term “fellowship” refers to friendly interactions between members of a group of people who share similar interests and experiences.

In the Bible, the term “fellowship” usually refers to the unity of believers in Christ.
Christian fellowship is a shared relationship that believers have with one another through their relationship with Christ and the Holy Spirit.
The early Christians expressed their fellowship through listening to the teaching of God’s Word and praying together, through the sharing of their belongings, and through eating meals together.
Christians also have fellowship with God through their faith in Jesus and his sacrificial death on the cross which removed the barrier between God and people.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate “fellowship” could include “a sharing together” or “relationship” or “companionship” or “Christian community.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2266, H8667, G2842, G2844, G3352, G4790

filled with the Holy Spirit

Key Terms :: filled with the Holy Spirit

Definition:

The term “filled with the Holy Spirit” is a figurative expression that, when used to describe a person means the Holy Spirit is empowering that person to do God’s will.

The expression “filled with” is an expression that often means “controlled by.”
People are “filled with the Holy Spirit” when they follow the Holy Spirit’s leading and completely rely on him to help them do what God wants.

Translation Suggestions:

This term could be translated as “empowered by the Holy Spirit” or “controlled by the Holy Spirit.” But it should not sound as though the Holy Spirit is forcing the person to do something.
A sentence such as “he was filled with the Holy Spirit” could be translated as “he was living fully by the Spirit’s power” or “he was completely guided by the Holy Spirit” or “the Holy Spirit was guiding him completely.”
This term is similar in meaning to the expression “live by the Spirit,” but “filled with the Holy Spirit” emphasizes the completeness with which a person allows the Holy Spirit to have control or influence over his life. So these two expressions should be translated differently, if possible.

(See also: Holy Spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G40, G4130, G4137, G4151

flesh

Key Terms :: flesh

Definition:

In the Bible, the term “flesh” literally refers to the soft tissue of the physical body of a human being or animal.

The Bible also uses the term “flesh” in a figurative way to refer to all human beings or all living creatures.
In the New Testament, the term “flesh” is used to refer to the sinful nature of human beings. This is often used in contrast to their spiritual nature.
The expression “own flesh and blood” refers to someone who is biologically related to another person, such as a parent, sibling, child, or grandchild.
The expression “flesh and blood” can also refer to a person’s ancestors or descendants.
The expression “one flesh” refers to the physical uniting of a man and woman in marriage.

Translation Suggestions:

In the context of an animal’s body, “flesh” could be translated as “body” or “skin” or “meat.”
When it is used to refer generally to all living creatures, this term could be translated as “living beings” or “everything that is alive.”
When referring in general to all people, this term could be translated as “people” or “human beings” or “everyone who lives.”
The expression “flesh and blood” could also be translated as “relatives” or “family” or “kinfolk” or “family clan.” There may be contexts where it could be translated as “ancestors” or “descendants.”
Some languages may have an expression that is similar in meaning to “flesh and blood.”
The expression “become one flesh” could be translated as “unite sexually” or “become as one body” or “become like one person in body and spirit.” The translation of this expression should be checked to make sure it is acceptable in the project language and culture. (See: euphemism. It should also be understood that this is figurative, and does not mean that a man and a woman who “become one flesh” literally become one person.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H829, H1320, H1321, H2878, H3894, H4207, H7607, H7683, G2907, G4559, G4560, G4561

fool, foolish, folly

Key Terms :: fool, foolish, folly

Definition:

The term “fool” refers to a person who often makes wrong choices, especially choosing to disobey. The term “foolish” describes a person or behavior that is not wise.

In the Bible, the term “fool” usually refers to a person who does not believe or obey God. This is often contrasted to the wise person, who trusts in God and obeys God.
In the Psalms, David describes a fool as a person who does not believe in God, one who ignores all the evidence of God in his creation.
The Old Testament book of Proverbs also gives many descriptions of what a fool, or foolish person, is like.
The term “folly” refers to an action that is not wise because it is against God’s will. Often “folly” also includes the meaning of something that is ridiculous or dangerous.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “fool” could be translated as “foolish person” or “unwise person” or “senseless person” or “ungodly person.”
Ways to translate “foolish” could include “lacking understanding” or “unwise” or “senseless.”

(See also: wise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H191, H196, H200, H1198, H1984, H2973, H3684, H3687, H3688, H3689, H3690, H5014, H5034, H5036, H5039, H5528, H5529, H5530, H5531, H6612, H8417, H8602, H8604, G453, G454, G781, G801, G877, G878, G2757, G3150, G3154, G3471, G3472, G3473, G3474, G3912

gift

Key Terms :: gift

Definition:

The term “gift” refers to anything that is given or offered to someone. A gift is given without the expectation of getting anything in return

Money, food, clothing, or other things given to poor people are called “gifts.”
In the Bible, an offering or sacrifice given to God is also called a gift.
The gift of salvation is something God gives us through faith in Jesus.
In the New Testament, the term “gifts” is also used to refer to special spiritual abilities that God gives to all Christians for serving other people.

Translation Suggestions:

The general term for “gift” could be translated with a word or phrase that means “something that is given.”
In the context of someone having a gift or special ability that comes from God, the term “gift from the Spirit” could be translated as “spiritual ability” or “special ability from the Holy Spirit” or “special spiritual skill that God gave.”

(See also: spirit, Holy Spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H814, H4503, H4864, H4976, H4978, H4979, H4991, H5078, H5083, H5379, H7810, H8641, G334, G1390, G1394, G1431, G1434, G1435, G3311, G5486

godly, godliness, ungodly, godless, ungodliness, godlessness

Key Terms :: godly, godliness, ungodly, godless, ungodliness, godlessness

Definition:

The term “godly” is used to describe a person who acts in a way that honors God and shows what God is like. “Godliness” is the character quality of honoring God by doing his will.

A person who has godly character will show the fruits of the Holy Spirit, such as love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, and self control.
The quality of godliness shows that a person has the Holy Spirit and is obeying him.

The terms “ungodly” and “godless” describe people who are in rebellion against God. Living in an evil way, without thought of God, is called “ungodliness” or “godlessness.”

The meanings of these words are very similar. However, “godless” and “godlessness” may describe a more extreme condition in which people or nations do not even acknowledge God or his right to rule them.
God pronounces judgment and wrath on ungodly people, on everyone who rejects him and his ways.

Translation Suggestions:

The phrase “the godly” could be translated as “godly people” or “people who obey God.” (See: nominaladj
The adjective “godly” could be translated as “obedient to God” or “righteous” or “pleasing to God.”
The phrase “in a godly manner” could be translated as “in a way that obeys God” or “with actions and words that please God.”
Ways to translate “godliness” could include “acting in a way that pleases God” or “obeying God” or “living in a righteous manner.”
Depending on the context, the term “ungodly” could be translated as “displeasing to God” or “immoral” or “disobeying God.”
The terms “godless” and “godlessness” literally mean that the people are “without God” or “having no thought of God” or “acting in a way that does not acknowledge God.”
Other ways to translate “ungodliness” or “godlessness” could be “wickedness” or “evil” or “rebellion against God”.

(See also evil, honor, obey, righteous, righteous)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0430, H1100, H2623, H5760, H7563, G0516, G0763, G0764, G0765, G2124, G2150, G2152, G2153, G2316, G2317

grace, gracious

Key Terms :: grace, gracious

Definition:

The word “grace” refers to help or blessing that is given to someone who has not earned it. The term “gracious” describes someone who shows grace to others.

God’s grace toward sinful human beings is a gift that is freely given.
The concept of grace also refers to being kind and forgiving to someone who has done wrong or hurtful things.
The expression to “find grace” is an expression that means to receive help and mercy from God. Often it includes the meaning that God is pleased with someone and helps him.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways that “grace” could be translated include “divine kindness” or “God’s favor” or “God’s kindness and forgiveness for sinners” or “merciful kindness.”
The term “gracious” could be translated as “full of grace” or “kind” or “merciful” or “mercifully kind.”
The expression “he found grace in the eyes of God” could be translated as “he received mercy from God” or “God mercifully helped him” or “God showed his favor to him” or “God was pleased with him and helped him.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2580, H2587, H2589, H2603, H8467, G2143, G5485, G5543

heart

Key Terms :: heart

Definition:

The term “heart” refers to the internal bodily organ that pumps blood throughout the body in people and animals. However, in the Bible the term “heart” is often used figuratively to refer to a person’s thoughts, emotions, desires, or will.

To have a “hard heart” is a common expression that means a person stubbornly refuses to obey God.
The expressions “with all my heart” or “with my whole heart” mean to do something with complete sincerity, commitment, or willingness, holding nothing back.
The expression “take it to heart” means to treat something seriously and apply it to one’s life.
The term “brokenhearted” describes a person who is very sad. That person has been deeply hurt emotionally.

Translation Suggestions

Some languages use a different body part such as “stomach” or “liver” to refer to these ideas.
Other languages may use one word to express some of these concepts and another word to express others.
If “heart” or other body part does not have this meaning, some languages may need to express this literally with terms such as “thoughts” or “emotions” or “desires.”
Depending on the context, “with all my heart” or “with my whole heart” could be translated as “with all my energy” or “with complete dedication” or “completely” or “with total commitment.”
The expression “take it to heart” could be translated as “treat it seriously” or “carefully think about it.”
The expression “hard-hearted” could also be translated as “stubbornly rebellious” or “refusing to obey” or “continually disobeying God.”
Ways to translate “brokenhearted” could include “very sad” or “feeling deeply hurt.”

(See also: hard)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1079, H2436, H2504, H2910, H3519, H3629, H3820, H3821, H3823, H3824, H3825, H3826, H4578, H5315, H5640, H7130, H7307, H7356, H7907, G674, G1282, G1271, G2133, G2588, G2589, G4641, G4698, G5590

holy place

Key Terms :: holy place

Definition:

In the Bible, the terms “the holy place” and “the most holy place” refer to the two parts of the tabernacle or temple building.

The “holy place” was the first room, and it contained the altar of incense and the table with the special “bread of the presence” on it.
The “most holy place” was the second, innermost room, and it contained the ark of the covenant.
A thick, heavy curtain separated the outer room from the inner room.
The high priest was the only one who was permitted to go into the most holy place.
Sometimes “holy place” refers to both the building and courtyard areas of either the temple or tabernacle. It could also refer generally to any place that is set apart for God.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “holy place” could also be translated as “room set apart for God” or “special room for meeting God” or “place reserved for God.”
The term “most holy place” could be translated as “room that is the most set apart for God” or “most special room for meeting God.”
Depending on the context, ways to translate the general expression “a holy place” could include “a consecrated place” or “a place that God has set apart” or “a place in the temple complex, which is holy” or “a courtyard of God’s holy temple.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1964, H4720, H4725, H5116, H6918, H6944, G39, G40, G3485, G5117

honor

Key Terms :: honor

Definition:

The terms “honor” and to “honor” refer to giving someone respect, esteem, or reverence.

Honor is usually given to someone who is of higher status and importance, such as a king or God.
God instructs Christians to honor others.
Children are instructed to honor their parents in ways that include respecting them and obeying them.
The terms “honor” and “glory” are often used together, especially when referring to Jesus. These may be two different ways of referring to the same thing.
Ways of honoring God include thanking and praising him, and showing him respect by obeying him and living in a way that shows how great he is.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate “honor” could include “respect” or “esteem” or “high regard.”
The term to “honor” could be translated as to “show special respect to” or to “cause to be praised” or to “show high regard for” or to “highly value.”

(See also: dishonor, glory, glory, praise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1420, H1921, H1922, H1923, H1926, H1927, H1935, H2082, H2142, H3366, H3367, H3368, H3372, H3373, H3374, H3444, H3513, H3519, H3655, H3678, H5081, H5375, H5457, H6213, H6286, H6437, H6942, H6944, H6965, H7236, H7613, H7812, H8597, H8416, G820, G1391, G1392, G1784, G2151, G2570, G3170, G4411, G4586, G5091, G5092, G5093, G5399

hope, hoped

Key Terms :: hope, hoped

Definition:

Hope is strongly desiring something to happen. Hope can imply either certainty or uncertainty regarding a future event.

In the Bible, the term “hope” also has the meaning of “trust,” as in “my hope is in the Lord.” It refers to a sure expectation of receiving what God has promised his people.
Sometimes the ULT translates the term in the original language as “confidence.” This happens mostly in the New Testament in situations where people who believe in Jesus as their Savior have the assurance (or confidence or hope) of receiving what God has promised.
To have “no hope” means to have no expectation of something good happening. It means that it is actually very certain that it will not happen.

Translation Suggestions:

In some contexts, the term to “hope” could also be translated as to “wish” or to “desire” or to “expect.”
The expression “nothing to hope for” could be translated as “nothing to trust in” or “no expectation of anything good”
To “have no hope” could be translated as “have no expectation of anything good” or “have no security” or “be sure that nothing good will happen.”
The expression “have set your hopes on” could also be translated as “have put your confidence in” or “have been trusting in.”
The phrase “I find hope in your Word” could also be translated as “I am confident that your Word is true” or “Your Word helps me trust in you” or “When I obey your Word, I am certain to be blessed.”
Phrases such as “hope in” God could also be translated a, “trust in God” or “know for sure that God will do what he has promised” or “be certain that God is faithful.”

(See also: bless, confidence, good, obey, trust, word of God)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H982, H983, H986, H2620, H2976, H3175, H3176, H3689, H4009, H4268, H4723, H7663, H7664, H8431, H8615, G91, G560, G1679, G1680, G2070

house of God, Yahweh’s house

Key Terms :: house of God, Yahweh’s house

Definition:

In the Bible, the phrases “house of God” (God’s house) and “house of Yahweh (Yahweh’s house)” refer to a place where God is worshiped.

This term is also used more specifically to refer to the tabernacle or the temple.
Sometimes “God’s house” is used to refer to the people of God.

Translation Suggestions:

When referring to a place of worship, this term could be translated as “a house for worshiping God” or “a place for worshiping God.”
If it is referring to the temple or tabernacle, this could be translated as “the temple (or tabernacle) where God is worshiped” (or “where God is present” or “where God meets with his people”).
The word “house” may be important to use in the translation in order to communicate that God “dwells” there, that is, his spirit is in that place to meet with his people and to be worshiped by them.

(See also: people of God, tabernacle, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H426, H430, H1004, H1005, H3068, G2316, G3624

hypocrite, hypocrisy

Key Terms :: hypocrite, hypocrisy

Definition:

The term “hypocrite” refers to a person who does things to appear righteous, but who secretly is acting in evil ways. The term “hypocrisy” refers to the behavior that deceives people into thinking a person is righteous.

Hypocrites want to be seen doing good things so that people will think that they are good people.
Often a hypocrite will criticize other people for doing the same sinful things that they themselves do.
Jesus called the Pharisees hypocrites because although they acted religiously like wearing certain clothes and eating certain foods, they were not kind or fair to people.
A hypocrite points out faults in other people, but doesn’t admit his own faults.

Translation Suggestions:

Some languages have an expression like “two-faced” that refers to a hypocrite or a hypocrite’s actions.
Other ways to translate “hypocrite” could include “fraud” or “pretender” or “arrogant, deceitful person.”
The term “hypocrisy” could be translated by, “deception” or “fake actions” or “pretending.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H120, H2611, H2612, G505, G5272, G5273

image of God, image

Key Terms :: image of God, image

Definition:

The term “image” refers to something that looks like something else or that is like someone in character or essence. The phrase “image of God” is used in different ways, depending on the context.

At the beginning of time, God created human beings “in his image,” that is, “in his likeness.” This means that people have certain characteristics that reflect the image of God, such as the ability to feel emotion, the ability to reason and communicate, and a spirit that lives eternally.
The Bible teaches that Jesus, God’s Son, is “the image of God,” that is, he is God himself. Unlike human beings, Jesus was not created. From all eternity God the Son has had all the divine characteristics because he has had the same essence with God the Father.

Translation Suggestions:

When referring to Jesus, “image of God” could be translated as “exact likeness of God” or “same essence as God” or “same being as God.”
When referring to human beings, “God created them in his image” could be translated with a phrase that means “God created them to be like him” or “God created them with characteristics like his own.”

(See also: image, Son of God, Son of God)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4541, H1544, H2553, H6456, H6459, H6754, H6816, H8403, G504, G179

in Christ, in Jesus, in the Lord, in him

Key Terms :: in Christ, in Jesus, in the Lord, in him

Definition:

The phrase “in Christ” and related terms refer to the state or condition of being in relationship with Jesus Christ through faith in him.

Other related terms include “in Christ Jesus, in Jesus Christ, in the Lord Jesus, in the Lord Jesus Christ.”
Possible meanings for the term “in Christ” could include “because you belong to Christ” or “through the relationship you have with Christ” or “based on your faith in Christ.”
These related terms all have the same meaning of being in a state of believing in Jesus and being his disciple.
Note: Sometimes the word “in” belongs with the verb. For example, “share in Christ” means to “share in” the benefits that come from knowing Christ. To “glory in” Christ means to be glad and give praise to God for who Jesus is and what he has done. To “believe in” Christ means to trust him as Savior and know him.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, different ways to translate “in Christ” and “in the Lord” (and related phrases) could include:
- “who belong to Christ”
- “because you believe in Christ”
- “because Christ has saved us”
- “in service to the Lord”
- “relying on the Lord”
- “because of what the Lord has done.”
People who “believe in” Christ or who “have faith in” Christ believe what Jesus taught and are trusting him to save them because of his sacrifice on the cross that paid the penalty for their sins. Some languages may have one word that translates verbs like “believe in” or “share in” or “trust in.”

(See also: Christ, Lord, Jesus, believe, faith)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1519, G2962, G5547

iniquity

Key Terms :: iniquity

Definition:

The term “iniquity” is a word that is very similar in meaning to the term “sin,” but may more specifically refer to conscious acts of wrongdoing or great wickedness.

The word “iniquity” literally means a twisting or distorting (of the law). It refers to major injustice.
Iniquity could be described as deliberate, harmful actions against other people.
Other definitions of iniquity include “perversity” and “depravity,” which are both words that describe conditions of terrible sin.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “iniquity” could be translated as “wickedness” or “perverse actions” or “harmful acts.”
Often, “iniquity” occurs in the same text as the word “sin” and “transgression” so it is important to have different ways of translating these terms.

(See also: sin, transgress, trespass)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H205, H1942, H5753, H5758, H5766, H5771, H5932, H5999, H7562, G92, G93, G458, G3892, G4189

intercede, intercession

Key Terms :: intercede, intercession

Definition:

The terms “intercede” and “intercession” refer to making requests to someone on behalf of another person. In the Bible this usually refers to praying for other people.

The expressions “make intercession for” and “intercede for” mean to make requests to God for the benefit of other people.
The Bible teaches that the Holy Spirit intercedes for us, that is, he prays to God for us.
A person intercedes for other people by making requests for them to someone in authority.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate “intercede” could include “plead for” or “urge (someone) to do something (for someone else).”
The noun “intercessions” could be translated as “appeals” or “requests” or “urgent prayers.”
The phrase “make intercession for” could be translated as “make requests for the benefit of” or “make an appeal on behalf of” or “ask God to help” or “appeal to God to bless (someone).”

(See also: pray)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6293, G1783, G1793, G5241

jealous, jealousy

Key Terms :: jealous, jealousy

Definition:

The terms “jealous” and “jealousy” refer to a strong desire to protect the purity of a relationship. They can also refer to a strong desire to keep possession of something or someone.

These terms are often used to describe the angry feeling that a person has toward a spouse who has been unfaithful in their marriage.
When used in the Bible, these terms often refer to God’s strong desire for his people to remain pure and unstained by sin.
God is also “jealous” for his name, desiring that it be treated with honor and reverence.
Another meaning of jealous involves being angry that someone else is successful or more popular. This is close in meaning to the word “envious.”

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate “jealous” could include “strong protective desire” or “possessive desire.”
The term “jealousy” could be translated as “strong protective feeling” or “possessive feeling.”
When talking about God, make sure the translation of these terms does not give a negative meaning of being resentful of someone else.
In the context of people’s wrong feelings of anger toward toward other people who are more successful, the terms “envious” and “envy” could be used. But these terms should not be used for God.

(See also: envy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7065, H7067, H7068, H7072, G2205, G3863

judgment day

Key Terms :: judgment day

Definition:

The term “judgment day” refers to a future time when God will judge every person.

God has made his Son, Jesus Christ, the judge of all people.
On judgment day, Christ will judge people on the basis of his righteous character.

Translation Suggestions:

This term could also be translated as “judgment time” since it could refer to more than one day.
Other ways to translate this term could include “the end time when God will judge all people.”
Some translations capitalize this term to show that it is the name of a special day or time: “Judgment Day” or “Judgment Time.”

(See also: judge, Jesus, heaven, hell)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2962, H3117, H4941, G2250, G2920, G2962

lament, lamentation

Key Terms :: lament, lamentation

Definition:

The terms “lament” and “lamentation” refer to a strong expression of mourning, sorrow, or grief.

Sometimes this includes deep regret for sin, or compassion for people who have experienced disaster.
A lamentation could include moaning, weeping, or wailing.

Translation Suggestions:

The term to “lament” could be translated as to “deeply mourn” or to “wail in grief” or to “be sorrowful.”
A “lamentation” (or a “lament”) could be translated as “loud wailing and weeping” or “deep sorrow” or “sorrowful sobbing” or “mournful moaning.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H56, H421, H578, H592, H1058, H4553, H5091, H5092, H5594, H6088, H6969, H7015, H8567, G2354, G2355, G2870, G2875

last day, latter days

Key Terms :: last day, latter days

Definition:

The term “last days” or “latter days” refers generally to the time period at the end of the current age.

This time period will have an unknown duration.
The “last days” are a time of judgment upon those who have turned away from God.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “last days” can also be translated as “final days” or “end times.”
In some contexts, this could be translated as “end of the world” or “when this world ends.”

(See also: day of the Lord, judge, turn, world)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H319, H3117, G2078, G2250

majesty

Key Terms :: majesty

Definition:

The term “majesty” refers to greatness and splendor, often in relation to the qualities of a king.

In the Bible, “majesty” frequently refers to the greatness of God, who is the supreme King over the universe.
“Your Majesty” is a way of addressing a king.

Translation Suggestions:

This term could be translated as “kingly greatness” or “royal splendor.”
“Your Majesty” could be translated as something like “your Highness” or “your Excellency” or using a natural way of addressing a ruler in the target language.

(See also: king)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1347, H1348, H1420, H1923, H1926, H1935, H7238, G3168, G3172

manna

Key Terms :: manna

Definition:

Manna was a white, grain-like food that God provided for the Israelites to eat during the 40 years of living in the wilderness after they left Egypt.

Manna looked like white flakes which appeared each morning on the ground under the dew. It tasted sweet, like honey.
The Israelites gathered the manna flakes every day except on the Sabbath.
On the day before the Sabbath, God told the Israelites to gather twice the amount of manna so they wouldn’t have to gather it on their day of rest.
The word “manna” means “what is it?”
In the Bible, manna is also referred to as “bread from heaven” and “grain from heaven.”

Translation Suggestions

Other ways to translate this term could include “thin white flakes of food” or “food from heaven.”
Also consider how this term is translated in a Bible translation in a local or national language. (See: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: bread, desert, grain, heaven, Sabbath)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4478, G3131

myrrh

Key Terms :: myrrh

Definition:

Myrrh is an oil or spice that is made from the resin of a myrrh tree that grows in Africa and Asia. It is related to frankincense.

Myrrh was also used to make incense, perfume, and medicine, and to prepare dead bodies for burial.
Myrrh was one of the gifts that the learned men gave to Jesus when he was born.
Jesus was offered wine mixed with myrrh in order to ease the pain when he was crucified.

(See also: frankincense, learned men)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3910, H4753, G3464, G4666, G4669

name

Key Terms :: name

Definition:

The term “name” refers to the word by which a specific person or thing is called. In the Bible, however, the term “name” is used in several different ways to refer to several different concepts.

In some contexts, “name” could refer to a person’s reputation, as in “let us make a name for ourselves.”
The term “name” could also refer to the memory of something. For example, “cut off the names of the idols” means to destroy those idols so that they are no longer remembered or worshiped.
Speaking “in the name of God” meant speaking with his power and authority, or as his representative.
The “name” of someone could refer to the entire person, as in “there is no other name under heaven by which we must be saved.” (See: metonymy

Translation Suggestions:

An expression like “his good name” could be translated as “his good reputation.”
Doing something “in the name of” could be translated as “with the authority of” or “with the permission of” or “as the representative of” that person.
The expression “make a name for ourselves” could be translated “cause many people to know about us” or “make people think we are very important.”
The expression “call his name” could be translated as “name him” or “give him the name.”
The expression “those who love your name” could be translated as “those who love you.”
The expression “cut off the names of idols” could be translated as “get rid of pagan idols so that they are not even remembered” or “cause people to stop worshiping false gods” or “completely destroy all idols so that people no longer even think about them.”

(See also: call)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5344, H7121, H7761, H8034, H8036, G2564, G3686, G3687, G5122

parable

Key Terms :: parable

Definition:

The term “parable” usually refers to a short story or object lesson that is used to explain or teach a moral truth.

Jesus used parables to teach his disciples. Although he also told parables to the crowds of people, he did not always explain the parable.
A parable could be used to reveal truth to his disciples while hiding that truth from people like the Pharisees who did not believe in Jesus.
The prophet Nathan told David a parable to show the king his terrible sin.
The story of the Good Samaritan is an example of a parable that is a story. Jesus’ comparison of old and new wineskins is an example of a parable that was an object lesson to help the disciples understand Jesus’ teachings.

(See also: Samaria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1819, H4912, G3850, G3942

pastor

Key Terms :: pastor

Definition:

The term “pastor” is literally the same word as “shepherd.” It is used as a title for someone who is the spiritual leader for a group of believers.

In English Bible versions, “pastor” only occurs one time, in the book of Ephesians. It is the same word as is translated as “shepherd” elsewhere.
In some languages, the word for “pastor” is the same as the word for “shepherd.”
It is also the same word as is used to refer to Jesus as the “good Shepherd.”

Translation Suggestions:

It is best to translate this term with the word for “shepherd” in the project language.
Other ways to translate this term could include “spiritual shepherd” or “shepherding Christian leader.”

(See also: shepherd, sheep)

Bible References:

Ephesians 4:11-13

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7462, G4166

people of God

Key Terms :: people of God

Definition:

The concept of the “people of God” in the Bible refers to people with whom God has established a covenant relationship.

In the Old Testament, the phrase “people of God” refers to the nation of Israel. The nation of Israel was chosen by God and set apart from the other nations of the world in order to serve and obey him.
In the New Testament, the phrase “people of God” refers to the “Church,” meaning everyone who believes in Jesus. This includes both Jews and Gentiles. In the New Testament, sometimes this group of people is called the “sons of God” or “children of God.”
When God uses the phrase “my people,” he is referring to people who have a covenant relationship with him. God’s people are chosen by him, and he wants them to live in a way that is pleasing to him.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “people of God” could be translated as “God’s people” or “the people who worship God” or “people who serve God” or “people who belong to God.”
When God says “my people” other ways to translate it could include “the people I have chosen” or “the people who worship me” or “the people who belong to me.”
Similarly, “your people” could be translated as “the people who belong to you” or “the people you chose to belong to you.”
Also “his people” could be translated as “the people who belong to him” or “the people God chose to belong to himself.”

(See also: Israel, people group)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H430, H5971, G2316, G2992

perish

Key Terms :: perish

Definition:

The term “perish” means to die or be destroyed, usually as the result of violence or disaster. In the New Testament, it often has the spiritual meaning of being lost or separated from the people of God.

Spiritual Meaning of “Perish:”

People who are “perishing” are those who have refused to trust in Jesus for their salvation.
Those who “perish” will not live eternally with God in heaven. Instead, they will live eternally in hell under God’s punishment.
Everyone will die physically, but only those who do not trust in Jesus for their salvation will perish eternally.
When “perish” is used in a spiritual sense, make sure that your translation expresses this differently than dying physically.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, ways to translate this term could include “be lost from God’s people,” “die eternally,” “be punished in hell,” or “be destroyed.”
Try to use a term or expression that does not only mean “die physically” or “cease to exist.”

(See also: death, everlasting)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0006, H0007, H0008, H1478, H1820, H1826, H5486, H5595, H6544, H8045, G0599, G0622, G0684, G0853, G1311, G2704, G4881, G5356

predestine, predestined

Key Terms :: predestine, predestined

Definition:

The terms “predestine” and “predestined” refer to deciding or planning beforehand that something will happen.

This term especially refers to God predestining people to receive eternal life.
Sometimes the word “foreordain” is used, which also means to decide beforehand.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “predestine” could also be translated as “decide before” or “decide ahead of time.”
The term “predestined” could be translated as “decided long ago” or “planned ahead of time” or “decided beforehand.”
A phrase such as “predestined us” could be translated as “decided long ago that we” or “already decided ahead of time that we.”
Note that the translation of this term should be different from the translation of the term “foreknew.”

(See also: foreknew)

Bible References:

1 Corinthians 2:6-7

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4309

propitiation

Key Terms :: propitiation

Definition:

The term “propitiation” refers to a sacrifice that is made to satisfy or fulfill the justice of God and to appease his wrath.

The offering of the sacrificial blood of Jesus Christ is the propitiation to God for mankind’s sins.
Jesus’ death on the cross appeased God’s wrath against sin. This provided a way for God to look on people with favor and offer them eternal life.

Translation Suggestions:

This term could be translated as “appeasement” or “causing God to forgive sins and grant favor to people.”
The word “atonement” is close in meaning to “propitiation.” It is important to compare how these two terms are used.

(See also: atonement, everlasting, forgive, sacrifice)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2434, G2435

psalm

Key Terms :: psalm

Definition:

The term “psalm” refers to a sacred song, often in the form of a poem that was written to be sung.

The Old Testament Book of Psalms has a collection of these songs written by King David and other Israelites such as Moses, Solomon, and Asaph, among others.
The psalms were used by the nation of Israel in their worship of God.
Psalms can be used to express joy, faith, and reverence, as well as pain and sorrow.
In the New Testament, Christians are instructed to sing psalms to God as a way of worshiping him.

(See also: David, faith, joy, Moses, holy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2158, H2167, H4210, G5567, G5568

pure, purify, purification

Key Terms :: pure, purify, purification

Definition:

To be “pure” means to have no flaw or to have nothing mixed in that is not supposed to be there. To purify something is to cleanse it and remove anything that contaminates or pollutes it.

In regard to Old Testament laws, “purify” and “purification” refer mainly to the cleansing from things that make an object or a person ritually unclean, such as disease, body fluids, or childbirth.
The Old Testament also had laws telling people how to be purified from sin, usually by the sacrifice of an animal. This was only temporary and the sacrifices had to be repeated over and over again.
In the New Testament, to be purified often refers to being cleansed from sin.
The only way that people can be completely and permanently purified from sin is through repenting and receiving God’s forgiveness, through trusting in Jesus and his sacrifice.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “purify” could be translated as “make pure” or “cleanse” or “cleanse from all contamination” or “get rid of all sin.”
A phrase such as “when the time for their purification was over” could be translated as “when they had purified themselves by waiting the required number of days.”
The phrase “provided purification for sins” could be translated as “provided a way for people to be completely cleansed from their sin.”
Other ways to translate “purification” could include “cleansing” or “spiritual washing” or “becoming ritually clean.”

(See also: atonement, clean, spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1249, H1252, H1253, H1305, H1865, H2134, H2135, H2141, H2212, H2398, H2403, H2561, H2889, H2890, H2891, H2892, H2893, H3795, H3800, H4795, H5343, H5462, H6337, H6884, H6942, H8562, G48, G49, G53, G54, G1506, G2511, G2512, G2513, G2514

ransom, ransomed

Key Terms :: ransom, ransomed

Definition:

The term “ransom” refers to a sum of money or other payment that is demanded or paid for the release of a person who is held captive.

As a verb, to “ransom” means to make a payment or to do something self-sacrificially in order to rescue someone who has been captured, enslaved or imprisoned. This meaning of “buy back” is similar to the meaning of “redeem.”
Jesus allowed himself to be killed as a ransom to free sinful people from their enslavement to sin. This act of God buying back his people through paying the penalty of their sin is also called “redemption” in the Bible.

Translation Suggestions:

The term to “ransom” could also be translated as to “pay to release” or to “pay a price to free” or to “buy back.”
The phrase to “pay a ransom” could be translated as to “pay the price (of freedom)” or to “pay the penalty (to free people)” or to “make the required payment.”
The noun “ransom” could be translated as “a buying back” or “a penalty paid” or “the price paid” (to free or buy back people or land).
The terms a “ransom” and a “redemption” have the same meaning in English but are sometimes used slightly differently. Other languages may have only one term for this concept.
Make sure this is translated differently from “atonement.”

(See also: atonement, redeem)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1350, H3724, H6299, H6306, G487, G3083

reconcile, reconciled, reconciliation

Key Terms :: reconcile, reconciled, reconciliation

Definition:

To “reconcile” and “reconciliation” refer to “make peace” between people who were formerly enemies of each other. “Reconciliation” is that act of making peace

In the Bible, this term usually refer to Gods reconciling people to himself through the sacrifice of his Son, Jesus Christ.
Because of sin, all human beings are God’s enemies. But because of his compassionate love, God provided a way for people to be reconciled to him through Jesus.
Through trusting in Jesus’ sacrifice as payment for their sin, people can be forgiven and have peace with God.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “reconcile” could be translated as “make peace” or “restore good relations” or “cause to be friends.”
The term “reconciliation” could be translated as “restoring good relations” or “making peace” or “causing peaceful relating.”

(See also: peace, sacrifice)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2398, H3722, G604, G1259, G2433, G2643, G2644

redeem, redeemer, redemption

Key Terms :: redeem, redeemer, redemption

Definition:

The term “redeem” refers to buying back something or someone that has been previously owned or held captive. A “redeemer” is someone who redeems something or someone.

God gave laws to the Israelites about how to redeem people or things. For example, someone could redeem a person who was in slavery by paying the price so that the slave could go free. The word “ransom” also refers to this practice.
If someone’s land had been sold, a relative of that person could “redeem” or “buy back” that land so that it would stay in the family.
These practices show how God redeems people who are in slavery to sin. When he died on the cross, Jesus paid the full price for people’s sins and redeemed all those who trust in him for salvation. People who have been redeemed by God are set free from sin and its punishment.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, the term “redeem” could also be translated as “buy back” or “pay to free (someone)” or “ransom.”
The term “redemption” could be translated as “ransom” or “freedom payment” or “buying back.”
The words “ransom” and “redeem” have basically the same meaning, so some languages may have only one term to translate both these words. The word “ransom,” however, can also mean the payment necessary to “redeem” something or someone. The term “redeem” never refers to the actual payment itself.

(See also: free, ransom)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1350, H1353, H6299, H6302, H6304, H6306, H6561, H7069, G59, G629, G1805, G3084, G3085

remnant

Key Terms :: remnant

Definition:

The term “remnant” literally refers to people or things that are “remaining” or “left over” from a larger amount or group.

Often a “remnant” refers to people who survive a life-threatening situation or who remain faithful to God while undergoing persecution.
Isaiah referred to a group of Jews as being a remnant who would survive attacks from outsiders and live to return to the Promised Land in Canaan.
Paul talks about there being a “remnant” of people who were chosen by God to receive his grace.
The term “remnant” also implies that there were other people who did not remain or were not left over.

Translation Suggestions:

A phrase such as “the remnant of this people” could be translated as “the rest of these people” or “the people who are left.”
The “whole remnant of people” could be translated by “all the rest of the people” or “the remaining people.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3498, H3499, H5629, H6413, H7604, H7605, H7611, H8281, H8300, G2640, G3005, G3062

restore, restoration

Key Terms :: restore, restoration

Definition:

The terms “restore” and “restoration” refer to causing something to return to its original place or condition.

When a diseased body part is restored, this means it has been “healed.”
A broken relationship that is restored has been “reconciled.” God restores sinful people and brings them back to himself.
If people have been restored to their home country, they have been “brought back” or “returned” to that country.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, ways to translate “restore” could include “renew” or “repay” or “return” or “heal” or “bring back.”
Other expressions for this term could be “make new” or “make like new again.”
When property is “restored,” it has been “repaired” or “replaced” or “given back” to its owner.
Depending on the context, “restoration” could be translated as “renewal” or “healing” or “reconciliation.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7725, H7999, H8421, G600, G2675

reveal, revealed, revelation

Key Terms :: reveal, revealed, revelation

Definition:

The term “reveal” means to cause something to be known. A “revelation” is something that has been made known.

God has revealed himself through everything he has created and through his communication with people by spoken and written messages.
God also reveals himself through dreams or visions.
When Paul said that he received the gospel by “revelation from Jesus Christ,” he means that Jesus himself explained the gospel to him.
In the New Testament book “Revelation” is about God revealed events that will happen in the end times. He revealed them to the apostle John through visions.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate “reveal” could include “make known” or “disclose” or “show clearly.”
Depending on the context, possible ways to translate “revelation” could be “communication from God” or “things that God has revealed” or “teachings about God.” It is best to keep the meaning of “reveal” in the translation.
The phrase “where there is no revelation” could be translated as “when God is not revealing himself to people” or “when God is not speaking to people” or “among people whom God has not communicating.”

(See also: good news, good news, dream, vision)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H241, H1540, H1541, G601, G602, G5537

right hand

Key Terms :: right hand

Definition:

The term “right hand” refers to the hand on the right side of a person’s body. In the Bible, the term is often used figuratively to refer to other body parts on a person’s right side, to the direction of a person’s right, to the direction south, or to a place of honor or strength on the right side of a ruler or other important individual.

The right hand can be used figuratively as a symbol of power, authority, or strength.
The Bible describes Jesus as sitting “at the right hand of” God the Father as the head of the body of believers (the Church) and in control as ruler of all creation.
A person’s right hand was used to show special honor when placed on the head of someone being given a blessing (as when the patriarch Jacob blessed Joseph’s son Ephraim).
To “serve at the right hand” of someone means to be the one whose service is especially helpful and important to that person.

Translation Suggestions:

Sometimes the term “right hand” literally refers to a person’s right hand, as when Roman soldiers put a staff into Jesus’ right hand to mock him. This should be translated using the term that the language uses to refer to this hand.
Regarding figurative uses, if an expression that includes the term “right hand” does not have the same meaning in the project language, then consider whether that language has a different expression with the same meaning.
The expression “at the right hand of” could be translated as “on the right side of” or “in the place of honor beside” or “in the position of strength” or “ready to help.”
Ways to translate “with his right hand” could include “with authority” or “using power” or “with his amazing strength.”
The figurative expression “his right hand and his mighty arm” uses two ways of emphasizing God’s power and great strength. One way to translate this expression could be “his amazing strength and mighty power.” (See: parallelism
The expression “their right hand is falsehood” could be translated as “even the most honorable thing about them is corrupted by lies” or “their place of honor is corrupted by deception” or “they use lies to make themselves powerful.”

(See also: accuse, evil, honor, mighty, punish, rebel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3225, H3231, H3233, G1188

saint

Key Terms :: saint

Definition:

The term “saints” literally means “holy ones” and refers to believers in Jesus.

Later in church history, a person known for his good works was given the title “saint,” but that was not how this term was used during New Testament times.
Believers in Jesus are saints or holy ones, not because of what they have done, but rather because of their faith in the saving work of Jesus Christ. He is the one who makes them holy.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate “saints” could include “holy ones” or “holy people” or “holy believers in Jesus” or “set apart ones.”
Be careful not to use a term that refers to people of only one Christian group.

(See also: holy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2623, H6918, H6922, G40

sanctify, sanctification

Key Terms :: sanctify, sanctification

Definition:

To sanctify is to set apart or to make holy. Sanctification is the process of being made holy.

In the Old Testament, certain people and things were sanctified, or set apart, for service to God.
The New Testament teaches that God sanctifies people who believe in Jesus. That is, he makes them holy and sets them apart to serve him.
Believers in Jesus are also commanded to sanctify themselves to God, to be holy in everything they do.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, the term “sanctify” can be translated as “set apart” or “make holy” or “purify.”
When people sanctify themselves, they purify themselves and dedicate themselves to God’s service. Often the word “consecrate” is used in the Bible with this meaning.
When its meaning is “consecrate,” this term could be translated as “dedicate someone (or something) to God’s service.”
Depending on the context, the phrase “your sanctification” could be translated as “making you holy” or “setting you apart (for God)” or “what makes you holy.”

(See also: consecrate, holy, set apart)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6942, G37, G38

sanctuary

Key Terms :: sanctuary

Definition:

The term “sanctuary” literally means “holy place” and refers to a place that God has made sacred and holy. It also can refer to a place that provides protection and safety.

In the Old Testament, the term “sanctuary” was often used to refer to the tabernacle or temple building where the “holy place” and “most holy place” were located.
God referred to the sanctuary as the place where he lived among his people, the Israelites.
He also called himself a “sanctuary” or safe place for his people where they can find protection.

Translation Suggestions:

This term has a basic meaning of “holy place” or “place that is set apart.”
Depending on the context, the term “sanctuary” could be translated as “holy place” or “sacred building” or “God’s holy dwelling place” or “holy place of protection” or “sacred place of safety.”
The phrase “shekel of the sanctuary” could be translated as “kind of shekel given for the tabernacle” or “shekel used in paying the tax to take care of the temple.”
Note: Be careful that the translation of this term does not refer to a worship room in a modern-day church.

(See also: holy, Holy Spirit, holy, set apart, tabernacle, tax, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4720, H6944, G39

scribe

Key Terms :: scribe

Definition:

Scribes were officials who were responsible for writing or copying important government or religious documents by hand. Another name for a Jewish scribe was “expert in Jewish law.”

Scribes were responsible for copying and preserving the books of the Old Testament.
They also copied, preserved, and interpreted religious opinions and commentary on the law of God.
At times, scribes were important government officials.
Important biblical scribes include Baruch and Ezra.
In the New Testament, the term translated “scribes” was also translated as “teachers of the Law.”
In the New Testament, scribes were usually part of the religious group called the “Pharisees,” and the two groups were frequently mentioned together.

(See also: law, Pharisee)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5608, H5613, H7083, G1122

set apart

Key Terms :: set apart

Definition:

The term “set apart” means separated from something to fulfill a certain purpose. Also, to “set apart” some person or thing means to make it “set apart.”

The Israelites were set apart for service to God.
The Holy Spirit commanded the Christians at Antioch to set apart Paul and Barnabas for the work God wanted them to do.
A believer who is “set apart” for service to God is “dedicated to” fulfilling God’s will.
One meaning of the term “holy” is to be set apart as belonging to God and being separated from the sinful ways of the world.
To “sanctify” someone means to set apart that person for God’s service.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate to “set apart” could include to “specially select” or to “separate from among you” or to “take aside to do a special task.”
To “be set apart” could be translated as “be separated (from)” or “be specially appointed (for).”

(See also: holy, sanctify, appoint)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2764, H4390, H5674, H6918, H6942, H6944, G37, G38, G40, G873

sign, proof, reminder

Key Terms :: sign, proof, reminder

Definition:

The term “sign” usually refers an object, event, or action that communicates a special meaning.

In the Bible, signs are sometimes given in connection to a promise or covenant that God has made:
- The book of Genesis describes the rainbow God created in the sky as a sign (or reminder) to himself that he has promised he will never again destroy all life with a worldwide flood.
- In the book of Genesis, God commanded the Israelites to circumcise their sons as a sign (or indicator) of the fact that he had made his covenant with them.
Signs can reveal or point to something:
- The book of Luke describes that an angel gave shepherds a sign that would help them know which baby in Bethlehem was the newborn Messiah.
- Judas kissed Jesus as a sign to the religious leaders that Jesus was the one they should arrest.
Signs can prove that something is true:
- The book of Exodus describes the plagues that destroyed Egypt as signs that showed who Yahweh was and proved that he was greater than Pharaoh and the Egyptian gods.
- The book of Acts describes the miracles performed by the prophets and apostles as signs that proved they were speaking God’s message.
- The book of John describes the miracles that Jesus performed as signs that proved he was truly the Messiah.

Translation Suggestions:

The frequent expression “signs and wonders” could be translated as “proofs and miracles” or “miraculous works that prove God’s power” or “amazing miracles that show how great God is.”
Depending on its context, “sign” could also be translated as “signal” or “symbol” or “mark” or “evidence” or “proof” or “gesture.”
To “make signs with the hands” could also be translated as “motion with the hands” or “gesture with the hands” or “make gestures.”
In some languages, there may be one word for a “sign” that proves something and a different word for a “sign” that is a miracle.

(See also: miracle, apostle, Christ, covenant, circumcise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0226, H0852, H2368, H2858, H4150, H4159, H4864, H5251, H5824, H6161, H6725, H6734, H7560, G0364, G0880, G1213, G1229, G1718, G1730, G1732, G1770, G3902, G4102, G4591, G4592, G4953, G4973, G5280

sons of God, children of God

Key Terms :: sons of God, children of God

Definition:

The term “sons of God” is a figurative expression that has several possible meanings.

In the New Testament, the term “sons of God” refers to all believers in Jesus and is often translated as “children of God” since it includes both males and females.
This use of the term speaks of a relationship with God that is like the relationship between a human son and his father, with all the privileges associated with being sons.
Some people interpret the term “sons of God” that appears in Genesis 6 to mean fallen angels—evil spirits or demons. Others think it may refer to powerful political rulers or to the descendants of Seth.
In the New Testament, the term “sons of God” refers to all believers in Jesus and is often translated as “children of God” since it includes both males and females.
This use of the term speaks of a relationship with God that is like the relationship between human sons and their father, with all the privileges associated with being sons.
The title “Son of God” is a different term: it refers to Jesus, who is God’s only Son.

Translation Suggestions:

When “sons of God” refers to believers in Jesus, it could be translated as “children of God.”
In Genesis 6:2 and 4 ways to translate “sons of God” could include “angels,” “spirit beings,” “supernatural creatures,” or “demons.”
Also see the link for “son.”

(See also: angel, demon, son, Son of God, ruler, spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H430, H1121, G5207, G5043

soul, self, person

Key Terms :: soul, self, person

Definition:

The term “soul” can either refer generally to the non-physical part of a person or refer specifically to a person’s awareness of themselves as a person distinct from others.

In the Bible, the terms “soul” and “spirit” may be two different concepts, or they may be two terms that refer to the same concept.
When a person dies, his soul leaves his body.
In contrast to the body, the “soul” can be spoken of as the part of a person that “relates to God.”
The word “soul” is sometimes used figuratively to refer to the whole person. For example, “the soul who sins” means “the person who sins” and “my soul is tired” means “I am tired.”

Translation Suggestions:

The term “soul” could also be translated as “inner self” or “inner person.”
In some contexts, “my soul” could be translated as “I” or “me.”
Usually the phrase “the soul” can be translated as “the person” or “he” or “him,” depending on the context.
Some languages might only have one word for the concepts “soul” and “spirit.”
In Hebrews 4:12, the figurative phrase “dividing soul and spirit” could mean “deeply discerning or exposing the inner person.”

(See also: spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5082, H5315, H5397, G5590

stone, stoning

Key Terms :: stone, stoning

Definition:

A stone is a small rock. To “stone” someone is to throw stones and larger rocks at that person with the intention of killing him. A “stoning” is an event in which someone was stoned.

In ancient times, stoning was a common method of executing people as punishment for crimes they had committed.
God commanded the Israelite leaders to stone people for certain sins, such as adultery.
In the New Testament, Jesus forgave a woman caught in adultery and stopped people from stoning her.
Stephen, who was the first person in the Bible to be killed for testifying about Jesus, was stoned to death.
In the city of Lystra, the apostle Paul was stoned, but he did not die from his wounds.

(See also: adultery, commit, crime, death, Lystra, testimony)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H68, H69, H810, H1382, H1496, H1530, H2106, H2672, H2687, H2789, H4676, H4678, H5553, H5601, H5619, H6344, H6443, H6697, H6864, H6872, H7275, H7671, H8068, G2642, G2991, G3034, G3035, G3036, G3037, G4074, G4348, G5586

synagogue

Key Terms :: synagogue

Definition:

A synagogue is a building where Jewish people meet together to worship God.

Since ancient times, a synagogue’s services have included times of prayer, scripture reading, and teaching about the scriptures.
The Jews originally started building synagogues as places to pray and worship God in their own cities, because many of them lived far away from the temple in Jerusalem.
Jesus often taught in synagogues and healed people there.
The word “synagogue” can be used figuratively to refer to the group of people meeting there.

(See also: heal, Jerusalem, Jew, pray, temple, word of God, worship)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4150, G656, G752, G4864

tabernacle

Key Terms :: tabernacle

Definition:

The tabernacle was a special tent-like structure where the Israelites worshiped God during the 40 years they traveled around in the desert.

God had given the Israelites detailed instructions for building this large tent, which had two rooms and was surrounded by an enclosed courtyard.
Each time the Israelites moved to a different place in the desert to live, the priests would take the tabernacle apart and carry it to their next campsite. Then they would set it up again in the center of their new camp.
The tabernacle was constructed of wood frames hung with curtains made of cloth, goat hair, and animal skins. The courtyard surrounding it was enclosed with more curtains.
The two sections of the tabernacle were the Holy Place (where the altar for burning incense was located) and the Most Holy Place (where the ark of the covenant was kept).
The courtyard of the tabernacle had an altar for burning animal sacrifices and a special washbasin for ritual cleansing.
The Israelites stopped using the tabernacle when the temple was built in Jerusalem by Solomon.

Translation Suggestions:

The word “tabernacle” means “dwelling place.” Other ways to translate it could include, “sacred tent” or “tent where God was” or “God’s tent.”
Make sure that the translation of this term is different from the translation of “temple.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H168, H4908, H5520, H5521, H5522, H7900, G4633, G4634, G4636, G4638

test, tested, testing, testing in the fire

Key Terms :: test, tested, testing, testing in the fire

Definition:

The term “test” refers to a difficult or painful experience that reveals a person’s strengths and weaknesses.

God tests people, but he does not tempt them to sin. Satan, however, tempts people to sin.
God sometimes uses tests to expose people’s sin. A test helps a person to turn away from sin and to draw closer to God.
Gold and other metals are tested with fire to find out how pure and strong they are. This is a picture of how God uses painful circumstances to test his people.
To “put to the test” can mean, “challenge something or someone to prove its value.”
In the context of putting God to the test, it means to try to make him do a miracle for us, taking advantage of his mercy.
Jesus told Satan that it is wrong to put God to the test. He is the almighty, holy God who is above everything and everyone.

Translation Suggestions:

The term to “test” could also be translated as, to “challenge” or to “cause to experience difficulties” or to “prove.”
Ways to translate “a test” could be, “a challenge” or “a difficult experience.”
To “put to the test” could be translated as to “test” or to “set up a challenge” or to “force to prove oneself.”
In the context of testing God, this could be translated as “trying to force God to prove his love.”
In some contexts, when God is not the subject, the term “test” can mean “tempt.”

(See also: tempt)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5254, H5713, H5715, H5749, H6030, H8584, G1242, G1263, G1303, G1382, G1957, G3140, G3141, G3142, G3143, G3984, G4303, G4451, G4828, G6020

tetrarch

Key Terms :: tetrarch

Definition:

The term “tetrarch” refers to a governing official who ruled over part of the Roman Empire. Each tetrarch was under the authority of the Roman emperor.

The title “tetrarch” means “one of four joint rulers.”
Starting under the Emperor Diocletian, there were four major divisions of the Roman Empire and each tetrarch ruled one division.
The kingdom of of Herod “the Great,” who was king at the time of the birth of Jesus, was divided into four sections after his death, and ruled by his sons as “tetrarchs,” or “rulers of a fourth.”
Each division had one or more smaller parts called “provinces,” such as Galilee or Samaria.
“Herod the tetrarch” is mentioned several times in the New Testament. He is also known as “Herod Antipas.”
The term “tetrarch” could also be translated as “regional governor” or “provincial ruler” or “ruler” or “governor.”

(See also: governor, Herod Antipas, province, Rome, ruler)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5075, G5076

the twelve, the eleven

Key Terms :: the twelve, the eleven

Definition:

The term “the twelve” refers to the twelve men that Jesus chose to be his closest disciples, or apostles. After Judas killed himself, they were called “the eleven.”

Jesus had many other disciples, but the title “the twelve” distinguished those who were apparently closest to Jesus.
The names of these twelve disciples are listed in Matthew 10, Mark 3, and Luke 6.
Some time after Jesus had returned to heaven, “the eleven” chose a disciple named Matthias to take Judas’ place. Then they were called “the twelve” again.

Translation Suggestions:

For many languages it may be clearer or more natural to add the noun and say, “the twelve apostles” or “Jesus’ twelve closest disciples.”
“The eleven” could also be translated as “Jesus’ eleven remaining disciples.”
Some translations may prefer to use a capital letter to show that it was used as a title, as in “the Twelve” and “the Eleven.”

(See also: apostle, disciple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1427, G1733

to minister, ministry

Key Terms :: to minister, ministry

Definition:

In the Bible, the term “ministry” refers to serving others by teaching them about God and caring for their spiritual needs.

In the Old Testament, the priests would “minister” to God in the temple by offering sacrifices to him.
Their “ministry” also included taking care of the temple and offering prayers to God on behalf of the people.
The job of “ministering” to people can include serving them spiritually by teaching them about God.
It can also refer to serving people in physical ways, such as caring for the sick and providing food for the poor.

Translation Suggestions:

In the context of ministering to people, to “minister” could also be translated as to “serve” or to “care for” or to “meet the needs of.”
When referring to ministering in the temple, the term “minister” could be translated as “serve God in the temple” or “offer sacrifices to God for the people.”
In the context of ministering to God, this could be translated as to “serve” or to “work for God.”
The phrase “ministered to” could also be translated as “took care of” or “provided for” or “helped.”

(See also: serve, sacrifice)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6399, H8120, H8334, H8335, G1247, G1248, G1249, G2023, G2038, G2418, G3008, G3009, G3010, G3011, G3930, G5256, G5257, G5524

transgress, transgression

Key Terms :: transgress, transgression

Definition:

The term “transgress” means to cross a line or to violate a boundary. The term is often used figuratively, meaning to break a command, rule, or moral code.

This term is very similar to the word “trespass,” but is generally used more often to describe violations against God than against other people.
To “transgress” can also be described as to “cross a line,” that is, to go beyond a limit or boundary that has been set for the good of the person and others.

Translation Suggestions:

To “trangress” could be translated as to “sin” or to “disobey” or to “rebel.”
If a verse or passage uses two terms that mean “sin” or “transgress” or “trespass,” it is important, if possible, to use different ways to translate these terms. When the Bible uses two or more terms with similar meanings in the same context, usually its purpose is to emphasize what is being said or to show its importance.

(See: parallelism

(See also: disobey, sin, trespass, iniquity)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H898, H4603, H4604, H6586, H6588, G458, G459, G3845, G3847, G3848, G3928

trespass

Key Terms :: trespass

Definition:

The term “trespass” means to cross a line or to violate a boundary. This term is often used figuratively, meaning to break a law or to violate the rights of another person.

This term is very similar to the word “transgression,” but is generally used more often to describe violations against other people than against God.
A trespass can be a violation of a moral law or a civil law.
A trespass can also be a sin committed against another person.
This term is related to the terms “sin” and “transgress,” especially as it relates to disobeying God. All sins are trespasses against God.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, to “trespass against” could be translated as to “sin against” or to “break the rule.”
Some languages may have an expression like “cross the line” that could be used to translate “trespass.”
Consider how this term fits with the meaning of the surrounding Bible text and compare it to other terms that have a similar meaning, such as “transgress” and “sin.”

(See also: disobey, iniquity, sin, transgress)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H816, H817, H819, H2398, H4603, H4604, H6586, H6588, G264, G3900

unleavened bread

Key Terms :: unleavened bread

Definition:

The term “unleavened bread” refers to bread that is made without yeast or other leavening. This kind of bread is flat because it has no leaven to make it rise.

When God freed the Israelites from slavery in Egypt, he told them to flee Egypt quickly without waiting for their bread to rise. So they ate unleavened bread with their meal. Since then unleavened bread is used in their yearly Passover celebrations to remind them of that time.
Since leaven sometimes is used as a picture of sin, “unleavened bread” represents the removal of sin from a person’s life in order to live in a way that honors God.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate this term could include “bread with no yeast” or “flat bread that did not rise.”
Make sure the translation of this term is consistent with how you translate the term “yeast, leaven.”
In some contexts, the term “unleavened bread” refers to the “Feast of Unleavened Bread” and can be translated that way.

(See also: bread, Egypt, feast, Passover, servant, sin, yeast)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4682, G106

vow

Key Terms :: vow

Definition:

A “vow” is a solemn promise or oath that a person makes to God.

If a person in ancient Israel made a vow to God, that person was obligated to fulfill the vow. The ancient Israelites believed that God might punish a person who did not fulfill a vow that he made.
In ancient Israel, sometimes a person would ask God to protect him or provide for him in exchange for making the vow. However, the ancient Israelites did not believe that God was obligated to fulfill these requests.
Depending on the context, the term “vow” can be translated as “solemn promise” or “solemn oath” or “promise made to God.”

(See also: promise, oath)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5087, H5088, G2171

will of God

Key Terms :: will of God

Definition:

The “will of God” refers to God’s desires and plans.

God’s will especially relates to his interactions with people and how he wants people to respond to him.
It also refers to his plans or desires for the rest of his creation.
The term to “will” means to “determine” or to “desire.”

Translation Suggestions:

The “will of God” could also be translated as “what God desires” or “what God has planned” or “God’s purpose” or “what is pleasing to God.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6310, H6634, H7522, G1012, G1013, G2307, G2308, G2309, G2596

woe

Key Terms :: woe

Definition:

The term “woe” refers to a feeling of great distress. It also gives a warning that someone will experience severe trouble.

The expression “woe to” is followed by a warning to people that they will experience suffering as punishment for their sins.
In several places in the Bible, the word “woe” is repeated, to emphasize an especially terrible judgment.
A person who says “woe is me” or “woe to me” is expressing sorrow about severe suffering.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, the term “woe” could also be translated as “great sorrow” or “sadness” or “calamity” or “disaster.”
Other ways to translate the expression “Woe to (name of city)” could include, “How terrible it will be for (name of city)” or “The people in (that city) will be severely punished” or “Those people will suffer greatly.”
The expression, “Woe is me!” or “Woe to me!” could be translated as “How sad I am!” or “I am so sad!” or “How terrible this is for me!”
The expression “Woe to you” could also be translated as “You will suffer terribly” or “You will experience terrible troubles.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H188, H190, H337, H480, H1929, H1945, H1958, G3759

work, works, deeds

Key Terms :: work, works, deeds

Definition:

The term “work” refers generally either to the action of expending effort in order to accomplish something, or to the result of that action. The term “works” refers generally to actions as a whole (that is, things that have been done or that need to be done).

In the Bible, these terms are commonly used both in reference to God and humans.
When used in reference to God, the term “work” in the Bible often refers to God’s action of creating the universe or saving his people (either from enemies, from sin, or both).
God’s works refer to all the things he does or has done, including creating the world, saving sinners, providing for the needs of all creation and keeping the entire universe in place.
The works or deeds that a person does can be either good or evil.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate “works” could be “deeds” or “actions” or “things that are done.”
God’s “works” or “deeds” or the “work of his hands” could also be translated as “miracles” or “mighty acts” or “things that God does.”
The expression “the work of God” could be translated as “the things that God is doing” or “the miracles God does” or “everything that God has accomplished.”
The term “work” can just be the singular of “works” as in “every good work” or “every good deed.”
When work is done for God or others, it can be translated as “service” or “ministry.”

(See also: fruit, Holy Spirit, miracle)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4399, H4566, H4567, H4611, H4659, H5949, G2041

world, worldly

Key Terms :: world, worldly

Definition:

The term “world” usually refers to the part of the universe where people live: the earth. The term “worldly” describes the evil values and behaviors of people living in this world.

In its most general sense, the term “world” refers to the heavens and the earth, as well as everything in them.
In many contexts, “world” actually means “people in the world.”
Sometimes it is implied that this refers to the evil people on earth or the people who do not obey God.
The apostles also used “world” to refer to the selfish behaviors and corrupt values of the people living in this world. This can include self-righteous religious practices which are based on human efforts.
People and things characterized by these values are said to be “worldly.”

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, “world” could also be translated as “universe” or “people of this world” or “corrupt things in the world” or “evil attitudes of people in the world.”
The phrase “all the world” often means “many people” and refers to the people living in a certain region. For example, “all the world came to Egypt” could be translated as “many people from the surrounding countries came to Egypt” or “people from all the countries surrounding Egypt came there.”
Another way to translate “all the world went to their hometown to be registered in the Roman census” would be “many of the people living in regions ruled by the Roman empire went…”
Depending on the context, the term “worldly” could be translated as “evil” or “sinful” or “selfish” or “ungodly” or “corrupt” or “influenced by the corrupt values of people in this world.”
The phrase “saying these things in the world” can be translated as “saying these things to the people of the world.”
In other contexts, “in the world” could also be translated as “living among the people of the world” or “living among ungodly people.”

(See also: corrupt, heaven, Rome, godly)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0776, H2309, H2465, H5769, H8398, G1093, G2886, G2889, G3625

worthy, worth, unworthy, worthless

Key Terms :: worthy, worth, unworthy, worthless

Definition:

The term “worthy” describes someone or something that deserves respect or honor. To “have worth” means to be valuable or important. The term “worthless” means to not have any value.

Being worthy is related to being valuable or having importance
To be “unworthy” means to not be deserving of any special notice.
To not feel worthy means to feel less important than someone else or to not feel deserving of being treated with honor or kindness.
The term “unworthy” and the term “worthless” have related, but different meanings. To be “unworthy” means to not be deserving of any honor or recognition. To be “worthless” means to not have any purpose or value.

Translation Suggestions:

“Worthy” could be translated as “deserving” or “important” or “valuable.”
The word “worth” could be translated as “value” or “importance.”
The phrase to “have worth” could also be translated as to “be valuable” or to “be important.”
The phrase “is worth more than” could be translated as “is more valuable than.”
Depending on the context, the term, “unworthy” could also be translated as “unimportant” or “dishonorable” or “undeserving.”
The term “worthless” could be translated as “with no value” or “with no purpose” or “worth nothing.”

(See also: honor)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H117, H639, H1929, H3644, H4242, H4373, H4392, H4592, H4941, H6994, H7386, H7939, G96, G514, G515, G516, G2425, G2661, G2735

wrath, fury

Key Terms :: wrath, fury

Definition:

Wrath is an intense anger that is sometimes long-lasting. The Bible describes both people and God as experiencing intense anger. When speaking about God’s “wrath,” make sure the word or phrase used to translate this term does not refer to a sinful fit of rage (which might be true of a human person).

In the Bible, “wrath” often refers to God’s righteous judgment of sin and punishment of people who rebel against him.
The “wrath of God” can also refer to his judgment and punishment for sin.
God’s wrath is the righteous penalty for those who do not repent of their sin.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, other ways this term could be translated include “intense anger” or “righteous judgment” or “anger.”
God’s wrath is just and holy. When talking about God’s wrath, make sure the word or phrase used to translate this term does not refer to a sinful human rage.

(See also: judge, sin)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0639, H2197, H2528, H2534, H2740, H3707, H3708, H5678, H7107, H7109, H7110, H7265, H7267, G2372, G3709, G3949, G3950

zeal, zealous

Key Terms :: zeal, zealous

Definition:

The terms “zeal” and “zealous” refer to being strongly devoted to supporting a person or idea.

Zeal includes having strong desire and actions that promote a good cause. It is often used to describe someone who faithfully obeys God and teaches others to do that too.
Being zealous includes putting intense effort into doing something and continuing to persevere in that effort.
The “zeal of the Lord” or the “zeal of Yahweh” refers to God’s strong, persistent actions to bless his people or to see justice done.

Translation Suggestions:

To “be zealous” could also be translated by, “be strongly diligent” or “make an intense effort.”
The term “zeal” could also be translated as “energetic devotion” or “eager determination” or “righteous enthusiasm.”
The phrase, “zeal for your house” could be translated, “strongly honoring your temple” or “fervent desire to take care of your house.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7065, H7068, G2205, G2206, G2207, G6041

،اله ،اله كاذب ،معبودة ، صنم ،وثني، عبادة الاصنام ، وثنية

Key Terms :: ،اله ،اله كاذب ،معبودة ، صنم ،وثني، عبادة الاصنام ، وثنية

التعريف

الاله الكازب ده حاجة الناس بيعبدو بدلا من الاله الوحيد الحقيقي. كلمة “المعبودة” بتوري بالتحديد اله وثني انثي .

الالهه الكاذبة او المعبودات ديل ما موجودين .يهوه براو هو الله
الناس مرات بيعملوا حاجات في شكل اصنام عشان يعبدو كرمز لآلهتهم الكاذبة .
في الكتاب المقدس شعب الله بتحولوا بعيد من طاعته عشان يعبدوا الآلهه الكاذبة .
الشياطين دايما بغشوا الناس عشان يؤمنوا بانو الالهه الكاذبة و الاصنام البيعبدوا عندها قوةا .
كان “بعل” و “داجون” و “موليتش” ديل الهه الثلاثة من بين الالهه الكاذبة الكتيرة الناس كانوا بيعبدوهم في زمن الكتاب المقدس .
“اشيرا” و “ارطاميس” (ديانا) ديل اتنين من الالهه العبدتها الشعوب القديمة .

الصنم ده حاجة بيعملوا الناس عشان يقدروا يعبدوه . حاجة بتوصف “بالوثن” لو كان بشمل انو يدوا الكرم لحاجة تانية غير الالهه الواحد الحقيقي .

الناس بيعملوا الاصنام عشان يمثل الالهه الكاذبة البيعبدوها .
الالهه الكاذبة ديل ما موجودين ،مافي الله تاني غير يهوه .
مرات الشياطين بيعملوا من خلال صنم و بخلوا يكون زي العندو قوة مع انو ما عندو .
عادة بيعملو الاصنام من الحاجات الغالية زي الذهب ، الفضة ، البرونز او الخشب الغالي .
“مملكة الوثنية” بتعني “مملكة الناس البيعبدوا الاصنام” او “مملكة الناس البيعبدوا حاجات ارضية”
كلمة “رمز الصنم” هي كلمة تانية “للصورةالمنحوتة” او “الصنم” .

مقترحات ترجمة

ممكن يكون هناك كلمة ل “إله” أو “إله كاذب” في اللغة أو في الغة القريبة.
يمكن استخدام كلمة “صنم” عشان يوري الآلهة الكازبة .
في الإنجليزي ، حرف "g"الصغير تستخدم عشان يوري الآلهة الكاذبة و حرف “G” الكبير تستخدم عشان يوري الإله الحقيقي الوحيد. برضو لغات تانية بتعمل كده .
خيار آخر هو استخدام كلمة مختلفة تماما عشان يوري الآلهة الكاذبة.
بعض اللغات ممكن تزيد كلمة عشان يحدد إذا كان الاله الكاذب يوصف بأنو ذكر أو أنثى.

(See also: God, Asherah, Baal, Molech, demon, image, kingdom, worship)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

10:2 Through these plagues, God showed Pharaoh that he is more powerful than Pharaoh and all of Egypt’s gods.
13:4 Then God gave them the covenant and said, “I am Yahweh, your God, who saved you from slavery in Egypt. Do not worship other gods.”
14:2 They (Canaanites) worshiped false gods and did many evil things.
16:1 The Israelites began to worship the Canaanite gods instead of Yahweh, the true God.
18:13 But most of Judah’s kings were evil, corrupt, and they worshiped idols. Some of the kings even sacrificed their children to false gods.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H205, H367, H410, H426, H430, H457, H1322, H1544, H1892, H2553, H3649, H4656, H4906, H5236, H5566, H6089, H6090, H6091, H6456, H6459, H6673, H6736, H6754, H7723, H8163, H8251, H8267, H8441, H8655, G1493, G1494, G1495, G1496, G1497, G2299, G2712

ابدية, دائم, ابدي, الى الأبد

Key Terms :: ابدية, دائم, ابدي, الى الأبد

تعريف:

الكلمات “دائم” و “أبدي” عندهم معاني متشابهة شديد وبشيرو لحاجة موجود دائمآ أو يدوم إلى الأبد.

الكلمة “ابدية” بشير لحالة من الوجود الما عندها بداية أو نهاية. ممكن يشير كمان للحياة الما بنتهي أبدآ.
بعد الحياة الموجود على الأرض، البشر حيعيشوا الى الأبد في السماء مع الله أو في الجحيم بعيدًا من الله.
الكلمات “الحياة الأبدية” و “الحياة الدائمة” استخدموا في العهد الجديد عشان يوري الحياة إلى الأبد مع الله في السما.

الكلمة “إلى الأبد” بشير للوقت الما بنتهي.

عبارة “إلى الأبد والأبدي” عندها فكرة الزمن الما بنتهي وبتعبر عن الأبدية أو الحياة الأبدية كيف بكون. باكد أنو حاجة معينة حتحصل دائما أو موجود. بتشير للزمن الما بنتهي أبدا.

مقترحات الترجمة:

طرق الأخرى لترجمة “أبدي” أو “دائم” ممكن يشمل “ما بنتهي” أو “ما بقيف أبدا” أو “يستمر دائما”.
الكلمات “الحياة الأبدية” و “الحياة االدائمة” ممكن يترجمو كمان زي “الحياة الما بنتهي أبدا” أو “الحياة المستمر بدون توقف” أو “قيامة أجسادنا للحياة إلى الأبد”.
على حسب الحالة، طرق مختلفة لترجمة “الأبدية” ممكن تشمل “الموجودة خارج الزمن” أو “الحياة الما بتنتهي” أو “الحياة في السماء”.
خت في بالك كمان كيف بترجمو الكلمة دي في ترجمة الكتاب المقدس للغة المحلية أو الوطنية. (راجع: [How to Translate Unknowns] (rc: // en / ta / man / translate / translate-unknown))
“إلى الأبد” ممكن كمان يترجمو ب"دائما" أو “ما بنتهي أبدا”.
العبارة “حتستمر إلى الأبد” ممكن يترجمو زي “موجود دائما” أو “ما بقيف أبدا” أو “حيستمر دائما”.
العبارة المؤكدة “إلى الأبد والأبدي” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي ل “دائما ودائم” أو “ما بنتهي أبدا” أو “الما بنتهي أبدا”.
عرش داود الدائم إلى الأبد ممكن يترجمو زي “نسل داود حيحكم إلى الأبد” أو “نسل داود حيحكم دائما”.

(See also: David, reign, life)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

27:1 One day, an expert in the Jewish law came to Jesus to test him, saying, “Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?”
28:1 One day, a rich young ruler came up to Jesus and asked him, “Good Teacher, what must I do to have eternal life?” Jesus said to him, “Why do you ask me about what is good? There is only One who is good, and that is God. But if you want to have eternal life, obey God’s laws.”
28:10 Jesus answered, “Everyone who has left houses, brothers, sisters, father, mother, children, or property for my name’s sake, will receive 100 times more and will also receive eternal life.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3117, H4481, H5331, H5703, H5705, H5769, H5865, H5957, H6924, G126, G165, G166, G1336

ابن الله, الأبن

Key Terms :: ابن الله, الأبن

<<<<<<< HEAD

حقائق:

كلمة “ابن الله” بشير ليسوع, كلمة الله, الجاء للعالم كانسان. هو كمان غالبآ بشير ليهو زى “الأبن”.

ابن الله عندو نفس طبيعة الله الأب, و هو الله الكامل.
الله الأب, الله الأبن, و الله الروح القدس كلهم جوهر واحد.
ما زي اولاد البشر، ابن الله دايما موجود.
في البداية, ابن الله كان فعال مع الأب و الروح القدس في خلق الدنيا. لان يسوع هو ابن الله, هو احب و اطاع ابوه, وابوه حباهو.

مقترحات الترجمة:

بالنسبة لكلمة “ابن الله” افضل ان يترجم “ابن” بنفس الكلمةاللغة حيستخدمو طبيعيا عشان يشير لأبن البشر.
تاكد انو الكلمة المستخدمة لترجمة “ابن” مناسب مع الكلمة المستخدمة لترجمة “اب” ، و ان الكلمات ديل هم اكتر الكلمات الطبيعية المستخدمة عشان تعبر عن العلاقةالحقيقية بين الأب والابن في لغة المشروع.
استخدام الحرف الكبير في بداية “ابن” ممكن يساعد بانو دا بتكلم عن الله.
"العبارة “ابن” هو الشكل المختصر من “ابن الله,” خاصة لمن يحصل في نفس الحالة زي “الأب”.

=======

Son of God, the Son

حقائق:

Facts:

كلمة “ابن الله” بشير ليسوع, كلمة الله, الجاء للعالم كانسان. هو كمان غالبآ بشير ليهو زى “الأبن”. The term “Son of God” refers to Jesus, the Word of God, who came into the world as a human being. He is also often referred to as “the Son.”

ابن الله عندو نفس طبيعة الله الأب, و هو الله الكامل.

The Son of God has the same nature as God the Father, and is fully God.

الله الأب, الله الأبن, و الله الروح القدس كلهم جوهر واحد.

God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit are all of one essence.

ما زي اولاد البشر، ابن الله دايما موجود.

Unlike human sons, the Son of God has always existed.

في البداية, ابن الله كان فعال مع الأب و الروح القدس في خلق الدنيا.

In the beginning, the Son of God was active in creating the world, along with the Father and the Holy Spirit.

لان يسوع هو ابن الله, هو احب و اطاع ابوه, وابوه حباهو. Because Jesus is God’s Son, he loves and obeys his Father, and his Father loves him.

مقترحات الترجمة

Translation Suggestions:

بالنسبة لكلمة “ابن الله” افضل ان يترجم “ابن” بنفس الكلمةاللغة حيستخدمو طبيعيا عشان يشير لأبن البشر.

For the term “Son of God,” it is best to translate “Son” with the same word the language would naturally use to refer to a human son.

تاكد انو الكلمة المستخدمة لترجمة “ابن” مناسب مع الكلمة المستخدمة لترجمة “اب” ، و ان الكلمات ديل هم اكتر الكلمات الطبيعية المستخدمة عشان تعبر عن العلاقةالحقيقية بين الأب والابن في لغة المشروع.

Make sure the word used to translate “son” fits with the word used to translate “father” and that these words are the most natural ones used to express a true father-son relationship in the project language.

استخدام الحرف الكبير في بداية “ابن” ممكن يساعد بانو دا بتكلم عن الله.

Using a capital letter to begin “Son” may help show that this is talking about God.

"العبارة “ابن” هو الشكل المختصر من “ابن الله,” خاصة لمن يحصل في نفس الحالة زي “الأب”.

The phrase “the Son” is a shortened form of “the Son of God,” especially when it occurs in the same context as “the Father.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

22:5 The angel explained, “The Holy Spirit will come to you, and the power of God will overshadow you. So the baby will be holy, the Son of God.”
24:9 God had told John, “The Holy Spirit will come down and rest on someone you baptize. That person is the Son of God.”
31:8 The disciples were amazed. They worshiped Jesus, saying to him, “Truly, you are the Son of God.”
37:5 Martha answered, “Yes, Master! I believe you are the Messiah, the Son of God.”
42:10 “So go, make disciples of all people groups by baptizing them in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, and by teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you.”
46:6 Right away, Saul began preaching to the Jews in Damascus, saying, “Jesus is the Son of God!”
49:9 But God loved everyone in the world so much that he gave his only Son so that whoever believes in Jesus will not be punished for his sins, but will live with God forever.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H426, H430, H1121, H1247, G2316, G5207

اخبار سارة, الانجيل

Key Terms :: اخبار سارة, الانجيل

تعريف:

كلمة “انجيل” حرفيآ بيعني “اخبار سارة” و بشير لرسالة او اعلان البكلم الناس عن حاجة بستفيدوا منو و بخليهم مبسوطين.

في الكتاب المقدس, الكلمة دي عادة بتشير لرسالة خلاص الله للناس من خلال ذبيحة يسوع على الصليب.
في معظم الكتب المقدسة الأنجليزية, “الاخبار السارة” عادة بترجموها زي “انجيل” و كمان بستخدمو في تعابير زي “انجيل يسوع المسيح”، “انجيل الله” و “انجيل الملكوت”.

مقترحات الترجمة:

طرق مختلفة لترجمة الكلمة دي ممكن تشمل, “رسالة سارة” او “اعلان سار” او رسالة الله للخلاص" او “الحاجة الكويسة العلمها الله عن يسوع”.
على حسب الحالة, طرق لترجمة العبارة “اخبار سارة ل” يمكن يشمل, “اخبار سارة / رسالةعن” او “رسالة كويسة من” او “الحاجات السمحة الله كلمنا عنو” او “القالو الله عن كيف هو بخلص الناس”.

(See also: kingdom, sacrifice, save)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

23:6 The angel said, “Do not be afraid, because I have some good news for you. The Messiah, the Master, has been born in Bethlehem!”
26:3 Jesus read, “God has given me his Spirit so that I can proclaim good news to the poor, freedom to captives, recovery of sight for the blind, and release to the oppressed. This is the year of the Lord’s favor.”
45:10 Philip also used other Scriptures to tell him the good news of Jesus.
46:10 Then they sent them off to preach the good news about Jesus in many other places.
47:1 One day, Paul and his friend Silas went to the town of Philippi to proclaim the good news about Jesus.
47:13 The good news about Jesus kept spreading, and the Church kept growing.
50:1 For almost 2,000 years, more and more people around the world have been hearing the good news about Jesus the Messiah.
50:2 When Jesus was living on earth he said, “My disciples will preach the good news about the kingdom of God to people everywhere in the world, and then the end will come.”
50:3 Before he returned to heaven, Jesus told Christians to proclaim the good news to people who have never heard it.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2097, G2098, G4283

اختبار، تشهد، شاهد، شاهد عيان

Key Terms :: اختبار، تشهد، شاهد، شاهد عيان

تعريف:

لمن شخص يدي “اختبار” هو بعمل بيان عن حاجة بيعرفه، بعلن أنو البيان دا صحيح. " عشان تشهد" هو انو تدي “اختبار”.

غالبا الشخص “بيشهد” على حاجة اختبره بشكل مباشر.
لشاهد “البيشهد بالكذب” ما بوري الحقيقة الحصلت.
أحيانا كلمة “الشهادة” بتشير لنبوءة القالو النبي.
في العهد الجديد، غالبا الكلمة دا استخدموا عشان يشير كيف اتباع يسوع شهدوا عن أحداث حياة، موت، وقيامة يسوع.

كلمة “شاهد” بتشير لشخص الهو شخصياً اختبر الحاجة الحصلت. عادة الشاهد هو شخص معين كمان بشهد بالحاجة البعرفو أنو صحيح. كلمة “شاهد عيان” ياكد أنو الشخص كان هناك بالفعل وشاف الحصل.

عشان “تشهد” على حاجة يعني تشوفو حصل.
في المحاكمة، الشاهد “بدي شهادة” أو “بيشهد”. دا عندو نفس المعنى زي “يشهد”.
يتوقعو من الشهود أنو يقولوا الحقيقة عن الشافو أو السمعوا.
الشاهد الما بيقول الحقيقة عن الحصل بسمو “الشاهد الكذاب”. بقولوا انو هو “بدي شهادة كاذبة” أو " يحمل شهادة كاذبة".
العبارة “كون شاهد بين” تعني أنو شخص او حاجة معين حيكون شاهد على الاتفاق عملوه. حيتأكد الشاهد من انو كل شخص عمل الوعد بيهو انو يعملو.

مقترحات الترجمة:

الكلمة “شهد” أو “ادة اختبار” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي"قول الحقائق" أو “قول الاتشاف أو الاتسمع” أو “قول عن التجربة الشخصية” أو “قدم دليل” أو “قول الحصل”.
طرق لترجمة “الاختبار” ممكن تشمل “تقرير عن الحصل” أو “بيان عن شنو الحقيقة” أو “الدليل” أو " شنو القالوا" أو “النبوءة”.
عبارة “زي الاختبار ليهم” ممكن يترجمو زي عشان “تبين ليهم شنو هو الصحيح” أو “تثبت ليهم شنو هو الحقيقة”.
عبارة “زي شهادة ضدهم” ممكن يترجمو زي “البظهر خطيئتهم” أو “البكشف كذبهم” أو “البثبت أنو هم على خطا”.
“تقدم شهادة كاذبة” ممكن تترجم زي “قول حاجة كاذبة عن” أو “تذكر حاجة ما صحيحة”.
كلمة “شاهد” أو “شاهد عيان” ممكن يترجمو بكلمة أو عبارة البتعني “الشخص الشافو” أو “الشخص الشافو حصل” أو " ديل هم الشافو وسمعوا (الحاجات ديل)".
الحاجة “البتشهد” ممكن يترجمو زي “ضمان” أو “علامة وعدنا” أو "حاجة بتشهد انو دا صحيح ".
عبارة “حتكون شاهد لي” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “حتكلم ناس تانين عني” أو “حتعلم الناس الحقيقة العلمتك ليهو” أو “حتكلم الناس بالشفتو انا بعملو وسمعتني بعلمو.”
“تشهد على” ممكن يترجمو زي “تقول الاتشاف” أو “تشهد” أو “تزكر الحصل”.
"تشهد"على حاجة ممكن يترجمو زي “تشوف حاجة” أو “تختبر حاجة حصلت”.

(See also: ark of the covenant, guilt, judge, prophet, testimony, true)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

39:2 Inside the house, the Jewish leaders put Jesus on trial. They brought many false witnesses who lied about him.
39:4 The high priest tore his clothes in anger and shouted, “We do not need any more witnesses. You have heard him say that he is the Son of God. What is your judgment?”
42:8 “It was also written in the scriptures that my disciples will proclaim that everyone should repent in order to receive forgiveness for their sins. They will do this starting in Jerusalem, and then go to all people groups everywhere. You are witnesses of these things.”
43:7 “We are witnesses to the fact that God raised Jesus to life again.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5707, H5713, H5715, H5749, H6030, H8584, G267, G1263, G1957, G2649, G3140, G3141, G3142, G3143, G3144, G4303, G4828, G4901, G5575, G5576, G5577, G6020

ارض الموعد

Key Terms :: ارض الموعد

حقائق

كلمة “ارض الموعد” بس ظهر في قصص الكتاب المقدس ومافى النص الكتابي . دي الطريقة البوري ارض كنعان الكان الله وعد انو يديه لابراهيم ونسله .

لمن “ابرام” كان عايش فى مدينة (اور) الله امره عشان يمشي يسكن في ارض كنعان .هو و نسله الإسرائليين عاشو هناك لسنين كتيرة .
لمن المجاعة الشديدة خلت الاكل معدوم في كنعان ، الاسرائيليين رحلوا لمصر .
بعد اربعمائة سنة، الله انقذ الإسرائيليين من العبودية فى مصر و رجعهم تانى لارض كنعان، الارض الوعد انو يديها ليهم .

مقترحات الترجمة

كلمة “ارض الموعد” يمكن يترجمو زي “الارض الله قال بديها لابراهيم” او “الارض الله وعد بيه ابراهيم” او “الارض الله وعد بيها شعبه” او “ارض كنعان”
في نص الكتاب المقدس ، الكلمة دي بتظهر كشكل من أشكال “الأرض الله وعد بيها”.

(See also: Canaan, promise)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

12:1 They (Israelites) were no longer slaves, and they were going to the Promised Land!
14:1 After God had told the Israelites the laws he wanted them to obey as part of his covenant with them, God began leading them from Mount Sinai toward the Promised Land, which was also called Canaan.
14:2 God had promised Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob that he would give the Promised Land to their descendants, but now there were many people groups living there.
14:14 Then God led the people to the edge of the Promised Land again.
15:2 The Israelites had to cross the Jordan River to enter into the Promised Land.
15:12 After this battle, God gave each tribe of Israel its own section of the Promised Land.
20:9 This period of time when God’s people were forced to leave the Promised Land is called the Exile.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0776, H3068, H3423, H5159, H5414, H7650

اسرائيل، اسرائيلين

Key Terms :: اسرائيل، اسرائيلين

قائق

كلمة اسرائيل ده اسم الله اداو ليعقوب .بوري غالبا الامة الجاية منه

اسم اسرائيل ربما بيعني “صارع مع الله”
نسل يعقوب بيقوا معروفين “كأولاد اسرائيل” او “ناس اسرائيل” او “شعب اسرائيل” او “الاسرائيليين”
الله عمل عهده مع شعب اسرائيل .هم كانوا شعبه المختار .
امة اسرائيل تتكون من اثناعشر قبيلة .
بفترة بسيطة بعد موت الملك سليمان تم تقسيم اسرائيل الى مملكتين :المملكة الجنوبية، و اسموها يهوذا و المملكة الشمالية و اسموها اسرائيل .
غالبا كلمة اسرائيل يمكن يترجم زي “ناس اسرائيل” او “شعب اسرائيل” ،على حسب التعبير

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

8:15 The descendants of the twelve sons became the twelve tribes of Israel.
9:3 The Egyptians forced the Israelites to build many buildings and even whole cities.
9:5 A certain Israelite woman gave birth to a baby boy.
10:1 They said, “This is what the God of Israel says, ‘Let my people go!’”
14:12 But despite all this, the people of __Israel __ complained and grumbled against God and against Moses.
15:9 God fought for Israel that day. He caused the Amorites to be confused and he sent large hailstones that killed many of the Amorites.
15:12 After this battle, God gave each tribe of __Israel __ its own section of the Promised Land. Then God gave Israel peace along all its borders.
16:16 So God punished __Israel __ again for worshiping idols.
43:6 “Men of Israel, Jesus was a man who did many mighty signs and wonders by the power of God, as you have seen and already know.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3478, H3479, H3481, H3482, G935, G2474, G2475

اكمل, قد اكمل, نفذ,

Key Terms :: اكمل, قد اكمل, نفذ,

تعريف:

كلمة “امكل” بيعني تكمل أو تنجز حاجة الكان متوقع.

لمن النبوءة تتحقق، دا بيعني أن الله اتسبب عشان يحصل الكان “اتنباوا” بيه في النبوة.
لو شخص اكمل وعده او حلف, معناه يعمل الحاجة الوعد بيهو.
عشان يكمل المسؤولية معناه عشان يعمل المهمة المكلفة أو المطلوبة.

مقترحات الترجمة:

حسب الحالة، “اكمل” ممكن يترجمتو زي “إنجاز” أو “كمال” أو “يقوم بعمل” أو “طاعة” أو “تنفيذ”.
العبارة “قد اكمل” يمكن كمان يترجمو زي “تم بالحقيقه” أو “حصلت” أو “حصل”.
طرق ترجمة “اكمل”، زي في"اكمل خدمتك"، يمكن يشمل “كمل” أو “نفذ” أو “يعمل” أو “اخدم الناس التانين زي ما الله ناداك عشان تعملو”. =======

اكمل, قد اكمل, نفذ,

fulfill, fulfilled, carried out

تعريف:

Definition:

كلمة “امكل” بيعني تكمل أو تنجز حاجة الكان متوقع. The term “fulfill” means to complete or accomplish something that was expected.

لمن النبوءة تتحقق، دا بيعني أن الله اتسبب عشان يحصل الكان “اتنباوا” بيه في النبوة.

When a prophecy is fulfilled, it means that God causes to happen what was predicted in the prophecy.

لو شخص اكمل وعده او حلف, معناه يعمل الحاجة الوعد بيهو.

If a person fulfills a promise or a vow, it means that he does what he has promised to do.

عشان يكمل المسؤولية معناه عشان يعمل المهمة المكلفة أو المطلوبة.

To fulfill a responsibility means to do the task that was assigned or required.

مقترحات الترجمة:

Translation Suggestions:

حسب الحالة، “اكمل” ممكن يترجمتو زي “إنجاز” أو “كمال” أو “يقوم بعمل” أو “طاعة” أو “تنفيذ”.

Depending on the context, “fulfill” could be translated as “accomplish” or “complete” or “cause to happen” or “obey” or “perform.”

العبارة “قد اكمل” يمكن كمان يترجمو زي “تم بالحقيقه” أو “حصلت” أو “حصل”.

The phrase “has been fulfilled” could also be translated as “has come true” or “has happened” or “has taken place.”

طرق ترجمة “اكمل”، زي في"اكمل خدمتك"، يمكن يشمل “كمل” أو “نفذ” أو “يعمل” أو “اخدم الناس التانين زي ما الله ناداك عشان تعملو”.

Ways to translate “fulfill,” as in “fulfill your ministry,” could include “complete” or “perform” or “practice” or “serve other people as God has called you to do.”

(See also: prophet, Christ, minister, call)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

24:4 John fulfilled what the prophets said, “See I send my messenger ahead of you, who will prepare your way.”
40:3 The soldiers gambled for Jesus’ clothing. When they did this, they fulfilled a prophecy that said, “They divided my garments among them, and gambled for my clothing.”
42:7 Jesus said, “I told you that everything written about me in God’s word must be fulfilled.”
43:5 “This fulfills the prophecy made by the prophet Joel in which God said, ‘In the last days, I will pour out my Spirit.’”
43:7 “This fulfills the prophecy which says, ‘You will not let your Holy One rot in the grave.’”
44:5 “Although you did not understand what you were doing, God used your actions to fulfill the prophecies that the Messiah would suffer and die.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1214, H5487, G1096, G4138

البريء

Key Terms :: البريء

تعريف:

كلمة “بريء” بيعني ما تكون مذنب بجريمة أواي عمل خطى. يمكن برضو يوري بشكل عام الناس الما شاركوا في الحاجات الشريرة.

الشخص المتهم بعمل حاجة غلط هو بريء لو هو ما عمل الغلط.
احيانآ كلمة “بريء” يستخدم للناس الما عملوا اي غلط عشان يستحقوا المعاملة الكعبة اللقوها، زي جيش العدو لمن يهاجم"الناس الأبرياء".
في الكتاب المقدس ، “الدم” يمكن يمثل “القتل”، لذلك “دم البريء” بوري “قتل الناس الما بيستحقوا الموت”.

اقتراحات الترجمة:

في معظم الحالات، كلمة"بريء" يمكن ترجمته زي “ماعندو ذنب” أو “ما مسؤول” أو “ما عندو لوم” بحاجة.
لمن يشار لناس الأبرياء بشكل عام ، الكلمة ده يمكن يترجم زي “الما عملو أي غلط” أو “الما شاركوا في الشر”.
“لسفك دم الأبرياء” يمكن يترجموه"قتل الناس الما بيستحقوا الموت".

(See also: guilt)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

8:6 After two years, Joseph was still in prison, even though he was innocent.
40:4 One of them mocked Jesus, but the other said, “Do you have no fear of God? We are guilty, but this man is innocent.”
40:8 When the soldier guarding Jesus saw everything that happened, he said, “Certainly, this man was innocent. He was the Son of God.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2136, H2600, H2643, H5352, H5355, H5356, G121

الجحيم, بحيرة النار

Key Terms :: الجحيم, بحيرة النار

تعريف:

الجحيم دا المكان الأخير للألم والمعاناة الما بتنتهي الفيهو الله بعاقب كل شخص البتمرد ضده وبرفض خطتة عشان ينقذو من خلال ذبيحة يسوع. و كمان بشيروا ليهو باسم “بحيرة النار”.

الجحيم بوصفوا بمكان نار وعذاب شديدة.
الشيطان والأرواح الشريرة البتبعوه بيرموهم في الجحيم للعقاب الأبدي.
الناس الما بيؤمنو بذبيحة يسوع لخطاياهم وما بيثقو فيهو عشان يخلصهم، حيعاقبوهم للأبد في الجحيم.

مقترحات الترجمة:

احتمال الكلمات دي تترجم بشكل مختلف مدام بتحصل في عبارات مختلفة.
بعض اللغات ما بتقدر تستخدم كلمة “بحيرة” في عبارة “بحيرة النار” لأنو بتشير لموية.
كلمة “الجحيم” ممكن يترجمو زي “مكان العذاب” أو “آخر مكان لظلام والم”.
عبارة “بحيرة النار” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “بحر النار” أو “نار كبير (للعذاب)” أو “حقل نار”.

(See also: heaven, death, Hades, abyss)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

50:14 He (God) will throw them into hell, where they will weep and grind their teeth in anguish forever. A fire that never goes out will continually burn them, and worms will never stop eating them.
50:15 He will throw Satan into hell where he will burn forever, along with everyone who chose to follow him rather than to obey God.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7585, G86, G439, G440, G1067, G3041, G4442, G4443, G4447, G4448, G5020, G5394, G5457

الحياة, حي, يعيش, عايش

Key Terms :: الحياة, حي, يعيش, عايش

التعريف

كلمة الحياة بيعني الحياة في الجسد وهو عكس الموت الجسدي

الحياة الجسدي

الحياة يمكن بوري الأنسان براوه، زي مثلا "نقول انقذوا حياته "
مرات كلمة الحياة بيعني ،تجربة العيش ،زي مثلا :حياته كان ممتع
وممكن برضو نصف بيهو عمر الأنسان ، زي ما في التعبير ، "نهاية حياته "
كلمة "عايش " يمكن يعني حي جسديا زي مثلا اقول امي لسه عايشة وممكن برضو يعني المسكن في مكان ما زي مثلا نقول :"كانوا ساكنين في المدينة "
في الكتاب المقدس مفهوم "الحياة " هو عادة عكس مفهوم "الموت "

الحياة الابدية

الأنسان يكون عندو الحياة الابدية لمن يؤمن بيسوع . الله بغير حياة الأنسان ده بواسطة الروح القدس العايش فيه
عكس كلمة الحياة الابدية ،ده الموت الابدي ومعناه انك تفارق الله وتلقة العقاب الابدي

خيارات ترجمة

وحسب الحالة ده ،الحياة يمكن يترجم زي "بقاء"او "انسان "او "روح "او "كائن "او “تجربة”
كلمة عايش يمكن يترجم زي “ساكن” او "يقيم "او "موجود "
التعبير "نهاية حياته " يمكن يترجم، “لمن يقيف من الحياة”
تعبير، “ختوا نفوسهم” يمكن يترجم زي ، "خلوهم يعيشوا " او "ما قتلوهم "
عبارة ،"خاطروا بحياتهم " يمكن يترجم زي ، "خطوا نفوسهم في خطر " او "عملوا حاجة كان قرب يقتلهم "
لمن الكتاب المقدس يتكلم عن الحياة الابدية ، كلمة "الحياة " بترجم بالطرق دي :“الحياة الابدية” او "الله خلانا عايشين بارواحنا "او "حياة جديدة بروح الله "او “خلانا عايشين بانساننا الباطل”
و حسب الكلام ده ، عبارة ،"اعطي الحياة " يمكن يترجم زي ، "سبب للعيش "او "ادى الحياة الابدية " او "بقى سبب في انو يعيش الى الابد "

(See also: death, everlasting)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

1:10 So God took some dirt, formed it into a man, and breathed life into him.
3:1 After a long time, many people were __living __ in the world.
8:13 When Joseph’s brothers returned home and told their father, Jacob, that Joseph was still alive, he was very happy.
17:9 However, toward the end of his [David’s] life he sinned terribly before God.
27:1 One day, an expert in the Jewish law came to Jesus to test him, saying, “Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?”
35:5 Jesus replied, “I am the Resurrection and the Life.”
44:5 “You are the ones who told the Roman governor to kill Jesus. You killed the author of life, but God raised him from the dead.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1934, H2416, H2417, H2421, H2425, H5315, G198, G222, G227, G806, G590

الرسول, الرسولية

Key Terms :: الرسول, الرسولية

تعريف:

“الرسل” كانوا رجال مرسلين بواسطة يسوع عشان يبشرو عن الله و ملكوته. كلمة “الرسولية” بشير للوظيفة و السلطة للكانوا مختارين كرسل.

كلمة “رسول” تعني “شخص مرسل لغرض خاص”. الرسول عندو نفس سلطة الشخص الرسلو.
التلاميذ الاثناعشر القريبين ليسوع هم بقوا اول الرسول. زي ما بقى الرجال التانين رسل كمان زي،بولس و يعقوب.
بقوّة الله ، الرسل قدروا يبشروا بالإنجيل بدون خوف و يشفوا الناس ، و قدروا يجبروا الشياطين يطلعوا من الناس.

مقترحات الترجمة:

كلمة “رسول” ممكن كمان يترجمو بكلمة أو عبارة البتعني “شخص مُعين رسلو” أو " واحد رسلو" أو “شخص نادو يطلع ويبشر برسالة الله للناس”.
من المهم ترجمة الكلمات “رسول” و “تلميذ” بطرق مختلفة.
خت في بالك كمان كيف ترجمو الكلمة دي في ترجمة الكتاب المقدس للغة المحلية أو الوطنية. (شوف كيف تترجم الما معروف).

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

26:10 Then Jesus chose twelve men who were called his apostles. The apostles traveled with Jesus and learned from him.
30:1 Jesus sent his apostles to preach and to teach people in many different villages.
38:2 Judas was one of Jesus’ apostles. He was in charge of the apostles’ money bag, but he loved money and often stole from the bag.
43:13 The disciples devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching, fellowship, eating together, and prayer.
46:8 Then a believer named Barnabas took Saul to the apostles and told them how Saul had preached boldly in Damascus.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G651, G652, G2491, G5376, G5570

الزنا , زانية , زاني , فاجرة

Key Terms :: الزنا , زانية , زاني , فاجرة

التعريف:

تشير كلمة “الزنا” إلى الخطية البتحصل لمن يكون الشخص المتزوج عندو علاقة جنسية مع شخص غير زوج/ زوجة. الاتنين مذنبين بالزنا. كلمة “الزانية” بيصف نوع من سلوك أو أي شخص بعمل الخطية ده.

تشير كلمة "الزاني"عموما لأي شخص بيعمل الزنا.
في بعض الأحيان تستخدم كلمة “الزانية” عشان تحدد انو الزانية كانت مرأة .
الزنا يكسر الوعد العملو الزوج و الزوجة لبعضهم في عهد زواجهم .
الله امر الإسرائيليين عشان ما يعملوا الزنا.

اقتراحات الترجمة

إذا اللغة المستهدفة ماعندها كلمة تعني “الزنا” يمكن يترجمو الكلمة ده بعبارة “يعمل علاقة جنسية مع زوجة شخص آخر” أو “أن تكون في علاقة جسدية مع زوج شخص تاني”.
بعض اللغات يمكن يكونوا عندهم طريقة غير مباشرة يتكلموا بيها عن الزنا زي “النوم مع زوج شخص آخر” أو "ما امين لزوجة زول تاني ".

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

13:6 “Do not commit adultery.”
28:2 Do not commit adultery.
34:7 “The religious leader prayed like this, ‘Thank you, God, that I am not a sinner like other men-such as robbers, unjust men, adulterers, or even like that tax collector.’”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5003, H5004, G3428, G3429, G3430, G3431, G3432

السبت

Key Terms :: السبت

التعريف:

كلمة “سبت” بوري اليوم السابع من الأسبوع ، الكان الله أمر إلاسرائيليين أنو يكون يوم راحة وما يقوموا باى عمل.

لمن الله انتهى من خلق العالم في ستة أيام ، ارتاح في اليوم السابع. وبنفس الطريقة ، الله أمر الإسرائيليين يبقو اليوم السابع كيوم خاص للراحة والعبادة ليه.
أمر “احفظ يوم السبت مقدسًا” هو واحد من الوصايا العشرة الكتبها الله على الألواح الحجرية الاداها لموسى عشان يديها للإسرائيليين .
حسب النظام اليهودي في حسابهم للايام ، السبت ببدا في يوم الجمعة مع غروب الشمس و بستمر حتى يوم السبت مع غروب الشمس .
غالبا في الكتاب المقدس السبت بسمو “يوم السبت” بدلا من السبت بس .

افتراحات ترجم:

يمكن كمان ده يترجمو زي “يوم راحة” أو “يوم للراحة” أو “يوم ما للعمل” أو “يوم راحة لله”
بعض الترجمات بتكتب الكلمة دي بالحروف الكبيرة عشان يوري انو ده يوم خاص زي “يوم السبت” او “يوم راحة”.
خت في الاعتبار كيف الكلمة دي بترجموها في اللغة المحلية أو الوطنية.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: rest)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

13:5 “Always be sure to keep the Sabbath day holy. That is, do all your work in six days, for the seventh day is a day for you to rest and to honor me.”
26:2 Jesus went to the town of Nazareth where he had lived during his childhood. On the Sabbath, he went to the place of worship.
41:3 The day after Jesus was buried was a Sabbath day, and the Jews were not permitted to go to the tomb on that day.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4868, H7676, H7677, G4315, G4521

الشر, شرير, نجس

Key Terms :: الشر, شرير, نجس

التعريف

في الكتاب المقدس كلمة "شرير"يمكن يعني شر اخلاقي او ما مفرح من الناحية العاطفية والمفهوم بكون دايما واضح ،وده بيعني الكلمةالمقصودة كنموزج معين

و بينما كلمة “شر” يمكن نوصف صفات انسان ، "شرير "برضو بيعني بالاكتر سلوك الزول ،لكن الكلمتين بتشابهو شديد في المعنى
كلمة "الشر " بيعني الحالة البنصف بيهو الزول لما يكون مشترك في عمل الشر
نتائج الشر واضح من خلال معامله بطالة للاخرين مثلا القتل ،السرقة ،الافتراء ،قسوه و غير لطيف

خيارات ترجمة

على حسب العبارة, كلمة “الشر” و “الشرير” يمكن نترجمهم بي "كعب “او “خاطي” او” فاسد "
وطرق تاني لترجمة يمكن يكون “ما بار” او “غير صالح” او “فاسد”
تتاكد انو الكلمات او العبارات المستعملة المترجم للكلمات المزكور مناسب للطبيعة اللغةالمقصود

(See also: disobey, sin, good, righteous, demon)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

2:4 “God just knows that as soon as you eat it, you will be like God and will understand good and evil like he does.”
3:1 After a long time, many people were living in the world. They had become very wicked and violent.
3:2 But Noah found favor with God. He was a righteous man living among wicked people.
4:2 God saw that if they all kept working together to do evil, they could do many more sinful things.
8:12 “You tried to do evil when you sold me as a slave, but God used the evil for good!”
14:2 They (Canaanites) worshiped false gods and did many evil things.
17:1 But then he (Saul) became a wicked man who did not obey God, so God chose a different man who would one day be king in his place.
18:11 In the new kingdom of Israel, all the kings were evil.
29:8 The king was so angry that he threw the wicked servant into prison until he could pay back all of his debt.
45:2 They said, “We heard him (Stephen) speak evil things about Moses and God!”
50:17 He (Jesus) will wipe away every tear and there will be no more suffering, sadness, crying, evil, pain, or death.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0205, H0605, H1100, H1681, H1942, H2154, H2162, H2254, H2617, H3399, H3415, H4209, H4849, H5753, H5766, H5767, H5999, H6001, H6090, H7451, H7455, H7489, H7561, H7562, H7563, H7564, G0092, G0113, G0459, G0932, G0987, G0988, G1426, G2549, G2551, G2554, G2555, G2556, G2557, G2559, G2560, G2635, G2636, G4151, G4189, G4190, G4191, G5337

الكاهن الاعلى ،رئيس الكهنة

Key Terms :: الكاهن الاعلى ،رئيس الكهنة

التعريف:

كلمة “الكاهن الأعلى” بتشير لكاهن خاص عينوا عشان يخدم لفترة سنة كقائد لكل الكهنة الإسرائيليين الآخرين. في زمن العهد الجديد ، بعض الكهنة بعتبروهم برضو قادة دينيين مهمين شديد لليهود، في السلطة على الكهنة الآخرين والشعب. ديل كانوا كبار الكهنة.

الكاهن الأعلى كان عندو مسؤوليات خاصة. كان هو الوحيد المسموح ليهو يدخل في الجزء المقدس اكتر من الخيمة او الهيكل عشان يقدم ذبيحة خاصة مرة كل في سنة .
كان الإسرائيليين عندهم كهنة كتيرة ، لكن بس كاهن واحد اعلى في نفس الوقت .
بعد ما الكاهن الاعلى يخلي منصبو ، هم لسه بحتفظوا بلقبو وبعض مسؤوليات المكتب . مثلا زي حنان كان لسه بنادوا الكاهن الاعلى في فترة كهنوت قيافا و غيرها .
كان الكهنة الكبار مسؤولين عن كل حاجة بحتاجوا ليها لخدمة العبادة في الهيكل . كمان كانوا مسؤولين عن الأموال البقدموها للمعبد .
الكهنة الكبار كانوا الأعلى في الرتبة والسلطة من الكهنة العاديين. بس الكاهن الأعلى كَانَ عِنْدَهُ سلطةُ أكترُ.
الكهنةالكبار كانوا جزء من أعداء يسوع الرئيسين وأثروا شديد على القادة الرومانيين عشان يقبضوه و يقتلوه .

ترجمات اخرى:

يمكن يترجمو “الكاهن الأعلى” على أنه “الكاهن العالى” أو “الكاهن الأعلى في رتبة”.
كلمة “كبار الكهنة” يمكن ترجمته زي “رئيس الكهنة” أو “قائد الكهنة” أو " حاكم الكهنة".

(See also: Annas, Caiaphas, priest, temple)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

13:8 No one could enter the room behind the curtain except the high priest, because God lived there.
21:7 The Messiah who would come would be the perfect high priest who would offer himself as a perfect sacrifice to God.
38:3 The Jewish leaders, led by the high priest, paid Judas thirty silver coins to betray Jesus.
39:1 The soldiers led Jesus to the house of the high priest in order for the high priest to question him.
39:3 Finally, the high priest looked directly at Jesus and said, “Tell us, are you the Messiah, the Son of the living God?”
44:7 The next day, the Jewish leaders brought Peter and John to the high priest and the other religious leaders.
45:2 So the religious leaders arrested Stephen and brought him to the high priest and the other leaders of the Jews, where more false witnesses lied about Stephen.
46:1 The high priest gave Saul permission to go to the city of Damascus to arrest Christians there and bring them back to Jerusalem.
48:6 Jesus is the Great High Priest. Unlike other priests, he offered himself as the only sacrifice that could to take away the sin of all the people in the world. Jesus was the perfect high priest because he took the punishment for every sin that anyone has ever committed.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7218, H1419, H3548, G748, G749

الله

Key Terms :: الله

التعريف

في الكتاب المقدس ،كلمة “الله” بيعني الكائن الابدي اي الاذلي الخلق الكون من مافي، الله موجود في تلاتة شخصيات الاب و الابن و الروح القدس ، واسمه الشخصي هو يهوه

الله هو موجود دايما و موجود قبل ما يكون في اي شئ في الوجود وهو بكون موجود الى الابد
هو الله الحقيقي العندو سلطان على كل شئ في الدنيا
الله كامل البراة ،حكيم بلا حدود،قدوس ،ما بخطا و ما بظلم ورحيم و كمان محب
هو الله حافظ العهد و امين في وعدو
الناس خلقوهم عشان يعبدو الله الحي لانو هو الوحيد البستحق العبادة
الله ورى اسمو "يهوه "و معناه “هو” او “انا” او "الكائن "
الكتاب المقدس او بعلمنا عن الالهه الكازبة هي الاصنام الغير حية او ناس قعدين يعبدوهم بالخطا

خيارات ترجمة

طرق ترجم كلمة “الله” ، يمكن يترجم : الأله ، كائن الأعلي ،او رب السياد الخالص او الكائن الأبدي الأعلى
تعرف كلمة الله بينادو كيف بالغة المحلية او القومية ،و لو بقى في كلمة معين بشير لكلمة الله لازم تتاكد بانو الكلمة ده بدي الوصف الصحيح لكلمة الله زي ما موضح في صفات الله الزكرناه فوق
لغات كتيرة تبدا كلمة الله الحقيقي بحرف كبير عشان يفرق بين الله من الهة الكازبة, بطريقة تاني عشان تفرق استعمال الله الحقيقي واله الكاذبة, نلاحظ في الكتاب المقدس عن الأنسان المابيعبد يهوه بتكلم عشان يهوه ويستعمل كلمة الله يكون مقبول باستعمال الكلمة بدون حرف كبير بيوري يهوه. انظر يونان 1:6 و يونان 2:9.
عبارة "ساكون لهم الها ويكونون لي شعبا " يمكن نفسرو كده :انا الله انا بكون رئيس لي الشعب ده ، وهم بيعبدوني

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

1:1 God created the universe and everything in it in six days.
1:15 God made man and woman in his own image.
5:3 “I am God Almighty. I will make a covenant with you.”
9:14 God said, “I AM WHO I AM. Tell them, ‘I AM has sent me to you.’ Also tell them, ‘I am Yahweh, the God of your ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. This is my name forever.’”
10:2 Through these plagues, God showed Pharaoh that he is more powerful than Pharaoh and all of Egypt’s gods.
16:1 The Israelites began to worship the Canaanite gods instead of Yahweh, the true God.
22:7 “You, my son, will be called the prophet of the Most High God who will prepare the people to receive the Messiah!”
24:9 There is only one God. But John heard God the Father speak, and saw Jesus the Son and the Holy Spirit when he baptized Jesus.
25:7 “Worship only the Lord your God and only serve him.”
28:1 “There is only one who is good, and that is God.”
49:9 But God loved everyone in the world so much that he gave his only Son so that whoever believes in Jesus will not be punished for his sins, but will live with God forever.
50:16 But some day God will create a new heaven and a new earth that will be perfect.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H136, H305, H410, H426, H430, H433, H2486, H2623, H3068, H3069, H3863, H4136, H6697, G112, G516, G932, G935, G1096, G1140, G2098, G2124, G2128, G2150, G2152, G2153, G2299, G2304, G2305, G2312, G2313, G2314, G2315, G2316, G2317, G2318, G2319, G2320, G3361, G3785, G4151, G5207, G5377, G5463, G5537, G5538

الله الاب ، الآب السماوي ، الآب

Key Terms :: الله الاب ، الآب السماوي ، الآب

حقائق:

الكلمات "الله الاب " “الاب السماوى” بتشير ليهوه الله الواحد الحقيقي. كلمة تانى بنفس المعنى هو “الاب” ،غالبًااستخدم لمن يسوع كان بشير لنفسه.

الله موجود زي الله الاب ،الله الابن ، و الله الروح القدس. لكن كلهم اله واحد. ده سر البشر العادي ما بيقدر يفهمه بالكامل.
الله الآب رسل الله الابن (يسوع) للعالم و هو رسل الروح القدس لشعبه.
اى شخص بؤمن بالله الابن بيبقى ابن الله الآب، والله الروح القدس بجى يسكن في الشخص داك . دا سر تانى الكائن البشري ما بقدر يفهمه بالكامل .

مقترحات الترجمة:

في ترجمة عبارة “الله الآب” ، من الأفضل تترجم كلمة “اب” بنفس الكلمة البستخدمهااللغة طبيعيا لتشير للاب البشري.
كلمة "الآب السماوي"يمكن يترجم ب “الآب الساكن في السماء” أو “الله الاب الساكن في السماء” أو “الله أبونا الفى السماء”.
عادة “الآب” يكتب بالأحرف الكبيرة لمن يشير إلى الله. =======

#الله الاب ، الآب السماوي ، الآب

God the Father, heavenly Father, Father

#حقائق

Facts:

الكلمات "الله الاب " “الاب السماوى” بتشير ليهوه الله الواحد الحقيقي. كلمة تانى بنفس المعنى هو “الاب” ،غالبًااستخدم لمن يسوع كان بشير لنفسه. The terms “God the Father” and “heavenly Father” refer to Yahweh, the one true God. Another term with the same meaning is “Father,” used most often when Jesus was referring to him.

الله موجود زي الله الاب ،الله الابن ، و الله الروح القدس. لكن كلهم اله واحد. ده سر البشر العادي ما بيقدر يفهمه بالكامل.

God exists as God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. Each one is fully God, and yet they are only one God. This is a mystery that mere humans cannot fully understand.

الله الآب رسل الله الابن (يسوع) للعالم و هو رسل الروح القدس لشعبه.

God the Father sent God the Son (Jesus) into the world and he sends the Holy Spirit to his people.

اى شخص بؤمن بالله الابن بيبقى ابن الله الآب، والله الروح القدس بجى يسكن في الشخص داك . دا سر تانى الكائن البشري ما بقدر يفهمه بالكامل .

Anyone who believes in God the Son becomes a child of God the Father, and God the Holy Spirit comes to live in that person. This is another mystery that human beings cannot fully understand.

مقترحات الترجمة

Translation Suggestions:

في ترجمة عبارة “الله الآب” ، من الأفضل تترجم كلمة “اب” بنفس الكلمة البستخدمهااللغة طبيعيا لتشير للاب البشري.

In translating the phrase “God the Father,” it is best to translate “Father” with the same word that the language naturally uses to refer to a human father.

كلمة "الآب السماوي"يمكن يترجم ب “الآب الساكن في السماء” أو “الله الاب الساكن في السماء” أو “الله أبونا الفى السماء”.

The term “heavenly Father” could be translated by “Father who lives in heaven” or “Father God who lives in heaven” or “God our Father from heaven.”

عادة “الآب” يكتب بالأحرف الكبيرة لمن يشير إلى الله.

Usually “Father” is capitalized when it, refers to God.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: ancestor, God, heaven, Holy Spirit, Jesus, Son of God)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

24:9 There is only one God. But John heard God the Father speak, and saw Jesus the Son and the Holy Spirit when he baptized Jesus.
29:9 Then Jesus said, “This is what my heavenly Father will do to every one of you if you do not forgive your brother from your heart.”
37:9 Then Jesus looked up to heaven and said, “Father, thank you for hearing me.”
40:7 Then Jesus cried out, “It is finished! Father, I give my spirit into your hands.”
42:10 “So go, make disciples of all people groups by baptizing them in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit and by teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you.”
43:8 “Jesus is now exalted to the right hand of God the Father.”
50:10 “Then the righteous ones will shine like the sun in the kingdom of God their Father.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1, H2, G3962

امين ،الامانة ،جدير الثقة

Key Terms :: امين ،الامانة ،جدير الثقة

التعريف

عشان تكون “امين” لله بيعني ان تعيش باستمرار على حسب تعاليم الله .يعني ان تكون مخلص ليهو بطاعته .الحالة او الشرط ان تكون مخلص هو “الامانة”

الشخص الامين يمكن يثقوا فيه دايما للوفاء بوعوده والوفاء دايما بمسؤولياته تجاه الاخرين .
يحافظ الشخص الامين على القيام بعمل ما حتى لو يطويل و يصعب .
الامانة الله هي الممارسة المستمرة بعمل ما يريدنا الله ان نفعله .

مقترحات الترجمة

في حالات ت كتيرة "امين " يمكن يترجم زي "مخلص " او “مكرس” او موثوق بيهو
في حالات تاني يمكن ترجمة "امين "بأنو كلمة او عبارة بيعني “الاستمرار في الايمان” او "المثابرة على الايمان و طاعة الله ".
الطرق الممكن يترجم بها الامانة يمكن يشمل “المواظبة على الايمان” او “الولاء” او “الجدارة بالثقة” او "الايمان و طاعة الله "

(See also: believe, faith, believe)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

8:5 Even in prison, Joseph remained faithful to God, and God blessed him.
14:12 Even so, God was still faithful to His promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
15:13 The people promised to remain faithful to God and follow his laws.
17:9 David ruled with justice and faithfulness for many years, and God blessed him. However, toward the end of his life he sinned terribly against God.
35:12 “The older son said to his father, ‘All these years I have worked faithfully for you!’”
49:17 But God is faithful and says that if you confess your sins, he will forgive you.
50:4 “If you remain faithful to me to the end, then God will save you.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0529, H0530, H0539, H540, H571, H898, H2181, H4603, H4604, H4820, G569, G571, G4103

انقذ ، منقذ ، السلامة ، الخلاص

Key Terms :: انقذ ، منقذ ، السلامة ، الخلاص

التعريف

كلمة “انقذ” بوري حفظ شخص من مواجهة حاجة كعب او ضار . تكون في “سلامة” معناه تكون محمي من الضرر او الخطر

بالمعني المادي الناس ممكن يخلصوهم او ينقذوهم من الضرر ، الخطر او الموت .
بالمعني الروحي لو الشخص “خلصه”،في زمن داك ،من خلال موت يسوع في الصليب سامحه من نار جهنم بسبب خطيته
الناس ممكن يخلصوا او ينقذوا الناس من الخطر ،لكن الله فقط ممكن يخلص الناس من العقاب الابدي بسبب خطيتهم .

كلمة “الخلاص” بوري انك تكون مخلص او منقذ من الشر و الخطر .

في الكتاب المقدس “الخلاص” دايما بوري الخلاص الروحي و الابدي معطى من الله لناس الاعترفوا بخطاياهم و امنوا بيسوع .
الكتاب المقدس برضو بتكلم عن انقاذ الله او تحرير ناسه من اعدائهم الجسدين .

مقترحات الترجمة

طرق ترجمة "انقذ"يمكن يشمل “حول” او “حفظ من الضرر” او “شيلو من طريق الخطر” او “حفظ من الموت”
في العبارة"كل من ينقذ حياته" كلمة “ينقذ” يمكن برضو يترجم زي “يصون” او “يحمي” .
كلمة “ينقذ” يمكن يترجم زي “محمي من الخطر” او “في محل مافيه ضرر” .
يمكن برضو ترجمة “الخلاص” باستخدام كلمات بيتعلق "بالخلاص " او “الانقاذ” زي “خلاص الله للناس من العقاب علي خطاياهم” او “انقاذ الله لشعبه من اعدائهم” .
“الله خلاصي " يمكن يترجم زي " الله هو الخلصني”
“بتشيلوا موية من ابيار الخلاص” يمكن يترجم زي " بتكون رويان بمويه لان الله انقذك .

(See also: cross, deliver, punish, sin, Savior)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

9:8 Moses tried to save his fellow Israelite.
11:2 God provided a way to save the firstborn son of anyone who believed in him.
12:5 Moses told the Israelites, “Stop being afraid! God will fight for you today and save you.”
12:13 The Israelites sang many songs to celebrate their new freedom and to praise God because he saved them from the Egyptian army.
16:17 This pattern repeated many times: the Israelites would sin, God would punish them, they would repent, and God would send a deliverer to save them.
44:8 “You crucified Jesus, but God raised him to life again! You rejected him, but there is no other way to be saved except through the power of Jesus!”
47:11 The jailer trembled as he came to Paul and Silas and asked, “What must I do to be saved?” Paul answered, “Believe in Jesus, the Master, and you and your family will be saved.”
49:12 Good works cannot save you.
49:13 God will save everyone who believes in Jesus and receives him as their Master. But he will not save anyone who does not believe in him.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H983, H2421, H2502, H3444, H3467, H3468, H4190, H4422, H4931, H5338, H6308, H6403, H7682, H7951, H7965, H8104, H8199, H8668, G803, G804, G806, G1295, G1508, G4982, G4991, G4992, G5198

ايمان

Key Terms :: ايمان

التعريف

بصورة عامة كلمة “الايمان” بوري الى الايمان او الثقة في شخص او شئ .

"تكون عندك ايمان"في شخص ما هو ان تؤمن بان الحاجة القالو و العملو صح و موثوق
“تكون عندك ايمان في يسوع” معناه تؤمن بكل تعاليم الله عن يسوع .ده بعني بشكل خاص انو الناس يثقوا بيسوع و ذبيحته لينظفهم من خطاياهم و ينقذهم من العقوبة المستحقة من اجل خطاياهم
الايمان الحقيقي او الاعتقاد بيسوع بخلي الانسان ينتج ثمار الروح الجيد او السلوكيات لان الروح القدس ساكن فيه .
مرات “الايمان” عامة بوري الى كل التعاليم عن يسوع ،زي في التعبير “حقائق الايمان” .
في حالات زي “الحفاظ على الايمان” او “التخلي عن الايمان” كلمة "الايمان"بوري الى حالة الايمان بكل تعاليم يسوع .

مقترحات ترجمة

في بعض الحالات يمكن ترجمة “الايمان” زي “الاعتقاد” او “القناعة” او “الثقة” .
في بعض اللغات الكلمات ديل يترجم مستخدمين شكل الفعل “يصدق”
العبارة “احفظ الايمان” يمكن يترجم ب “استمر في الايمان بيسوع” او “الاستمرار في الايمان بيسوع”.
الجملة “يجب ان يحتفظوا بالحقائق العميقة للايمان”،يمكن ترجمتها من خلال الاستمرار في الاعتقاد بكل الحاجات الحقيقية عن يسوع العلمهم.
العبارة “ولدي الحقيقي في الايمان يمكن ترجمة"بشئ زي منو زي الولد بالنسبة لي لاني علمته يؤمن بيسوع” او "ولدي الروحي الحقيقي "البؤمن بيسوع.

(See also: believe, faithful)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

5:6 When Isaac was a young man, God tested Abraham’s faith by saying, “Take Isaac, your only son, and kill him as a sacrifice to me.”
31:7 Then he (Jesus) said to Peter, “You man of little faith, why did you doubt?”
32:16 Jesus said to her, “Your faith has healed you. Go in peace.”
38:9 Then Jesus said to Peter, “Satan wants to have all of you, but I have prayed for you, Peter, that your faith will not fail.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H529, H530, G1680, G3640, G4102, G6066

بركة, مبارك, يبارك

Key Terms :: بركة, مبارك, يبارك

التعريف

عشان تبارك انسان او اي حاجة ،بيعني انو تكون سبب لأنسان او اي شئ عشان يحصل على حاجة كويسة او حاجة مفيدة

بركة زول معين برضو بيعني انو نتكلم بالنية الطيبة عن حاجات كويسة لأنسان ده
في زمن الكتاب المقدس الابو دايما بنطق البركة على عيالوا
لمن الناس يباركوا الله ، من نيتهم بقولوا خلي الله يتبارك, ده بيعني هم مسبحين الله
كلمة بركة مرات بستخدم لتطهير او تقديس الاكل قبل ما ياكلو, او يشكر و يحمد الله من اجل الأكل

خيارات ترجمة

تبارك يمكن نترجمو برضو ب “تساعد كتير” او “تكون لطيف كتير شديد او تفضله”
“الله جاب بركات عظيمة ل " يمكن يترجمو “الله ادى حاجات كتيرة سمحة ل” او “الله ساعد كتير” او ا"لله خلى حاجات كتيرة تحصل”
هو مبارك يمكن ترجمته ب هو “حيستفيد كتير” او “هو يختبر حاجات كتيرة كويسة” او “الله بخليهو ناجح”
“المبارك هو الزول اللي” يمكن نترجمو “بكيف الزول ده هو كويس لزول الأخر”
عبارة “مبارك الله” ممكن نترجمو بي “خلي الرب يتمجد” او "مجدا لرب " او "انا امجد الرب "
"في جملة بركة الاكل "ممكن نترجمو بي "شكورآ لله من اجل الاكل " او “حمد لله من اجل الاكل اداهم” او “تقديس الاكل بحمد الله”

(See also: praise)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

1:7 God saw that it was good and he blessed them.
1:15 God made Adam and Eve in his own image. He blessed them and told them, “Have many children and grandchildren and fill the earth.”
1:16 So God rested from all he had been doing. He blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on this day he rested from his work.
4:4 “I will make your name great. I will bless those who bless you and curse those who curse you. All families on earth will be blessed because of you.”
4:7 Melchizedek blessed Abram and said, “May God Most High who owns heaven and earth bless Abram.”
7:3 Isaac wanted to give his blessing to Esau.
8:5 Even in prison, Joseph remained faithful to God, and God blessed him.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H833, H835, H1288, H1289, H1293, G1757, G2127, G2128, G2129, G3106, G3107, G3108, G6050

تاب ، توبة.

Key Terms :: تاب ، توبة.

تعريف:

كلمات “تاب” و “توبة” بيوري ان تبتعد من الخطية وترجع إلى الله.

عشان “تتوب” بيعني حرفياً "تغير ذهنك ".
في الكتاب المقدس عادة"التوبة" تعني انو ترجع من الشر، التفكير والتصرف البشري وتتحول لطريقة تفكير الله وتصرفه.
لمن الناس يتوبوا بالحقيقةعن خطاياهم ، الله يغفر ليهم ويساعدهم عشان يبدوا يطيعوه.

اقتراحات الترجمة:

يمكن يترجمو كلمة “التوبة” بكلمة أو عبارة تعني “ارجع (إلى الله)” أو “ابتعد عن الخطيئة واتجه لله” أو “ارجع لله ، بعيد عن الخطيئة”
غالبًا كلمة “التوبة” ممكن يترجمو باستخدام فعل “التوبة”. مثلا ، " الله ادى التوبة لاسرائيل “يمكن يترجمو زي " الله خلى اسرائيل يتوبوا”.
طرق اخرى لترجمة “التوبة” يمكن تشمل"الابتعاد عن الخطيئة" أو “الرجوع لله والابتعاد عن الخطيئة”

(See also: forgive, sin, turn)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

16:2 After many years of disobeying God and being oppressed by their enemies, the Israelites repented and asked God to rescue them.
17:13 David repented of his sin and God forgave him.
19:18 They (prophets) warned people that God would destroy them if they did not repent.
24:2 Many people came out to the wilderness to listen to John. He preached to them, saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of God is near!”
42:8 “It was also written in the scriptures that my disciples will proclaim that everyone should repent in order to receive forgiveness for their sins.”
44:5 “So now, repent and turn to God so that your sins will be washed away.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5150, H5162, H5164, G278, G3338, G3340, G3341

تجرب ،تجربة

Key Terms :: تجرب ،تجربة

التعريف:

عشان تجرب شخص هو محاولة عشان تخلى الشخص داك يعمل خطا.

التجربة دي حاجة البتخلي الشخص يكون داير يعمل حاجة خطأ.
الناس بتجربوا بواسطة طبيعتهم الخاطئة و بواسطة الناس التانين.
الشيطان كمان بجرب الناس عشان ما يطيعوا الله ويخطئوا ضد الله بارتكاب حاجات خاطئة.
الشيطان جرب يسوع وحاول يخليهو يعمل حاجة خطأ ، لكن يسوع قاوم كل تجارب الشيطان وما عمل خطأ أبدا.
الشخص “البجرب الله” ما بحاول يخليهو يعمل خطأ، لكن يستمر في العناد و عدم الطاعة لدرجة أنو الله يرد بمعاقبته. و ده البسموه كمان “اختبار الله”.

مقترحات ترجمة:

كلمة “يجرب” ممكن يترجمو زي “يحاول يخطأ” أو “يجذب” أو “يثير الرغبة للخطية”.
طرق ترجمة "التجارب"ممكن تشمل ، “الحاجات البتجرب” أو “الحاجات البثير شخص معين للخطية” أو “الحاجات البثير الرغبة في عمل حاجة خطأ”.
“تجرب الله” ممكن يترجمو زي “تخت الله في اختبار” أو “تختبر الله” أو “تختبر صبر الله” أو “تخلي الله يعاقب” أو “تستمر ما تطيع الله بعناد”.

(See also: disobey, Satan, sin, test)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

25:1 Then Satan came to Jesus and tempted him to sin.
25:8 Jesus did not give in to Satan’s temptations, so Satan left him.
38:11 Jesus told his disciples to pray that they would not enter into temptation.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H974, H4531, H5254, G551, G1598, G3985, G3986, G3987

تلميذ

Key Terms :: تلميذ

التعريف:

الكلمة “تلميذ” يشير للشخص البقعد زمن كفاية مع معلم ويتعلم من شخصية المعلم ده و تعليمه.

الناس البتبعوا يسوع من حوله، يستمعوا لتعليمه ، و يطيعوا ، بنادوهم “تلاميذه”.
يوحنا المعمدان كمان عندو تلاميذ.
خلال خدمة يسوع ، كان في كتار من التلاميذ التبعوه وسمعوا تعاليمه.
يسوع اختار اثنا عشر تلميذ عشان يكونوا أقرب أتباعو ؛ الرجال ديل بقوا معروفين باسم “رسله”.
رسل يسوع الاثنا عشر استمروا يُعرفوهم “كتلاميذه” أو ال "12.
قبل ما يسوع يمشي السماء ، أمر تلاميذه عشان يعلموا ناس تانين كيف يكونوا تلاميذ ليسوع كمان.
اي واحد بؤمن بيسوع وبطيع تعاليمه بسمو تلميذ يسوع.

ترجمة مقترحات:

الكلمة "تلميذ"ممكن يترجمو بكلمة أو عبارة بتعني “تابع” أو “طالب” أو “تلميذ” أو “البتعلم”.
اتأكد انو ترجمة الكلمة دي ما بتشير بس للطالب البتعلم في الفصل.
ترجمةالكلمة دي كمان تكون مختلفة عن ترجمة “الرسول”.

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

30:8 He (Jesus) gave the pieces to his disciples to give to the people. The disciples kept passing out the food, and it never ran out!
38:1 About three years after Jesus first began preaching and teaching publicly, Jesus told his disciples that he wanted to celebrate this Passover with them in Jerusalem, and that he would be killed there.
38:11 Then Jesus went with his disciples to a place called Gethsemane. Jesus told his disciples to pray that they would not enter into temptation.
42:10 Jesus said to his disciples, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. So go, make disciples of all people groups by baptizing them in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, and by teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3928, G3100, G3101, G3102

جيد, صح, حسن, افضل

Key Terms :: جيد, صح, حسن, افضل

تعريف

كلمة “جيد” عمومآ تشيرالي تقييم ايجابي لحاجة كويس او انسان كويس, من ناحية الأخلاق و العواطف الجيد, و علي اي حال الكلمة بيحمل معاني مختلفة داخل الكتاب المقدس معتمد علي حال الجملة جيدة.

كلمة “سمحة” يمكن يكون عاطفيآ ,مفرح, ممتاز, مساعد, مناسب, مفيد, مرشد بحق
في كتاب المقدس, المفهوم العام لمعنى “سمحة” عكس “الشر” او الحاجات الكعبة

مقترح الترجمة

بمفهوم العامة “للخير” في اللغة المستهدف يمكن يستخدم في اي مكان ان كان المعنى, دقيق و طبيعي, خاصة في حالة يكون فيه عكس لشر.
يعتمد علي حالة, و يترجم الكلمة بطريق يمكن يضمن “لطيف” او “ممتاز” او “مقبول عند الله” او “صالح” او “أخلاقي” او “مفيد”.
“الأرض الكويس” يمكن يترجم بالأرض “الخصبة” او “الأرض المنتج” او “الأرض السمح” و يمكن يترجم المحصول “بكتير” او “كمية كبير من المحصول”
عبارة “اعمل كويس له” بيعني تعمل حاجة كويس البستفيدوا منوا و يمكن يترجم “كون كريم” او “مساعد” او " كون مفيد" لأنسان غيرك.
تعمل كويس في السبت" بيعني تعمل" حاجة البساعد الناس في يوم السبت".
يعتمد المعنى علي سياق, طرق ترجمة الكلمة “صلاح” يشمل “بركة” او “محبوب” او “لطيف” او " اخلاق التمام" او “استقامة” او " الطهارة"

(See also: righteous, prosper, evil)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

1:4 God saw that what he had created was good.
1:11 God planted the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
1:12 Then God said, “It is not good for man to be alone.”
2:4 “God just knows that as soon as you eat it, you will be like God and will understand good and evil like he does.”
8:12 “You tried to do evil when you sold me as a slave, but God used the evil for good!”
14:15 Joshua was a good leader because he trusted and obeyed God.
18:13 Some of these kings were good men who ruled justly and worshiped God.
28:1 “Good teacher, what must I do to have eternal life?” Jesus said to him, “Why do you call me ‘good?’ There is only one who is good, and that is God.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H117, H145, H155, H202, H239, H410, H1580, H1926, H1935, H2532, H2617, H2623, H2869, H2895, H2896, H2898, H3190, H3191, H3276, H3474, H3788, H3966, H4261, H4399, H5232, H5750, H6287, H6643, H6743, H7075, H7368, H7399, H7443, H7999, H8231, H8232, H8233, H8389, H8458, G14, G15, G18, G19, G515, G744, G865, G979, G1380, G2095, G2097, G2106, G2107, G2108, G2109, G2114, G2115, G2133, G2140, G2162, G2163, G2174, G2293, G2565, G2567, G2570, G2573, G2887, G2986, G3140, G3617, G3776, G4147, G4632, G4674, G4851, G5223, G5224, G5358, G5542, G5543, G5544

حب، محبوب

Key Terms :: حب، محبوب

التعريف:

عشان تحب شخص آخر هو ان تهتم بيهو وتعمل الحاجات البستفيد منو . في معاني مختلفة لكلمة “حب” بعض اللغات ممكن يعبرو عنو باستخدام كلمات مختلفة .

نوع الحب البيجى من الله بركز على الحاجات الكويسة للاخرين حتى لو ما بستفيد منوالشخص نفسه . نوع الحب دا بيهتم بالآخرين بغض النظر عن البعملوا . الله نفسه هوالمحبةوهو مصدر الحب الحقيقي.

يسوع وضح نوع الحب دا من خلال التضحية بحياته عشان ينقذنا من الخطية والموت . هو برضو علم أتباعو أنو يحبوا الآخرين بالتضحية .
لمن الناس يحبواالآخرين بنوع الحب دا ،بيتصرفو بطرق البتورى أنو هم بفكرو في تقدم الآخرين. خاصة نوع الحب دا بشمل مسامحة الآخرين
في الترجمة الحرفية كلمة “حب” تشير لنوع ده من الحب الفدائي ، و الا مذكرةالترجمة البتوري المعانى المختلفة.

كلمة تانية في العهد الجديد تشير للمحبة الأخوية ، أو محبة الصديق أو واحد من افرادالأسرة.

تشيرالكلمة دي للحب البشري الطبيعي بين الأصحاب أو الأقارب.
الكلمة دي يمكن كمان يستخدمو في بعض الحالات زي ، “هم بحبوا يجلسو في أهم المقاعد في المناسبات.” ده بيعني أنو هم "بحبو شديد " أو “برغبو شديد” عشان يعملو ده .

كلمة “حب” ممكن برضو يوري الحب الرومانسي بين الراجل والمرأة.

اقتراحات الترجمة:

الا لو ما ذكر غير دا في مذكرة الترجمة ، كلمة “حب” في الترجمة الحرفية بتشير لنوع من الحب الفدائي الجاي من الله .
بعض اللغات بتكون عندها كلمة خاصة من النوع ده للحب الفدائي الغير اناني البتمتع بيهو الله .تتضمن طرق الترجمة ده رعاية مخلصة او رعاية غير انانية او محبة من الله .تأكد انو الكلمة المستخدمة في ترجمة محبة الله ممكن تشمل التخلي عن الاهتمامات الخاصة للشخص عشان يفيد الاخرين ومحبتهم بغض النظر عن البعملوا.
مرات الكلمة الإنجليزية “الحب” بيوصف اهتمام الناس الشديد للأصدقاء وأفراد الأسرة. بعض اللغات ممكن تترجم ده بكلمة او عبارة البتعني “يريد شديد” أو “يهتم بـ” أو “عندو تأثير شديد ب”
في الحالات البستخدمو فيهو كلمة “حب” عشان يورى تفضيل قوي لحاجة ، ده ممكن يترجمو بي “يفضل بشدة” أو “يريد شديد” أو “رغبة عظيمة”.
بعض اللغات ممكن تكون عندها كلمة منفصلة بتشير للحب الرومانسي أو الجنسي بين الزوج والزوجة.
لغات كتيرة بتعبر عن “الحب” زي العمل. مثلا ، ممكن يترجمو “الحب هو الصبر ، الحب هو اللطف” زي "لمن الشخص يحب شخص تاني ،هو بكون صبور و لطيف معاه .

(See also: covenant, death, sacrifice, save, sin)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

27:2 The law expert replied that God’s law says, “Love the Lord your God with all your heart, soul, strength, and mind. And love your neighbor as yourself.”
33:8 “The thorny ground is a person who hears God’s word, but, as time passes, the cares, riches, and pleasures of life choke out his love for God.”
36:5 As Peter was talking, a bright cloud came down on top of them and a voice from the cloud said, “This is my Son whom I love.”
39:10 “Everyone who loves the truth listens to me.”
47:1 She (Lydia) loved and worshiped God.
48:1 When God created the world, everything was perfect. There was no sin. Adam and Eve loved each other, and they loved God.
49:3 He (Jesus) taught that you need to love other people the same way you love yourself.
49:4 He (Jesus) also taught that you need to love God more than you love anything else, including your wealth.
49:7 Jesus taught that God loves sinners very much.
49:9 But God loved everyone in the world so much that he gave his only Son so that whoever believes in Jesus will not be punished for his sins, but will live with God forever.
49:13 God loves you and wants you to believe in Jesus so he can have a close relationship with you.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H157, H158, H159, H160, H2245, H2617, H2836, H3039, H4261, H5689, H5690, H5691, H7355, H7356, H7453, H7474, G25, G26, G5360, G5361, G5362, G5363, G5365, G5367, G5368, G5369, G5377, G5381, G5382, G5383, G5388

حقيقي, الحق

Key Terms :: حقيقي, الحق

التعريف

كلمة “الحق” بوري الحقائق, الاحداث, و البيانات البوافق الواقع, الحقائق الحقيقية بوري انو الكون حقيقة موجود, الاحدث الحقيقية هي الاحداث الحصل بالفعل, البيانات الحقيقية هي البيانات الما كازبة حسب العالم الحقيقي

الحقيقة " حاجات واقعية ،اصيلة،فعلية ،صحيحة ،شرعية ،فعلية
حقيقة " بيعني مفاهيم, المعتقدات, حقائق, او البيانات الصحيحة
لمن تقول بان النبوة"تحققت" أو “ستتحقق” يعني بالفعل حصل زي ما متوقع او بيحصل بهذه الطريقة
في الكتاب المقدس مفهوم “الحق” بيشمل مفهوم العمل بطريقة (موثوقة اوامينة)
اظهر يسوع حقيقة الله بالكلمات القالها
الكتاب المقدس هو حقيقة. بعلم الحقائق عن الله و عن كل حاجات العملو.

اقتراحات الترجمة

علس حسب الحال الحاجة الموصوفة بكلمة “حقيقة” يمكن برضو تترجم حقيقة او واقعي او صحيح او حق او مؤكد او اصيل ,
طرق ترجمة كلمة “حقيقة” يمكن يشمل " ما هو حقيقي" او “حق” او “قناعة” او “مبدأ”.
التعبير “اصبح حقيقة” يمكن برضو ترجمته زي “حصل بالفعل” أو “اتحقق” أو “حصل زي ما كان متوقع”
تعبير"قول الحقيقة" أو “تكلم الحقيقة” يمكن برضو يترجم زي “قل الحقيقة” أو “اتكلم الحاجة الحصل بالحقيقة” أو “قل الحاجات الموثوقة”
عشان “تقبل الحق” يمكن ترجم زي “اؤمن بما هو حقيقي عن الله”
في التعبير زي “عبادة الله بالروح والحق”، عبارة “في الحق” برضو يمكن تترجم "بامانة طاعة الله بما علمنا الله به "

(See also: believe, faithful, fulfill, obey, prophet, understand)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

2:4 The snake responded to the woman, “That is not true! You will not die.”
14:6 Immediately Caleb and Joshua, the other two spies, said, “It is __true __ that the people of Canaan are tall and strong, but we can certainly defeat them!”
16:1 The Israelites began to worship the Canaanite gods instead of Yahweh, the __true __ God.
31:8 They worshiped Jesus, saying to him, “Truly, you are the Son of God.”
39:10 “I have come to earth to tell the truth about God. Everyone who loves the truth listens to me.” Pilate said, “What is truth?”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H199, H389, H403, H529, H530, H543, H544, H551, H571, H935, H3321, H3330, H6237, H6656, H6965, H7187, H7189, G225, G226, G227, G228, G230, G1103, G3303, G3483, G3689, G4103, G4137

حكيم ،حكمة

Key Terms :: حكيم ،حكمة

التعريف

كلمة حكيم بوري الانسان البفهم شنو الحقيقة و الحاجات الاخلاقية المفروض يتعمل وبعداك بعملها .“الحكمة” هو فهم و ممارسة الحقائق و الحاجات الاخلاقية الصحيحة

تكون حكيم، بشمل المقدرة على اتخاذ القرارات الجيدة و خاصة اختيار العمل البفرح الله .
الناس بكونوا حكماء باستماعهم لله و طاعتهم المتواضع لارادته.
الانسان الحكيم بوري ثمار الروح القدس من خلال حياته،زي فرح ،لطف ،محبة ،و الصبر

خيارات ترجمة

علي حسب الكلام ده ،الطرق الاخرى لترجمة “حكيم” يمكن يشمل "مطيع لله "او “حساس و مطيع” او "بخاف الله ".
الحكمة يمكن يترجم بكلمة او تعبير البعني "عيشة حكيم " او “العيش بالاحساس و العيش بالطاعة” او “الحكم الجيد”
من الافضل انو نترجم كلمة حكيم و حكمة بالطريقة البوري اختلافهم في الكلمة من الكلمات المفتاحبة زي الصالح او الطاعة

(See also: obey, fruit)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

2:5 She also wanted to be wise, so she picked some of the fruit and ate it.
18:1 When Solomon asked for wisdom, God was pleased and made him the wisest man in the world.
23:9 Some time later, wise men from countries far to the east saw an unusual star in the sky.
45:1 He (Stephen) had a good reputation and was full of the Holy Spirit and of wisdom.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H998, H1350, H2445, H2449, H2450, H2451, H2452, H2454, H2942, H3820, H3823, H6195, H6493, H6912, H7535, H7919, H7922, H8454, G4678, G4679, G4680, G4920, G5428, G5429, G5430

حمل, حمل الله

Key Terms :: حمل, حمل الله

تعريف

كلمة “الحمل” بوري لخروف صغير. الخروف حيوان ليه اربع ارجل، صوفو كتير، يستخدم لذبائح لله. يسوع اسمه “حمل الله” لانو هو كان ذبح ليدفع تمن خطايا الناس.

الحيوانات ديل بودرو بسهولة وبحتاجوا إلى حماية. الله شبه البشر بالخرفان.
الله وجهه ناسو ان يذبحوا الخرفان و الحملان الكامل جسديآ ليه.
يسوع اسمه “حمل الله” الكان مذبوح ليدفع تمن خطاياالناس. هو كان ذبيحة كاملة بلا عيب عشان هو كان كامل بدون خطيئة

مقترحات

لو الخروف بقى معروف بلغة المنطقة، فيجب استخدام اسم صغاره لترجمة المصطلحين “حمل” و “حمل الله”
“حمل الله” يمكن ترجمته زي “حمل ذبيحة الله” او “حمل مذبوح لله” او " (ذبيحة) حمل من الله"
لو الخرفان ما معروف, الكلمة ده يمكن يترجم زي “خروف صغير” مع ملاحظة الطعام البوري شكل الخروف. يمكن الملاحظة برضو قارن الخروف و الحملان الي حيوان البعيش في المرعى من المنطقة ده, هو خجلان و لا يدافع عن نفسه, و عادة مودر من الدرب .
برضو اعتبر كيف الكلمة ده مترجم في ترجمة الكتاب المقدس للغة المحلي القريب او اللغة القومي.

(See: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: sheep, shepherd)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

5:7 As Abraham and Isaac walked to the place of the sacrifice Isaac asked, “Father, we have wood for the sacrifice, but where is the lamb?”
11:2 God provided a way to save the firstborn son of anyone who believed in him. Each family had to choose a perfect lamb or goat and kill it.
24:6 The next day, Jesus came to be baptized by John. When John saw him, he said, “Look! There is the Lamb of God who will take away the sin of the world.”
45:8 He read, “They led him like a lamb to be killed, and as a lamb is silent, he did not say a word.”
48:8 When God told Abraham to offer his son, Isaac, as a sacrifice, God provided a lamb for the sacrifice instead of his son, Isaac. We all deserve to die for our sins! But God provided Jesus, the Lamb of God, as a sacrifice to die in our place.
48:9 When God sent the last plague on Egypt, he told each Israelite family to kill a perfect lamb and spread its blood around the tops and sides of their door frames.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7716, G721, G2316

خطية ،مخطئ ،خاطئ ،يخطئ

Key Terms :: خطية ،مخطئ ،خاطئ ،يخطئ

التعريف

كلمة الخطية بوري اعمال ،افكار و كلمات الما برضي ارادة الله و قوانينه ،الخطية برضو بوري ، لمن نحن نرفض نعمل حاجات الله دايرنا نعملوا

الخطية بشمل اي حاجة نحن بنعملوا يخالف او برضي الله ،حتى بعض حاجات الناس التانين ما بيعرفو
الافكار و الاعمال البخالف ارادة الله بسموها "الشرير "
لان ادم اخطأ ، كل الناس بقوا مولودين بالطبيعة الخاطئة ،الطبيعة البقى مسيطر فيهم والبخليهم يخطوا
الخاطئ ، ده الانسان البخطئ ، عشان كدا كل البشر خطاة
مرات كلمة الخطاة مستخدم بواسطة ناس الين زي الفريسيين ،وبقصدوا بيهو الناس الما بيحفظوا الشريعة زي ما الفريسيين بفتكروا
كلمة خاطئ كان بستخدم برضو لناس البعتبروهم اشرار اكتر من الناس الاخرين ،مثلا :الناس البلموا الضرائب و البميزوا بيهوا العشارين والزناة.

خيارات الترجمة

كلمة “الخطية” يمكن يترجم بكلمة او عبارة البوري "مخالفة الله " او "ماشي ضد ارادة الله " او “الافكار واالتصرفات الشريرة” او "العمل الخاطئ "
تخطأ يمكن برضو يترجم ب "مخالفة الله " او “تعمل خطاء”
على حسب الكلام ده "المخطئ "يمكن يترجم ب "الانسان المليان بالخطية " او "الشرير " او "لا اخلاقي "او "شرير " او "المتمرد ضد الله "
على حسب الكلام ده ، كلمة الخاطئ يمكن يترجم بكلمة او عبارة البوري الانسان "المخطئ " او "الانسان البعمل حاجات كعبة " او "الانسان البخالف كلام الله " او "الانسان البخالف الشريعة "
كلمة “الخطاة” يمكن يترجم بكلمة او عبارة البوري “الناس الخطا شديد” او "الناس البعتبروهم خطاة اكتر " او "الناس الاخلاقهم ما كويس "
طرق ترجمة الناس البجمعوا الضرائب والخطاء يمكن يشمل “الناس البلموا الضرائب” و بعض “الناس البخطئوا كتير دايما” او "الناس البخطئوا كتير "حتى "الناس البلموا الضرائب "
تا كد انو ترجمة الكلمة ده بيشمل الافكار والسلوك الخاطئة حتى الما بشوفوها الناس التانيين ولا بعرفوا عنها .
كلمة خطية لاذم يكون عام و مختلف من كلمات الشر وشرير

(See also: disobey, evil, flesh, tax collector)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

3:15 God said, “I promise I will never again curse the ground because of the evil things people do, or destroy the world by causing a flood, even though people are sinful from the time they are children.”
13:12 God was very angry with them because of their sin and planned to destroy them.
20:1 The kingdoms of Israel and Judah both sinned against God. They broke the covenant that God made with them at Sinai.
21:13 The prophets also said that the Messiah would be perfect, having no sin. He would die to receive the punishment for other people’s sin.
35:1 One day, Jesus was teaching many tax collectors and other sinners who had gathered to hear him.
38:5 Then Jesus took a cup and said, “Drink this. It is my blood of the New Covenant that is poured out for the forgiveness of sins.”
43:11 Peter answered them, “Every one of you should repent and be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ so that God will forgive your sins.”
48:8 We all deserve to die for our sins!
49:17 Even though you are a Christian, you will still be tempted to sin. But God is faithful and says that if you confess your sins, he will forgive you. He will give you strength to fight against sin.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H817, H819, H2398, H2399, H2400, H2401, H2402, H2403, H2408, H2409, H5771, H6588, H7683, H7686, G264, G265, G266, G268, G361, G3781, G3900, G4258

دم

Key Terms :: دم

تعريف

كلمة “دم” بشير لسائل احمر البطلع من جلد الشخص لمن يكون في اصابة او جرح. الغذاءبجيب الدم البدي الحياة لجسم الشخص كله. في الكتاب المقدس, كلمة “دم” غالبآ يستخدم علي نحو تصويري ليعنى “حياة” او مفاهيم تانية مختلفة .

لمن الناس يعملوا ذبائح لله, بقتلوا حيوان و برشوا دمه علي المذبح. ده برمز لتضحية حيوان ليدفع خطية الناس .
التعبير " جسد و دم" بشير للبشر.
التعبير “جسمو و دمو” بوري الناس المرتبطين بألدم.

مقترحات الترجمة

الكلمة ده تترجم بالكلمة البستخدموا لدم في اللغة المستهدف.
التعبير “جسد و دم” يمكن يترجم زي “ناس” او “بشر”.
علي حسب الحالة, التعبير “جسمي و دمي” يمكن ترجمته زي “اسرتي” او “اهلي” او “ناسي”.
لو كان في عبارة في اللغة المستهدف بستخدمو للمعنى ده, التعبير ده يمكن يستخدم لترجمة “جسد و دم”

(See also: bloodshed; flesh; life)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

8:3 Before Joseph’s brothers returned home, they tore Joseph’s robe and dipped it in goat’s blood.
10:3 God turned the Nile River into blood, but Pharaoh still would not let the Israelites go.
11:5 All the houses of the Israelites had blood around the doors, so God passed over those houses and everyone inside was safe. They were saved because of the lamb’s blood.
13:9 The blood of the animal that was sacrificed covered the person’s sin and made that person clean in God’s sight.
38:5 Then Jesus took a cup and said, “Drink this. It is my blood of the New Covenant that is poured out for the forgiveness of sins.”
48:10 When anyone believes in Jesus, the blood of Jesus takes away that person’s sin, and God’s punishment passes over him.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1818, H5332, G129, G130, G131

ذنب, مذنب

Key Terms :: ذنب, مذنب

تعريف:

كلمة “ذنب” بشير لحقيقة عمل خطية او عمل جريمة.

عشان “تكون مذنب” بيعني انو تعمل حاجة خطا اخلاقيآ، الهو مخالفة الله.
عكس كلمة “مذنب” هو “برئ”.

مقترحات الترجمة:

بعض اللغات ممكن تترجم “الذنب” زي “الخطية التقيل” او “محاسبة الخطايا”
“طرق ترجمة " يكون مذنب” ممكن تشمل كلمة او عبارة البيعني, ان “تكون على خطا” او “عمل حاجة خطا أخلاقيا"أو” عمل جريمة".

(See also: innocent, iniquity, punish, sin)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

39:2 They brought many witnesses who lied about him (Jesus). However, their statements did not agree with each other, so the Jewish leaders could not prove he was guilty of anything.
39:11 After speaking with Jesus, Pilate went out to the crowd and said, “I find no guilt in this man.” But the Jewish leaders and the crowd shouted, “Crucify him!” Pilate replied, “He is not guilty.” But they shouted even louder. Then Pilate said a third time, “He is not guilty!”
40:4 Jesus was crucified between two robbers. One of them mocked Jesus, but the other said, “Don’t you fear God? We are guilty, but this man is innocent.”
49:10 Because of your sin, you are guilty and deserve to die.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0816, H0817, H0818, H5352, H5355, H7563, G0338, G1777, G3784, G5267

رب ،الرب ، سيد، سيدي

Key Terms :: رب ،الرب ، سيد، سيدي

<<<<<<< HEAD

تعريف:

فى الكتاب المقدس كلمة “رب” تشير بشكل عام للشخص العندو ملكية او سلطة على الناس التانين. و مع ده تستخدم الكلمة فى الكتاب المقدس عشان يخاطبوا بيها انواع مختلفة من الناس ، كمان الله.

الكلمة ده أحيانا بترجمو زي “سيد” لمن يخاطب يسوع أو لمن يشير للشخص العندو عبيد.
بعض النسخ الإنجليزية تترجم ده زي “سيدي” في الحالات لمن يكون الشخص مخاطب شخص معين بأدب في مكانة عالية.

في العهد القديم، الكلمة دي مستخدمة كمان في عبارات زي “الرب الاله القدير” أو “يهوه الرب” أو “ربنا يهوه”
في العهد الجديد، الرسل استخدموا الكلمة دي في عبارات زي “الرب يسوع” و “الرب يسوع المسيح” ، البوري أنو يسوع هو الله.
كلمة “الرب” يُستخدم في العهد الجديد براه زي مرجع مباشر لله ، خاصة في الاقتباسات من العهد القديم. مثلا ، نص العهد القديم يقول “طوبى لمن يأتي باسم يهوه” ونص العهد الجديد “طوبى لمن يأتي باسم الرب”.
في ULT و UST ، عنوان “الرب” بيستخدموه فقط لترجمة اصل الكلمات العبرية واليونانية البتعني فعلا “الرب”. ما بيستخدم ابدا في الترجمة لاسم الله (يهوه)، زي ما هو تم في الترجمات الكتيرة.
بعض اللغات تترجم “رب” إلى “سيد” أو “حاكم” أو اي كلمة تانية ينقل الملكية أو الحكم الاعلى.
في الحالات المناسبة، تستخدم كتير من الترجمات الحرف الأول من الكلمة دي بالحرف الكبير عشان يوضح للقارئ أنو ده عنوان بشير لله.
بالنسبة للأماكن في العهد الجديد البكون فيه اقتباس من العهد القديم ، كلمة “رب الإله” ممكن يستخدموعشان يوضح أنو دا إشارة لله.

اقتراحات الترجمة:

الكلمة ده ممكن يترجمو بما يعادل ل “سيد” لمن يشير للشخص العندو عبيد. ممكن كمان يستخدمو الخادم عشان يخاطب الشخص البشتغل عندو.
لمن يشير ليسوع، لو أظهر الحالة أنو المتكلم بشوفوا زي معلم ديني، فممكن يترجمو بعنوان محترم لمعلم ديني، زي “سيد”.
لو الشخص البخاطب يسوع ما بيعرفو ، فيمكن ترجمة “رب” بشكل عنوان محترم زي “سيدي”. يمكن استخدام الترجمة ده كمان في حالات الفيهو شخص محترم يخاطب شخص بشكل مأدب.
لمن يشير لله الآب أو يسوع، يعتبر الكلمة ده عنوان مكتوب ك “رب” (بأحرف كبيرة) بالانجليزية. =======

lord, Lord, master, sir

تعريف:

Definition:

فى الكتاب المقدس كلمة “رب” تشير بشكل عام للشخص العندو ملكية او سلطة على الناس التانين. و مع ده تستخدم الكلمة فى الكتاب المقدس عشان يخاطبوا بيها انواع مختلفة من الناس ، كمان الله. In the Bible, the term “lord” generally refers to someone who has ownership or authority over other people. In the Bible, however, the term is used to address many different kinds of people, including God.

الكلمة ده أحيانا بترجمو زي “سيد” لمن يخاطب يسوع أو لمن يشير للشخص العندو عبيد.

This word is sometimes translated as “master” when addressing Jesus or when referring to someone who owns slaves.

بعض النسخ الإنجليزية تترجم ده زي “سيدي” في الحالات لمن يكون الشخص مخاطب شخص معين بأدب في مكانة عالية.

Some English versions translate this as “sir” in contexts where someone is politely addressing someone of higher status.

لمن يبدا “الرب” بحرف كبير في اللغة الانجليزية، ده عنوان يشير لله. مع ده، لاحظ ما انو لمن يتم استخدامه كشكل من مخاطبة شخص معين او يحصل في بداية الجملة ،ممكن يتم كتابته بحروف كبيرة ويكون عندو معنى “سيدي” أو “سيد” When “Lord” is capitalized, it is a title that refers to God. (Note, however, that when it is used as a form of addressing someone or it occurs at the beginning of a sentence it may be capitalized and have the meaning of “sir” or “master.”)

في العهد القديم، الكلمة دي مستخدمة كمان في عبارات زي “الرب الاله القدير” أو “يهوه الرب” أو “ربنا يهوه”

In the Old Testament, this term is also used in expressions such as “Lord God Almighty” or “Lord Yahweh” or “Yahweh our Lord.”

في العهد الجديد، الرسل استخدموا الكلمة دي في عبارات زي “الرب يسوع” و “الرب يسوع المسيح” ، البوري أنو يسوع هو الله.

In the New Testament, the apostles used this term in expressions such as “Lord Jesus” and “Lord Jesus Christ,” which communicate that Jesus is God.

كلمة “الرب” يُستخدم في العهد الجديد براه زي مرجع مباشر لله ، خاصة في الاقتباسات من العهد القديم. مثلا ، نص العهد القديم يقول “طوبى لمن يأتي باسم يهوه” ونص العهد الجديد “طوبى لمن يأتي باسم الرب”.

The term “Lord” in the New Testament is also used alone as a direct reference to God, especially in quotations from the Old Testament. For example, the Old Testament text has “Blessed is he who comes in the name of Yahweh” and the New Testament text has “Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.”

في ULT و UST ، عنوان “الرب” بيستخدموه فقط لترجمة اصل الكلمات العبرية واليونانية البتعني فعلا “الرب”. ما بيستخدم ابدا في الترجمة لاسم الله (يهوه)، زي ما هو تم في الترجمات الكتيرة.

In the ULT and UST, the title “Lord” is only used to translate the actual Hebrew and Greek words that mean “Lord.” It is never used as a translation of God’s name (Yahweh), as is done in many translations.

بعض اللغات تترجم “رب” إلى “سيد” أو “حاكم” أو اي كلمة تانية ينقل الملكية أو الحكم الاعلى.

Some languages translate “Lord” as “Master” or “Ruler” or some other term that communicates ownership or supreme rule.

في الحالات المناسبة، تستخدم كتير من الترجمات الحرف الأول من الكلمة دي بالحرف الكبير عشان يوضح للقارئ أنو ده عنوان بشير لله.

In the appropriate contexts, many translations capitalize the first letter of this term to make it clear to the reader that this is a title referring to God.

بالنسبة للأماكن في العهد الجديد البكون فيه اقتباس من العهد القديم ، كلمة “رب الإله” ممكن يستخدموعشان يوضح أنو دا إشارة لله.

For places in the New Testament where there is a quote from the Old Testament, the term “Lord God” could be used to make it clear that this is a reference to God.

اقتراحات الترجمة:

Translation Suggestions:

الكلمة ده ممكن يترجمو بما يعادل ل “سيد” لمن يشير للشخص العندو عبيد. ممكن كمان يستخدمو الخادم عشان يخاطب الشخص البشتغل عندو.

This term can be translated with the equivalent of “master” when it refers to a person who owns slaves. It can also be used by a servant to address the person he works for.

لمن يشير ليسوع، لو أظهر الحالة أنو المتكلم بشوفوا زي معلم ديني، فممكن يترجمو بعنوان محترم لمعلم ديني، زي “سيد”.

When it refers to Jesus, if the context shows that the speaker sees him as a religious teacher, it can be translated with a respectful address for a religious teacher, such as “master.”

لو الشخص البخاطب يسوع ما بيعرفو ، فيمكن ترجمة “رب” بشكل عنوان محترم زي “سيدي”. يمكن استخدام الترجمة ده كمان في حالات الفيهو شخص محترم يخاطب شخص بشكل مأدب.

If the person addressing Jesus does not know him, “lord” could be translated with a respectful form of address such as “sir.” This translation would also be used for other contexts in which a polite form of address to a man is called for.

لمن يشير لله الآب أو يسوع، يعتبر الكلمة ده عنوان مكتوب ك “رب” (بأحرف كبيرة) بالانجليزية.

When referring to God the Father or to Jesus, this term is considered a title, written as “Lord” (capitalized) in English.

(See also: God, Jesus, ruler, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

25:5 But Jesus replied to Satan by quoting from the Scriptures. He said, “In God’s word, he commands his people, ‘Do not test the Lord your God.’”
25:7 Jesus replied, “Get away from me, Satan! In God’s word he commands his people, ‘Worship only the Lord your God and only serve him.’”
26:3 This is the year of the Lord’s favor.
27:2 The law expert replied that God’s law says, “Love the Lord your God with all your heart, soul, strength, and mind.”
31:5 Then Peter said to Jesus, “Master, if it is you, command me to come to you on the water”
43:9 “But know for certain that God has caused Jesus to become both Lord and Messiah!”
47:3 By means of this demon she predicted the future for people, she made a lot of money for her masters as a fortuneteller.
47:11 Paul answered, “Believe in Jesus, the Master, and you and your family will be saved.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0113, H0136, H1167, H1376, H4756, H7980, H8323, G0203, G0634, G0962, G1203, G2962

رجس ، مكروه

Key Terms :: رجس ، مكروه

التعريف:

الكلمة “رجس” بستخدموه عشان يشير لحاجة البسبب الاشمئزاز أو الكراهية الشديد.

المصريين ختو في بالهم عن الشعب العبراني هم “رجس”. دا بيعني أن المصريين كرهوا العبرانيين وهم ما دايرين عشان ينضموا أو يقربو منهم.
بعض الحاجات البسميها الكتاب المقدس “البكرهو يهوه” يشمل الكذب ، والكبرياء ، وذبيحة بالبشر، وعبادة الأوثان ، والقتل ، والخطايا الجنسية زي الزنا والمثلية الجنسية.
يسوع أشار لنبوة النبي دانيال عن “رجس الخراب” في تعليم تلاميذه عن نهاية الزمان، المنو حيكون تمردا على الله، مما ينجس مكان عبادتو.

اقتراحات الترجمة:

الكلمة “رجس” ممكن كمان يترجمو بواسطة “حاجة الله بيكره” أو “حاجة كريهة” أو “ممارسة كريهة” أو “عمل شرير شديد”.
اعتمادًا على حسب الحالة، طرق لترجمة عبارة “مكروه لى” ممكن يشمل “مكروه شديد ب” أو “هو مكروه لي” أو “ما مقبول تماما ل” أو “يسبب كره عميق”.
عبارة “رجس الخراب” ممكن يترجمو زي “كائن منجس يسبب في انو يصيب الناس بضرر كبير” أو “حاجة مكروه يسبب حزن عظيم”.

(See also: adultery, desecrate, desolate, false god, sacrifice)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0887, H6292, H8251, H8262, H8263, H8441, G946

رحمة، رحيم

Key Terms :: رحمة، رحيم

التعريف:

تشير الكلمات “رحمة” و “رحيم” لمساعدة الناس المحتاجين ، و خاصة لمن يكونوا متواضعيين او في حالة التواضع .

كلمة"رحمة" ممكن برضو تشمل عدم معاقبة الناس على حاجة خطأ عملوا.
الشخص القوي زى الملك بوصفوه “كرحيم” لمن يعامل الناس بحنية بدل ما ياذيهم.
تكون رحيم يعني كمان تسامح شخص العمل لينا خطأ .
نظهر الرحمة لمن نساعد الناس المحتاجين شديد .
الله رحيم لينا ودايرنا نرحم الاخرين.

اقتراحات الترجمة:

على حسب الحال “رحمة” ممكن يترجمو زي “الحنان” أو “الشفقة” أو “الرأفة”.
كلمة “رحيم” ممكن يترجمو زي “إظهار الرافة” أو “الحنان” أو “المسامحة”
“تظهر الرحمة ل” أو “ارحم على” ممكن يترجمو زي “يعامل بحنان” أو “يتعاطف معاهو”.

(See also: compassion, forgive)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

19:16 They (the prophets) all told the people to stop worshiping idols and to start showing justice and mercy to others.
19:17 He (Jeremiah) sank down into the mud that was in the bottom of the well, but then the king had mercy on him and ordered his servants to pull Jeremiah out of the well before he died.
20:12 The Persian Empire was strong but merciful to the people it conquered.
27:11 Then Jesus asked the law expert, “What do you think? Which one of the three men was a neighbor to the man who was robbed and beaten?” He replied, “The one who was merciful to him.”
32:11 But Jesus said to him, “No, I want you to go home and tell your friends and family about everything that God has done for you and how he has had mercy on you.”
34:9 “But the tax collector stood far away from the religious ruler, did not even look up to heaven. Instead, he pounded on his chest and prayed, ‘God, please be merciful to me because I am a sinner.’”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2551, H2603, H2604, H2616, H2617, H2623, H3722, H3727, H4627, H4819, H5503, H5504, H5505, H5506, H6014, H7349, H7355, H7356, H7359, G1653, G1655, G1656, G2433, G2436, G3628, G3629, G3741, G4698

روح, روح الله, روح الرب, روح القدس

Key Terms :: روح, روح الله, روح الرب, روح القدس

الحقائق

الكلمات ديل كل بوري الروح القدس ، الهو الله. الحقيقي الوحيد , القاعد إلى الأبد, زي الآب والابن والروح القدس.

الروح القدس برضو بوري “الروح” و “روح يهوه” و “روح الحق”
لعشان الروح القدس هو الله ، وهو مقدس تمامًا ونضيف بلا حدود, وكامل أخلاقيًا في الطبيعة حقو وفي الشغل البيعملو
الروح سوى مع الأب و الأبن كان نشيط في حلق العالم
لمن ابن الله يسوع رجا، إلى السماء ، الله رسل الروح القدس لشعبه, ليقودهم, ويعلمهم, ويعزيهم, ويمكّنهم من عمل ارادة الله
الروح القدس قاد يسوع وهو يقود الناس البيؤمنو بيسوع

مقترحات الترجمة

يمكن بالبساطة ترجمة هذا العبارة بالكلمات المستخدمة في ترجمة “مقدس” و “روح”
طرق ترجمة العبارة ده يمكن أن يشمل “الروح الطاهر” أو “الروح القدس” أو “الله الروح”

(See also: holy, spirit, God, Lord, God the Father, Son of God, gift)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

1:1 But God’s Spirit was there over the water.
24:8 When Jesus came up out of the water after being baptized, the Spirit of God appeared in the form of a dove and came down and rested on him.
26:1 After overcoming Satan’s temptations, Jesus returned in the power of the Holy Spirit to the region of Galilee where he lived.
26:3 Jesus read, “God has given me his Spirit so that I can proclaim good news to the poor, freedom to captives, recovery of sight for the blind, and release to the oppressed.”
42:10 “So go, make disciples of all people groups by baptizing them in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit and by teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you.”
43:3 They were all filled with the Holy Spirit and they began to speak in other languages.
43:8 “And Jesus has sent the Holy Spirit just as he promised he would do. The Holy Spirit is causing the things that you are are now seeing and hearing.”
43:11 Peter answered them, “Every one of you should repent and be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ so that God will forgive your sins. Then he will also give you the gift of the Holy Spirit.”
45:1 He (Stephen) had a good reputation and was full of the Holy Spirit and of wisdom.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3068, H6944, H7307, G40, G4151

روح، ريح، نفس

Key Terms :: روح، ريح، نفس

تعريف:

كلمة “روح” بتشير للجزء الغير مادي من الشخص و الما ممكن يشوفوه. في مفهوم الكتاب المقدس، روح الشخص عندو علاقة قريبة بمفهوم نفس الشخص. الكلمة كمان ممكن تشير للرياح، و دي حركة الهواء في العالم الطبيعي.؟

كلمة “روح” ممكن تشير للكائن الما عندو جسد مادي، زي الروح الشريرة.
بشكل عام، كلمة “روحي” بيوصف الحاجات في العالم الغير المادي.
كلمة “روح ال” ممكن تعني كمان “عندها خصائص ال” زي في “روح الحكمة” أو “في روح إيليا”. أحيانا الكتاب المقدس يستخدم الكلمة دي على حسب موقف الشخص أو حالته العاطفية، زي “روح الخوف” و “روح الغيرة”.
يسوع قال الله روح.

مقترحات الترجمة:

على حسب الحالة، بعض طرق ترجمة “الروح” ممكن تشمل “كائن غير مادي” أو “جزء داخلي” أو “كائن داخلي”.
في بعض الحالات ، كلمة “روح” ممكن يترجمو زي “روح شرير” أو “كائن روحي شرير”.
أحيانا كلمة “روح” بيستخدمو عشان يعبر عن مشاعر شخص ، زي في " روحي حزين في داخلي." دا ممكن يترجمو كمان زي " شعرت بالحزن في روحي" أو “شعرت بحزن عميق.”
عبارة “روح ال” ممكن يترجمو زي “شخصية ال” أو "تأثير " أو “موقف” أو “تفكير (ده هو) يتميز بي.”
على حسب الحالة، “روحي” ممكن يترجمو زي “غير جسدي” أو “من الروح القدس” أو “الهي” أو “جزء من العالم الغير المادي”.
عبارة “النضج الروحي” يمكن ترجمو زي “سلوك صالح البظهر طاعة الروح القدس”.
كلمة “موهبة روحية” ممكن يترجمو زي “قدرة خاصة البقدمها الروح القدس”.
احيان الكلمة دي ممكن يترجموها زي “ريح” لمن يشير لحركة الهوا البسيطة أو “التنفس” لمن يشير لحركة الهواء البسببها الكائنات الحية.

(See also: soul, Holy Spirit, demon, breath)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

13:3 Three days later, after the people had prepared themselves spiritually, God came down on top of Mount Sinai with thunder, lightning, smoke, and a loud trumpet blast.
40:7 Then Jesus cried out, “It is finished! Father, I give my spirit into your hands.” Then he bowed his head and gave up his spirit.
45:5 As Stephen was dying, he cried out, “Jesus, receive my spirit.”
48:7 All the people groups are blessed through him, because everyone who believes in Jesus is saved from sin, and becomes a spiritual descendant of Abraham.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H178, H1172, H5397, H7307, H7308, G4151, G4152, G4153, G5326, G5427

سماء،فضاء،سموات ،سماوي

Key Terms :: سماء،فضاء،سموات ،سماوي

التعريف

الكلمة المترجم زي “السماء” دايما بوري المكان الموجود فيه الله .نفس الكلمة ممكن برضو يعني “الفضاء” على حسب التعبير .

كلمة “السموات” بوري اي حاجة البنشوفو فوق الارض حتى الشمس ،القمر و النجوم .و بشمل برضو الاجسام السماوية زي الكواكب البعيدة الما بنشوفو طوالي من الارض .
كلمة “الفضاء” بوري الفسحة الزرقاء الفوق للارض العندو سحب و الهواء البنتنفسو .عادة بقولو الشمس والقمر برضو قعدين فوق في الفضاء.
في بعض الحالات في الكتاب المقدس كلمة “السماء” ممكن يوري الفضاء او المكان الموجود فيه الله .

مقترحات الترجمة

بالنسبة لملكوت السموات في كتاب متى من الافضل نحتفظ بكلمة السماء لانو بميز انجيل متى .
كلمة "السموات " او "الاجسام السماوية " يمكن يترجم زي الشمس ،القمر والنجوم او كل النجوم الفي الدنيا .
العبارة، “نجوم السماء” يمكن يترجم زي “نجوم في السماء” او “النجوم في المجرة” او “النجوم في الدنيا”

(See also: kingdom of God)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

4:2 They even began building a tall tower to reach heaven.
14:11 He (God) gave them bread from heaven, called “manna.”
23:7 Suddenly, the skies were filled with angels praising God, saying, “Glory to God in heaven and peace on earth to the people he favors!”
29:9 Then Jesus said, “This is what my heavenly Father will do to every one of you if you do not forgive your brother from your heart.”
37:9 Then Jesus looked up to heaven and said, “Father, thank you for hearing me.”
42:11 Then Jesus went up to heaven, and a cloud hid him from their sight.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1534, H6160, H6183, H7834, H8064, H8065, G932, G2032, G3321, G3770, G3771, G3772

شريعة, شريعة موسى, شريعة يهوه, شريعة الله,

Key Terms :: شريعة, شريعة موسى, شريعة يهوه, شريعة الله,

تعريف:

ببساطة، كلمة " شريعة" بوري قانون او توجيهات اللازم يتبعوها. في الكتاب المقدس، كلمة “شريعة” غالبًا تستخدم بصورة عامة عشان يوري اي حاجة و كل حاجة الله دايرو من الناس يطيعوه و يعملوا. كلمة “شريعة موسى” بصورة خاصة بشير للوصايا و التوجيهات الله اداه لموسى عشان يديه لشعب اسرائيل ليطيعوها.

اعتمادآ على حسب الحال، “القانون” ممكن يشير الى:
الوصايا العشر الكتبها الله على لوحين حجر للاسرائيليين.
كل الشريعة ادوها لموسى
الكتب الخمسة الأولى في العهد القديم.
العهد القديم كلو (برضو بيعرف باسم "الكتاب المقدس " في العهد الجديد).
كل توجيهات الله و ارادته.
عبارة “الناموس و الأنبياء” تستخدم في العهد الجديد عشان يوري الكتب العبرية (او " العهد القديم").

مقترحات الترجمة:

الكلمات ديل يمكن يترجموهم باستخدام جمع “القوانين” ما دام بتشير لتوجيهات كتيرة.
كلمة “شريعة موسى” يمكن يترجمو زي “القوانين الله كلم بيهو موسى عشان يديه للاسرائيليين”.
اعتمادآ على حسب الحال، “شريعة موسى” يمكن برضو يترجمو زي “الشريعة الله كلم بيه موسى” او قوانين الله الكتبها موسى" او “القوانين الله كلم موسى يديها لشعب اسرائيل”.
طرق ترجمة “القانون” او “قانون الله” او “قوانين الله” يمكن يشمل “قوانين من الله” او “اوامر الله” او "قوانين الأداه الله " او “اي حاجة الله امر بيها” او “كل توجيهات الله”
عبارة “شريعة يهوه” يمكن يترجمو برضو زي “قوانين يهوه” او “قوانين يهوه قال يطيعوا” او “قوانين من الله” او “حاجات يهوه امر بيها”.

(See also: instruct, Moses, Ten Commandments, lawful, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

13:7 God also gave many other laws and rules to follow. If the people obeyed these laws, God promised that he would bless and protect them. If they disobeyed them, God would punish them.
13:9 Anyone who disobeyed God’s law could bring an animal to the altar in front of the Tent of Meeting as a sacrifice to God.
15:13 Then Joshua reminded the people of their obligation to obey the covenant that God had made with the Israelites at Sinai. The people promised to remain faithful to God and follow his laws.
16:1 After Joshua died, the Israelites disobeyed God and did not drive out the rest of the Canaanites or obey God’s laws.
21:5 In the New Covenant, God would write his law on the people’s hearts, the people would know God personally, they would be his people, and God would forgive their sins.
27:1 Jesus answered, “What is written in God’s law?”
28:1 Jesus said to him, “Why do you call me ‘good?’ There is only one who is good, and that is God. But if you want to have eternal life, obey God’s laws.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H430, H1881, H1882, H2706, H2710, H3068, H4687, H4872, H4941, H8451, G2316, G3551, G3565

شيطان ، ابليس ،الشرير

Key Terms :: شيطان ، ابليس ،الشرير

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حقائق:

بالرغم أن ابليس هو كائن روحي الله خلقه،اتمرد على الله وبقى عدو الله . الابليس هو كمان اسمو “شيطان” و “واحد شرير” .

الأبليس بكره الله وكل حاجة خلقه لانو داير يشيل مكان الله ويعبدوه زي الله .
الشيطان بغري الناس عشان يتمردوا ضد الله.
الله رسل ابنه، يسوع ، عشان ينقذ الناس من سيطرة الشيطان.
الاسم “الشيطان” يعني “مخاصم” أو “عدو”.
الكلمة “ابليس” تعني “المشتكي”.

مقترحات الترجمة:

كلمة “ابليس” يمكن يترجمو كمان زي “المشتكي” أو “شرير” أو “ملك الأرواح الشريرة” أو “الرئيس الروح الشرير”.
“شيطان” ممكن يترجمو زي “مقاوم” أو “مخاصم” أو اي اسم تاني البشير انو هو “الشرير”.
الكلمات ديل لاذم يترجمو بشكل مختلف من شيطان و روح شرير .
اعتبر كيف يترجم الكلمات ديل في الغة محلية أو قومية. =======

Satan, devil, evil oneر

حقائق

Facts:

بالرغم أن ابليس هو كائن روحي الله خلقه،اتمرد على الله وبقى عدو الله . الابليس هو كمان اسمو “شيطان” و “واحد شرير” . Although the devil is a spirit being that God created, he rebelled against God and became God’s enemy. The devil is also called “Satan” and “the evil one.”

الأبليس بكره الله وكل حاجة خلقه لانو داير يشيل مكان الله ويعبدوه زي الله .

The devil hates God and all that God created because he wants to take the place of God and be worshiped as God.

الشيطان بغري الناس عشان يتمردوا ضد الله.

Satan tempts people to rebel against God

الله رسل ابنه، يسوع ، عشان ينقذ الناس من سيطرة الشيطان.

God sent his Son, Jesus, to rescue people from Satan’s control.

الاسم “الشيطان” يعني “مخاصم” أو “عدو”.

The name “Satan” means “adversary” or “enemy.”

الكلمة “ابليس” تعني “المشتكي”.

The word “devil” means “accuser.”

مقترحات الترجمة

Translation Suggestions:

كلمة “ابليس” يمكن يترجمو كمان زي “المشتكي” أو “شرير” أو “ملك الأرواح الشريرة” أو “الرئيس الروح الشرير”.

The word “devil” could also be translated as “the accuser” or “the evil one” or “the king of evil spirits” or “the chief evil spirit.”

“شيطان” ممكن يترجمو زي “مقاوم” أو “مخاصم” أو اي اسم تاني البشير انو هو “الشرير”.

“Satan” could be translated as “Opponent” or “Adversary” or some other name that shows that he is the devil.

الكلمات ديل لاذم يترجمو بشكل مختلف من شيطان و روح شرير .

These terms should be translated differently from demon and evil spirit.

اعتبر كيف يترجم الكلمات ديل في الغة محلية أو قومية.

Consider how these terms are translated in a local or national language.

(See: How to Translate Unknowns

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: demon, evil, kingdom of God, tempt)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

21:1 The snake who deceived Eve was Satan. The promise meant that the Messiah who would come would defeat Satan completely.
25:6 Then Satan showed Jesus all the kingdoms of the world and all their glory and said, “I will give you all this if you bow down and worship me.”
25:8 Jesus did not give in to Satan’s temptations, so Satan left him.
33:6 So Jesus explained, “The seed is the word of God. The path is a person who hears God’s word, but does not understand it, and the devil takes the word from him.”
38:7 After Judas took the bread, Satan entered into him.
48:4 God promised that one of Eve’s descendants would crush Satan’s head, and Satan would wound his heel. This meant that Satan would kill the Messiah, but God would raise him to life again, and then the Messiah will crush the power of Satan forever.
49:15 God has taken you out of Satan’s kingdom of darkness and put you into God’s kingdom of light.
50:9 “The weeds represent the people who belong to the evil one. The enemy who planted the weeds represents the devil.”
50:10 “When the world ends, the angels will gather together all the people who belong to the devil and throw them into a raging fire, where they will cry and grind their teeth in terrible suffering.”
50:15 When Jesus returns, he will completely destroy Satan and his kingdom. He will throw Satan into hell where he will burn forever, along with everyone who chose to follow him rather than to obey God.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7700, H7854, H8163, G1139, G1140, G1141, G1142, G1228, G4190, G4566, G4567

شيطان ـ مسكون

Key Terms :: شيطان ـ مسكون

التعريف:

الزول البسكنه شيطان عندو شيطان أو روح شرير البسيطر على عملو وتفكيرو.

عادةالزول البسكنه شيطان بيأذي نفسه أو الناس التانين لانو الشيطان بخليهو يعمل كده.
يسوع شفي الناس السكنهم الشيطان من خلال امره للشياطين انو يطلعوا منهم. وده بسمو عادة “الطرد” الشياطين.

مقترحات الترجمة:

طرق تانية لترجمة الكلمة دي ممكن تشمل “المسيطر عليهو الشيطان” أو “مسيطر عليهو روح شرير” أو “مسكون بروح شرير”.

(See also: demon)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

26:9 Many people who had demons in them were brought to Jesus.
32:2 When they reached the other side of the lake, a demon-possessed man came running up to Jesus.
32:6 The man with the demon cried out in a loud voice, “What do you want with me, Jesus, Son of the Most High God? Please do not torture me!”
32:9 The people from the town came and saw the man who used to have the demons.
47:3 Every day as they (Paul and Silas) walked there, a slave girl possessed by a demon followed them.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1139

شيطان، روح شريرة ، روح نجسة

Key Terms :: شيطان، روح شريرة ، روح نجسة

تعريف:

كل الكلمات ديل بتشير للشياطين ، وهم كائنات روحية بتعارض مشيئة الله.

الله خلق الملايكة عشان يخدموا. لمن اتمرد الشيطان على الله ، بعض الملايكة كمان اتمردوا و طردوهم من السماء. في اعتقاد أنو الشياطين والأرواح الشريرة ديل “الملائكة السقطوا”.
احيانا الشياطين ديل بسموهم “أرواح نجسة”. الكلمة “نجس” يعني “غير طاهر” أو “شرير” أو “غير مقدس”. ل* أنو الشياطين بيخدموا إبليس ، هم بيعملوا حاجات شريرة. احيانا بسكنوا داخل الناس و بتحكموا فيهم.
الشياطين اقوى من الكائن البشري ، لكن ما قويين زي الله.

مقترحات الترجمة:

ممكن كمان يترجمو كلمة “شيطان” زي “روح شرير”.
عبارة “روح نجس” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “روح غير طاهر” أو “روح فاسد” أو “روح شرير”.
تأكد من الكلمة أو العبارة المستخدمة في ترجمة الكلمة دي مختلفة عن الكلمة المستخدمة عشان يشير لابليس.
خت في بالك كمان كيف ترجمة كلمة"شيطان" للغة المحلية أو الوطنية. (شوف: كيف تترجم الما معروف).

(See also: demon-possessed, Satan, false god, false god, angel, evil, clean)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

26:9 Many people who had demons in them were brought to Jesus. When Jesus commanded them, the demons came out of the people, and often shouted, “You are the Son of God!”
32:8 The demons came out of the man and entered the pigs.
47:5 Finally one day when the slave girl started yelling, Paul turned to her and said to the demon that was in her, “In the name of Jesus, come out of her.” Right away the demon left her.
49:2 He (Jesus) walked on water, calmed storms, healed many sick people, drove out demons, raised the dead to life, and turned five loaves of bread and two small fish into enough food for over 5,000 people.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2932, H7307, H7451, H7700, G169, G1139, G1140, G1141, G1142, G4190, G4151, G4152, G4189

صالح ، الصلاح او مستقيم ، استقامة ،ظالم ،الاثم ،تستقيم ،استقامة

Key Terms :: صالح ، الصلاح او مستقيم ، استقامة ،ظالم ،الاثم ،تستقيم ،استقامة

التعريف

عبارة "صلاح "بوري خير الله المطلق ، عدالة ، ولاء والمحبة ، و الصفات ده خلى الله يكون صالح ولانو الله هو صالح لاذم يدين الخطية

الكلمات ده برضو دايما بستخدموا عشان يصفو بيهو الزول البطيع الله ، و الزول الاخلاقو كويس و لانو كل الناس اخطاوا مافي اي زول صالح الا الله
امثلة لناس الكتاب المقدس وصفهم بصالحين ، زي نوح ، ايوب ، ابراهيم ، زكريا و اليصابات
لمن الناس يثقوا بانو يسوع مخلص ليهم ، الله بنضفهم من خطاياهم وبخليهم صالحين بسبب بر يسوع

كلمة “الظالمين " معناه تكون خاطئ و مفسد . الاثم بعني " خطية” او الحالة البخلي الانسان يكون مخطئ

الكلمات ده خاصة بعني انو نعيش بدون ما نطيع اوامر الله و تعاليمه
الناس الظالمين هم فاسدين في افكارهم واعمالهم .
مرات كلمة "الظالمين " بيعني بطريقة خاصة الناس الما بؤمنوا بيسوع

كلمات “تستقيم” و “استقامة” بوري التصرف بالطريقة البرضي شريعة الله

معاني الكلمات ده بشمل فكرة انو نكونوا مستقيمين في تصرفاتنا و نعاين لقدام
الانسان المستقيم ده الانسان البطيع الله و ما بعمل حاجات ضد ارادة الله
كلمات “النزيهه” و "الصالح " متشابهين في المعنى و مرات بستخدموهم في المماثلة زي "النزاهة و الاستقامة " (See: parallelism

خيارات ترجمة

، كلمة "صالح " لمن يوصف الله ،يمكن يترجم زي "كويس تماما بدون شرط " او "دايما بيعمل بالحق "
استقامة الله يمكن برضو يترجمو زي "صالح و بستحق الثقة "
كلمة “صالح” لمن يوصف الناس البطيعوا الله ، يمكن برضو يترجم زي "اخلاقو كويس " او "تمام " او عايش الحياة البخلي الله يكون ممبسوط
عبارة صالح يمكن برضو نترجمو زي “الناس الصالحين” او "الناس البخافوا الله "
و بالكلام ده ، كلمة الاستقامة يمكن يترجم بكلمة او عبارة البيعني "الصلاح " او "الاستقامة امام الله " او "التصرف بالطريقة البرضي الله "او "القيام بالعمل الجيد "
كلمة "الظالمين " يمكن بسهولة يترجم زي "غير صالح "
وعلى حسب الكلام ده ، الطريقة التانية ممكن نترجم بيهو الكلمة ده يمكن يكون “شرير” او “فاسد” او "الناس البتمردوا ضد الله "او "الخطاء "
عبارة "غير صالح "يمكن يترجم زي “الناس الاشرار”
كلمة "الاثم "يمكن يترجم زي “الخطية” او “الفكرة والعمل الشرير” او "الشر "
و لو ممكن ، احسن انك تترجم الكلمات ده بالطريقة البوري علاقتو بالكلمتين "الصالح "و "الصلاح "
الطرق الممكن نترجم بيهو كلمة "تستقيم " ممكن يشمل “التصرف الصحيح” او "الانسان البعمل الصح "او "البطبع شريعة الله "او “المطيع لله” او "البسلك بالطريقة الصحيح "
كلمة الاستقامة يمكن يترجم زي اخلاقو طاهر او اخلاقو تمام او صادق
عبارة تستقيم يمكن يترجم زي ، الناس الهم المستقيمين او الناس المستقيمين

(See also: evil, faithful, good, holy, integrity, just, law, law, obey, pure, righteous, sin, unlawful)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

3:2 But Noah found favor with God. He was a righteous man, living among wicked people.
4:8 God declared that Abram was righteous because he believed in God’s promise.
17:2 David was a humble and righteous man who trusted and obeyed God.
23:1 Joseph, the man Mary was engaged to, was a righteous man.
50:10 Then the righteous ones will shine like the sun in the kingdom of God their Father.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H205, H1368, H2555, H3072, H3474, H3476, H3477, H3483, H4334, H4339, H4749, H5228, H5229, H5324, H5765, H5766, H5767, H5977, H6662, H6663, H6664, H6665, H6666, H6968, H8535, H8537, H8549, H8552, G93, G94, G458, G1341, G1342, G1343, G1344, G1345, G1346, G2118, G3716, G3717

صلب ، مصلوب

Key Terms :: صلب ، مصلوب

تعريف:

كلمة “صلب” يعني تعدم شخص معين بربطه في الصليب وتخليهو هناك يعاني ويموت بألم شديد.

الضحية كان إما مربوط أو مسمر على الصليب .الناس المصلوبين بموتو بفقدان الدم أو الاختناق.
الإمبراطورية الرومانية القديمة عادة استخدمت طريقة الإعدام دا عشان يقتل ويعاقب الناس الكانوا مجرمين شديد أو الاتمردوا ضد سلطة حكومتهم.
قادة اليهود الدينيين طلبوا من الحاكم الروماني أنو يأمر جنوده عشان يصلبوا يسوع. العساكر سمروا يسوع على الصليب. هو عانى هناك لمدة ست ساعات بعداك مات.

مقترحات الترجمة:

كلمة “صلب” ممكن يترجمو زي “قتل على صليب” أو “اعدام بالتسمير على صليب”.

(See also: cross, Rome)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

39:11 But the Jewish leaders and the crowd shouted, “Crucify him (Jesus)!”
39:12 Pilate became afraid that the crowd would begin to riot, so he ordered his soldiers to crucify Jesus.played a major role in the crucifixion of Jesus Christ.
40:1 After the soldiers mocked Jesus, they led him away to crucify him. They made him carry the cross on which he would die.
40:4 Jesus was crucified between two robbers.
43:6 “Men of Israel, Jesus was a man who did many mighty signs and wonders by the power of God, as you have seen and already know. But you crucified him!”
43:9 “You crucified this man, Jesus.”
44:8 Peter answered them, “This man stands before you healed by the power of Jesus the Messiah. You crucified Jesus, but God raised him to life again!”

Word Data:

Strong’s: G388, G4362, G4717, G4957

صلى ، صلاة

Key Terms :: صلى ، صلاة

التعريف

كلمات "صلى و صلاة"بوري التكلم مع الله . كمان الكلمات ديل تستخدم عشان يوري الناس البحاولوا يتكلموا مع الالهه الكاذبة.

يمكن الناس يصلو بصمت متكلمين الى الله بافكارهم او يصلوا بصوت عالي متكلمين الى الله باصواتهم .مرات الصلوات بتكون مكتوبة زي ما داود كتب صلواته في كتاب المزامير.
يمكن الصلاة تشمل طلب رحمة من الله عشان يساعد في مشكلة معينة و طلب حكمة في اتخاذ القرارات .
غالبا الناس بطلبوا من الله ان يشفى المرضى او المحتاج لمساعدته بطرق تانية .
كمان الناس بشكروا و بسبحوا الله لمن بصلوا ليه.
الصلاة تشمل اعترافنا بخطايانا لله ونطلب منه ان يسامحنا.
التكلم مع الله يسمى أحيانا “التواصل” معه زي ما بتتواصل ارواحنا مع روحه ، نشارك عواطفنا ونستمتع بوجوده.
يمكن ترجمة الكلمة ده زي التكلم مع الله" او التواصل مع الله" .ترجمةالكلمة ده يمكن تشمل الصلاة الصامتة

(See also: false god, forgive, praise)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

6:5 Isaac prayed for Rebekah, and God allowed her to get pregnant with twins.
13:12 But Moses prayed for them, and God listened to his prayer and did not destroy them.
19:8 Then the prophets of Baal prayed to Baal, “Hear us, O Baal!”
21:7 Priests also prayed to God for the people.
38:11 Jesus told his disciples to pray that they would not enter into temptation.
43:13 The disciples continually listened to the teaching of the apostles, spent time together, ate together, and prayed with each other.
49:18 God tells you to pray, to study his word, to worship him with other Christians, and to tell others what he has done for you.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H559, H577, H1156, H2470, H3863, H3908, H4994, H6279, H6293, H6419, H6739, H7592, H7878, H7879, H7881, H8034, H8605, G154, G1162, G1189, G1783, G2065, G2171, G2172, G3870, G4335, G4336

صليب

Key Terms :: صليب

تعريف:

في زمن الكتاب المقدس،الصليب كان عبارة عن خشبة مستقيمة بتثبت في الأرض، مع عراضة خشبية أفقية مربوط فيها قريب من الاعلى.

في فترة الإمبراطورية الرومانية، الحكومة الرومانية كان بتعدم المجرمين بربطهم أو تسميرهم على الصليب ويخلوهم هناك عشان يموتوا.
اتهموا يسوع بالكذب بجرائم ما عملو والرومان قتلوه على الصليب.
لاحظ انو الكلمة دا مختلفة تماما من الفعل “تعبر” البتعني تمشي للطرف التاني من حاجة معينة، زي نهر أو بحيرة.

مقترحات الترجمة:

الكلمة دي ممكن يترجموها باستخدام كلمة في اللغة المستهدفة البتشير لشكل الصليب.
خت في الاعتبار وصف الصليب زي الحاجة البقتلو فيها الناس، باستخدام عبارات زي “مكان الإعدام” أو “شجرة الموت”.
خت في الاعتبار كمان كيف الكلمة دي بترجموها في الكتاب المقدس للغة المحلية أو الوطنية. (شوف: كيف الترجمة المجهول).

(See also: crucify, Rome)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

40:1 After the soldiers mocked Jesus, they led him away to crucify him. They made him carry the cross on which he would die.
40:2 The soldiers brought Jesus to a place called “the Skull” and nailed his arms and feet to the cross.
40:5 The Jewish leaders and the other people in the crowd mocked Jesus. They said to him, “If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross and save yourself! Then we will believe you.”
49:10 When Jesus died on the cross, he received your punishment.
49:12 You must believe that Jesus is the Son of God, that he died on the cross instead of you, and that God raised him to life again.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4716

طهر ،مطهر ،الطهور ،غير مطهر ، الغلفة .

Key Terms :: طهر ،مطهر ،الطهور ،غير مطهر ، الغلفة .

التعريف

كلمة “طهر” معناه قطع الغلفة لرجل او الولد . حفلة طهور يمكن يعملو بخصوص ده

الله امر ابراهيم انو يطهر اي ذكر وسط اسرته وخدامو كعلامة لعهد الله معاهم.ٍ
الله برضو امر نسل ابراهيم انو يواصلو يعملوا ده لاي جنى ولد بلدو في الاسرة .
العبارة ،“طهور القلب” بيوري مجازيا “قطع” او ازالة الخطية من الشخص
بالمعني الروحي ،“المطهرين” بوري الناس الطهرهم الله من الخطية بواسطة دم يسوع وديل ناس بتاعو .
كلمة “ما مطهرين” بوري الناس الما مطهرين جسديا . و يمكن برضو مجازيا يوري الناس الما مطهرين روحيا، الما عندهم علاقة مع الله .

كلمات “ما مطهر” و “ما مطهرين” بوري الذكر الما طهرو جسديا .الكلمات ديل بستخدموا برضو مجازيا .

كانت امة مصر محتاجة برضو للطهور ،عشان كدا لمن الله اتكلم عن هزيمة مصر على يد غير المطهرين ،هو بيقصد الناس الاحتقرهم المصرين بانو هم غلف
الكتاب المقدس بوري لناس “القلوبهم ما طاهرة” او “الما طاهرين في القلب” ده الطريقة المجازية لقول ،الناس ديل ما ناس الله و هم عنيدين ما بطيعوه
لو كلمة الطهور مستخدم او معروف في اللغة ، “غير مطهر” يمكن يترجم زي “ما مطهر”
العبارة، “الغلفة” يمكن يترجم زي “الناس الما مطهرين” او “الناس الما تابعين لله” علي حسب الحالة .
طرق اخرى لترجمة الحواس المجازية للكلمة ده ، “ما ناس الله” او “المتمردين زي الما تابعين لله” او “الناس الما عندهم اي علامة البوري انو هم تابعين لله”
العبارة، “ما مطهرين في القلب” يمكن يترجم زي “متمرد بعناد” او “يرفض ان يؤمن” ما انو من الافضل لو امكن نحتفظ بالتعبير او اي تعبير مشابه لانو الطهور الروحي مفهوم مهم .

مقترحات ترجمة

لو ثقافة اللغة المستهدف بعملوا طهور للذكور ،يجب استخدام الكلمة المستخدمة للاشارة الى الكلمة ده
طرق اخرى لترجمة الكلمة ده يمكن يكون،“قطع حوله” او “قطعها في دائرة” او “قطع الغلفة”
في الثقافات الما بعرف الطهور ،يمكن من الضرورة شرحه بدقة وتفصيل
تأكد انو الكلمة المستخدم لترجمة ده ما بوري لأناث .بكون من الضرورة انو نترجم ده بالكلمة او عبارة بشمل المعنى “لذكر”

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: Abraham, covenant)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

5:3 “You must circumcise every male in your family.”
5:5 That day Abraham circumcised all the males in his household.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4135, H4139, H5243, H6188, H6189, H6190, G203, G564, G1986, G4059, G4061

عدل , عدالة , ظالم , ظلم , يبرر , تبرير

Key Terms :: عدل , عدالة , ظالم , ظلم , يبرر , تبرير

تعريف:

“عدل” و “عدالة” تشير لمعاملة الناس بالتساوي حسب قوانين الله. القوانين البشرية البتعكس معيار الله لسلوك الصحيح تجاه الآخرين هي برضو عدل.

تكون “عادل” هو أنو تتصرف بطريقة عادلة وصحيحة تجاه الآخرين . هو برضو بيدل لصدق والاستقامة عشان تعمل الحاجة الاخلاقي الصحيح في عين الله .
عشان تتصرف “بعدالة” يعني تعامل الناس بطريقة صحيحة ،كويسة وسليمة حسب قوانين الله.
عشان تتحصل على “عدالة” يعني يعاملوك معاملة عادلة حسب القانون ، إما يحموك بالقانون أو يعاقبوك لمخالفتك للقانون.
أحيانا عبارة “عدل” عندها معنى أوسع “للبر/الصلاح” أو “اتباع قوانين الله”.

عبارات “ظالم” و “غير عادل” يشيرو لمعاملة الناس الغير عادلة وعادة بطريقة مضرة.

“الظلم” هو حاجة كعب عملو للشخص بدون ما يستحقه . هو يشير لمعاملة الناس بشكل غير عادل.
الظلم يعني برضو أنو بعض الناس بعاملوهم معاملة كعبة بينما الآخرين بيعاملوهم معاملة كويسة.
الشخص البتصرف بطريقة غير عادلة هو “جزئي” أو “متحيز” لأنو ما بيعامل الناس بالمساواة.

عبارات “يبرر” و “تبرير” بخلو انو الشحص المذنب يكون بار . الله براه بيساوي الناس بالحق .

لمن الله يبرر الناس ، بيغفر خطيتهم ويخليهم زي ما عندهم خطية. هو يبرر الخطاة البتوبوا والبثقوا في يسوع عشان ينقذهم من خطاياهم.
عبارة “التبرير” بشير للبعمله الله لمن يغفر خطايا شخص ويعلن أنو الشخص داك مستقيم في عينه .

اقترحات:

على حسب الحالة ، طرق اخرى لترجمة “عدل” يمكن تشمل “الحق الأخلاقي” أو “العادل”.
عبارة "عدالة"ممكن يترجمو زي “معاملة عادلة” أو “نتائج مستحقة”.
"تتصرف بعدل"ممكن يترجمو زي “تعامل بعدل” أو “تصرف بطريقة عادلة”.
في بعض الحالات، ممكن يترجمو كلمة “عدل” زي “بار” أو “مستقيم”.
اعتمادا على الحالة ، “ظالم” ممكن برضو يترجمو زي “غير عادل” أو “جزئي” أو “غير بار/صالح”.
عبارة “الظلم” ممكن يترجمو زي “الظالم” أو “الشعب الظالم” أو “الناس البيعاملوا الاخرين بظلم” أو “الناس الغير بارين/صالحين” أو “الناس البخالفوا الله”.
كلمة “ظلما” ممكن يترجمو زي “بطريقة غير عادلة” أو “بخطأ” أو “بظلم”.
طرق ترجمة “الظلم” ممكن يشمل “المعاملة الكعبة” أو “المعاملة الغير عادلة” أو “التصرف بشكل غير عادل”. (انظر:
طرق تاني ترجمة “يبرير” يمكن تشمل “إعلان (شخص )بانو بار” أو “تخلي (شخص ) يكون بار”.
كلمة “تبرير” ممكن يترجمو زي “اعلنو بانو بار” أو “بقى بار” أو “خلى الناس يكونوا ابرار”
عبارة “نتيجة التبرير” ممكن يترجمو " عشان الله يبرر كثير من الناس" أو “البخلي الله يبقي الناس ابرار”.
عبارة “لتبريرنا” ممكن يترجمو زي "عشان نتبرر من خلال الله ".

(See also: forgive, guilt, judge, righteous, righteous)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:9 David ruled with justice and faithfulness for many years, and God blessed him.
18:13 Some of these kings (of Judah) were good men who ruled justly and worshiped God.
19:16 They (the prophets) all told the people to stop worshiping idols and to start showing justice and mercy to others.
50:17 Jesus will rule his kingdom with peace and justice, and he will be with his people forever.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H205, H2555, H3477, H4941, H5765, H5766, H5767, H6662, H6663, H6664, H6666, H8003, H8264, H8636, G91, G93, G94, G1342, G1344, G1345, G1346, G1347, G1738

عهد

Key Terms :: عهد

تعريف

في كتاب المقدس, كلمة “عهد” بوري اتفاق رسمي ملزم بين طرفين واحد من الطرفين او كلهم يجب ان يوفي.

الأتفاق ده يمكن يكون بين افراد, بين مجموعات من الناس, او بين الله و الناس.
لمن الناس يعملوا عهد مع بعضهم البعض, هم بوعدو انهم بعملوا حاجة, و هم لابدا يعملوا.
مثلآ عهود البشرية بشمل عهودالزواج, عمل اتفاقيات, و معاهدات بين البلدان
من خلال كتاب المقدس, الله عمل عهود كتير مختلفة مع ناسه
في بعض العهود, الله وعد ان يوفي بجانب حقه بدون شروط , زي مثلآ لمن الله عمل عهده مع البشر ووعد انوا أبدآ ما حيدمر كل الأرض مرة تاني بالطوفان , الوعد ده ما عندو شروط للناس عشان يعملو .
في عهود اخرى, وعد الله ان يوفي بجانب حقو بس لو الناس اطاعو واوفوا بالعهد من جانبهم .

كلمة " عهد جديد" بوري التزام او اتفاق الله عملو مع ناسو بواسطة ذبيحة ابنه, يسوع.

“عهد الله الجديد” تم شرحه في جزو من الكتاب المقدس يسمى “العهد الجديد”
العهد الجديد ده مقابل " القديم" او “السابق” العهدالعملو الله مع الأسرائلين في زمن العهد القديم.
العهد الجديد هو افضل من القديم عشان هو مؤسس علي ذبيحة يسوع, الكامل تماما لتكفير عن خطايا الناس الي الأبد. الذبائح العملوا في العهد القديم ما بعمل كدا.
الله بكتب العهد الجديد على قلوب الناس المومنين بيسوع. ده بخليهم يطيعوا الله ويبدوا يعيشوا حياة مقدسة
العهدالجديد بكون “(مكتمل” في الزمن الأخر لمن الله يؤسس ملكه علي الأرض, كل شيء حيكون سمح جدآ مرة تاني , زي ما كان لمن الله خلق الدنيا اول.

مقتراحات الترجمة

على حسب الحالة ، طرق ترجمة الكلام ده يمكن تشمل “اتفاق ملزم” أو “التزام رسمي” أو “تعهد” أو “عقد”
بعض اللغات يمكن عندهم كلمات مختلفة للعهد اعتمادا على ده لو واحد من الطرفين او الاتنين عملو عهد يجب عليهم الوفاء به . لو العهد من طرف واحد، يمكن يترجم زي"وعد" أو “التعهد”
تأكد من ان ترجمة الكلمة ده ما يكون زي كأنو الناس اقترحوا العهد. في كل حالات العهود بين الله والناس ، كان الله هو البادي العهد.
كلمة “العهد الجديد” يمكن ترجمتة زي"اتفاق رسمي جديد" أو “اتفاق جديد” أو “عقد جديد”
كلمة “جديد” في التعبيرات ديل لها معنى “طازج” أو “نوع جديد من” أو “آخر”

(See also: covenant, promise)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

4:9 Then God made a covenant with Abram. A covenant is an agreement between two parties.
5:4 “I will make Ishmael a great nation, too, but my covenant will be with Isaac.”
6:4 After a long time, Abraham died and all of the promises that God had made to him in the covenant were passed on to Isaac.
7:10 “The covenant promises God had promised to Abraham and then to Isaac now passed on to Jacob.”
13:2 God said to Moses and the people of Israel, “If you will obey my voice and keep my covenant, you will be my prized possession, a kingdom of priests, and a holy nation.”
13:4 Then God gave them the covenant and said, “I am Yahweh, your God, who saved you from slavery in Egypt. Do not worship other gods.”
15:13 Then Joshua reminded the people of their obligation to obey the covenant that God had made with the Israelites at Sinai.
21:5 Through the prophet Jeremiah, God promised that he would make a New Covenant, but not like the covenant God made with Israel at Sinai. In the New Covenant, God would write his law on the people’s hearts, the people would know God personally, they would be his people, and God would forgive their sins. The Messiah would start the New Covenant.
21:14 Through the Messiah’s death and resurrection, God would accomplish his plan to save sinners and start the New Covenant.
38:5 Then Jesus took a cup and said, “Drink this. It is my blood of the New Covenant that is poured out for the forgiveness of sins. Do this to remember me every time you drink it.”
48:11 But God has now made a New Covenant that is available to everyone. Because of this New Covenant, anyone from any people group can become part of God’s people by believing in Jesus.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1285, H2319, H3772, G802, G1242, G4934

عيد الفصح

Key Terms :: عيد الفصح

حقائق

عيد الفصح" ده اسم مهرجان ديني يحتفل بيهو اليهود كل سنة ، عشان يتزكرو كيف الله أنقذ أجدادهم الإسرائيليين من العبودية في مصر.

اسم المهرجان ده جاء من الحقيقة انو الله مر على بيوت الاسرائيليين و ما قتل اولادهم لمن قتل اولاد المصريين الاوائل .
الاحتفال بعيد الفصح يشمل وجبة خاصة من لحم الخروف الما عندو عيب القتلوه و شوه وكمان رغيف عاملينو بدون خميرة . الاكل ده بيزكرهم بالوجبة الاكلوها في الليلة قبل هروبهم من مصر .
الله كلم الاسرائيليين انو ياكلوا الوجبة دي كل سنة عشان يحتفلوا ويتزكروا كيف الله “مر” على بيوتهم وكيف حررهم من العبودية في مصر .

مقترحات ترجمة

كلمة “عيد الفصح” يمكن يترجم بجمع الكلمتين “مر” و “فوق” او دمج اخر من الكلمات العندها المعنى ده .
من المفيد لو اسم المهرجان كان عندو علاقة واضحة بالكلمات المستخدمة عشان يشرح الحاجة العملو ملاك الرب لمن مر على بيوت الاسرائيليين و حفظ اولادهم. .

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

12:14 God commanded the Israelites to remember his victory over the Egyptians and their deliverance from slavery by celebrating the Passover every year.
38:1 Every year, the Jews celebrated the Passover. This was a celebration of how God had saved their ancestors from slavery in Egypt many centuries earlier.
38:4 Jesus celebrated the Passover with his disciples.
48:9 When God saw the blood, he passed over their houses and did not kill their firstborn sons. This event is called the Passover.
48:10 Jesus is our Passover Lamb. He was perfect and sinless and was killed at the time of the Passover celebration.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6453, G3957

قضى ،حكم

Key Terms :: قضى ،حكم

التعريف:

الكلمات “قضى” و “الحكم” غالبًا يشير لاتخاذ قرار عن حاجة لو كويس أو حكيم أو صحيح أو لا. ومع ذلك ، الكلمات ديل ممكن كمان يشيرو للإجراءات البقوم بها الشخص كنتيجة لقرار معين عادةً في حالة تقرير معين لحاجة ما كويس ، غلط أو شرير.

الكلمات “قضى” و "الحكم"كمان ممكن يعني “يسبب ضرر ل” (عادةً لأنو الله قرر بأنو اعمال الشخص أو الامة شريرة).
“حكم الله” غالبًا بشير لقراره عشان يدين حاجة أو شخص باعتباره خاطئ.
حكم الله عادةً بشمل معاقبة الناس على خطاياهم.
كلمة “قضى” ممكن كمان تعني “إدانة”. الله امر شعبه بانو ما يحكموا على بعض بالطريقة دي .
معنى تاني هو “الحكم بين” أو “قضى بين” ،زي في قرار، ده ياتو شخص على حق في مشكلة بينهم.
في بعض الحالات ، “أحكام الله” هي البتقرر أنو صحيح و عادل. هي بتشبه قراراته أو قوانينه أو تعاليمه.
“الحكم” ممكن يشير لقدرة عمل قرار حكيم. الشخص الما قادر “للحكم” ما عندو حكمة عشان يتخذ قرارات حكيمة.

مقترحات ترجمة:

على حسب الحالة ، طرق ترجمة “قضى” ممكن تشمل " تقرر" أو “تدين” أو “تعاقب” أو “تأمر”.
كلمة “حكم” ممكن تترجم زي “عقوبة” أو “قرار” أو “حكم” أو “امر” أو “إدانة”.
في بعض الحالات ، عبارة “في الحكم” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “في يوم الحكم” أو “في الوقت البدين فيه الله الناس”.

(See also: decree, judge, judgment day, just, law, law)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

19:16 The prophets warned the people that if they did not stop doing evil and start obeying God, then God would judge them as guilty, and he would punish them.
21:8 A king is someone who rules over a kingdom and judges the people. The Messiah would come would be the perfect king who would sit on the throne of his ancestor David. He would reign over the whole world forever, and who would always judge honestly and make the right decisions.
39:4 The high priest tore his clothes in anger and shouted to the other religious leaders, “We do not need any more witnesses! You have heard him say that he is the Son of God. What is your judgment?”
50:14 But God will judge everyone who does not believe in Jesus. He will throw them into hell, where they will weep and grind their teeth in anguish forever.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H148, H430, H1777, H1778, H1779, H1780, H1781, H1782, H2940, H4055, H4941, H6414, H6415, H6416, H6417, H6419, H6485, H8196, H8199, H8201, G144, G350, G968, G1106, G1252, G1341, G1345, G1348, G1349, G2917, G2919, G2920, G2922, G2923, G4232

قوة , قوي , قوي شديد

Key Terms :: قوة , قوي , قوي شديد

تعريف:

كلمة “قوة” تشير لقدرة عمل حاجات أو تخلى حاجات عشان تحصل ، عادة باستعمال قدرة عظيمة. “قوات” بتشير للناس أو الأرواح العندها قدرة عظيمة عشان يخلوا حاجات تحصل.

“قوة الله” تشير لقدرة الله البيعمل كل حاجة ، وخاصة الحاجات الما ممكن يعملوهاالناس.
الله عندو قوة كاملة فوق كل حاجة هو خلقه.
الله بدي قوة لشعبه عشان يعملوا الحاجة الهو دايرو ، عشان لمن يشفوا الناس أو يعملوا معجزات تانية هم ، بيعملوا بقوة الله.
عشان يسوع و الروح القدس كمان هم الله ، عندهم نفس القوة.

اقترحات الترجمة:

على حسب الحالة ، كلمة “قوة” يمكن كمان يترجمو زي “القدرة” أو “القوة” أو “الطاقة” أو “القدرة على عمل معجزات” أو “تحكم”.
الطرق الممكنة لترجمة كلمة “القوات” ممكن يشمل “كائنات قوية” أو “ارواح مسيطرة” أو “المسيطرين على الاخرين”. ======= قوة , قوي , قوي شديد

power, powerful, powerfully

تعريف :

Definition:

كلمة “قوة” تشير لقدرة عمل حاجات أو تخلى حاجات عشان تحصل ، عادة باستعمال قدرة عظيمة. “قوات” بتشير للناس أو الأرواح العندها قدرة عظيمة عشان يخلوا حاجات تحصل. The term “power” refers to the ability to do things or make things happen, often using great strength. “Powers” refers to people or spirits who have great ability to cause things to happen.

“قوة الله” تشير لقدرة الله البيعمل كل حاجة ، وخاصة الحاجات الما ممكن يعملوهاالناس.

The “power of God” refers to God’s ability to do everything, especially things that are not possible for people to do.

الله عندو قوة كاملة فوق كل حاجة هو خلقه.

God hs complete power over everything that he has created.

الله بدي قوة لشعبه عشان يعملوا الحاجة الهو دايرو ، عشان لمن يشفوا الناس أو يعملوا معجزات تانية هم ، بيعملوا بقوة الله.

God gives his people power to do what he wants, so that when they heal people or do other miracles, they do this by the power of God.

عشان يسوع و الروح القدس كمان هم الله ، عندهم نفس القوة.

Because Jesus and the Holy Spirit are also God, they have this same power.

##اقترحات الترجمة

Translation Suggestions

على حسب الحالة ، كلمة “قوة” يمكن كمان يترجمو زي “القدرة” أو “القوة” أو “الطاقة” أو “القدرة على عمل معجزات” أو “تحكم”.

Depending on the context, the term “power” could also be translated as “ability” or “strength” or “energy” or “ability to do miracles” or “control.”

الطرق الممكنة لترجمة كلمة “القوات” ممكن يشمل “كائنات قوية” أو “ارواح مسيطرة” أو “المسيطرين على الاخرين”.

Possible ways to translate the term “powers” could include “powerful beings” or “controlling spirits” or “those who control others.”

(See also: Holy Spirit, Jesus, miracle)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

22:5 The angel explained, “The Holy Spirit will come to you, and the power of God will overshadow you. So the baby will be holy, the Son of God.”
26:1 After overcoming Satan’s temptations, Jesus returned in the power of the Holy Spirit to the region of Galilee where he lived.
32:15 Immediately Jesus realized that power had gone out from him.
42:11 Forty days after Jesus rose from the dead, he told his disciples, “Stay in Jerusalem until my Father gives you power when the Holy Spirit comes on you.”
43:6 “Men of Israel, Jesus was a man who did many mighty signs and wonders by the power of God, as you have seen and already know.”
44:8 Peter answered them, “This man stands before you healed by the power of Jesus the Messiah.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H410, H1369, H1370, H2220, H2393, H2428, H2429, H2632, H3027, H3028, H3581, H4475, H4910, H5794, H5797, H5808, H6184, H7786, H7980, H7981, H7983, H7989, H8280, H8592, H8633, G1411, G1415, G1754, G1756, G1849, G1850, G2159, G2478, G2479, G2904, G3168

قيامة

Key Terms :: قيامة

تعريف:

كلمة “قيامة” بوري عملية الرجعو للحياة بعد الموت.

تقوم شخص معناه ترجع الشخص للحياة مرة تانية. الله براه العندو قوة عشان يعمل ده.
كلمة “قيامة” غالبآ بوري رجعو/عودة يسوع للحياة بعد الموته.
لمن يسوع قال، “انا هو القيامة و الحياة” هو قصد انو هو مصدر القيامة و الوحيد البخلي الناس يرجعوا للحياة تاني.

مقتراحات الترجمة:

“قيامة شخص” يمكن يترجم زي “رجع للحياة” او “هو بقى حي مرة تاني بعد موته”.
المعنى الحرفي للكلمة دا هو “قيام” او عملية القيام(من الاموات)" دا ممكن يكون طرق تانية لترجمة الكلمة دي.

=======

قيامة

resurrection

تعريف

Definition:

كلمة “قيامة” بوري عملية الرجعو للحياة بعد الموت. The term “resurrection” refers to the act of becoming alive again after having died.

تقوم شخص معناه ترجع الشخص للحياة مرة تانية. الله براه العندو قوة عشان يعمل ده.

To resurrect someone means to bring that person back to life again. Only God has the power to do this.

كلمة “قيامة” غالبآ بوري رجعو/عودة يسوع للحياة بعد الموته.

The word “resurrection” often refers to Jesus’ coming back to life after he died.

لمن يسوع قال، “انا هو القيامة و الحياة” هو قصد انو هو مصدر القيامة و الوحيد البخلي الناس يرجعوا للحياة تاني.

When Jesus said, “I am the Resurrection and the Life” he meant that he is the source of resurrection, and the one who causes people to come back to life.

مقتراحات الترجمة:

Translation Suggestions:

“قيامة شخص” يمكن يترجم زي “رجع للحياة” او “هو بقى حي مرة تاني بعد موته”.

A person’s “resurrection” could be translated as his “coming back to life” or his “becoming alive again after being dead.”

المعنى الحرفي للكلمة دا هو “قيام” او عملية القيام(من الاموات)" دا ممكن يكون طرق تانية لترجمة الكلمة دي.

The literal meaning of this word is “a rising up” or “the act of being raised (from the dead).” These would be other possible ways to translate this term.

(See also: life, death, raise)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

21:14 Through the Messiah’s death and resurrection, God would accomplish his plan to save sinners and start the New Covenant.
37:5 Jesus replied, “I am the Resurrection and the Life. Whoever believes in me will live, even though he dies.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: G386, G1454, G1815

كاهن ،كهنوت

Key Terms :: كاهن ،كهنوت

التعريف

في الكتاب المقدس الكاهن كان هو الشخص المختار عشان يقدم الذبائح لله نيابة عن شعب الله ."الكهنوت " كان هو اسم المنصب او شرط ان يكون كاهنا .

في العهد القديم ،الله اختار هارون و نسله عشان يكونوا ليهو كهنة لشعب اسرائيل .
كان الكهنوت حق و مسئولية انتقلت من الاب الى الابن في عشيرة اللاويين .
كان الكهنة الاسرائيلين مسئؤولين عن تقديم ذبائح الناس لله مع واجبات تانية في الهيكل
الكهنة برضو بقدموا صلوات منتظمة لله نيابة عن شعبه و بعملوا الطقوس الدينية الاخري
الكهنة اعلنواالبركات الرسمية للناس و علموهم قوانين الله
في زمن يسوع كان في مستويات مختلف من الكهنة،بمن فيهم رئيس الكهنة و الكاهن الاعلى
يسوع هو رئيس كهنتنا العظيم البتشفع من اجلنا في محضر الله ، وهو قدم نفسه كـأعلى ذبيحة من اجل الخطية ،وده بيعني انو ذبيحة الكهنة تاني ما ضروري .
في العهد الجديد ،اي مؤمن بيسوع بسمو “كاهن” البقدر بتشفع لله مباشر من اجل نفسه و الناس الاخرين .
في الاوقات القديمة ،كان في كهنة بتاع الهه كاذبة الكان بقدموا ذبائح لالهه كاذبة زي البعل .

مقترحات الترجمة

علي حسب الحالة ده يمكن ترجمة كلمة “الكاهن” زي "ذبيحة شخص " او "وسيط الله " او "وسيط القربان"او شخص الله عينه عشان يمثلو
ترجمة “الكاهن” يجب ان يكون مختلف من ترجمة “الوسيط”
بعض الترجمات بفضلو دايما يقولوا حاجة زي “الكاهن الاسرائيلي” او “الكاهن اليهودي” او “كاهن يهوه” او “كاهن البعل” ،عشان يكون واضح انو ده ما بمثل الكهنة بتاع ايامنا ده .
الكلمة المستخدم لترجمة "الكاهن " لازم يكون مختلف من الكلمات المترجم ل “رئيس الكهنة” و “الكاهن الاعلى” “لاوي” و “النبي” .

(See also: Aaron, high priest, mediator, sacrifice)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

4:7 “Melchizedek, the priest of God Most High”
13:9 Anyone who disobeyed God’s law could bring an animal to the altar in front of the Tent of Meeting as a sacrifice to God. A priest would kill the animal and burn it on the altar. The blood of the animal that was sacrificed covered the person’s sin and made that person clean in God’s sight. God chose Moses’ brother, Aaron, and Aaron’s descendants to be his priests.
19:7 So the priests of Baal prepared a sacrifice but did not light the fire.
21:7 An Israelite priest was someone who made sacrifices to God on behalf of the people as a substitute for the punishment of their sins. Priests also prayed to God for the people.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3547, H3548, H3549, H3550, G748, G749, G2405, G2406, G2407, G2409, G2420

كلمة الله، كلمة الحق ، الكلمة الرب ، كلمة يهوه ، الكتاب المقدس

Key Terms :: كلمة الله، كلمة الحق ، الكلمة الرب ، كلمة يهوه ، الكتاب المقدس

التعريف:

في الكتاب المقدس ،الكلمة “كلمة الله” بشير لاي حاجة الله اتكلم بيهو للناس. ده بشمل الكلام والرسائل المكتوبة. يسوع كمان بسموه “كلمة الله”.

كلمة “الكتب المقدسة” تعني “كتب”. و بستخدمو بس في العهد الجديد ويشير للكتب المقدسةالعبرية ، الهو العهد القديم. والكتب دي كانت رسالة الله القال للناس أنو يكتبوا عشان يقروا في المستقبل لسنوات كتيرة.
الكلمتين مع بعض “كلمة يهوه” و “كلمة الرب” غالبا بشيروا لرسالة معينة من الله اداهو لنبي أو شخص تاني في الكتاب المقدس .
احيانا الكلمة دي بتحصل ببساطة زي “كلمة” أو “كلمتي” أو “كلمتك” (لمن يتكلم عن كلمة الله).
في العهد الجديد ، بسمو يسوع “الكلمة” و “كلمة الله”. العناوين ديل بوري يسوع ظهر الله هو منو تماما ، لأنو هو الله نفسه.
العبارة “كلمةالحق” هي طريقة تانية تشير لكلمة الله ، الهي رسالته أو تعليمه. ما بتشير بس لكلمة واحدة.
كلمة الله الحقيقية تشمل كل حاجة الله علم بيهو الناس عن نفسه ، خليقتو ، وخطته الخلاصية من خلال يسوع.
الكلمة دي بتأكد الحقيقة القالو الله لينا هو امين و حقيقي.

مقترحات الترجمة:

على حسب الحالة ، طرق تانية لترجمة الكلمة دي ممكن تشمل “رسالة يهوه” أو “رسالة الله” أو “تعاليم من الله”.
ممكن يكون طبيعي في بعض اللغات أنو يخلي الكلمة دي جمع وتقول “كلمات الله” أو “كلمات يهوه”.
التعبير " كلمة يهوه جاء" غالبا بستخدمو عشان يقدم حاجة الله كلم بيهو انبياءه او شعبه. ده ممكن يترجمو زي “يهوه اتكلم برسالته” أو " يهوه اتكلم بالكلمات ديل".
كلمة “الكتاب المقدس” أو “الكتب المقدسة” ممكن يترجمو زي “الكتب” أو “رسالة مكتوبة من الله”. الكلمة دي لاذم يترجم بشكل مختلف عن ترجمة كلمة “الكلمة”.
لمن “الكلمة” تحصل براها وتشير لكلمة الله، يمكن يترجموها زي “الرسالة” أو “كلمة الله” أو “التعاليم”. خت في بالك كمان الترجمات البديلة المقترحة فوق.
لمن يشير الكتاب المقدس ليسوع زي “الكلمة” ، ممكن يترجمو الكلمة دي زي “الرسالة” أو “الحقيقة”.
“كلمة الحق” ممكن يترجمو زي “رسالة الله الحقيقية” أو “كلمة الله الحقيقية”.
من المهم لترجمة الكلمة دي تشمل معنى حقيقي .

(See also: prophet, true, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

25:7 In God’s word he commands his people, “Worship only the Lord your God and only serve him.”
33:6 So Jesus explained, “The seed is the word of God.”
42:3 Then Jesus explained to them what God’s word says about the Messiah.
42:7 Jesus said, “I told you that everything written about me in God’s word must be fulfilled.” Then he opened their minds so they could understand God’s word.
45:10 Philip also used other scriptures to tell him the good news of Jesus.
48:12 But Jesus is the greatest prophet of all. He is the Word of God.
49:18 God tells you to pray, to study his word, to worship him with other Christians, and to tell others what he has done for you.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H561, H565, H1697, H3068, G3056, G4487

كنيسة ،الكنيسة الجامعة

Key Terms :: كنيسة ،الكنيسة الجامعة

تعريف:

في العهد الجديد كلمة “كنيسة” بتشير لمجموعة محلي من المؤمنين بيسوع، البجتمعوا بانتظام للصلاة وبستمعوا لكلام الله الببشرو بيهو. غالبا كلمة “الكنيسة” بتشير لكل المسيحيين.

الكلمة دي حرفيا بتشير لي “نداء” التجمع أو جماعة المؤمنين الاجتمعوا سوا لغرض خاص.
لمن يستخدمو الكلمة دي عشان يشير لجميع المؤمنين في جسد المسيح في كل مكان ، بعض ترجمات الكتاب المقدس بكبرو الحرف الأول (“لـ،الكنيسة”) عشان تمييزه من الكنيسة المحلية.
غالبا المؤمنين بيجتمعوا سوا في مدينة معينة في بيت شخص معين. الكنائس المحلية دي بسمو باسم المدينة زي “كنيسة الفي أفسس”.
في الكتاب المقدس، “الكنيسة” ما بتشير للمبنى.

مقترحات الترجمة:

كلمة “كنيسة” ممكن يترجمو زي “تجمع سوا” أو "تجمع " أو “جماعة مصلين” أو “المجتمعين سوا”.
الكلمة أو العبارة البستخدمو في ترجمة الكلمة دي لازم يشير لكل المؤمنين ما مجموعة صغيرة واحدة بس.
تأكد أنو ترجمة “الكنيسة” ما بتشير لمبنى بس.
الكلمة الاستخدمو لترجمة “التجمع” في العهد القديم ممكن كمان يستخدمو لترجمة الكلمة دي.
خت كمان في الاعتبار كيف ترجموه في الترجمة المحلية أو الوطنية للكتاب المقدس. (راجع: كيف تترجم المجهول.)

(See also: assembly, believe, Christian)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

43:12 About 3,000 people believed what Peter said and became disciples of Jesus. They were baptized and became part of the church at Jerusalem.
46:9 Most of the people in Antioch were not Jews, but for the first time, very many of them also became believers. Barnabas and Saul went there to teach these new believers more about Jesus and to strengthen the church.
46:10 So the church in Antioch prayed for Barnabas and Saul and placed their hands on them. Then they sent them off to preach the good news of Jesus in many other places.
47:13 The good news of Jesus kept spreading, and the Church kept growing.
50:1 For almost 2,000 years, more and more people around the world have been hearing the good news about Jesus the Messiah. The Church has been growing.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1577

لعنة,ملعون ،لعن,

Key Terms :: لعنة,ملعون ،لعن,

تعريف

كلمة “اللعنة” معناه تكون سبب لحاجة كعبة يحصل لشخص او الحاجة الملعون

لعنة يمكن يكون "كلام او عبارة البوري انو في حاجة كعبة ماشي يحصل لشخص او حاجة
لتلعن انسان يمكن برضو يكون تعبير لنية عن حاجات كعبة ماشي يحصل ليهم
برضو يمكن يوري عقوبة او اي حاجة كعبة سببو انسان لأنسان اخر

اقتراحات الترجمة

الكلمة ده يمكن يترجم زي “سبب حاجة كعبة يحصل ل” او " اعلن حاجة كعبة ماشي يحصل ل" او “حلف لحاجة شريرة عشان يحدث ل”
في التعبير الله رسل اللعنات لشعبه المتمرد ، يمكن ترجمته زي “عاقبهم بأنو خلى الحاجات الكعبة تحصل”
كلمة"ملعون" لمن يستخدم لوصف الناس يمكن يترجم زي " (الأنسان ده) حيواجه متاعب كتيرة.
عبارة"يكون ملعون" يمكن ترجمته زي" ياريت( الأنسان ده) يواجهة صعوبات كبيرة"
عبارة"ملعون هي الأرض" يمكن ترجمته زي “التربة ما بكون منتج تمام”
على هي حال لو اللغة المقصود ليهو عبارة “كون ملعون” عندو نفس المعنى, بكون كويس نخلي نفسي العبارة.

(See also: bless)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

2:9 God said to the snake, “You are cursed!”
2:11 “Now the ground is cursed, and you will need to work hard to grow food.”
4:4 “I will bless those who bless you and curse those who curse you.”
39:7 Then Peter vowed, saying, “May God curse me if I know this man!”
50:16 Because Adam and Eve disobeyed God and brought sin into this world, God cursed it and decided to destroy it.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H422, H423, H779, H1288, H2763, H2764, H3994, H5344, H6895, H7043, H7045, H7621, H8381, G331, G332, G685, G1944, G2551, G2652, G2653, G2671, G2672, G6035

متواضع ،بتواضع ،التواضع

Key Terms :: متواضع ،بتواضع ،التواضع

التعريف:

كلمة “متواضع” بوري الزول الما بشوف نفسه أحسن من الناس التانيين. هو ما فخور أَو متكبر. تصغير النفس ده نوع من التواضع.

عشان تكون متواضع قدام الله معناه يفهم الشخص ضعفه ونقصانه مقارنه بعظمة الله وحكمته وكماله.
لمن الشخص يتواضع ، بخت نفسه في موقف أقل أهمية.
التواضع هو الاهتمام باحتياجات التانين أكتر من احتياجاته الخاصة .
التواضع برضو بيعني التعامل مع الموقف بتواضع لمن يستخدم الشخص مواهبه وقدراته.
عبارة “كون متواضع” يمكن يترجمو زي “ما تكون فخور”.
“تواضع قدام الله” يمكن يترجمو زي “قدم إرادتك لله معترف بعظمته”.

(See also: proud)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:2 David was a humble and righteous man who trusted and obeyed God.
34:10 “God will humble everyone who is proud, and he will lift up whoever humbles himself.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1792, H3665, H6031, H6035, H6038, H6041, H6800, H6819, H7511, H7807, H7812, H8213, H8214, H8215, H8217, H8467, G0858, G4236, G4239, G4240, G5011, G5012, G5013, G5391

مجد , مجيد , بمجد

Key Terms :: مجد , مجيد , بمجد

تعريف

الكلمة “مجد” هي كلمة عامة لأسرة من المفاهيم بما فيه قيمة، استحقاق، اهمية ، شرف ،عظمة أو جلالة .كلمة “مجيد” معناه تدي المجد لشخص او حاجة او يوري او يقول كيف الشخص او حاجة مجيد. في الكتاب المقدس، كلمة “مجد” بشكل خاص تستخدم عشان توصف بيهو الله، الهو عندو أكتر قيمة، أكتر استحقاق،أكثرأهمية،أكتر شرف، أكتر عظمة، وأكتر جلالة من أي واحد أو أي حاجة في الكون. اي حاجة عن شخصيته يكشف مجده.

الناس ممكن يمجيدو الله لمن يتكلموا عن الحاجات الكويسة الهم عملو،هم كمان بيقدرو يجمدوا الله من خلال حياتهم على حسب شخصية الله لأنو بالعمل ده ، بوري للتانيين قيمته و استحقاقه وأهميته وشرفه وعظمته و جلاله.
التعبير " المجد في" معناه تفتخر عن أو تكون فخور بحاجة.

عهد قديم

في العهد القديم العبارة المحددة "مجد يهوه"عادة تشير لبعض المظاهر الملموسة لوجود يهوه في مكان معين.

عهد جديد

الله الأب حيمجد الله الابن من خلال اعلانه لكل الناس المدى الكامل انو كم يسوع هو مجيد.
اي واحد بؤمن بالمسيح حيتمجد معاه. استخدام كلمة “تمجيد” ده بيحمل معنى فريد. وده بيعني لمن الناس البؤمنوا بالمسيح يقوموهم للحياة، حيغيروهم جسديا عشان يكونوا زي يسوع زي ما هو ظهر بعد قيامته.

مقترحات الترجمة:

اعتمادا على الحالة ، الطرق المختلفة لترجمة “المجد” ممكن تشمل “عظمة” أو “جلالة” أو “عظمة رهيبة” أو “قيمة قصوى”.
كلمة “مجيد” يمكن يترجمو زي “مليان بالمجد” أو “مقيم شديد” أو “مشرق بشكل لامع” أو “عظيم الهيبة”.
التعبير “ادي المجد لله” ممكن يترجمو زي “اكرم عظمة الله” أو "سبح الله بسبب عظمته " أو “كلم الآخرين كم الله هو عظيم”.
التعبير “المجد في” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “المدح” أو “فخور ب” أو “التكبر عن” أو “اتمتع ب”.
“تمجيد” ممكن يترجمو كمان زي “ادي المجد لي” أو “جيب المجد لي” أو “خلي يظهر عظيم”.
عبارة “تمجيد الله” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “سبح الله” أو " اتكلم عن عظمة الله" أو "ظهر كم هو الله عظيم " أو “اكرم الله (من خلال طاعته)”.
كلمة "كن ممجد " ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “يظهرو أنو يكون عظيم شديد” أو “كن مسبح” أو “كن متعالي”. ======= مجد , مجيد , بمجد

glory, glorious, glorify

تعريف

Definitio

الكلمة “مجد” هي كلمة عامة لأسرة من المفاهيم بما فيه قيمة، استحقاق، اهمية ، شرف ،عظمة أو جلالة .كلمة “مجيد” معناه تدي المجد لشخص او حاجة او يوري او يقول كيف الشخص او حاجة مجيد. The term “glory” is a general term for a family of concepts including value, worth, importance, honor, splendor, or majesty. The term “glorify” means to ascribe glory to someone or something, or to show or tell how glorious something or someone is.

في الكتاب المقدس، كلمة “مجد” بشكل خاص تستخدم عشان توصف بيهو الله، الهو عندو أكتر قيمة، أكتر استحقاق،أكثرأهمية،أكتر شرف، أكتر عظمة، وأكتر جلالة من أي واحد أو أي حاجة في الكون. اي حاجة عن شخصيته يكشف مجده. In the Bible, the term “glory” is especially used to describe God, who is more valuable, more worthy, more important, more honorable, more splendid, and more majestic than anyone or anything in the universe. Everything about his character reveals his glory.

الناس ممكن يمجيدو الله لمن يتكلموا عن الحاجات الكويسة الهم عملو،هم كمان بيقدرو يجمدوا الله من خلال حياتهم على حسب شخصية الله لأنو بالعمل ده ، بوري للتانيين قيمته و استحقاقه وأهميته وشرفه وعظمته و جلاله.

People can glorify God by telling about the wonderful things he has done. They can also glorify God by living in accordance with God’s character, because doing so shows to others his value, worth, importance, honor, splendor, and majesty.

التعبير " المجد في" معناه تفتخر عن أو تكون فخور بحاجة.

The expression to “glory in” means to boast about or take pride in something.

عهد قديم

Old Testament

في العهد القديم العبارة المحددة "مجد يهوه"عادة تشير لبعض المظاهر الملموسة لوجود يهوه في مكان معين.

The specific phrase “the glory of Yahweh” in the Old Testament usually refers to some perceptible manifestation of Yahweh’s presence in a particular location.

عهد جديد

New Testament

الله الأب حيمجد الله الابن من خلال اعلانه لكل الناس المدى الكامل انو كم يسوع هو مجيد.

God the Father will glorify God the Son by revealing to all people the full extent of how glorious Jesus is.

اي واحد بؤمن بالمسيح حيتمجد معاه. استخدام كلمة “تمجيد” ده بيحمل معنى فريد. وده بيعني لمن الناس البؤمنوا بالمسيح يقوموهم للحياة، حيغيروهم جسديا عشان يكونوا زي يسوع زي ما هو ظهر بعد قيامته.

Everyone who believes in Christ will be glorified with him. This use of the term “glorify” carries a unique meaning. It means that when people who believe in Christ are raised to life, they will be changed physically to be like Jesus as he appeared after his resurrection.

مقترحات الترجمة:

Translation Suggestions:

اعتمادا على الحالة ، الطرق المختلفة لترجمة “المجد” ممكن تشمل “عظمة” أو “جلالة” أو “عظمة رهيبة” أو “قيمة قصوى”.

Depending on the context, different ways to translate “glory” could include “splendor” or “majesty” or “awesome greatness” or “extreme value.”

كلمة “مجيد” يمكن يترجمو زي “مليان بالمجد” أو “مقيم شديد” أو “مشرق بشكل لامع” أو “عظيم الهيبة”.

The term “glorious” could be translated as “full of glory” or “extremely valuable” or “brightly shining” or “awesomely majestic.”

التعبير “ادي المجد لله” ممكن يترجمو زي “اكرم عظمة الله” أو "سبح الله بسبب عظمته " أو “كلم الآخرين كم الله هو عظيم”.

The expression “give glory to God” could be translated as “honor God’s greatness” or “praise God because of his splendor” or “tell others how great God is.”

التعبير “المجد في” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “المدح” أو “فخور ب” أو “التكبر عن” أو “اتمتع ب”.

The expression “glory in” could also be translated as “praise” or “take pride in” or “boast about” or “take pleasure in.”

“تمجيد” ممكن يترجمو كمان زي “ادي المجد لي” أو “جيب المجد لي” أو “خلي يظهر عظيم”.

“Glorify” could also be translated as “give glory to” or “bring glory to” or “cause to appear great.”

عبارة “تمجيد الله” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “سبح الله” أو " اتكلم عن عظمة الله" أو "ظهر كم هو الله عظيم " أو “اكرم الله (من خلال طاعته)”.

The phrase “glorify God” could also be translated as “praise God” or “talk about God’s greatness” or “show how great God is” or “honor God (by obeying him).”

كلمة "كن ممجد " ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “يظهرو أنو يكون عظيم شديد” أو “كن مسبح” أو “كن متعالي”.

The term “be glorified” could also be translated as “be shown to be very great” or “be praised” or “be exalted.”

(See also: honor, majesty, exalt, obey, praise)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

23:7 Suddenly, the skies were filled with angels praising God, saying, “Glory to God in heaven and peace on earth to the people he favors!”
25:6 Then Satan showed Jesus all the kingdoms of the world and all their glory and said, “I will give you all this if you bow down and worship me.”
37:1 When Jesus heard this news, he said, “This sickness will not end in death, but it is for the glory of God.”
37:8 Jesus responded, “Did I not tell you that you would see God’s glory if you believe in me?”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H117, H142, H155, H215, H1342, H1921, H1926, H1935, H1984, H3367, H3513, H3519, H3520, H6286, H6643, H7623, H8597, G1391, G1392, G1740, G1741, G2744, G4888

مذبح

Key Terms :: مذبح

التعريف

المذبح ده شكل بنيان مرفوع ،كان الاسرائيلين بيحرقوا فيهو الحيوانات و الحبوب كتقدمة لله

خلال فترات الكتاب المقدس كان المذابح البسيطة بعملو من الطين او وضع الحجارة الكبيرة مع بعض بشكل منظم لعمل كومة ثابتة .
بعض المذابح الخاصة على شكل صندوق ،مصنوع من الخشب ومغطى بالمعادن زي الدهب والنحاس والبرونز
بعض مجموعات من الناس الكانوا ساكنين جنب الاسرائيلين بنوا مذابح برضوا لتقديم الزبائح لألهتم .

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

3:14 After Noah got off the boat, he built an altar and sacrificed some of each kind of animal which could be used for a sacrifice.
5:8 When they reached the place of sacrifice, Abraham tied up his son Isaac and laid him on an altar.
13:9 A priest would kill the animal and burn it on the altar.
16:6 He (Gideon) built a new altar dedicated to God near where the altar to the idol used to be and made a sacrifice to God on it.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H741, H2025, H4056, H4196, G1041, G2379

مسيح , سيد المسيح

Key Terms :: مسيح , سيد المسيح

حقائق:

كلمات"المسيح" و “سيدالمسيح” بيعنو " الممسوح" ويشير ليسوع ،ابن الله.

الكلمتين “المسيح” و “سيدالمسيح” استخدموهم في العهد الجديد عشان يشير لابن الله ،العينه الله الأب عشان يحكم كملك على شعبه وينقذهم من الخطية والموت.
في العهد القديم ، الانبياء كتبوا نبوءات عن المسيح قبل ميات السنين من جيتو للارض .
مرات كتيرة كلمة “الممسوح” تستخدم في العهد القديم عشان يشير للمسيح الجاي.
يسوع حقق كتير من النبوءات دي وعمل كتير من المعجزات البتثبت أنو هو المسيح ؛ وبقية النبوءات دي حيتحقق لمن يرجع.
كلمة "المسيح"كتير بستخدمو كعنوان ، زي في “المسيح” و “المسيح يسوع”.
“المسيح” جاء برضوا عشان يستخدم زي جزء من اسمه ، زي في “يسوع المسيح”.

اقترحات:

ممكن يترجمو العبارة دى باستخدام معناه ، “الممسوح” أو " مخلص الله الممسوح".
لغات كتير بتستخدم كلمة مترجمة البتشاف أو بتسمع زي “المسيح” أو “سيد المسيح”. (انظر: [كيف تترجم الغير معروف ] (rc ://en/ta/man/الترجمة/الترجمة غير معروفة))
الكلمة المترجمة يمكن يتبعو تعريف الكلمة زي في ، “المسيح ، الممسوح”.
تكون ثابت في كيفية ترجمةالكلمة دا في الكتاب المقدس كله عشان يكون واضح وبنفس الكلمة البشير ليه.
تأكد أنو ترجمات “المسيح” و “السيدالمسيح” تعمل بشكل كويس في الحالات ويكون كل من الكلمتين في نفس الاصحاح (مثل يوحنا 1:41).

(See also: How to Translate Names

(See also: Son of God, David, Jesus, anoint)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:7 The Messiah was God’s Chosen One who would save the people of the world from sin.
17:8 As it happened, the Israelites would have to wait a long time before the Messiah came, almost 1,000 years.
21:1 From the very beginning, God planned to send the Messiah.
21:4 God promised King David that the Messiah would be one of David’s own descendants.
21:5 The Messiah would start the New Covenant.
21:6 God’s prophets also said that the Messiah would be a prophet, a priest, and a king.
21:9 The prophet Isaiah prophesied that the Messiah would be born from a virgin.
43:7 “But God raised him to life again to fulfill the prophecy which says, ‘You will not let your Holy One rot in the grave.’”
43:9 “But know for certain that God has caused Jesus to become both Lord and Messiah!”
43:11 Peter answered them, “Every one of you should repent and be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ so that God will forgive your sins.”
46:6 Saul reasoned with the Jews, proving that Jesus was the Messiah.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4899, G3323, G5547

مسيحي

Key Terms :: مسيحي

تعريف:

بعد فترة من رجوع يسوع لسماء ، الناس الفوا اسم “مسيحي” البيعني “تابع المسيح”.

كان في مدينة أنطاكية المكان السموا فيهو أتباع يسوع لأول مرة “مسيحيين”.
المسيحي ده الشخص البؤمن أنو يسوع هو ابن الله وبثق بيسوع عشان يخلصه من خطاياه.
في زمنا الحالي ، غالبًا ما يستخدم كلمة “مسيحي” عشان يشير للشخص البيتطابق مع الدين المسيحي ، و لكن هو بالحقيقة ما بتبع المسيح. ده ما معنى كلمة “مسيحي” في الكتاب المقدس.
لانو كلمة “مسيحي” في الكتاب المقدس بتشير للشخص البيؤمن بيسوع باالحقيقة ،كمان المسيحي بسمو “مؤمن”.

مقترحات الترجمة:

الكلمة دي ممكن يترجموها زي “تابع المسيح” أو “تابع للمسيح” أو حاجة زي ، “شخص المسيح”.
تأكد انو ترجمة الكلمة دي مترجم بشكل مختلف عن الكلمات المستخدمة للتلميذ أو الرسول.
انتبه انو تترجم الكلمة دي بكلمة الممكن تشير لاي شخص البيؤمن بيسوع ، ما مجموعات معينة بس .
خت كمان في اعتبارك كيف تترجم الكلمة دي في ترجمة الكتاب المقدس إلى لغة محلية أو وطنية. (شوف: كيف تترجم المجهول)

(See also: Antioch, Christ, church, disciple, believe, Jesus, Son of God)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

46:9 It was at Antioch that believers in Jesus were first called “Christians.”
47:14 Paul and other Christian leaders traveled to many cities, preaching and teaching people the good news about Jesus.
49:15 If you believe in Jesus and what he has done for you, you are a Christian!
49:16 If you are a Christian, God has forgiven your sins because of what Jesus did.
49:17 Even though you are a Christian, you will still be tempted to sin.
50:3 Before he returned to heaven, Jesus told Christians to proclaim the good news to people who have never heard it.
50:11 When Jesus returns, every Christian who has died will rise from the dead and meet him in the sky.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5546

معجزة, عجب, علامة

Key Terms :: معجزة, عجب, علامة

تعريف:

“المعجزة” دي حاجة عجيبة مامكن تحصل الا الله يتسبب فيها.

أمثلة للمعجزات العملو يسوع تشمل تهدئة العاصفة و شفاء راجل أعمى.
معجزات أحيانًا اسمو “عجائب” لانو بخلي الناس يكونو مليانين بالاعجوبة او الاستغراب .
كلمة “عجب” يمكن برضو يشير بشكل عام لمنظر مدهش لقوة الله، زي مثلآ لمن هو خلق السماء و الأرض.
معجزات برضو يمكن يسمو “علامات” عشان بستخدموها كموشرات أو دليل لكل قوة الله العندو سلطة كاملة على كل الدنيا.
بعض المعجزات كانت من أعمال الله الفدائي، زي لمن هو أنقذ شعب إسرائيل من العبودية في مصر و لمن هو حمى دانيال من الأسود عشان ما يأذوه.
العجائب التانية من كانت أعمال دينونة الله، زي لمن هو رسل طوفان عالمي في زمن نوح و لمن هو جاب الضربات الفظيعة لأرض مصر في زمن موسى.
كتير من معجزات الله كانت الشفاء الجسدي للناس العيانين أو يرجع الحياة للناس الميتين.
قوة الله ظهر في يسوع لمن شفى الناس و هدا العواصف، مشى على الموية،قوم الناس من الأموات. ديل كانو كل معجزات.
الله برضو سمح للأنبياء والرسل عشان ينفذوا معجزات شفاء والحاجات التانية الكانت فقط ممكنة بواسطة قوة الله.

مقترحات الترجمة:

الترجمات المحتملة “للمعجزات” او “العجائب” ممكن يشمل “الحاجات المستحيلة العملها الله” او “قوة اعمال الله” او “اعمال الله العجيبة”.
التعبير المتكرر “علامات وعجائب” يمكن يترجمو زي “اثباتات و معجزات” أو “أعمال معجزية البتثبت قوة الله” أو "معجزات عجيبة بتوري قدر كيف الله عظيم.
احظ أنو المعنى ده من العلامة المعجزية بختلف عن العلامة البثبت او دليل لحاجة معين . يمكن الاثنين ديل يكونو, مرتبطين .

(See also: power, prophet, apostle, sign)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

16:8 Gideon asked God for two signs so he could be sure that God would use him to save Israel.
19:14 God did many miracles through Elisha.
37:10 Many of the Jews believed in Jesus because of this miracle.
43:6 “Men of Israel, Jesus was a man who did many mighty signs and wonders by the power of God, as you have seen and already know.”
49:2 Jesus did many miracles that prove he is God. He walked on water, calmed storms, healed many sick people, drove out demons, raised the dead to life, and turned five loaves of bread and two small fish into enough food for over 5,000 people.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H226, H852, H2368, H2858, H4150, H4159, H4864, H5251, H5824, H5953, H6381, H6382, H6383, H6395, H6725, H7560, H7583, H8047, H8074, H8539, H8540, G880, G1213, G1229, G1411, G1569, G1718, G1770, G1839, G2285, G2296, G2297, G3167, G3902, G4591, G4592, G5059

مغفرة ،تسامح ،السماح ،عفوا ،عفا .

Key Terms :: مغفرة ،تسامح ،السماح ،عفوا ،عفا .

التعريف:

أن تغفر لزول تاني ،معناه ما تشيل ليهو غضب جواك حتى لو عمل ليك حاجة مضرة . “مسامحة” هي عملية المغفرة لشخص ما.

مسامحة زول تاني غالبا بيعني ما نعاقب الشخص داك على خطأ عملو .
يمكن استخدام الكلمة ده مجازياً عشان يعني “إلغاء” ، زي في عبارة “عفو الدين” .
لمن الناس يعترفوا بخطاياهم ،الله بغفر ليهم على اساس موت يسوع الفدائي على الصليب .
علم يسوع تلاميذه أنو يغفروا للآخرين زي ما غفر ليهم.
كلمة “عفو” تعني نسامح وما نعاقب شخص على خطيته.
الكلمة دي عندها نفس معنى ل"يسامح" لكن ممكن تشمل برضو معنى قرار شكلي بعدم معاقبة شخص مذنب .
في محكمة القانون ، ممكن القاضي يعفي الشخص الثبتوا عليه الجريمة .
برغم انو نحن مذنبين بالخطية ، يسوع المسيح عفانا من عقاب الجحيم ، على حسب موته الفدائي على الصليب .

ترجمات اخرى:

على حسب السياق ، يمكن يترجم “يسامح” زي “يعفي” أو “يلغي” أو “يحرر” أو “ما يتمسك بحاجة” (لشخص ما).
يمكن ترجمة كلمة"المسامحة" بكلمة أو عبارة تعني “ممارسة عدم الاستياء” أو “إعلان (شخص ما) بأنه غير مذنب” أو “فعل العفو”.
لو اللغة عندها كلمة لقرار رسمي بالمسامحة ، يمكن استخدامها لترجمة “العفو” .

(See also: guilt)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

7:10 But Esau had already forgiven Jacob, and they were happy to see each other again.
13:15 Then Moses climbed the mountain again and prayed that God would forgive the people. God listened to Moses and forgave them.
17:13 David repented of his sin and God forgave him.
21:5 In the New Covenant, God would write his law on the people’s hearts, the people would know God personally, they would be his people, and God would forgive their sins.
29:1 One day Peter asked Jesus, “Master, how many times should I forgive my brother when he sins against me?”
29:8 I forgave your debt because you begged me.
38:5 Then Jesus took a cup and said, “Drink this. It is my blood of the New Covenant that is poured out for the forgiveness of sins.”

Word Data:

H5546, H5547, H3722, H5375, H5545, H5547, H7521, G859, G863, G5483

مقدس, قداسة, غير مقدس, مقدس

Key Terms :: مقدس, قداسة, غير مقدس, مقدس

تعريف

كلمة “مقدس” و “القداسة” يوري الي صفات الله الكامل المعزول تمامآ و المنفصل من اي شيء نجس و غير تام

الله براه الكامل القداسةس, و هو بخلي الناس و الأشياء مقدس
الأنسان المقدس هو خاص لله و بكون مفصول لاهداف خدمة الله و مجده
الحاجة الله اعلنو المقدس وده الحاجة الله خصصو لخدمتو و مجده, لأستخدام, زي المذبح لهدف لتقديم الذبائح له
الناس ما بقدروا بقربوا منو الأ اذا هو سمح لهم, عشان هو قدوس و هم فقط ناس, خطاء و غيرأو كاملين
في العهد القديم الله خصص الكهنة كناس مقدسين لخدمة الخاصة, ليكونو رسميآ طاهرين من الخطياء عشان يتقربو من الله
الله برضو خصص بعض الأماكن المقدس و الحاجات التابع ليهو لمن خلالو يظهر نفسة, زي الهيكل بتاعو

حرفيا, كلمة “غير مقدس” يعني “ما مقدس”. و بوري انسان أو شيئ ما بكرم الله.

الكلمة ده بستخدموا عشان يوصفوا بيهو الأنسان الما بكرم الله او البتمرد ضد الله
الحاجة البسموها "ما مقدس " يمكن نوصفوا بحاجة عام دنس النجس .او ما تابع لله

كلمة "مقدسة "بوري حاجة العندو علاقة بعبادة الله او عبادة عوثن او لالهه الغير كازبة .

في العهد القديم كلمة “مقدسة” كان كتير بوري بيهو الاعمدة الحجرية والاشياء بستخدوا في عبادة وثني لالهه الكازبة .ويمكن برضو يترجموا زي الديانة
الاغاني المقدسة و الموسيقة المقدسة بوري للموسيقة البغنو لتمجيد الله .وده يمكن يترجموا بالموسيقة او ترانيم عبادة يهوه او الترانيم البسبح الله
عبارة “الواجبات المقدسة” بوري “الواجبات الدينية” او “العادات و التقليد” البيقوم به الكاهن لقيادة الناس في عبادة الله. يمكن أن يوري أبرضو إلى العادات و التقاليد البيؤديها كاهن الوثني لعبادة الألهه الكازبة

اقتراحات الترجمة

طرق ترجمة كلمة “مقدس” يمكن يضم “مكرس لله” أو “تباع لله” أو “طاهر تمامآ” أو “بدون خطيئة تمامآ” أو " منفصل من الخطية"
لتكون “مقدس” دايما بترجم "كتقديس " في اللغة الإنجليزية. يمكن يترجم برضو بانو تكريس الأنسان لمجد الله
طرق ترجمة كلمة "غير مقدس "يمكن يشمل "ما مقدس " او ما تابع لله او ما ممجد لله او ما عندو ايمان
فبي بعض التعبيرات كلمة غير مقدس بترجم "كنجس "

(See also: Holy Spirit, consecrate, sanctify, set apart)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

1:16 He (God) blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on this day he rested from his work.
9:12 “You are standing on holy ground.”
13:1 “If you will obey me and keep my covenant, you will be my prized possession, a kingdom of priests, and a holy nation.”
13:5 “Always be sure to keep the Sabbath day holy.”
22:5 “So the baby will be holy, the Son of God.”
50:2 As we wait for Jesus to return, God wants us to live in a way that is holy and that honors him.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H430, H2455, H2623, H4676, H4720, H6918, H6922, H6942, H6944, H6948, G37, G38, G39, G40, G41, G42, G462, G1859, G2150, G2412, G2413, G2839, G3741, G3742

ملاك, رئيس الملاك

Key Terms :: ملاك, رئيس الملاك

تعريف

الملاك هو كائن روحي قوي الخلقه الله . الملائكة موجودين عشان يخدموا الله بعمل اي حاجة هو بقول ليهم يعملوا .كلمة "رئيس الملاك "بوري الملاك الحاكم او القائد لكل الملائكة

كلمة"ملاك" حرفيآ بيعني"رسول"
”كلمة “رئيس الملائكة” حرفيا بيعني "الرسول الرئيس ". الملاك الوحيد المزكور في الكتاب المقدس بـ “رئيس الملائكة” هو ميخائيل
في الكتاب المقدس ، الملائكة بدو رسائل من الله للناس. الرسائل ديل بشمل التوجيهات عن كل حاجات الله داير الناس يعملو .
الملائكة برضو بكلموا الناس بالاحداث الماشي يحصل في المستقبل او الحاجات الحصلت خلاص.
الملائكة عندهم سلطان الله زي ممثلين له و مرات في الكتاب المقدس بتكلموا زي الله بنفسه البتكلم.
طرق تانية الملاك بخدم بيهو الله هي ،حماية و تقوية الناس
تعبير خاصة “ملاك يهوه”، ممكن عنده اكتر من معني واحدة: (1) يمكن تعني “الملاك البمثل يهوه” او " المرسل البخدم يهوه".: (2) يمكن يوري يهوه نفسه، البيشبه الملاك زي هو كلم لأنسان. واحد من المعنيين ده يوري شرح استخدام الملاك “انا” زيما كان يهوه نفسه يتكلم.

اقتراحات الترجمة

طرق ترجمة “ملاك” يمكن يشمل “رسول من الله” او “خادم الله السماوي” او " روح الله المرسل"
كلمة “رئيس الملائكة” يمكن ترجمته زي “رئيس الملائكة” او “حاكم الملائكة” او “قائد الملائكة”
برضو خت في الاعتبار كيف يترجم الكلمات ده في اللغات القومية او اللغات المحلية الاحرى .
تعبير ملاك "يهوه "يمكن يترجم باستخدام كلمات “ملاك” و "يهوه"العبارة ده بسمح لترجمات مختلفة ، الترجمات الممكن يشمل :"ملاك من الله “ملاك من بهوه” “ملاك مرسل من يهوه” او "يهوه يظهر كملاك "

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: chief, head, messenger, Michael, ruler, servant)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

2:12 God placed large, powerful angels at the entrance to the garden to keep anyone from eating the fruit of the tree of life.
22:3 The angel responded to Zechariah, “I was sent by God to bring you this good news.”
23:6 Suddenly, a shining angel appeared to them (the shepherds), and they were terrified. The angel said, “Do not be afraid, because I have some good news for you.”
23:7 Suddenly, the skies were filled with angels praising God.
25:8 Then angels came and took care of Jesus.
38:12 Jesus was very troubled and his sweat was like drops of blood. God sent an angel to strengthen him.
38:15 “I could ask the Father for an army of angels to defend me.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H47, H430, H4397, H4398, H8136, G32, G743, G2465

ملك اليهود

Key Terms :: ملك اليهود

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تعريف:

كلمة “ملك اليهود” هو عنوان البشير ليسوع, المسيا.

اول مرة يسجل الكتاب المقدس العنوان ده لمن استخدموا بواسطة الرجال الحكماء السافروا لبيت لحم يفتشوا الجنى البكون “ملك اليهود”.
الملاك اعلن لمريم عن ابنها, من نسل داود الملك, حيكون الملك البيحكم الى الأبد.
قبل ما يصلبوا يسوع , جنود الرومان نادوا يسوع سخرية, “ملك اليهود.” العنوان دا كان كتبوا كمان على قطعة خشب و دقوا فوق على صليب يسوع.
بالحقيقة يسوع هو ملك اليهود و ملك لكل الخليقة.

مقترحات الترجمة:

كلمة “ملك اليهود” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “ملك على اليهود” او “ملك البيحكم على اليهود” او “الحاكم الأعلى لليهود”.
راجع عشان تشوف كيف عبارة “ملك ال” مترجم في مكان تاني في الترجمة. =======

King of the Jews

تعريف:

Definition:

كلمة “ملك اليهود” هو عنوان البشير ليسوع, المسيا. The term “King of the Jews” is a title that refers to Jesus, the Messiah.

اول مرة يسجل الكتاب المقدس العنوان ده لمن استخدموا بواسطة الرجال الحكماء السافروا لبيت لحم يفتشوا الجنى البكون “ملك اليهود”.

The first time the Bible records this title is when it was used by the wise men who traveled to Bethlehem looking for the baby who was “King of the Jews.”

الملاك اعلن لمريم عن ابنها, من نسل داود الملك, حيكون الملك البيحكم الى الأبد.

The angel revealed to Mary that her son, a descendant of King David, would be a king whose reign would last forever.

قبل ما يصلبوا يسوع , جنود الرومان نادوا يسوع سخرية, “ملك اليهود.” العنوان دا كان كتبوا كمان على قطعة خشب و دقوا فوق على صليب يسوع.

Before Jesus was crucified, Roman soldiers mockingly called Jesus “King of the Jews.” This title was also written on a piece of wood and nailed to the top of Jesus’ cross.

بالحقيقة يسوع هو ملك اليهود و ملك لكل الخليقة.

Jesus truly is the King of the Jews and the king over all creation.

مقترحات الترجمة:

Translation Suggestions:

كلمة “ملك اليهود” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “ملك على اليهود” او “ملك البيحكم على اليهود” او “الحاكم الأعلى لليهود”.

The term “King of the Jews” could also be translated as “king over the Jews” or “king who rules over the Jews” or “supreme ruler of the Jews.”

راجع عشان تشوف كيف عبارة “ملك ال” مترجم في مكان تاني في الترجمة.

Check to see how the phrase “king of” is translated in other places in the translation.

(See also: descendant, Jew, Jesus, king, kingdom, kingdom of God, wise men)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

23:9 Some time later, wise men from countries far to the east saw an unusual star in the sky. They realized it meant a new king of the Jews was born.
39:9 Pilate asked Jesus, “Are you the King of the Jews?”
39:12 The Roman soldiers whipped Jesus and put a royal robe and a crown made of thorns on him. Then they mocked him by saying, “Look, the King of the Jews!”
40:2 Pilate commanded that they write, “King of the Jews” on a sign and put it on the cross above Jesus’ head.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G935, G2453

ملكوت السموات ،ملكوت الله

Key Terms :: ملكوت السموات ،ملكوت الله

التعريف:

الكلمات “ملكوت الله” و “ملكوت السموات” الاتنين بشيروا لحكم الله و سلطانه على شعبه وعلى كل الخليقة.

اليهود عادة بستخدموا كلمة “السماء” عشان يشيروا لله ، ليتجنبوا انو يقولوا اسمه مباشر. (انظر: [الكناية] (rc: // en / ta / man / translate / figs-metonymy))
في كتاب العهد الجديد الكتبو متى ، أشار لملكوت الله “كملكوت السماوات” ، ممكن لأنه اساسا كان بكتب للجمهور اليهودي.
ملكوت الله بشير لحكم الله على الناس روحياً زي ما بيحكم كمان على العالم المادي.
أنبياء العهد القديم قالوا إنو الله حيرسل المسيا عشان يحكم بالبر. يسوع ، ابن الله ، هو المسيا الحيحكم ملكوت الله للأبد.

مقترحات الترجمة:

على حسب الحالة ، “ملكوت الله” ممكن يترجمو زي “حكم الله ( كملك)” أو “لمن الله يحكم كملك” أو “حكم الله على كل حاجة”.
كلمة “ملكوت السموات” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “الله بحكم من السماء كملك” او “الله من السماء بيحكم” او"حكم السماء" او “السماء بيحكم على كل حاجة” لو ده ما ممكن يترجمو ببساطة ووضوح ، يمكن يترجمو بدل ده بعبارة “ملكوت الله”.
بعض المترجمين ممكن يفضلوا كتابة “السماء” بالحروف الكبيرة عشان يوري أنو بتشير لله. وتانيين ممكن يعملوا ملحوطة في النص ، زي “ملكوت السماوات (الهو” ملكوت الله ").
ملحوظة تحت في صفحة الكتاب المقدس المطبوع يمكن كمان يستخدم عشان يشرح معنى “السماء” في التعبير ده. =======

#ملكوت السموات ،ملكوت الله

kingdom of God, kingdom of heaven

##التعريف

Definition:

الكلمات “ملكوت الله” و “ملكوت السموات” الاتنين بشيروا لحكم الله و سلطانه على شعبه وعلى كل الخليقة. The terms “kingdom of God” and “kingdom of heaven” both refer to God’s rule and authority over his people and over all creation.

اليهود عادة بستخدموا كلمة “السماء” عشان يشيروا لله ، ليتجنبوا انو يقولوا اسمه مباشر. (انظر: [الكناية] (rc: // en / ta / man / translate / figs-metonymy))
The Jews often used the term “heaven” to refer to God, to avoid saying his name directly. (See: metonymy
في كتاب العهد الجديد الكتبو متى ، أشار لملكوت الله “كملكوت السماوات” ، ممكن لأنه اساسا كان بكتب للجمهور اليهودي.
In the New Testament book that Matthew wrote, he referred to God’s kingdom as “the kingdom of heaven,” probably because he was writing primarily for a Jewish audience.
ملكوت الله بشير لحكم الله على الناس روحياً زي ما بيحكم كمان على العالم المادي.
The kingdom of God refers to God ruling people spiritually as well as ruling over the physical world.
أنبياء العهد القديم قالوا إنو الله حيرسل المسيا عشان يحكم بالبر. يسوع ، ابن الله ، هو المسيا الحيحكم ملكوت الله للأبد.
The Old Testament prophets said that God would send the Messiah to rule with righteousness. Jesus, the Son of God, is the Messiah who will rule over God’s kingdom forever.

مقترحات الترجمة

Translation Suggestions:

على حسب الحالة ، “ملكوت الله” ممكن يترجمو زي “حكم الله ( كملك)” أو “لمن الله يحكم كملك” أو “حكم الله على كل حاجة”.
Depending on the context, “kingdom of God” can be translated as “God’s rule (as king)” or “when God reigns as king” or “God’s rule over everything.”

*كلمة “ملكوت السموات” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “الله بحكم من السماء كملك” او “الله من السماء بيحكم” او"حكم السماء" او “السماء بيحكم على كل حاجة” لو ده ما ممكن يترجمو ببساطة ووضوح ، يمكن يترجمو بدل ده بعبارة “ملكوت الله”.

The term “kingdom of heaven” could also be translated as “God’s rule from heaven as king” or “God in heaven reigning” or “heaven’s reign” or “heaven ruling over everything.” If it is not possible to translate this simply and clearly, the phrase “kingdom of God” could be translated instead.
بعض المترجمين ممكن يفضلوا كتابة “السماء” بالحروف الكبيرة عشان يوري أنو بتشير لله. وتانيين ممكن يعملوا ملحوطة في النص ، زي “ملكوت السماوات (الهو” ملكوت الله ").
Some translators may prefer to capitalize “Heaven” to show that it refers to God. Others may include a note in the text, such as “kingdom of heaven (that is, ‘kingdom of God’).”

*ملحوظة تحت في صفحة الكتاب المقدس المطبوع يمكن كمان يستخدم عشان يشرح معنى “السماء” في التعبير ده.

A footnote at the bottom of the page of a printed Bible may also be used to explain the meaning of “heaven” in this expression.

(See also: God, heaven, king, kingdom, King of the Jews, reign)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

24:2 He (John) preached to them, saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of God is near!”
28:6 Then Jesus said to his disciples, “It is extremely hard for rich people to enter into the kingdom of God! Yes, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God.”
29:2 Jesus said, “The kingdom of God is like a king who wanted to settle accounts with his servants.”
34:1 Jesus told many other stories about the kingdom of God. For example, he said, “The kingdom of God is like a mustard seed that someone planted in his field.”
34:3 Jesus told another story, “The kingdom of God is like yeast that a woman mixes into some bread dough until it spreads throughout the dough.”
34:4 “The kingdom of God is also like hidden treasure that someone hid in a field… Another man found the treasure and then buried it again.”
34:5 “The kingdom of God is also like a perfect pearl of great value.”
42:9 He proved to his disciples in many ways that he was alive, and he taught them about the kingdom of God.
49:5 Jesus said that the kingdom of God is more valuable than anything else in the world.
50:2 When Jesus was living on earth he said, “My disciples will preach the good news about the kingdom of God to people everywhere in the world, and then the end will come.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: G932, G2316, G3772

نبي، نبوة، تنبأ، رائي ، نبية

Key Terms :: نبي، نبوة، تنبأ، رائي ، نبية

تعريف

" النبي" هو الراجل البكلم الناس برسائل الله. المراة البتعمل كده تسمى “نبية”.

غالبآ الأنبياء بحزروا الناس عشان يرجعو من طريق خطاياهم و يطيعوا الله .
“النبوة” دي الرسالة البقولها النبي. “تتنبا” معناه تتكلم برسائل الله.
غالبآ رسالة النبوة بتكون عن حاجة بتحصل في المستقبل.
نبوءات كتيرة في العهد القديم اتحققت بالفعل.
في الكتاب المقدس مجموعة من الكتب المكتوبه بواسطة الأنبياء مرات بشير لاسماء"الانبياء".
زي مثلآ، عبارة “الناموس والأنبياء” هي طريقة بتوري جميع الكتب العبرية، المعروفة برضو بأسم " العهد القديم"
الكلمة القديمة لنبي كان “رائي” او “شخص الرائي”.
احيانآ كلمة “رائي” بتوري النبي الكازب او الشخص البمارس السحر.

مقترحات الترجمة

كلمة “النبي” يمكن يترجمو زي “المتكلم بأسم الله” او راجل يتكلم بأسم الله" او " راجل يتكلم برسائل الله".
“الرائي” يمكن يترجمو زي “شخص يرى رؤيا” او “رجل يشوف المستقبل من الله”.
كلمة “نبية” يمكن ترجمته زي “المتكلمة باسم الله” او “المراة البتكلم باسم الله” او “المراة البتكلم برسائل الله”.
طرق ترجمة "النبوة"يمكن تشمل “رسالة من الله” او “رسالة نبوية”.
كلمة “نبوة” يمكن ترجمته زي “تكلم بكلمات من الله” او “وري رسالة الله”.
التعبير المجازي “القانون و الأنبياء” يمكن برضو ترجمته زي “كتب الشريعة و الأنبياء” او “كل ما كتب عن الله و شعبه، يشمل شريعة الله و انبيائه”.
لمن يشير النبي (او رائي) للأله الكازب، ممكن من الضروري يترجم زي “نبي(رائي) الكازب” او “نبي(رائي) لأله كازب” او “نبي البعل, مثلآ”.
رؤيا,شريعة, وفاء, نبي كذاب, إله كاذب, عرافة, بعل

(See also: Baal, divination, false god, false prophet, fulfill, law, vision)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

12:12 When the Israelites saw that the Egyptians were dead, they trusted in God and believed that Moses was a prophet of God.
17:13 God was very angry about what David had done, so he sent the prophet Nathan to tell David how evil his sin was.
19:1 Throughout the history of the Israelites, God sent them prophets. The prophets heard messages from God and then told the people God’s messages.
19:6 All the people of the entire kingdom of Israel, including the 450 prophets of Baal, came to Mount Carmel.
19:17 Most of the time, the people did not obey God. They often mistreated the prophets and sometimes even killed them.
21:9 The prophet Isaiah prophesied that the Messiah would be born from a virgin.
43:5 “This fulfills the prophecy made by the prophet Joel in which God said, ‘In the last days, I will pour out my Spirit.’”
43:7 “This fulfills the prophecy which says, ‘You will not let your Holy One rot in the grave.’”
48:12 Moses was a great prophet who proclaimed the word of God. But Jesus is the greatest prophet of all. He is the Word of God.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2372, H2374, H4853, H5012, H5013, H5016, H5017, H5029, H5030, H5031, H5197, G2495, G4394, G4395, G4396, G4397, G4398, G5578

هيكل, بيت, بيت الله

Key Terms :: هيكل, بيت, بيت الله

حقائق:

كان الهيكل مبنى مسور من حوله بحييط و هي المكان الأسرائيليين بيجوا عشان يصلوا و يقدموا الذبائح لله. كان بيقع على جبل موريا في مدينة اورشليم.

غالبآ كلمة “الهيكل” بوري المعبد بالكامل، حتى الهوش حول المبنى الأساسي. مرات بوري المبنى فقط .
مبنى الهيكل عندو اتنين غرف .القدس و قدس الاقداس.
الله بشير للهيكل زي مكانه البسكن فيه.
الملك سليمان بنى الهيكل في زمن حكمه. كان مفروض يكون مكان العبادة الدائمة في اورشليم.
في العهد الجديد، كلمة “هيكل الروح القدس” استخدمو عشان يوري المؤمنين بيسوع كمجموعة، لأن الروح القدس ساكن فيهم.

مقترحات الترجمة:

عادة لمن يقول النص ان الناس كانوا “في المعبد”، بيشير الى المساحة خارج المبنى. ده يمكن يترجمو زي “في ساحة المعبد” او “في مجمع المعبد”.
لمن يشير بالتحديد للمبنى نفسه، بعض الترحمات بترجمو “المعبد” زي “مبنى المعبد”، عشان يكون المرجع واضح.
طرق ترجمة “هيكل” يمكن يشمل, " بيت الله المقدس" او “مكان العبادة المقدسة”.
غالبآ في الكتاب المقدس, الهيكل بشير ل “بيت يهوه” او “بيت الله”.

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:6 David wanted to build a temple where all the Israelites could worship God and offer him sacrifices.
18:2 In Jerusalem, Solomon built the Temple for which his father David had planned and gathered materials. Instead of at the Tent of Meeting, people now worshiped God and offered sacrifices to him at the Temple. God came and was present in the Temple, and he lived there with his people.
20:7 They (Babylonians) captured the city of Jerusalem, destroyed the Temple, and took away all the treasures.
20:13 When the people arrived in Jerusalem, they rebuilt the Temple and the wall around the city of the city and the Temple.
25:4 Then Satan took Jesus to the highest point on the Temple and said, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down, for it is written, ‘God will command his angels to carry you so your foot does not hit a stone.’”
40:7 When he died, there was an earthquake and the large curtain that separated the people from the presence of God in the Temple was torn in two, from the top to the bottom.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1004, H1964, H1965, G1493, G2411, G3485

ولد

Key Terms :: ولد

التعريف

بسموا نسل الرجل و المراه بولدهم طول حياته ،و بسمو برضو ولد الرجل ده و ولد المراة ده .الولد المتبنى هو ذكر تم وضعه بالقانون في موقع الولد .

عبارة "ولد من " يمكن يستخدم لمعرفة ابو الشخص ،امو او جدو من الجيل السابق .العبارة ده مستخدم في الانساب و مناطق اخري
“اولاد اسرائيل” هم دايما شعب اسرائيل (بعد التكوين )
استخدام “ولد من” بساعد انو يدي نفس الاب في كتير من الاحيان في تمييز الاشخاص البحملو نفس الاسم زي مثلا “عزريا ولد صادوق” و “عزريا ولد ناثان” في ملوك الاول 4 و عزريا ولد امصيا في ملوك الثاني 15 ديل تلاتة رجال مختلفين .
يمكن استخدام عبارة “ولد” عشان نربط شخص بأي شخص تاني او مفهوم بجي بعد ده . وبعداك بتم تحديد المعنى الى حد كبير من خلال التعبير ،يمكن انو يكون ايجابيا زي في ملوك الثاني 2:16 ،“اولاد القدرة” سلبي، زي صموئيل الثاني 7:10 “اولاد الشر” ،بوري العضوية في جماعة و بعبر عن الاذدراء بها عدم تسمية الشخص زي مثلا انتو اولاد صروبة الخ .

مقترحات لترجمة

في بعض تكرارات الكلمة ده ،من الافضل ترجمة "ولد"بالكلمة الحرفي باللغة المستخدمة البوري "الولد "
لمن يترجم كلمة “ولد الله” يجب استخدام الكلمة المعروف للغة المشروع للولد
مرات "الاولاد"يمكن يترجم زي “الاطفال” لمن نقصد بيهو الاولاد و البنات سوى .مثلا "اولاد الله " يمكن يترجم زي “اولاد الله” طلما التعبير ده بشمل برضو البنات و النسوان .

(See also: descendant, ancestor, Son of God, sons of God)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

4:8 God spoke to Abram and promised again that he would have a son and as many descendants as the stars in the sky.
4:9 God said, “I will give you a son from your own body.”
5:5 About a year later, when Abraham was 100 years old and Sarah was 90, Sarah gave birth to Abraham’s son.
5:8 When they reached the place of sacrifice, Abraham tied up his son Isaac and laid him on an altar. He was about to kill his son when God said, “Stop! Do not hurt the boy! Now I know that you fear me because you did not keep your only son from me.”
9:7 When she saw the baby, she took him as her own son.
11:6 God killed every one of the Egyptians’ firstborn sons.
18:1 After many years, David died, and his son Solomon began to rule.
26:4 “Is this the son of Joseph?â€š” they said.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1060, H1121, H1123, H1248, H3173, H3206, H3211, H4497, H5209, H5220, G3816, G5043, G5207

يؤمن , مؤمن,الأيمان, غير مؤمن, عدم الايمان

Key Terms :: يؤمن , مؤمن,الأيمان, غير مؤمن, عدم الايمان

التعريف

كلمات “يؤمن” و “يؤمن فيه” هم قريبين بعض شديد، لكن عندهم معاني مختلفة شوية.

يؤمن

أن تؤمن هوان تقبل حاجة أو تثق أنو صحيح.
لتؤمن بشخص آخر هو ان تعترف بأن القالو الشخص ده صحيح.

تؤمن في

أن “تؤمن في” شخص آخر بيعني "تثق في"الشخص. بيعني أن تثق في الشخص البقول أنه هو، دائمآ البقول الحقيقة، و هو حيعمل الوعد بيه ان يعمله.
لمن يؤمن الشخص في حاجة حقيقي، فهو بيتصرف بطريقة البوري الايمان .
العبارة “عندو ايمان في” عادة عندو نفس معنى زي “يؤمن في”
أن " تؤمن بيسوع" بيعني تؤمن انه هو ابن الله، وهو الله نفسه البرضو بقى انسان و مات كذبيحة ليدفع تمن خطايانا. بيعني أن تثق فيه كمخلص وتعيش بطريقة البكرمه.

مؤمن

في الكتاب المقدس كلمة “مؤمن” بيوري الشخص المؤمن والبتكل علي يسوع المسيح كمخلص.
كلمة “مؤمن” حرفياً بيعني"الشخص البؤمن".
أصبح كلمة “مسيحي” في النهاية العنوان الرئيسي للمؤمنين لآنو بوري انهم بؤمنوا بالمسيح و بطيعوا تعاليمه.

عدم الايمان

كلمة “عدم الايمان” بوري عدم الإيمان بحاجة أو بشخص آخر.

في الكتاب المقدس ، “عدم الايمان” بوري عدم الإيمان في أو عدم الثقة في يسوع كمخلص لشخص ما
الشخص الما بيؤمن بيسوع يسمى “غير مؤمن”.

مقترحات الترجمة

“تؤمن” يمكن ترجمته إلى “تعرف ان تكون صحيح” أو “تعرف الحق”.
أن "تؤمن " يمكن ترجمته إلى “الثقة الكاملة” أو “الثقة والطاعة” أو “الاتكال تمامآ والمتابعة”
بعض الترجمات بفضلو أن يقولوا “مؤمن بيسوع” أو “مؤمن بالمسيح”.
الكلمة ده برضو يمكن يترجم بكلمة او عبارة البيعني “شخص بثق في يسوع” او “شخص عارف يسوع و عايش له”.
طرق أخرى لترجمة كلمة “مؤمن” يمكن تكون “اتباع يسوع” أو “شخص عارف يسوع ويطيعه”.
كلمة “مؤمن” هو كلمة عام لأي مؤمن في المسيح، بينما “تلميذ” و “رسول” كان استخدم كتير خاصتآ للناس العرفوا يسوع لمن هو حي. من الأفضل ترجمة الكلمات ديل بطرق مختلفة،عشان نحافظ على اختلافهم .
طرق الأخرى لترجمة "عدم الايمان " ممكن يشمل “نقص الإيمان” أو “عدم الإيمان”.
كلمة “غير مؤمن” يمكن ترجمتة زي “شخص الما بؤمن بيسوع” أو “شخص الما بثق بيسوع كمخلص”.

(See also: believe, apostle, Christian, disciple, faith, trust)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

3:4 Noah warned the people about the coming flood and told them to turn to God, but they did not believe him.
4:8 Abram believed God’s promise. God declared that Abram was righteous because he believed God’s promise.
11:2 God provided a way to save the firstborn of anyone who believed in him.
11:6 But the Egyptians did not believe God or obey his commands.
37:5 Jesus replied, “I am the Resurrection and the Life. Whoever believes in me will live, even though he dies. Everyone who believes in me will never die. Do you believe this?”
43:1 After Jesus returned to heaven, the disciples stayed in Jerusalem as Jesus had commanded them to do. The believers there constantly gathered together to pray.
43:3 While the believers were all together, suddenly the house where they were was filled with a sound like a strong wind. Then something that looked like flames of fire appeared over the heads of all the believers.
43:13 Every day, more people became believers.
46:6 That day many people in Jerusalem started persecuting the followers of Jesus, so the believers fled to other places. But in spite of this, they preached about Jesus everywhere they went.
46:1 Saul was the young man who guarded the robes of the men who killed Stephen. He did not believe in Jesus, so he persecuted the believers.
46:9 Some believers who fled from the persecution in Jerusalem went far away to the city of Antioch and preached about Jesusâ€¦It was at Antioch that believers in Jesus were first called “Christians.”
47:14 They also wrote many letters to encourage and teach the believers in the churches.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0539, H0540, G0543, G0544, G0569, G0570, G0571, G3982, G4100, G4102, G4103, G4135

يثق ، موثوق ،جدير بالثقة ، الجدارة بالثقة

Key Terms :: يثق ، موثوق ،جدير بالثقة ، الجدارة بالثقة

التعريف:

عشان “تثق” بحاجةأو بشخص معين معناه تؤمن أنو الشخص أو الحاجة داك هو صح أو يمكن يعتمدو عليه. الاعتقاد داك برضو بسمو “الثقة”. والشخص “الجدير بالثقة” هو الشخص الممكن تثق انو يعمل و يقول الحقيقة و الصح،، وعشان كدا هو الشخص العندو صفات “الجدارة بالثقة”.

الثق قريب شديد للإيمان. لو نحنا نثق بشخص معين ، عندنا إيمان في الشخص ده انو يعمل الحاجة الوعد بيه.
تثق في شخص معين معناه برضو تعتمد عليه.
“تثق بيسوع” معناه تؤمن بأنو هو الله ، تؤمن بأنو مات على الصليب عشان يدفع ثمن خطايانا ، و نعتمد عليه عشان ينقذنا .
“مقولة جدير بالثقة” تشير إلى حاجة بيقولوا أنو ممكن نعتمد عليه أنو حيكون صحيح.

مقترحات ترجمة:

طرق ترجمة “الثقة” يمكن تشمل “اعتقد” أو “اؤمن” أو “ثق” أو “اعتمد على”.
عبارة “خت ثقتك في” مشابهة شديد في معنى “ثق في”.
يمكن ترجمة كلمة "جدير بالثقة"زي “معتمد” أو “موثوق به” أو “جدير بالثقة دائما”.

(See also: believe, confidence, faith, faithful, true)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

12:12 When the Israelites saw that the Egyptians were dead, they trusted in God and believed that Moses was a prophet of God.
14:15 Joshua was a good leader because he trusted and obeyed God.
17:2 David was a humble and righteous man who trusted and obeyed God.
34:6 Then Jesus told a story about people who trusted in their own good deeds and despised other people.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H539, H982, H1556, H2620, H2622, H3176, H4009, H4268, H7365, G1679, G3872, G3982, G4006, G4100, G4276

يرث, ميراث, وارث

Key Terms :: يرث, ميراث, وارث

التعريف:

الكلمة “يرث” بتوري انو تستلم حاجة عندو قيمة من الوالدين بعد موتهم. الكلمة ممكن تشير كمان انو تحصل على حاجة عندو قيمة من شخص تاني بسبب علاقة خاصة بشخص دا. “الميراث” دا الحاجات البتحصل عليها ، و “الوارث” دا الشخص البلقى الميراث.

الميراث المادي البنستلمو ممكن يكون قروش او ارض او انواع تاني من الممتلكات.
الله وعد إبراهيم ونسله أنو يرثوا أرض كنعان، الحيكون لهم للأبد.

ترجمة مقترحات:

كالعادة دائما ، خت في اعتبارك أول إذا فعلا في كلمات في اللغة المستهدفة لمفهوم الوارث أو الميراث، واستخدم الكلمات ديل.
على حسب الحالة، طرق تانية لترجمة كلمة “يرث” ممكن تشمل “تستلم” أو “تمتلك” أو “امتلاك”.
طرق ترجمة “الميراث” ممكن تشمل “الهدية الموعودة” أو “امتلاك مضمون”.
كلمة “وارث” ممكن يترجمو بكلمة أو العبارة البتعني “الجنى الكويس البستلم ممتلكات أبوه”.
كلمة “ميراث” ممكن يترجمو زي “بركات الموروثة”.

(See also: heir, Canaan, Promised Land, possess)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

4:6 When Abram arrived in Canaan God said, “Look all around you. I will give to you and your descendants all the land that you can see as an inheritance.”
27:1 One day, an expert in the Jewish law came to Jesus to test him, saying, “Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?”
35:3 “There was a man who had two sons. The younger son told his father, ‘Father, I want my inheritance now!’ So the father divided his property between the two sons.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2490, H2506, H3423, H3425, H4181, H5157, H5159, G2816, G2817, G2819, G2820

يسجد, ينحني , العبادة

Key Terms :: يسجد, ينحني , العبادة

التعريف:

ان "تسجد"لشخص ما معناه تنحني على الأرض ، عادة لشخص عندو سلطة زي ملك أو شخص تاني عندو قوة . نفس الكلمة ممكن برضو تعني “العبادة” البتشير إلى أعمال الكرم ، التمجيد وطاعة الله.

غالبا الكلمة دي تعني حرفيا “تنحني” أو “النفس الساجدة” لتكريم شخص ما بكل تواضع .
نعبد الله لمن نخدمه ونكرمه ،بتمجيده وطاعته.
لمن الإسرائيليين يعبدو الله , في كثير من المرات كان يشمل تقديم ذبيحة حيوان على المذبح .
الكلمة ده يمكن يستخدموا الناس البيعبدوا يهوه كأله الواحد الحقيقي و الناس التانيين البيعبدوا الالهه الكاذبة

مقترحات الترجمة:

كلمة “عبادة” ممكن يترجمو زي “إنحناء ل” أو “احترام وخدمة” أو “احترام وطاعة”.
في بعض الحالات ، يمكن برضو يترجم زي “الشكر بتواضع” أو “إعطاء الاحترام والشكر”.

(See also: bow, fear, sacrifice, praise, honor)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

13:4 Then God gave them the covenant and said, “I am Yahweh, your God, who saved you from slavery in Egypt. Do not worship other gods.”
14:2 The Canaanites did not worship or obey God. They worshiped false gods and did many evil things.
17:6 David wanted to build a temple where all the Israelites could worship God and offer him sacrifices.
18:12 All of the kings and most of the people of the kingdom of Israel worshiped idols.
25:7 Jesus replied, “Get away from me, Satan! In God’s word he commands his people, ‘Worship only the Lord your God and only serve him.’”
26:2 On the Sabbath, he (Jesus) went to the place of worship.
47:1 There they met a woman named Lydia who was a merchant. She loved and worshiped God.
49:18 God tells you to pray, to study his word, to worship him with other Christians, and to tell others what he has done for you.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5457, H5647, H6087, H7812, G1391, G1479, G2151, G2318, G2323, G2356, G3000, G3511, G4352, G4353, G4573, G4574, G4576

يسوع , يسوع المسيح , المسيح يسوع

Key Terms :: يسوع , يسوع المسيح , المسيح يسوع

حقائق:

يسوع هو ابن الله. اسم “يسوع” يعني “يهوه يخلص”. كلمة “المسيح” هو عنوان البيعني “الممسوح” و ده كلمة تانية للمسيح.

الاسمين ديل كتير بجمعوهم مع بعض زي “يسوع المسيح” أو “المسيح يسوع” ، الاسماء ديل باكدوا انو ابن الله هو المسيا الجاء عشان ينقذ الناس من العقاب الابدي بسبب خطاياهم.
بطريقة معجزية ، الروح القدس تسبب بانو ابن الله الأبدي يتولد زي انسان. الملاك كلم امه يسمو “يسوع” لانو مجهز/معد عشان ينقذْ الناسِ مِنْ خطاياهم.
يسوع المسيح عمل معجزات كتيرة الكشفت أنو هو الله وأنو هو المسيح ، أو المسيا.

مقترحات الترجمة:

في لغات كتيرة الترجمو “يسوع” و “المسيح” بينطقو بطريقة البحفظ الأصوات أو بكتبو قريب للأصل لو ممكن. مثلا “Jesucristo” ، “Jezus كريستوس” ، “Yesus Christus” ، و “Hesukristo” دي بعض الطرق البترجمو بيها الأسماء ديل للغات كتيرة.
بالنسبة لكلمة “المسيح” بعض المترجمين ممكن يفضلوا عشان يستخدموا بس بعض شكل لكلمة المسيا طوالي.
كمان خت في الاعتبار كيف الأسماء ديل بكتبو بالغة المحلية أو الوطنية. =======

#يسوع , يسوع المسيح , المسيح يسوع

Jesus, Jesus Christ, Christ Jesus

#حقائق

Facts:

يسوع هو ابن الله. اسم “يسوع” يعني “يهوه يخلص”. كلمة “المسيح” هو عنوان البيعني “الممسوح” و ده كلمة تانية للمسيح. Jesus is God’s Son. The name “Jesus” means “Yahweh saves.” The term “Christ” is a title that means “anointed one” and is another word for Messiah.

الاسمين ديل كتير بجمعوهم مع بعض زي “يسوع المسيح” أو “المسيح يسوع” ، الاسماء ديل باكدوا انو ابن الله هو المسيا الجاء عشان ينقذ الناس من العقاب الابدي بسبب خطاياهم.

The two names are often combined as “Jesus Christ” or “Christ Jesus.” These names emphasize that God’s Son is the Messiah, who came to save people from being punished eternally for their sins.

بطريقة معجزية ، الروح القدس تسبب بانو ابن الله الأبدي يتولد زي انسان. الملاك كلم امه يسمو “يسوع” لانو مجهز/معد عشان ينقذْ الناسِ مِنْ خطاياهم.

In a miraculous way, the Holy Spirit caused the eternal Son of God to be born as a human being. His mother was told by an angel to call him “Jesus” because he was destined to save people from their sins.

يسوع المسيح عمل معجزات كتيرة الكشفت أنو هو الله وأنو هو المسيح ، أو المسيا.

Jesus did many miracles that revealed that he is God and that he is the Christ, or the Messiah.

مقترحات الترجمة

Translation Suggestions:

*في لغات كتيرة الترجمو “يسوع” و “المسيح” بينطقو بطريقة البحفظ الأصوات أو بكتبو قريب للأصل لو ممكن. مثلا “Jesucristo” ، “Jezus كريستوس” ، “Yesus Christus” ، و “Hesukristo” دي بعض الطرق البترجمو بيها الأسماء ديل للغات كتيرة.

In many languages “Jesus” and “Christ” are spelled in a way that keeps the sounds or spelling as close to the original as possible. For example, “Jesucristo,” “Jezus Christus,” “Yesus Kristus”, and “Hesukristo” are some of the ways that these names are translated into different languages.

*بالنسبة لكلمة “المسيح” بعض المترجمين ممكن يفضلوا عشان يستخدموا بس بعض شكل لكلمة المسيا طوالي.

For the term “Christ,” some translators may prefer to use only some form of the term “Messiah” throughout.
كمان خت في الاعتبار كيف الأسماء ديل بكتبو بالغة المحلية أو الوطنية.
Also consider how these names are spelled in a nearby local or national language.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

22:4 The angel said, “You will become pregnant and give birth to a son. You are to name him Jesus and he will be the Messiah.”
23:2 “Name him Jesus (which means, ‘Yahweh saves’), because he will save the people from their sins.”
24:7 So John baptized him (Jesus), even though Jesus had never sinned.
24:9 There is only one God. But John heard God the Father speak, and saw Jesus the Son and the Holy Spirit when he baptized Jesus.
25:8 Jesus did not give in to Satan’s temptations, so Satan left him.
26:8 Then Jesus went throughout the region of Galilee, and large crowds came to him. They brought many people who were sick or handicapped, including those who could not see, walk, hear, or speak, and Jesus healed them.
31:3 Then Jesus finished praying and went to the disciples. He walked on top of the water across the lake toward their boat!
38:2 He (Judas) knew that the Jewish leaders denied that Jesus was the Messiah and that they were plotting to kill him.
40:8 Through his death, Jesus opened a way for people to come to God.
42:11 Then Jesus was taken up to heaven, and a cloud hid him from their sight. Jesus sat down at the right hand of God to rule over all things.
50:17 Jesus and his people will live on the new earth, and he will reign forever over everything that exists. He will wipe away every tear and there will be no more suffering, sadness, crying, evil, pain, or death. Jesus will rule his kingdom with peace and justice, and he will be with his people forever.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2424, G5547

يعمد ،عمدوه ،معمودية

Key Terms :: يعمد ،عمدوه ،معمودية

التعريف:

في العهد الجديد ، عادةً كلمات “يعمد” و “المعمودية” تشير لطقوس استحمام المسيحي بالموية عشان يوري أنو اتطهر من الخطية واتحد مع المسيح.

مقترحات الترجمة:

المسيحيين عندهم اراء مختلفة عن كيف يعمدو الإنسان بالموية. ممكن يكون من الأفضل ترجمة الكلمة ده بطريقة عامة البسمح لطرق مختلفة لاستخدام الموية.
على حسب الحالة ،كلمة “يعمد” ممكن يترجمو زي “يطهر” ، "كب على " ، “غطس (أو يغطس) في” ، “اغسل”. مثلا ، “يعمدك بالموية” ممكن يترجمو زي “يغطسك في الموية”.
كلمة “معمودية” يمكن يترجمو زي “تطهير” ، “كب على” ، “غطس” ، “تطهير”.
خت في بالك كمان كيف الكلمة دي بترجمو في ترجمة الكتاب المقدس في اللغة المحلية أو الوطنية. =======

#يعمد ،عمدوه ،معمودية

baptize, baptized, baptism

التعريف

Definition:

في العهد الجديد ، عادةً كلمات “يعمد” و “المعمودية” تشير لطقوس استحمام المسيحي بالموية عشان يوري أنو اتطهر من الخطية واتحد مع المسيح. In the New Testament, the terms “baptize” and “baptism” usually refer to ritually bathing a Christian with water to show that he has been cleansed from sin and has been united with Christ.

#مقترحات الترجمة

Translation Suggestions:

المسيحيين عندهم اراء مختلفة عن كيف يعمدو الإنسان بالموية. ممكن يكون من الأفضل ترجمة الكلمة ده بطريقة عامة البسمح لطرق مختلفة لاستخدام الموية.
Christians have different views about how a person should be baptized with water. It is probably best to translate this term in a general way that allows for different ways of applying the water.
على حسب الحالة ،كلمة “يعمد” ممكن يترجمو زي “يطهر” ، "كب على " ، “غطس (أو يغطس) في” ، “اغسل”. مثلا ، “يعمدك بالموية” ممكن يترجمو زي “يغطسك في الموية”.
Depending on the context, the term “baptize” could be translated as “purify,” “pour out on,” “plunge (or dip) into,” “wash.” For example, “baptize you with water” could be translated as “plunge you into water.”
كلمة “معمودية” يمكن يترجمو زي “تطهير” ، “كب على” ، “غطس” ، “تطهير”.
The term “baptism” could be translated as “purification,” “a pouring out,” “a dipping,” “a cleansing.”
خت في بالك كمان كيف الكلمة دي بترجمو في ترجمة الكتاب المقدس في اللغة المحلية أو الوطنية.
Also consider how this term is translated in a Bible translation in a local or national language.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: John (the Baptist), repent, Holy Spirit)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

24:3 When people heard John’s message, many of them repented from their sins, and John baptized them. Many religious leaders also came to be baptized by John, but they did not repent or confess their sins.
24:6 The next day, Jesus came to be baptized by John.
24:7 John said to Jesus, “I am not worthy to baptize you. You should baptize me instead.”
42:10 “So go, make disciples of all people groups by baptizing them in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit and by teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you.”
43:11 Peter answered them, “Every one of you should repent and be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ so that God will forgive your sins.”
43:12 About 3,000 people believed what Peter said and became disciples of Jesus. They were baptized and became part of the church at Jerusalem.
45:11 As Philip and the Ethiopian traveled, they came to some water. The Ethiopian said, “Look! There is some water! May I be baptized?”
46:5 Saul immediately was able to see again, and Ananias baptized him.
49:14 Jesus invites you to believe in him and be baptized.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G907

يهود، يهودي

Key Terms :: يهود، يهودي

حقائق:

يهود هم شعب من نسل يعقوب حفيد إبراهيم. كلمة “يهود” جا من كلمة “يهوذا”.

بدا الناس يبادوا الإسرائيليين “يهود” بعد ما رجعوا ليهوذا من المنفى في بابل.
كان يسوع المسيح يهودي، لكن قادة اليهود الدينيين رفضوا يسوع وطالبوا بقتله.

(See also: Abraham, Jacob, Israel, Babylon, Jewish leaders)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

20:11 The Israelites were now called Jews and most of them had lived their whole lives in Babylon.
20:12 So, after seventy years in exile, a small group of Jews returned to the city of Jerusalem in Judah.
37:10 Many of the Jews believed in Jesus because of this miracle.
37:11 But the religious leaders of the Jews were jealous, so they gathered together to plan how they could kill Jesus and Lazarus.
40:2 Pilate commanded that they write, “King of the Jews” on a sign and put it on the cross above Jesus’ head.
46:6 Right away, Saul began preaching to the Jews in Damascus, saying, “Jesus is the Son of God!”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3054, H3061, H3062, H3064, H3066, G2450, G2451, G2452, G2453, G2454

يهوه

Key Terms :: يهوه

حقائق

كلمة “يهوه” ده اسم شخصي لله في العهد القديم . الاصل المحدد للاسم غير معروف ، لكن من المحتمل انو جاي من الفعل العبري البيعني “ان يكون”

تقليديا ترجمات الكتاب المقدس الكتيرة تستخدم كلمة رب دون تعريف او الرب عشان يمثل “يهوه” التقليد ده جاي من حقيقة تاريخية انو الشعب اليهودي بخاف من نطق اسم يهوه بطريقة خطاء و بدوا يقولوا “الرب” كلما ظهرت كلمة يهوه في النص .كتاب الكتاب المقدس الحديث بكتبوا كلمة "الرب " بحروف كبيرة ليظهروا احترام لاسم الرب عشان يمييزوه من اي رب ،ودي كلمة مختلفة بالعبرية
“النصوص اللاتينية” و “UST” دائماً بترجم كلمة يهوه “يهوه” ، باتفاق مع النص العبري للعهد القديم.
كلمة “يهوه” ما ظهر أبداً في النص الأصلي للعهد الجديد ؛ ويستخدم الكلمة اليوناني فقط لـ “الرب” ، حتى عند الاقتباس من العهد القديم.
في العهد القديم ، لمن اتكلم الله عن نفسه ، كان بستخدم اسمه في كثير من الأحيان بدلا من الضمير .

مقترحات ترجمة

يمكن ترجمة “يهوه” بكلمة أو عبارة تعني “أنا” أو “حي” أو “الذي هو” أو “الذي هو حي”.
الكلمة دي يمكن كمان يكتبوا بطريقة كيف ينطقوا يهوه .
بعض الطوائف الكنسية ما بتفضل استخدام كلمة “يهوه” وبدلا من ده استخدام التقديم التقليدي ،“الرب”. ومن المهم ان نضع في الاعتبار أنو ده ممكن يكون مربك عند قراءته بصوت عال لأنو بكون زي ده.-نفس لقب “الرب”. بعض اللغات ممكن يكون لها علامة نحوية أخرى ضافوها لتمييز “الرب” زي أسم “يهوه” من الرب كعنوان
من الأفضل لو أمكن نخلي اسم يهوه زي ما يحدث حرفيا في النص ، لكن بعض الترجمات ممكن تقرر استخدام ضمير فقط في بعض الأماكن ،عشان يخلو النص أكثر طبيعية ووضوح.
تقديم اقتباس مع شيء مثل ، “هذا ما يقوله يهوه”.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: God, Lord)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

9:14 God said, “I AM WHO I AM. Tell them, ‘I AM has sent me to you.’ Also tell them, ‘I am Yahweh, the God of your ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. This is my name forever.’”
13:4 Then God gave them the covenant and said, “I am Yahweh, your God, who saved you from slavery in Egypt. Do not worship other gods.”
13:5 “Do not make idols or worship them, for I, Yahweh, am a jealous God.”
16:1 The Israelites began to worship the Canaanite gods instead of Yahweh, the true God.
19:10 Then Elijah prayed, “O Yahweh, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, show us today that you are the God of Israel and that I am your servant.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3050, H3068, H3069

يوعد ،واعد

Key Terms :: يوعد ،واعد

تعريف

كلمة "وعد"لمن يستخدم كفعل, بوري عمل الانسان البقول انا حأعمل حاجة. بالطريقة يلزم بيه نفسه بالكلام القالو. “وعد” لمن يستخدم كأسم , بوري الحاجة الشخص الزم نفسه عشان يعملو.

الكتاب المقدس سجل وعود كتيرة العملو االله مع الناس .
الوعود هو جزو مهم من الأتفاقيات الرسمية زي العهود .

مقترحات الترجمة

كلمة “وعد” يمكن يترجم “بالألتزام” او “تاكيد” او “ضمان”.
“توعد تعمل حاجة” يمكن يترجم زي “تأكد لأنسان انك بتعمل الحاجة” او “تلتزم بأنك حتعمل الحاجة” .

(See also: covenant, oath, vow)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

3:15 God said, “I promise I will never again curse the ground because of the evil things people do, or destroy the world by causing a flood, even though people are sinful from the time they are children.”Â�
3:16 God then made the first rainbow as a sign of his promise. Every time the rainbow appeared in the sky, God would remember what he promised and so would his people.
4:8 God spoke to Abram and promised again that he would have a son and as many descendants as the stars in the sky. Abram believed God’s promise.
5:4 “Your wife, Sarai, will have a son—he will be the son of promise.”
8:15 The covenant promises that God gave to Abraham were passed on to Isaac, then to Jacob, and then to Jacob’s twelve sons and their families.
17:14 Though David had been unfaithful to God, God was still faithful to his promises.
50:1 Jesus promised he would return at the end of the world. Though he has not yet come back, he will keep his promise.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H559, H562, H1696, H8569, G1843, G1860, G1861, G1862, G3670, G4279

Names

Abel

Names :: Abel

Facts:

Abel was Adam and Eve’s second son. He was Cain’s younger brother.

Abel was a shepherd.
Abel sacrificed some of his animals as an offering to God.
God was pleased with Abel and his offerings.
Adam and Eve’s firstborn son Cain murdered Abel.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Cain, sacrifice, shepherd)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1893, G6

Abiathar

Names :: Abiathar

Definition:

Abiathar was a high priest for the nation of Israel during the time of King David.

When King Saul killed the priests, Abiathar escaped and went to David in the wilderness.
Abiathar and another high priest named Zadok served David faithfully throughout his reign.
After David’s death, Abiathar helped Adonijah try to become king instead of Solomon.
Because of this, King Solomon removed Abiathar from the priesthood.

(See also: Zadok, Saul (OT), David, Solomon, Adonijah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H54, G8

Abijah

Names :: Abijah

Facts:

Abijah was a king of Judah who reigned from 915 to 913 B.C. He was a son of King Rehoboam. There were also several other men named Abijah in the Old Testament:

Samuel’s sons Abijah and Joel were leaders over the people of Israel at Beersheba. Because Abijah and his brother were dishonest and greedy, the people asked Samuel to appoint a king to rule them instead.
Abijah was one of the temple priests during the time of King David.
Abijah was one of King Jeroboam’s sons.
Abijah was also a chief priest who returned with Zerubbabel to Jerusalem from the Babylonian captivity.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H29, G7

Abimelech

Names :: Abimelech

Facts:

Abimelech was a Philistine king over the region of Gerar during the time when Abraham and Isaac were living in the land of Canaan.

Abraham deceived King Abimelech by telling him that Sarah was his sister rather than his wife.
Abraham and Abimelech made an agreement regarding ownership of wells at Beersheba.
Many years later, Isaac also deceived Abimelech and the other men of Gerar by saying that Rebekah was his sister, not his wife.
King Abimelech rebuked Abraham, and later Isaac, for lying to him.
Another man by the name of Abimelech was a son of Gideon and a brother of Jotham. Some translations may use a slightly different spelling of his name to make it clear that he is a different person from King Abimelech.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Beersheba, Gerar, Gideon, Jotham, Philistines)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H40

Abner

Names :: Abner

Definition:

Abner was a cousin of King Saul in the Old Testament.

Abner was the chief commander of Saul’s army, and introduced young David to Saul after David killed Goliath the giant.
After King Saul’s death, Abner appointed Saul’s son Ishbosheth as king in Israel, while David was appointed king in Judah.
Later, Abner was treacherously killed by David’s chief commander, Joab.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H74

Absalom

Names :: Absalom

Facts:

Absalom was the third son of King David. He was known for his handsome appearance and fiery temperament.

When Absalom’s sister Tamar was raped by their half-brother, Amnon, Absalom made a plan to have Amnon killed.
After the murder of Amnon, Absalom fled to the region of Geshur (where his mother Maacah was from) and stayed there three years. Then King David sent for him to come back to Jerusalem, but did not allow Absalom to come into his presence for two years.
Absalom turned some of the people against King David and led a revolt against him.
David’s army fought against Absalom and killed him. David was very grieved when this happened.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Geshur, Amnon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H53

Adonijah

Names :: Adonijah

Definition:

Adonijah was the fourth son of King David.

Adonijah tried to take over as king of Israel after the deaths of his brothers Absalom and Amnon.
God, however, had promised that David’s son Solomon would be king., so Adonijah’s plot was overthrown and Solomon was made king.
When Adonijah tried a second time to make himself king, Solomon put him to death.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: David, Solomon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H138

Ahasuerus

Names :: Ahasuerus

Facts:

Ahasuerus was a king who ruled over the ancient kingdom of Persia for twenty years.

This was during the time the exiled Jews were living in Babylonia, which had come under Persian rule.
Another name for this king may have been Xerxes.
After sending away his queen in a fit of anger, King Ahasuerus later chose a Jewish woman named Esther to be his new wife and queen.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, Esther, Ethiopia, exile, Persia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H325

Ahaz

Names :: Ahaz

Definition:

Ahaz was a wicked king who ruled over the kingdom of Judah from 732 BC to 716 BC. This was about 140 years before the time when many people in Israel and Judah were taken as captives to Babylonia.

While he was ruling Judah, Ahaz had an altar built for worshiping the false gods of the Assyrians, which caused the people to turn away from the one true God, Yahweh.
King Ahaz was 20 years old when he started to rule over Judah, and he ruled for 16 years.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Babylon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H271

Ahaziah

Names :: Ahaziah

Facts:

Ahaziah was the name of two kings: one ruled over the kingdom of Israel, and the other ruled over the kingdom of Judah.

Judah’s King Ahaziah was the son of King Jehoram. He reigned for one year (841 B.C.) and then was killed by Jehu. Ahaziah’s young son Joash eventually took his place as king.
Israel’s King Ahaziah was the son of King Ahab. He reigned for two years (850-49 B.C.). He died from injuries suffered in a fall at his palace, and his brother Joram became king.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Jehu, Ahab, Jeroboam, Joash)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H274

Ahijah

Names :: Ahijah

Facts:

Ahijah was the name of several different men in the Old Testament. The following are some of these men:

Ahijah was the name of a priest in the time of Saul.
A man named Ahijah was a secretary during the reign of King Solomon.
Ahijah was the name of a prophet from Shiloh who predicted that the nation of Israel would be divided into two kingdoms.
The father of King Baasha of Israel was also named Ahijah.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Baasha, Shiloh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H281

Ai

Names :: Ai

Facts:

In Old Testament times, Ai was the name of a Canaanite town located just south of Bethel and about 8 km northwest of Jericho.

After defeating Jericho, Joshua led the Israelites in an attack of Ai. But they were easily defeated because God was not pleased with them.
An Israelite named Achan had stolen plunder from Jericho, and God ordered that he and his family be killed. Then God helped the Israelites defeat the people of Ai.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Bethel, Jericho)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5857

Amalek, Amalekite

Names :: Amalek, Amalekite

Facts:

The Amalekites were a nomadic people group who lived throughout the southern part of Canaan, from the Negev desert to the country of Arabia. This people group was descended from Amalek, the grandson of Esau.

The Amalekites were bitter enemies of Israel from the time when Israel first came to live in Canaan.
Sometimes the term “Amalek” is used figuratively to refer to all the Amalekites. (See: synecdoche
In one battle against the Amalekites, when Moses held up his hands, the Israelites were winning. When he got tired and his hands came down, they started losing. So Aaron and Hur helped Moses keep his hands up until the Israelite army had defeated the Amalekites.
Both King Saul and King David led military expeditions against the Amalekites.
After one victory over the Amalekites, Saul disobeyed God by keeping some of the plunder and by not killing the Amalekite king as God had commanded him to do.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Arabia, David, Esau, Negev, Saul (OT))

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6002, H6003

Amaziah

Names :: Amaziah

Facts:

Amaziah became king over the kingdom of Judah when his father, King Joash, was murdered.

King Amaziah reigned over Judah for twenty-nine years, from 796 BC to 767 BC.
He was a good king, but he did not destroy the high places where idols were worshiped.
Amaziah eventually put to death all the men who were responsible for the murder of his father.
He defeated the rebellious Edomites and brought them back under the control of the Kingdom of Judah.
He challenged King Jehoash of Israel to a battle, but lost. Part of the walls of Jerusalem were broken down and the silver and gold vessels of the temple were stolen.
Years later King Amaziah turned away from Yahweh and certain men in Jerusalem plotted together and killed him.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Joash, Edom)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H558

Ammon, Ammonite

Names :: Ammon, Ammonite

Facts:

The “people of Ammon” or the “Ammonites” were a people group that lived on the east side of the Jordan River across from the Israelites.

The book of Genesis reports that the Ammonite nation was descended from Ben-ammi, who was the son of Lot by his younger daughter.
The term “Ammonitess” refers specifically to a female Ammonite. This could also be translated as “Ammonite woman.”
At one point, the Ammonites hired a prophet named Balaam to curse Israel, but God did not allow him to do it.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: curse, Jordan River, Lot)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5983, H5984, H5985

Amnon

Names :: Amnon

Facts:

Amnon was the oldest son of King David. His mother was King David’s wife Ahinoam.

Amnon raped his half-sister Tamar, who was also Absalom’s sister.
Because of this, Absalom plotted against Amnon and had him killed.

(See also: David, Absalom)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H550

Amos

Names :: Amos

Facts:

Amos was an Israelite prophet who lived during the time of King Uzziah of Judah.

Before being called as a prophet, Amos was originally a shepherd and fig farmer living in the kingdom of Judah.
Amos prophesied against the prosperous northern kingdom of Israel regarding their unjust treatment of people.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: fig, Judah, kingdom of Israel, shepherd, Uzziah)

Bible References:

Amos 1:1

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5986

Amoz

Names :: Amoz

Facts:

Amoz was the father of the prophet Isaiah.

The only times he is mentioned in the Bible are when Isaiah is identified as the “son of Amoz.”
This name is different from the name of the prophet Amos and should be spelled differently.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Amos, Isaiah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H531

Andrew

Names :: Andrew

Facts:

Andrew was one of twelve men whom Jesus chose to be his closest disciples (later called apostles).

Andrew’s brother was Simon Peter. Both of them were fishermen.
Peter and Andrew were fishing in the Sea of Galilee when Jesus called them to be his disciples.
Before Peter and Andrew met Jesus, they had been disciples of John the Baptizer.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: apostle, disciple, the twelve)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G406

Annas

Names :: Annas

Facts:

Annas was the Jewish high priest in Jerusalem for 10 years, from approximately AD 6 to AD 15. Then he was removed from the high priesthood by the Roman government, although he continued to be an influential leader among the Jews.

Annas was father-in-law to Caiaphas, the official high priest during the ministry of Jesus.
When Jesus was being arrested, Annas’s son-in-law Caiaphas was the official high priest. Annas is also mentioned as a high priest, however, because he was a former high priest who still had power and authority over the people.
During his trial before the Jewish leaders, Jesus was first brought to Annas for questioning.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: high priest, priest)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G452

Antioch

Names :: Antioch

Facts:

Antioch was the name of two cities in the New Testament. One was in Syria, near the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. The other was in the Roman province of Pisidia, near the city of Colossae.

The local church at Antioch of Syria was the first place where believers in Jesus were called “Christians.” The church there was also active in sending out missionaries to reach the Gentiles.
The leaders of the church in Jerusalem sent a letter to the believers in the church at Antioch in Syria to help them know they didn’t have to keep the Jewish laws in order to be Christians.
Paul, Barnabas and John Mark traveled to the Antioch in Pisidia to share the gospel. Some Jews from other cities came there to stir up trouble, and they tried to kill Paul. But many other people, both Jews and Gentiles, listened to the teaching and believed in Jesus.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also:Barnabas, Colossae, John Mark, Paul, province, Rome, Syria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G491

Apollos

Names :: Apollos

Facts:

Apollos was a Jew from the city of Alexandria in Egypt who had a special ability in teaching people about Jesus.

Apollos was well educated in the Hebrew Scriptures and was a gifted speaker.
He was instructed by two Christians in Ephesus named Aquila and Priscilla.
Paul emphasized that he and Apollos, as well as other evangelists and teachers, were working toward the same goal of helping people to believe in Jesus.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Aquila, Ephesus, Priscilla, word of God)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G625

Aquila

Names :: Aquila

Facts:

Aquila was a Jewish Christian from the province of Pontus, a region along the southern coast of the Black Sea.

Aquila and Priscilla lived in Rome, Italy, for a time, but then the Roman emperor, Claudius, forced all Jews to leave Rome.
After that Aquila and Priscilla traveled to Corinth, where they met the apostle Paul.
They worked as tentmakers with Paul and also helped him with his missionary work.
Both Aquila and Priscilla taught believers the truth about Jesus; one of those believers was a gifted teacher named Apollos.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Apollos, Corinth, Rome)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G207

Arabah

Names :: Arabah

Facts:

The Old Testament term “Arabah” often refers to a very large desert and plains region that includes the valley surrounding the Jordan River and extends south to the northern tip of the Red Sea.

The Israelites traveled through this desert region on their journey from Egypt to the land of Canaan.
The “Sea of the Arabah” could also be translated as “sea located in the Arabah desert region.” This sea is often referred to as the “Salt Sea” or the “Dead Sea.”
The term “arabah” can also be a general reference to any desert region.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: desert, Sea of Reeds, Jordan River, Canaan, Salt Sea, Egypt)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1026, H6160

Arabia, Arabian

Names :: Arabia, Arabian

Facts:

Arabia is the largest peninsula in the world, covering nearly 3,000,000 square kilometers. It is located southeast of Israel, and is bordered by the Red Sea, the Arabian Sea, and the Persian Gulf.

The term “Arabian” is used to refer to someone who lives in Arabia or to something that is connected with Arabia.
The earliest people to live in Arabia were grandchildren of Shem. Other early inhabitants of Arabia included Abraham’s son Ishmael and his descendants, as well as descendants of Esau.
The desert region where the Israelites wandered for 40 years was located in Arabia.
After becoming a believer in Jesus, the apostle Paul spent a few years in the desert of Arabia.
In his letter to the Christians in Galatia, Paul mentioned that Mt. Sinai was located in Arabia.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Esau, Galatia, Ishmael, Shem, Sinai)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6152, H6153, H6163, G688, G690

Aram, Aramean, Aramaic, Aram of Damascus

Names :: Aram, Aramean, Aramaic, Aram of Damascus

Definition:

“Aram” was the name of two men in the Old Testament. It was also the name of a region northeast of Canaan, where modern-day Syria is located.

The people living in Aram became known as “Arameans” and spoke “Aramaic.” Jesus and other Jews of his time also spoke Aramaic.
One of Shem’s sons was named Aram. Another man named Aram was a cousin of Rebekah. It is probable that the region of Aram was named after one of these two men.
Aram later became known by the Greek name “Syria.”
The term “Paddan Aram” means “plain of Aram” and this plain was located in the northern part of Aram.
Some of Abraham’s relatives lived in the city of Haran, which was located in “Paddan Aram.”
In the Old Testament, sometimes the terms “Aram” and “Paddan Aram” refer to the same region.
The term “Aram Naharaim” may mean “Aram of Two Rivers.” This region was located in the northern part of Mesopotamia and was to the east of “Paddan Aram.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Mesopotamia, Paddan Aram, Rebekah, Shem, Syria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H130, H726, H758, H761, H762, H763, H1834, H7421

Ararat

Names :: Ararat

Facts:

In the Bible, “Ararat” is the name given to a land, a kingdom, and a mountain range.

The “land of Ararat” was probably located in what is now the northeastern part of the country of Turkey.
Ararat is best known as the name of the mountain that Noah’s ark came to rest on after the waters of the great flood began to recede.
In modern times, a mountain called “Mount Ararat” is often thought to be the location of the “mountains of Ararat” in the Bible.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: ark, Noah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H780

Artaxerxes

Names :: Artaxerxes

Facts:

Artaxerxes was a king who reigned over the Persian empire from about 464 to 424 BC.

During Artaxerxes’ reign, the Israelites from Judah were in exile in Babylon, which was under the control of Persia at that time.
Artaxerxes allowed Ezra the priest and other Jewish leaders to leave Babylon and go back to Jerusalem to teach the Israelites the Law of God.
Later during this time, Artaxerxes also allowed his cupbearer Nehemiah to return to Jerusalem to lead the Jews in rebuilding the walls surrounding the city.
Because Babylon was under the rule of Persia, Artaxerxes was sometimes called the “king of Babylon.”
Note that Artaxerxers is not the same person as Xerxes (Ahasuerus).

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahasuerus, Babylon, cupbearer, Ezra, Nehemiah, Persia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H783

Asa

Names :: Asa

Facts:

Asa was a king who ruled over the kingdom of Judah for forty years, from 913 B.C. to 873 B.c.

King Asa was a good king who removed many idols of false gods and caused the Israelites to start worshiping Yahweh again.
Yahweh gave King Asa success in his warfare against other nations.
Later in his reign, however, King Asa stopped trusting Yahweh and became sick with a disease that eventually killed him.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H609

Asaph

Names :: Asaph

Facts:

Asaph was a Levite priest and gifted musician who composed the music for the psalms of King David. He also wrote his own psalms.

Asaph was appointed by King David to be one of three musicians who were responsible for providing songs for worship in the temple. Some of these songs were also prophecies.
Asaph trained his sons and they carried on this responsibility, playing musical instruments and prophesying in the temple.
Some of the musical instruments included the lute, harp, trumpet, and cymbals.
Psalms 50 and 73-83 are said to be from Asaph. It may be that some of these psalms were written by his family members.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: descendant, harp, lute, prophet, psalm, trumpet)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H623

Ashdod, Azotus

Names :: Ashdod, Azotus

Facts:

Ashdod was one of the five most important cities of the Philistines. It was located in southwestern Canaan near the Mediterranean Sea, halfway between the cities of Gaza and Joppa.

The temple of the Philistine’s false god Dagon was located in Ashdod.
God severely punished the people of Ashdod when the Philistines stole the ark of the covenant and put it in the pagan temple at Ashdod.
The Greek name for this city was Azotus. It was one of the cities where the evangelist Philip preached the gospel.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ekron, Gath, Gaza, Joppa, Philip, Philistines)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H795, G108

Asher

Names :: Asher

Facts:

Asher was Jacob’s eighth son. He was Zilpah’s second son. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

The tribe descended from him was known as the “tribe of Asher” or “Asher.”
His name sounds similar to a Hebrew word meaning “blessed, happy.”
The tribe of Asher settled in the northwest corner of Canaan, on the Mediterannian Sea. When used as the name of a region of land, the term “Asher” refers to the land given to the tribe of Asher.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: twelve tribes of Israel, Jacob, Zilpah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H836

Asherah, Asherah pole, Ashtoreth

Names :: Asherah, Asherah pole, Ashtoreth

Definition:

Asherah was the name of a goddess that was worshiped by Canaanite people groups during Old Testament times. “Ashtoreth” may be another name for “Asherah,” or it could be the name of a different goddess that was very similar.

The term “Asherah poles” refers to carved wooden images or carved trees that were made to represent this goddess.
Asherah poles were often set up near altars of the false god Baal, who was thought of as Asherah’s husband. Some people groups worshiped Baal as the sun god and Asherah or Ashtoreth as the moon goddess.
God commanded the Israelites to destroy all the carved images of Asherah.
Some Israelite leaders such as Gideon, King Asa, and King Josiah obeyed God and led the people in destroying these idols.
But other Israelite leaders such as King Solomon, King Manasseh, and King Ahab did not get rid of the Asherah poles and influenced the people to worship these idols.

(See also: false god, Baal, Gideon, image, Solomon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H842, H6252, H6253

Ashkelon

Names :: Ashkelon

Facts:

In Bible times, Ashkelon was a major Philistine city located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It still exists in Israel today.

Ashkelon was one of the five most important Philistine cities, along with Ashdod, Ekron, Gath, and Gaza.
The Israelites did not completely conquer the people of Ashkelon, even though the kingdom of Judah occupied its hill country.
Ashkelon remained occupied by the Philistines for hundreds of years.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ashdod, Canaan, Ekron, Gath, Gaza, Philistines, Mediterranean)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H831

Asia

Names :: Asia

Facts:

In Bible times, “Asia” was the name of a province of the Roman Empire. It was located in the western part of what is now the country of Turkey.

Paul traveled to Asia and shared the gospel in several cities there. Among these were the cities of Ephesus and Colossae.
To avoid confusion with modern day Asia, it may be necessary to translate this as, “the ancient Roman province called Asia” or “Asia Province.”
All of the churches referenced in Revelation were in the Roman province of Asia.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Rome, Paul, Ephesus)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G773

Athaliah

Names :: Athaliah

Facts:

Athaliah was the evil wife of Jehoram king of Judah. She was the granddaughter of the evil King Omri of Israel.

Athaliah’s son Ahaziah became king after Jehoram died.
When her son Ahaziah died, Athaliah made a plan to kill all the rest of the king’s family.
But Athaliah’s young grandson Joash was hidden by his aunt and saved from being killed. After Athaliah had ruled the land for six years, she was killed and Joash became king.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ahaziah, Jehoram, Joash, Omri)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6271

Azariah

Names :: Azariah

Facts:

Azariah was the name of several men in the Old Testament.

One Azariah is best known by his Babylonian name, Abednego. He was one of many Israelites from Judah who were captured by Nebuchadnezzar’s army and taken to live in Babylon. Azariah and his fellow Israelites Hananiah and Mishael refused to worship the Babylonian king, so he had them thrown into a blazing furnace as punishment. But God protected them and they were not harmed at all.
Uzziah king of Judah was also known as “Azariah.”
Another Azariah was an Old Testament high priest.
In the time of the prophet Jeremiah, a man named Azariah wrongly urged the Israelites to disobey God by leaving their homeland.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, Jeremiah, Uzziah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5838

Baasha

Names :: Baasha

Facts:

Baasha was one of Israel’s evil kings, who influenced the Israelites to worship idols.

Baasha was the third king of Israel and reigned for twenty-four years, during the time when Asa was king of Judah.
He was a military commander who became king by killing the previous king, Nadab.
During Baasha’s reign there were many wars between the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, especially with King Asa of Judah.
Baasha’s many sins caused God to eventually remove him from office by his death.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Asa, false god)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1201

Babel

Names :: Babel

Facts:

Babel was a chief city in a region called Shinar in the southern part of Mesopotamia. Shinar was later called Babylonia.

The city of Babel was founded by Ham’s great-grandson, Nimrod, who ruled the region of Shinar.
The people of Shinar became proud and decided to build a tower high enough to reach heaven. This later became known as the “Tower of Babel.”
Because the people building the tower refused to spread out as God had commanded, he confused their languages so that they could not understand one another. This forced them to move away to live in many different places across the earth.
The root meaning of the word for “Babel” is “confusion,” named for when God confused the people’s language.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, Ham, Mesopotamia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H894

Balaam

Names :: Balaam

Facts:

Balaam was a pagan prophet whom King Balek hired to curse Israel while they were camped at the Jordan River in northern Moab, preparing to enter the land of Canaan.

Balaam was from the city of Pethor, which was located in the region around the Euphrates River, about 400 miles away from the land of Moab.
The Midianite king, Balek, was afraid of the strength and numbers of the Israelites, so he hired Balaam to curse them.
As Balaam was traveling toward Israel, an angel of God stood in his path so that Balaam’s donkey stopped. God also gave the donkey the ability to speak to Balaam.
God did not allow Balaam to curse the Israelites and commanded him to bless them instead.
Later however, Balaam still brought evil on the Israelites when he influenced them to worship the false god Baal-peor.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: bless, Canaan, curse, donkey, Euphrates River, Jordan River, Midian, Moab, Peor)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1109, G903

Barabbas

Names :: Barabbas

Facts:

Barabbas was a prisoner in Jerusalem at the time when Jesus was arrested.

Barabbas was a criminal who had committed crimes of murder and rebellion against the Roman government.
When Pontius Pilate offered to either release Barabbas or Jesus, the people chose Barabbas.
So Pilate allowed Barabbas to go free, but condemned Jesus to be killed.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Pilate, Rome)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G912

Bartholomew

Names :: Bartholomew

Facts:

Bartholomew was one of Jesus’ twelve apostles.

Along with the other apostles, Bartholomew was sent out to preach the gospel and do miracles in Jesus’ name.
He was also one of those who saw Jesus return to heaven.
A few weeks after that, he was with the other apostles in Jerusalem at Pentecost when the Holy Spirit came upon them.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G918

Baruch

Names :: Baruch

Facts:

Baruch is the name of several men in the Old Testament.

One Baruch (son of Zabbal) worked with Nehemiah to repair the walls of Jerusalem.
Also during the time of Nehemiah, another Baruch (son of Kol-Hozeh) was one of the leaders who settled in Jerusalem after its walls were restored.
A different Baruch (son of Neriah) was an assistant to the prophet Jeremiah, who helped him with various practical tasks such as writing down the messages God gave to Jeremiah and then reading them to the people.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: disciple, Jeremiah, Jerusalem, Nehemiah, prophet)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1263

Bashan

Names :: Bashan

Facts:

Bashan was a region of land east of the Sea of Galilee. It covered an area that is now part of Syria and the Golan Heights.

An Old Testament city of refuge called “Golan” was located in the region of Bashan.
Bashan was a very fertile region known for its oak trees and pasturing animals.
Genesis 14 records that Bashan was the site of a war between several kings and their nations.
During Israel’s wanderings in the desert after their escape from Egypt, they took possession of part of the region of Bashan.
Years later, King Solomon obtained supplies from that region.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Egypt, oak, Sea of Galilee, Syria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1316

Beelzebul

Names :: Beelzebul

Facts:

Beelzebul is another name for Satan, or the devil. It is also sometimes spelled, “Beelzebub.”

This name literally means “lord of flies” which means “ruler over demons.” But it is best to translate this term close to the original spelling rather than translate the meaning.
It could also be translated as “Beelzebul the devil” to make it clear who is being referred to.
This name is related to the name of the false god “Baal-zebub” of Ekron.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: demon, Ekron, Satan)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G954

Beersheba

Names :: Beersheba

Facts:

In Old Testament times, Beersheba was a city located about 45 miles southwest of Jerusalem in a desert area that is now called the Negev.

The desert surrounding Beersheba was the wilderness area where Hagar and Ishmael wandered after Abraham sent them away from his tents.
The name of this city means “well of the oath.” It was given this name when Abraham swore an oath to not punish King Abimelech’s men for seizing control of one of Abraham’s wells.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abimelech, Abraham, Hagar, Ishmael, Jerusalem, oath)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H884

Benaiah

Names :: Benaiah

Definition:

Benaiah was the name of several men in the Old Testament.

Benaiah son of Jehoiada was one of David’s mighty men. He was a skilled warrior and was put in charge of David’s bodyguards.
When Solomon was being made king, Benaiah helped him overthrow his enemies. He eventually became commander of the Israelite army.
Other men in the Old Testament named Benaiah include three Levites: a priest, a musician, and a descendant of Asaph.

(See also: Asaph, Jehoiada, Levite, Solomon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1141

Benjamin, Benjaminite

Names :: Benjamin, Benjaminite

Facts:

Benjamin was Jacob’s twelfth son. He was Rachel’s second son. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

The tribe descended from him was known as the “tribe of Benjamin” or “Benjamin” or the “Benjaminites.”
In Hebrew, the name Benjamin means “son of my right hand.”
The tribe of Benjamin settled just northwest of the Dead Sea, north of Jerusalem.
King Saul was from the tribe of Benjamin.
The apostle Paul was from the tribe of Benjamin.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: twelve tribes of Israel, Jacob, Rachel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1144, G958

Berea

Names :: Berea

Facts:

In New Testament times, Berea (or Beroea) was a prosperous Greek city in southeast Macedonia, about 80 kilometers south of Thessalonica.

Paul and Silas fled to the city of Berea after their fellow Christians helped them escape from certain Jews who had caused trouble for them in Thessalonica.
When the people living in Berea heard Paul preach, they researched the Scriptures to confirm that what he was telling them was true.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Macedonia, Paul, Silas, Thessalonica)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G960

Beth Shemesh

Names :: Beth Shemesh

Facts:

Beth Shemesh was the name of a Canaanite city approximately 30 kilometers west of Jerusalem.

The Israelites captured Beth Shemesh during the time of Joshua’s leadership.
Beth Shemesh was a city that was set aside as a place for the Levite priests to live.
When the Philistines were taking the captured ark of the covenant back to Jerusalem, Beth Shemesh was the first city where they stopped with it.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1053

Bethany

Names :: Bethany

Facts:

The town of Bethany was located at the base of the eastern slope of the Mount of Olives, about 2 miles east of Jerusalem.

Bethany was near the road that ran between Jerusalem and Jericho.
Jesus often visited Bethany where his close friends Lazarus, Martha, and Mary lived.
Bethany is especially known as the place where Jesus raised Lazarus from the dead.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G963

Bethel

Names :: Bethel

Facts:

Bethel was a city located just north of Jerusalem in the land of Canaan. It was formerly called “Luz.”

After receiving God’s promises for the first time, Abram (Abraham) built an altar to God near Bethel. The actual name of the city was not yet Bethel at that time, but it was usually referred to as “Bethel,” which was better known.
When fleeing from his brother Esau, Jacob stayed overnight near this city and slept outdoors on the ground there. While he was sleeping, he had a dream showing angels going up and down a ladder to heaven.
This city did not have the name “Bethel” until after Jacob named it that. To make this clear, some translations may translate it as “Luz (later called Bethel)” in the passages about Abraham, as well as when Jacob first arrives there (before he changed the name).
Bethel is mentioned often in the Old Testament and was a place where many important events happened.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, altar, Jacob, Jerusalem)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1008

Bethuel

Names :: Bethuel

Facts:

Bethuel was the son of Abraham’s brother Nahor.

Bethuel was the father of Rebekah and Laban.
There was also a town called Bethuel, which may have been located in southern Judah, not far from the town of Beersheba.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Beersheba, Laban, Nahor, Rebekah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1328

Bilhah

Names :: Bilhah

Facts:

Bilhah was one of Jacob’s wives. She gave birth to Dan and Naphtali, two sons of Jacob whose descendants became tribes of Israel.

Laban gave Bilhah to Rachel as a servant when Rachel married Jacob.
Because Rachel was not having children, she gave Bilhah to Jacob as a wife in order to produce children for her.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Jacob, Rachel, Dan, Naphtali)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1090

Boaz

Names :: Boaz

Facts:

Boaz was an Israelite man who lived during the time when there were judges ruled Israel. He married a Moabite woman named Ruth and became both the great grandfather of King David and an ancestor of Jesus Christ.

He was a relative of an Israelite woman named Naomi who had returned to Israel after her husband and sons died in Moab.
Boaz “redeemed” Naomi’s widowed daughter-in-law Ruth by marrying her and giving her a future with a husband and children.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Moab, redeem, Ruth)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1162

Caesar

Names :: Caesar

Facts:

The term “Caesar” was the name or title used by many of the rulers of the Roman Empire. In the Bible, this name refers to three different Roman rulers.

The first Roman ruler named Caesar was “Caesar Augustus,” who was ruling during the time that Jesus was born.
About thirty years later, at the time when John the Baptist was preaching, Tiberius Caesar was the ruler of the Roman Empire.
Tiberius Caesar was still ruling Rome when Jesus told the people to pay Caesar what was due him and to give to God what is due him.
When Paul appealed to Caesar, this referred to the Roman emperor, Nero, who also had the title “Caesar.”
When “Caesar” is used by itself as a title, it can also be translated as: “the Emperor” or “the Roman Ruler.”
In names such as Caesar Augustus or Tiberius Caesar, “Caesar” can be spelled close to the way a national language spells it.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: king, Paul, Rome)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2541

Caesarea, Caesarea Philippi

Names :: Caesarea, Caesarea Philippi

Facts:

Caesarea was an important city on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, about 39 km south of Mount Carmel. Caesarea Philippi was a city located in the northeastern part of Israel, near Mount Hermon.

These cities were named for the Caesars who ruled the Roman empire.
The coastal Caesarea became the capital city of the Roman province of Judea around the time of the birth of Jesus.
The apostle Peter first preached to the Gentiles in Caesarea.
Paul sailed from Caesarea to Tarsus and also passed through this city on two of his missionary journeys.
Jesus and his disciples traveled in the region surrounding Caesarea Philippi in Syria. Both cities were named after Herod Philip.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Caesar, Gentile, the sea, Carmel, Mount Hermon, Rome, Tarsus)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2542, G5376

Caiaphas

Names :: Caiaphas

Facts:

Caiaphas was the high priest of Israel during the time of John the Baptist and Jesus.

Caiaphas played a major role in the trial and condemnation of Jesus.
The high priests Annas and Caiaphas were at the trial of Peter and John when they were arrested after healing a crippled man.
Caiaphas is the one who said that it was better for one man to die for the whole nation than for the whole nation to perish. God caused him to say this as a prophecy about how Jesus would die to save his people.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Annas, high priest)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2533

Cain

Names :: Cain

Facts:

Cain and his younger brother Abel were the first sons of Adam and Eve mentioned in the Bible.

Cain was a farmer who produced food crops while Abel was a sheep herder.
Cain killed his brother Abel in a fit of jealousy because God had accepted Abel’s sacrifice but had not accepted Cain’s sacrifice.
As punishment, God sent him away from Eden and told him that the land would no longer yield crops for him.
God put a mark on Cain’s forehead as a sign that God would protect him from being killed by other people as he wandered.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Adam, sacrifice)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7014, G2535

Cana

Names :: Cana

Definition:

Cana was a village or town in the province of Galilee, located about nine miles north of Nazareth.

Cana was the hometown of Nathanael, one of the Twelve.
Jesus attended a wedding feast in Cana and performed his first miracle there when he turned water into wine.
Some time after that, Jesus came back to Cana and met an official there from Capernaum who requested healing for his son.

(See also: Capernaum, Galilee, the twelve)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2580

Capernaum

Names :: Capernaum

Facts:

Capernaum was a fishing village on the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee.

Jesus lived in Capernaum whenever he was teaching in Galilee.
Several of his disciples were from Capernaum.
Jesus also did many miracles in this city, including bringing a dead girl back to life.
Capernaum was one of three cities that Jesus publicly rebuked because their people rejected him and did not believe his message. He warned them that God would punish them for their unbelief.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Galilee, Sea of Galilee)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2584

Carmel, Mount Carmel

Names :: Carmel, Mount Carmel

Facts:

“Mount Carmel” refers to a mountain range that was located along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea just north of the Plain of Sharon. Its highest peak is 546 meters high.

There was also a town called “Carmel” located in Judah, south of the Salt Sea.
The wealthy landowner Nabal and his wife Abigail lived near the town of Carmel where David and his men helped guard Nabal’s sheep shearers.
On Mount Carmel, Elijah challenged the prophets of Baal to a contest in order to prove that Yahweh is the only true God.
To make it clear that this wasn’t just a single mountain, “Mount Carmel” could be translated as “mountain on the Carmel mountain range” or “Carmel mountain range.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Baal, Elijah, Judah, Salt Sea)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3760, H3761, H3762

Chaldea, Chaldean

Names :: Chaldea, Chaldean

Facts:

Chaldea was a region in the southern part of Mesopotamia or Babylonia. The people who lived in this region were called Chaldeans.

The city of Ur, where Abraham was from, was located in Chaldea. It is often referred to as “Ur of the Chaldeans.”
King Nebuchadnezzar was one of several Chaldeans who became kings over Babylonia.
After many years, around 600 BC, the term “Chaldean” came to mean “Babylonian.”
In the book of Daniel, the term “Chaldean” also refers to a special class of men who were highly educated and studied the stars.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Babylon, Shinar, Ur)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3679, H3778, H3779, G5466

Cilicia

Names :: Cilicia

Facts:

Cilicia was a small Roman province located in the southeastern part of what is now the modern-day country of Turkey. It borders the Aegean Sea.

The apostle Paul was a citizen from the city of Tarsus located in Cilicia.
Paul spent several years in Cilicia after his encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus.
Some of the Jews from Cilicia were among those who confronted Stephen and influenced the people to stone him to death.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Paul, Stephen, Tarsus)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2791

Colossae, Colossians

Names :: Colossae, Colossians

Facts:

In New Testament times, Colossae was a city located in the Roman province of Phrygia, an area of land that is now southwestern Turkey. The Colossians were the people who lived in Colossae.

Located about 100 miles inland from the Mediterranean Sea, Colossae was on an important trade route between the city of Ephesus and the Euphrates River.
While in prison in Rome, Paul wrote a letter to the “Colossians” to correct false teachings among the believers at Colossae.
When he wrote this letter, Paul had not visited the church at Colossae, but had heard about the believers there from his coworker, Epaphras.
Epaphras was probably the Christian worker who started the church at Colossae.
The book of Philemon was a letter by Paul addressed to a slave owner in Colossae.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ephesus, Paul)

Bible References:

Colossians 1:3

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2857

Corinth, Corinthians

Names :: Corinth, Corinthians

Facts:

Corinth was a city in the country of Greece, about 50 miles west of Athens. The Corinthians were the people who lived at Corinth.

Corinth was the location of one of the early Christian churches.
The New Testament books, 1 Corinthians and 2 Corinthians were letters written by Paul to the Christians living in Corinth.
On his first missionary journey, Paul stayed in Corinth for approximately 18 months.
Paul met the believers Aquila and Priscilla while in Corinth.
Other early church leaders associated with Corinth include Timothy, Titus, Apollos, and Silas.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Apollos, Timothy, Titus)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2881, G2882

Cornelius

Names :: Cornelius

Facts:

Cornelius was a Gentile, or non-Jewish man, who was a military officer in the Roman army.

He prayed regularly to God and was very generous in giving to the poor.
When Cornelius and his family heard the apostle Peter explain the gospel, they became believers in Jesus.
The people of Cornelius’ household were the first non-Jewish people to become believers.
This showed Jesus’ followers that he had come to save all people, including Gentiles.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: apostle, believe, Gentile, good news, Greek, centurion)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2883

Crete, Cretan

Names :: Crete, Cretan

Facts:

Crete is an island that is located off the southern coast of Greece. A “Cretan” is someone who lives on this island.

The apostle Paul traveled to the island of Crete during his missionary journeys.
Paul left his co-worker Titus on Crete to teach the Christians and to help appoint leaders for the church there.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2912, G2914

Cush

Names :: Cush

Facts:

Cush was the oldest son of Noah’s son Ham. He was also the ancestor of Nimrod. Two of his brothers were named Egypt and Canaan.

In Old Testament times, “Cush” was the name of a large region of land south of Israel. It is probable that the land was named after Ham’s son Cush.
The ancient region of Cush covered an area of land that may have, at different times, included parts of the modern-day countries of Sudan, Egypt, Ethiopia, and possibly, Saudi Arabia.
Another man named Cush is mentioned in the Psalms. He was a Benjamite.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Arabia, Canaan, Egypt, Ethiopia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3568, H3569, H3570, 3571

Cyprus

Names :: Cyprus

Facts:

Cyprus is an island in the Mediterranean Sea, about 64 kilometers south of the modern-day country of Turkey.

Barnabas was from Cyprus so it is probable that his cousin John Mark was also from there.
Paul and Barnabas preached together on the island of Cyprus at the beginning of their first missionary journey. John Mark came along to help them on that trip.
Later on, Barnabas and Mark visited Cyprus again.
In the Old Testament, Cyprus is mentioned as being a rich source of cypress trees.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Barnabas, John Mark, the sea)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2953, G2954

Cyrene

Names :: Cyrene

Facts:

Cyrene was a Greek city on the north coast of Africa on the Mediterranean Sea, directly south of the island of Crete.

In New Testament times, both Jews and Christians lived in Cyrene.
Cyrene is probably most well-known in the Bible as the home city of a man named Simon who carried the cross of Jesus.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Crete)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2956, G2957

Cyrus

Names :: Cyrus

Facts:

Cyrus was a Persian king who founded the Persian empire in about 550 BC, through military conquest. In history he was also known as Cyrus the Great.

King Cyrus conquered the city of Babylon, which led to the release of the Israelites who had been kept in exile there.
Cyrus was known for his tolerant attitude toward the people of the nations he conquered. His kindness toward the Jews led to the rebuilding of the Jerusalem temple after the exile.
Cyrus was reigning during the time when Daniel, Ezra, and Nehemiah were living.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Daniel, Darius, Ezra, Nehemiah, Persia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3566

Damascus

Names :: Damascus

Facts:

Damascus is the capital city of the country of Syria. It is still in the same location as it was in Bible times.

Damascus is one of the oldest, continuously inhabited cities in the world.
During the time of Abraham, Damascus was the capital of the Aram kingdom (located in what is now Syria).
Throughout the Old Testament, there are many references to the interactions between the inhabitants of Damascus and the people of Israel.
Several biblical prophecies predict the destruction of Damascus. These prophecies may have been fulfilled when Assyria destroyed the city during Old Testament times, or there may be also be a future, more complete destruction of this city.
In the New Testament, the Pharisee Saul (later known as Paul) was on his way to arrest Christians in the city of Damascus when Jesus confronted him and caused him to become a believer.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Aram, Assyria, believe, Syria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1834, G1154

Dan

Names :: Dan

Facts:

Dan was Jacob’s fifth son. He was Bilhah’s first son. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

His name sounds similar to the Hebrew word for “judge.”
The tribe of Dan settled in the northern part of Canaan. When used as the name of a region of land, the term “Dan” refers to the land given to the tribe of Dan.
“Dan” was also the name an Israelite city located about 60 miles north of Jerusalem. In the Old Testament times, the city of Dan served as a landmark for the northern boundary of the country of Israel, opposite the city of Beersheba as a landmark for the southern boundary.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: twelve tribes of Israel, Jacob, Bilhah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1835, H1839, H2051

Daniel

Names :: Daniel

Facts:

Daniel was an Israelite prophet who as a young man was taken captive by the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar around 600 BC.

This was during the time that many other Israelites from Judah were held captive in Babylon for 70 years.
Daniel was given the Babylonian name Belteshazzar.
Daniel was an honorable and righteous young man who obeyed God.
God enabled Daniel to interpret several dreams or visions for the Babylonian kings.
Because of this ability and because of his honorable character, Daniel was given a high leadership position in the Babylonian empire.
Many years later, Daniels enemies tricked the Babylonian king Darius into making a law forbidding the worship of anyone except the king. Daniel continued to pray to God, so he was arrested and thrown into a den of lions. But God rescued him and he was not harmed at all.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1840, H1841, G1158

Darius

Names :: Darius

Facts:

Darius was the name of several kings of Persia. It is possible that “Darius” was a title rather than a name.

“Darius the Mede” was the king who was tricked into having the prophet Daniel thrown into a lion’s den as punishment for worshiping God.
“Darius the Persian” helped facilitate the reconstruction of the temple in Jerusalem during the time of Ezra and Nehemiah.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Persia, Babylon, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1867, H1868

Delilah

Names :: Delilah

Facts:

Delilah was a Philistine woman who was loved by Samson, but was not his wife.

Delilah loved money more than she loved Samson.
The Philistines bribed Delilah to trick Samson into telling her how he could be made weak. When his strength was gone, the Philistines captured him.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: bribe, Philistines, Samson)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1807

Eden, garden of Eden

Names :: Eden, garden of Eden

Facts:

In ancient times, Eden was a region that had a garden where God placed the first man and woman to live.

The garden where Adam and Eve lived was only part of Eden.
The exact location of the region of Eden is not certain, but the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers were flowing through it.
The word “Eden” comes from a Hebrew word meaning to “take great delight in.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Adam, Euphrates River, Eve)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5729, H5731

Edom, Edomite, Idumea

Names :: Edom, Edomite, Idumea

Facts:

Edom was another name for Esau. The region where he lived also became known as “Edom” and later, “Idumea.” The “Edomites” were his descendants.

The region of Edom changed locations over time. It was mostly located to the south of Israel and eventually extended into southern Judah.
During New Testament times, Edom covered the southern half of the province of Judea. The Greeks called it “Idumea.”
The name “Edom” means “red,” which may refer to the fact that Esau was covered with red hair when he was born. Or it may refer to the red lentil stew that Esau traded his birthright for.
In the Old Testament, the country of Edom is often mentioned as an enemy of Israel.
The entire book of Obadiah is about the destruction of Edom. Other Old Testament prophets also spoke negative prophecies against Edom.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: adversary, birthright, Esau, Obadiah, prophet)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H123, H130, H8165, G2401

Ekron, Ekronites

Names :: Ekron, Ekronites

Facts:

Ekron was a major city of the Philistines, located nine miles inland from the Mediterranean Sea.

A temple of the false god Baal-zebub was located at Ekron.
When the Philistines captured the ark of the covenant, they took it to Ashdod and then moved it to Gath and Ekron because God kept causing people to get sick and die in whatever city the ark was taken to. Finally the Philistines sent the ark back to Israel.
When King Ahaziah fell through the roof of his house and injured himself, he sinned by trying to find out from the false god Baal-zebub of Ekron as to whether or not he would die from his injuries. Because of this sin, Yahweh said that he would die.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6138, H6139

Elam, Elamites

Names :: Elam, Elamites

Facts:

Elam was a son of Shem and a grandson of Noah.

The descendants of Elam were called “Elamites,” and they lived in a region that was also called “Elam.”
The region of Elam was located southeast of the Tigris River in what is now western Iran.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Noah, Shem)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5867, H5962, G1639

Eleazar

Names :: Eleazar

Facts:

Eleazar was the name of several men in the Bible.

Eleazar was the third son of Moses’ brother Aaron. After Aaron died, Eleazar became the high priest in Israel.
Eleazar was also the name of one of David’s “mighty men.”
Another Eleazar was one of Jesus’ ancestors.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Aaron, high priest, David, mighty)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0499, G1648

Eliakim

Names :: Eliakim

Facts:

Eliakim was the name of two men in the Old Testament.

One man named Eliakim was the manager of the palace under King Hezekiah.
Another man named Eliakim was a son of King Josiah. He was made king of Judah by the Egyptian pharaoh Necho.
Necho changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Hezekiah, Jehoiakim, Josiah, Pharaoh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H471, G1662

Elizabeth

Names :: Elizabeth

Facts:

Elizabeth was the mother of John the Baptist. Her husband’s name was Zechariah.

Zechariah and Elizabeth had never been able to have children, but in their old age, God promised Zechariah that Elizabeth would bear him a son.
God kept his promise, and soon Zechariah and Elizabeth were able to conceive, and she gave birth to a son. They named the baby John.
Elizabeth was also a relative of Mary, Jesus’ mother.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: John (the Baptist), Zechariah (NT))

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1665

En Gedi

Names :: En Gedi

Definition:

En Gedi was the name of a city in the wilderness of Judah southeast of Jerusalem.

En Gedi was located on the western bank of the Salt Sea.
Part of its name means “fountain,” referring to a spring of water that flows down from the city into the sea.
En Gedi was known for having beautiful vineyards and other fertile land, probably due to the continual watering by the fountain of water.
There were strongholds in En Gedi which David fled to when he was being chased by King Saul.

(See also: David, desert, fountain, Judah, rest, Salt Sea, Saul (OT), stronghold, vineyard)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5872

Enoch

Names :: Enoch

Facts:

Enoch was the name of two men in the Old Testament.

One man named Enoch was descended from Seth. He was the great grandfather of Noah.
This Enoch had a close relationship with God and when he was 365 years old, God took him to heaven while he was still alive.
A different man named Enoch was a son of Cain.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Cain, Seth)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2585, G1802

Ephesus, Ephesian

Names :: Ephesus, Ephesian

Facts:

Ephesus was an ancient Greek city on the west coast of what is now the present-day country of Turkey.

During the time of the early Christians, Ephesus was the capital of Asia, which was a small Roman province at that time.
Because of its location, this city was an important center of trade and travel.
A well-known pagan temple for the worship of the goddess Artemis (Diana) was located in Ephesus.
Paul lived and worked in Ephesus for more than two years and later appointed Timothy to lead the new believers there.
The book of Ephesians in the New Testament is a letter that Paul wrote to the believers in Ephesus.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Asia, Paul, Timothy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2179, G2180, G2181

Ephraim, Ephraimite

Names :: Ephraim, Ephraimite

Facts:

Ephraim was the younger son of Joseph. His descendants, the Ephraimites, formed one of the tribes of Israel.

The name Ephriam sounds like the Hebrew word meaning “to make fruitful.”
The tribe of Ephraim was one of the ten tribes located in the northern part of Israel.
Sometimes the name Ephraim is used in the Bible to refer to the whole northern kingdom of Israel (similar to how the name Judah is sometimes used to refer to the whole southern kingdom of Israel).

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H669, H673, G2187

Ephrath, Ephrathah

Names :: Ephrath, Ephrathah

Facts:

The terms “Ephrath” and “Ephrathah” are probably derived from the name “Ephraim,” who was one of the sons of Joseph and became the patriarch of one of the 12 tribes of Israel. Different

“Ephrathah” is the name of the region where Rachel died, near the city of Bethel.
There is a woman named “Ephrath” in the OT, who was the wife of Caleb.
Both cities of Bethlehem and Kirjath-Jearim are also called “Ephrathah,” even though both cities are in a different region than described above (near Bethel).

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Bethlehem, Boaz, Caleb, David, Israel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H672, H673

Esther, Hadasseh

Names :: Esther, Hadasseh

Facts:

Esther was a Jewish woman who became queen of the Persian kingdom after the Israelites were taken to Babylon as captives. “Esther” was her Persian name, and her Hebrew name was “Hadasseh.”

The book of Esther tells the story of how Esther became the wife of the Persian King Ahasuerus and how God used her to save her people.
Esther was an orphan who was raised by her godly older cousin, Mordecai.
Her obedience to her adoptive father helped her to be obedient to God.
Esther obeyed God and risked her life in order to save her people, the Jews.
The story of Esther illustrates God’s sovereign control over the events of history, especially how he protects his people and works through those who obey him.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahasuerus, Mordecai, Persia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H635

Ethiopia, Ethiopian

Names :: Ethiopia, Ethiopian

Facts:

Ethiopia is a country in Africa located just south of Egypt, bordered by the Nile River to the west and by the Red Sea to the east. A person from Ethiopia is an “Ethiopian.”

Ancient Ethiopia was located south of Egypt and included land that is now part of several modern-day African countries, such as Sudan, modern Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, Central African Republic, and Chad.
In the Bible, Ethiopia is sometimes called “Cush” or “Nubia.”
The countries of Ethiopia (“Cush”) and Egypt are often mentioned together in the Bible, perhaps because they were located next to each other and their people may have had some of the same ancestors.
God sent Philip the evangelist to a desert where he shared the good news about Jesus with an Ethiopian eunuch.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Cush, Egypt, eunuch, Philip)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G128

Euphrates River, the River

Names :: Euphrates River, the River

Facts:

The Euphrates is the name of one of the four rivers that flowed through the Garden of Eden. It is the river that is most often mentioned in the Bible.

The modern day river named Euphrates is located in the Middle East and is the longest and most important river in Asia.
Together with the Tigris River, the Euphrates borders a region of land known as Mesopotamia.
The ancient city of Ur where Abraham came from was at the mouth of the Euphrates River.
This river was one of the boundaries of the land that God promised to give to Abraham (Genesis 15:18).
Sometimes the Euphrates is simply called “the River.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5104, H6578, G2166

Ezekiel

Names :: Ezekiel

Facts:

Ezekiel was a prophet of God during the exile period when many Jews were taken to Babylon.

Ezekiel was a priest living in the kingdom of Judah when he and many other Jews were captured by the Babylonian army.
For over twenty years, he and his wife lived in Babylon near a river, and the Jews came there to hear him speak messages from God.
Among other things, Ezekiel prophesied about the destruction and restoration of Jerusalem and the temple.
He also prophesied about the future kingdom of the Messiah.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, Christ, exile, prophet)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3168

Ezra

Names :: Ezra

Facts:

Ezra was an Israelite priest and expert in Jewish law who recorded the history of the Israelites’ return to Jerusalem from Babylon where Israel had been held captive for 70 years.

Ezra recorded this part of Israel’s history in the biblical book of Ezra. He may also have written the book of Nehemiah, since these two books had originally been one single book.
When Ezra returned to Jerusalem he re-established the Law, since the Israelites had stopped obeying the Sabbath laws and had intermarried with women who practiced pagan religions.
Ezra also helped rebuild the temple, which had been destroyed by the Babylonians when they captured Jerusalem.
There are two other men named Ezra mentioned in the Old Testament.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, exile, Jerusalem, law, Nehemiah, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H250, H5830, H5831

Gabriel

Names :: Gabriel

Facts:

Gabriel is the name of one of God’s angels. He is mentioned by name several times, in both the Old and New Testaments.

God sent Gabriel to tell the prophet Daniel the meaning of a vision he had seen.
Another time, while Daniel was praying, the angel Gabriel flew to him and prophesied about what would happen in the future. Daniel described him as a “man.”
In the New Testament it is recorded that Gabriel came to Zechariah to prophesy that his aged wife Elizabeth would have a son, John.
Sixth months after that, Gabriel was sent to Mary to tell her that God would miraculously enable her to conceive a child who would be the “Son of God.” Gabriel told Mary to name her son “Jesus.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1403, G1043

Gad

Names :: Gad

Facts:

Gad was Jacob’s seventh son. He was Zilpah’s first son. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

The tribe descended from him was known as the “tribe of Gad” or “Gad” or “Gad.”
The name Gad is similar to the Hebrew word for “good fortune.”
The tribe of Gad settled on the eastern side of the Jordan River between the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea. This was to the north of Reuben and south of half of the tribe of Manasseh. When used as the name of a region of land, the term “Gad” refers to the land given to the tribe of Gad.
Another man in the Bible named Gad was a prophet who confronted King David for his sin of taking a census of the Israelite people.

(Translation suggestions:How to Translate Names

(See also: twelve tribes of Israel, Jacob, Zilpah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1410, H1425, G1045

Galatia, Galatians

Names :: Galatia, Galatians

Facts:

In New Testament times, Galatia was a large Roman province located in the central part of what is now the country of Turkey.

Part of Galatia bordered the Black Sea, which was to the north. It was also bordered by the provinces of Asia, Bithynia, Cappadocia, Celicia, and Pamphylia.
The apostle Paul wrote a letter to the Christians who lived in the province of Galatia. This letter is the New Testament book called “Galatians.”
One reason that Paul wrote his letter to the Galatians was to emphasize again the gospel of salvation by grace, not by works.
The Jewish Christians there were incorrectly teaching the Gentile Christians there that it was necessary for believers to keep certain Jewish laws.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Asia, believe, Cilicia, good news, Paul, works)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1053, G1054

Gath, Gittite

Names :: Gath, Gittite

Facts:

Gath was one of the five major cities of the Philistines. It was located north of Ekron and east of Ashdod and Ashkelon.

The Philistine warrior Goliath was from the city of Gath.
During the time of Samuel, the Philistines stole the ark of the covenant from Israel and took it to their pagan temple at Ashdod. It was then moved to Gath and later to Ekron. But God punished the people of those cities with disease, so they sent it back to Israel again.
When David was escaping from King Saul, he fled to Gath and lived there awhile with his two wives and with six hundred men who were his loyal followers.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ashdod, Ashkelon, Ekron, Gaza, Goliath, Philistines)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1661, H1663

Gaza

Names :: Gaza

Facts:

During Bible times, Gaza was a prosperous Philistine city located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, about 38 kilometers south of Ashdod. It was one of the Philistines’ five major cities.

Because of its location, Gaza was a key seaport where commercial activities took place between many different people groups and nations.
Today, the city of Gaza is still an important seaport in the Gaza Strip, which is a region of land located along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea bordered by Israel on the north and east, and by Egypt on the south.
Gaza was the city that the Philistines took Samson to after they had captured him.
Philip the evangelist was walking along the desert road to Gaza when he met an Ethiopian eunuch.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ashdod, Philip, Philistines, Ethiopia, Gath)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5804, H5841, G1048

Gerar

Names :: Gerar

Facts:

Gerar was a city and region in the land of Canaan, located southwest of Hebron and northwest of Beersheba.

King Abimelech was the ruler of Gerar when Abraham and Sarah settled there.
The Philistines dominated the region of Gerar during the time that the Israelites were living in Canaan.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abimelech, Beersheba, Hebron, Philistines)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1642

Geshur, Geshurites

Names :: Geshur, Geshurites

Definition:

During the time of King David, Geshur was a small kingdom located on the east side of the Sea of Galilee between the countries of Israel and Aram.

King David married Maacah, the daughter of Geshur’s king, and she bore him a son, Absalom.
After murdering his half-brother Amnon, Absalom fled northeast from Jerusalem to Geshur, a distance of about 140 kilometers. He stayed there three years.

(See also: Absalom, Amnon, Aram, Sea of Galilee)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1650

Gethsemane

Names :: Gethsemane

Facts:

Gethsemane was a garden of olive trees east of Jerusalem beyond the Kidron valley and near the Mount of Olives.

The garden of Gethsemane was a place where Jesus and his followers would go to be alone and rest, away from the crowds.
It was in Gethsemane that Jesus prayed in deep sorrow, before being arrested there by Jewish leaders.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1068

Gibeah

Names :: Gibeah

Facts:

Gibeah was a city located north of Jerusalem and south of Bethel.

Gibeah was in the territory of the tribe of Benjamin.
It was the site of a huge battle between the Benjamites and Israel.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Benjamin, Bethel, Jerusalem)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1387, H1389, H1390, H1394

Gilead, Gileadite

Names :: Gilead, Gileadite

Definition:

Gilead was the name of a mountainous region east of the Jordan river where the Israelite tribes of Gad, Reuben, and Manasseh lived.

This region was also referred to as the “hill country of Gilead” or “Mount Gilead.”
“Gilead” was also the name of several men in the Old Testament. One of these men was the grandson of Manasseh. Another Gilead was the father of Jephthah.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1568, H1569

Gilgal

Names :: Gilgal

Facts:

Gilgal was a town north of Jericho and was the first place that the Israelites camped after crossing the Jordan River to enter Canaan.

At Gilgal, Joshua set up twelve stones taken from the dry river bed of the Jordan River that they had just crossed over.
Gilgal was the city that Elijah and Elisha were leaving as they crossed the Jordan when Elijah was taken up to heaven.
There were also several other places called “Gilgal” in the Old Testament.
The word “gilgal” means “circle of stones,” perhaps referring to a place where a circular altar was built.
In the Old Testament, this name almost always occurs as “the gilgal.” This may indicate that it was not a specific place name but rather was a description of a certain kind of place.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Elijah, Elisha, Jericho, Jordan River)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1537

Girgashites

Names :: Girgashites

Facts:

The Girgashites were a people group living near the Sea of Galilee in the land of Canaan.

They were descendants of Ham’s son Canaan and so were one of the many people groups who were also known as “Canaanites.”
God promised the Israelites that he would help them defeat the Girgashites and other Canaanite people groups.
Like all the Canaanite peoples, the Girgashites worshiped false gods and did immoral things as part of that worship.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, Ham, Noah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1622

Golgotha

Names :: Golgotha

Facts:

“Golgotha” was the name of the place where Jesus was crucified. Its name comes from an Aramaic word that means “Skull” or “Place of the Skull.”

Golgotha was located outside the city walls of Jerusalem, somewhere nearby. It was perhaps located on a slope of the Mount of Olives.
In some older English versions of the Bible, Golgotha is translated as “Calvary,” which comes from the Latin word for “skull.”
Many Bible versions use a word that looks or sounds similar to “Golgotha,” since its meaning is already explained in the Bible text.

(Translation Suggestion: How to Translate Names

(See also: Aram, Mount of Olives)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1115

Goliath

Names :: Goliath

Facts:

Goliath was a very tall and very large soldier in the army of the Philistines who was killed by David.

Goliath was between two and three meters tall. He is often referred to as a giant because of his great size.
Although Goliath had better weapons and was much bigger than David, God gave David the strength and ability to defeat Goliath.
The Israelites were declared victorious over the Philistines as a result of David’s victory over Goliath.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: David, Philistines)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1555

Gomorrah

Names :: Gomorrah

Facts:

Gomorrah was a city located in a fertile valley near Sodom, where Abraham’s nephew Lot chose to live.

The exact location of Gomorrah and Sodom is unknown, but there are indications that they may have been located directly south of the Salt Sea, near the Valley of Siddim.
There were many kings at war in the region where Sodom and Gomorrah were located.
When Lot’s family was captured in a conflict between Sodom and other cities, Abraham and his men rescued them.
Not long after that, Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed by God because of the wickedness of the people who lived there.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Babylon, Lot, Salt Sea, Sodom)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6017

Goshen

Names :: Goshen

Definition:

Goshen was the name of a fertile region of land located along the Nile River in the northern part of Egypt.

When Joseph was a ruler in Egypt, his father and brothers and their families came to live in Goshen to escape a famine in Canaan.
They and their descendants lived well in Goshen for over 400 years, but then they were forced into slavery by the Egyptian pharaoh.
Finally God sent Moses to help the people of Israel leave the land of Goshen and escape this slavery.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Egypt, famine, Moses, Nile River)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1657

Greece, Grecian

Names :: Greece, Grecian

Facts:

During New Testament times, Greece was a province in the Roman Empire.

Like the modern-day country of Greece, it was located on a peninsula that is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea, the Aegean Sea, and the Ionian Sea.
The apostle Paul visited several cities in Greece and established churches in the cities of Corinth, Thessalonica, and Philippi and probably others.
People who are from Greece are called “Greeks” and their language is “Greek.” People from other Roman provinces also spoke Greek, including many Jews.
Sometimes the term “Greek” is used to refer to a Gentile.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Corinth, Gentile, Greek, Hebrew, Philippi, Thessalonica)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3120, G1671

Greek, Grecian, Hellenist

Names :: Greek, Grecian, Hellenist

Facts:

The term “Greek” refers to the language spoken in the country of Greece, it is also a person from the country of Greece. Greek was also spoken throughout the Roman Empire. The adjective “Grecian” means “Greek-speaking.”

Since most non-Jewish people in the Roman Empire spoke Greek, Gentiles are often referred to as “Greeks” in the New Testament, especially when contrasted with Jews.
The phrase “Grecian Jews” or “Hellenists” referred to Jews who spoke Greek in contrast to the “Hebraic Jews” who spoke only Hebrew, or perhaps Aramaic. The term “Hellenists” comes from the pronunciation of the Greek word for a Greek-speaker.
Other ways to translate “Grecian” could include, “Greek-speaking” or “culturally Greek” or “Greek.”
When referring to non-Jews, “Greek” could be translated as “Gentile.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Aram, Gentile, Greece, Hebrew, Rome)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3125, G1672, G1673, G1674, G1675, G1676

Habakkuk

Names :: Habakkuk

Facts:

Habakkuk was an Old Testament prophet who lived around the time that King Jehoiakim was reigning over Judah. The prophet Jeremiah was also alive during some of this time.

This prophet wrote the book of Habakkuk around 600 BC when the Babylonians conquered Jerusalem and took many of the people of Judah into exile.
Yahweh gave Habakkuk the prophecy about how the “Chaldeans” (Babylonians) would come and conquer the people of Judah.
One of Habakkuk’s most well-known statements is: “the righteous person shall live by his faith.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, Jehoiakim, Jeremiah)

Bible References:

Habakkuk 1:2

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2265

Haggai

Names :: Haggai

Facts:

Haggai was a prophet of Judah after the Jews returned home from being captives in Babylon.

During the period when Haggai was prophesying, King Uzziah was reigning over Judah.
The prophet Zechariah was also prophesying during this period.
Haggai and Zechariah exhorted the Jews to rebuild the temple, which had been destroyed by the Babylonians under King Nebuchadnezzar.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, Judah, Nebuchadnezzar, Uzziah, Zechariah (OT))

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2292

Ham

Names :: Ham

Facts:

Ham was the second of Noah’s three sons.

During the worldwide flood that covered the whole earth, Ham and his brothers were with Noah in the ark, along with their wives.
After the flood, there was an occasion where Ham was very dishonoring to his father, Noah. As a result, Noah cursed Ham’s son Canaan and all his descendants, who eventually became known as the Canaanites.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: ark, Canaan, dishonor, Noah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2526

Hamath, Hamathites, Lebo Hamath

Names :: Hamath, Hamathites, Lebo Hamath

Facts:

Hamath was an important city in northern Syria, north of the land of Canaan. The Hamathites were descendants of Noah’s son Canaan.

The name “Lebo Hamath” probably refers to a mountain pass near the city of Hamath.
Some versions translate “Lebo Hamath” as “entrance to Hamath.”
King David defeated enemies of King Tou of Hamath, causing them to be on good terms.
Hamath was one of Solomon’s storehouse cities where provisions were kept.
The land of Hamath was where King Zedekiah was killed by King Nebuchadnezzar and where King Jehoahaz was captured by an Egyptian pharaoh.
The term “Hamathite” could also be translated as “person from Hamath.”

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, Canaan, Nebuchadnezzar, Syria, Zedekiah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2574, H2577

Hamor

Names :: Hamor

Facts:

Hamor was a Canaanite man living in the city of Shechem when Jacob and his family were living in nearby Succoth. He was a Hivite.

Jacob bought a family burial ground from Hamor’s sons.
While they were there, Hamor’s son Shechem raped Jacob’s daughter Dinah.
Dinah’s brothers took revenge on Hamor’s family and killed all the men in the city of Shechem.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, Hivite, Jacob, Shechem, Succoth)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2544

Hananiah

Names :: Hananiah

Facts:

Hananiah was the name of several different men in the Old Testament.

One Hananiah was an Israelite captive in Babylon whose name was changed to “Shadrach.”
He was given a position as a royal servant due to his excellent character and abilities.
Once Hanahiah (Shadrach) and two other Israelite young men were thrown into a fire in a furnace because they refused to worship the Babylonian king. God showed his power by protecting them from being harmed.
Another man named Hananiah was listed as a descendant of King Solomon.
A different Hananiah was a false prophet during the time of the prophet Jeremiah.
One man named Hananiah was a priest who helped lead a celebration during the time of Nehemiah.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Azariah, Babylon, Daniel, false prophet, Jeremiah, Mishael)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2608

Hannah

Names :: Hannah

Facts:

Hannah was the mother of the prophet Samuel. She was one of two wives of Elkanah.

Hannah was not able to conceive a child, which was a great grief to her.
At the temple, Hannah earnestly prayed for God to give her a son, promising to dedicate him to serving God.
God granted her request and when the boy Samuel was old enough, she brought him to serve at the temple.
God also gave Hannah other children after that.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: conceive, Samuel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2584

Haran

Names :: Haran

Facts:

Haran was a younger brother of Abram and the father of Lot.

Haran was also the name of the town where Abram and his family lived awhile on their journey from the city of Ur to the land of Canaan.
A different man named Haran was a son of Caleb.
A third man in the Bible named Haran was a descendant of Levi.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Caleb, Canaan, Levite, Lot, Terah, Ur)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2039

Hebron

Names :: Hebron

Facts:

Hebron was a city located in the high, rocky hills about 20 miles south of Jerusalem.

The city was built around 2000 BC during the time of Abram. It was mentioned many times in the historical accounts given in the Old Testament.
Hebron had a very important role in King David’s life. Several of his sons, including Absalom, were born there.
The city was destroyed around AD 70 by the Romans.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Absalom)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2275, H2276

Herod, Herod Antipas

Names :: Herod, Herod Antipas

Facts:

During most of Jesus’ lifetime, Herod Antipas was the ruler of the part of the Roman Empire that included Galilee province.

Like his father Herod the Great, Antipas was sometimes referred to as “King Herod” even though he was not really a king.
Herod Antipas ruled about one-fourth of the provinces of Israel, so he was also called “Herod the tetrarch.” “Tetrarch” was a title for a person who ruled one-fourth of a country.
Antipas is the “Herod” who gave the order for John the Baptist to be killed by beheading.
It was also Herod Antipas who questioned Jesus before his crucifixion.
The other Herods in the New Testament were Antipas’ son (Agrippa) and grandson (Agrippa 2) who ruled during the time of the apostles.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2264, G2265, G2267

Herod, Herod the Great

Names :: Herod, Herod the Great

Facts:

Herod the Great was ruling over Judea at the time Jesus was born. He was the first of several Edomite rulers named Herod who ruled over parts of the Roman Empire.

His ancestors converted to Judaism and he was raised as a Jew.
Caesar Augustus named him “King Herod” even though he was not a true king. He ruled over the Jews in Judea for 33 years.
Herod the Great was known for the beautiful buildings he ordered to be built and for the rebuilding of the Jewish temple in Jerusalem.
This Herod was very cruel and had many people killed. When he heard that a “king of the Jews” had been born in Bethlehem, he had all the baby boys in that town killed.
His sons Herod Antipas and Herod Philip and his grandson Herod Agrippa also became Roman rulers. His great-grandson Herod Agrippa II (called “King Agrippa”) ruled over the entire area of Judea.

(See How to Translate Names

(See also: Herod Antipas, Judea, king, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2264

Herodias

Names :: Herodias

Facts:

Herodias was the wife of Herod Antipas in Judea during the time of John the Baptist.

Herodias was originally the wife of Herod Antipas’s brother Philip, but later she unlawfully married Herod Antipas.
John the Baptist rebuked Herod and Herodias for their unlawful marriage. Because of this, Herod put John in prison and because of Herodias eventually was beheaded.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Herod Antipas, John (the Baptist))

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2266

Hezekiah

Names :: Hezekiah

Definition:

Hezekiah was the 13th king over the kingdom of Judah. He was a king who trusted and obeyed God.

Unlike his father Ahaz, who had been an evil king, King Hezekiah was a good king who destroyed all the places of idol worship in Judah.
One time when Hezekiah became very sick and almost died, he earnestly prayed that God would spare his life. God healed him and allowed him to live 15 more years.
As a sign to Hezekiah that this would happen, God performed a miracle and caused the sun to move backwards in the sky.
God also answered Hezekiah’s prayer to save his people from King Sennacherib of Assyria, who was attacking them.

(See also: Ahaz, Assyria, false god, Judah, Sennacherib)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2396, H3169, G1478

Hilkiah

Names :: Hilkiah

Facts:

Hilkiah was the high priest during the reign of King Josiah.

When the temple was being repaired, Hilkiah the high priest found the Book of the Law and ordered that it be brought to King Josiah.
After the Book of the Law was read to him, Josiah was grieved and caused the people of Judah to worship Yahweh again and obey his laws.
Another man named Hilkiah was the son of Eliakim and worked in the palace during the time of King Hezekiah.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Eliakim, Hezekiah, high priest, Josiah, Judah, law, worship, Yahweh)

Bible References:

2 Kings 18:18

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2518

Hittite

Names :: Hittite

Definition:

The Hittites were descendants of Ham through his son Canaan. They became a large empire located in what is now Turkey and northern Palestine.

Abraham bought a piece of property from Ephron the Hittite so that he could bury his deceased wife Sarah in a cave there. Eventually Abraham and several of his descendants were also buried in that cave.
Esau’s parents were grieved when he married two Hittite women.
One of David’s mighty men was named Uriah the Hittite.
Some of the foreign women that Solomon married were Hittites. These foreign women turned Solomon’s heart away from God because of the false gods they worshiped.
The Hittites were often a threat to the Israelites, both physically and spiritually.

(See also: descendant, Esau, foreigner, Ham, mighty, Solomon, Uriah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2850

Hivite

Names :: Hivite

Facts:

The Hivites were one of seven major people groups living in the land of Canaan.

All these groups, including the Hivites, were descended from Canaan, who was Noah’s grandson.
Shechem the Hivite raped Jacob’s daughter Dinah, and her brothers killed many Hivites in revenge.
When Joshua led the Israelites to take over the land of Canaan, the Israelites were tricked into making a treaty with the Hivites instead of conquering them.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, Hamor, Noah, Shechem)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2340

Horeb

Names :: Horeb

Definition:

Mount Horeb is another name for Mount Sinai, where God gave Moses the stone tablets with the ten commandments.

Mount Horeb is called the “mountain of God.”
Horeb was the place where Moses saw the burning bush when he was tending sheep.
Mount Horeb was the place where God revealed his covenant to the Israelites by giving them the stone tablets with his commandments written on them.
It was also the place where God later told Moses to strike a rock to provide water for the Israelites as they were wandering in the desert.
The exact location of this mountain is not known, but it may have been in the southern part of what is now the Sinai Peninsula.
It is possible that “Horeb” was the actual name of the mountain and that “Mount Sinai” simply means “mountain of Sinai,” referring to the fact that Mount Horeb was located in the desert of Sinai.

(See also: covenant, Israel, Moses, Sinai, Ten Commandments)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2722

Hosea

Names :: Hosea

Facts:

Hosea was a prophet of Israel who lived and prophesied about 750 years before the time of Christ.

His ministry lasted for many years through the reigns of several kings, such as Jeroboam, Zechariah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hoshea, Uzziah, and Hezekiah.
Hosea was told by God to marry a prostitute named Gomer and to continue to love her, even though she was unfaithful to him.
This was a picture of God’s love for his unfaithful people, Israel.
Hosea prophesied against the people of Israel because of their sin, warning them to turn away from worshipping idols.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahaz, Hezekiah, Hoshea, Jeroboam, Jotham, Uzziah, Zechariah (OT))

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1954, G5617

Hoshea

Names :: Hoshea

Facts:

Hoshea was the name of a king of Israel and several other men in the Old Testament.

Hoshea son of Alah was a king of Israel for nine years during part of the reigns of Ahaz and Hezekiah, kings of Judah.
Joshua son of Nun was formerly named Hoshea. Moses changed Hoshea’s name to Joshua before sending him and eleven other men to spy out the land of the Canaanites.
After Moses died, Joshua led the people of Israel to take possession of the land of Canaan.
A different man named Hoshea was a son of Azaziah and was one of the leaders of the Ephraimites.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahaz, Canaan, Ephraim, Hezekiah, Joshua, Moses)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1954

Iconium

Names :: Iconium

Facts:

Iconium was a city in the south central part of what is now the country of Turkey.

On Paul’s first missionary journey, he and Barnabas went to Iconium after the Jews forced them to leave the city of Antioch.
Then the unbelieving Jews and Gentiles in Iconium also planned to stone Paul and his coworkers, but they escaped to the nearby city of Lystra.
After that the people from both Antioch and Iconium came to Lystra and stirred up the people there to stone Paul.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Barnabas, Lystra, stone)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2430

Issachar

Names :: Issachar

Facts:

Issachar was Jacob’s ninth son. He was Leah’s fifth son. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

The tribe descended from him was known as the “tribe of Issachar” or “Issachar.”
The meaning of the name is unknown, but it is similar to a Hebrew word meaning “reward, hire.”
The tribe of Issachar settled in central Canaan, southwest of the Sea of Galilee. Issachar’s land was bordered by the lands of Naphtali, Zebulun, Manasseh, and Gad.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: twelve tribes of Israel, Jacob, Leah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3485, G2466

James (brother of Jesus)

Names :: James (brother of Jesus)

Facts:

James was a son of Mary and Joseph. He was one of Jesus’ younger half-brothers.

Jesus’ other half-brothers were named Joseph, Judas, and Simon.
During Jesus’ lifetime, James and his brothers did not believe that Jesus was the Messiah.
Later, after Jesus was raised from the dead, James believed in him and became a leader of the church in Jerusalem.
The New Testament book of James is a letter that James wrote to Christians who had fled to other countries to escape persecution.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2385

James (son of Alphaeus)

Names :: James (son of Alphaeus)

Facts:

James, the son of Alphaeus, was one of Jesus’ twelve apostles.

His name is given in the lists of Jesus’ disciples in the gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke.
He is also mentioned in the book of Acts as one of the eleven disciples who were together praying in Jerusalem after Jesus went back up to heaven.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2385

James (son of Zebedee)

Names :: James (son of Zebedee)

Facts:

James, a son of Zebedee, was one of Jesus’ twelve apostles. He had a younger brother named John who was also one of Jesus’ apostles.

James and his brother John worked by fishing with their father Zebedee.
James and John were nicknamed the “Sons of Thunder,” perhaps because they got angry quickly.
Peter, James, and John were Jesus’ closest disciples and were with him for amazing events such as when Jesus was on a mountaintop with Elijah and Moses and when Jesus caused a dead little girl to come back to life.
This is a different James than the one who wrote a book in the Bible. Some languages may have to write their names differently to make it clear that they were two different men.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2385

Japheth

Names :: Japheth

Facts:

Japheth was one of Noah’s three sons.

During the worldwide flood that covered the whole earth, Japheth and his two brothers were with Noah in the ark, along with their wives.
Noah’s sons are usually listed as, “Shem, Ham, and Japheth.” This indicates that Japheth was the youngest brother.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: ark, flood, Ham, Noah, Shem)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3315

Jebus, Jebusite

Names :: Jebus, Jebusite

Facts:

The Jebusites were a people group living in the land of Canaan. They were descended from Ham’s son Canaan.

The Jebusites lived in the city of Jebus, and its name was later changed to Jerusalem when King David conquered it.
Melchizedek, the king of Salem, was probably of Jebusite origin.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, Ham, Jerusalem, Melchizedek)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2982, H2983

Jehoiachin

Names :: Jehoiachin

Facts:

Jehoiachin was a king who ruled over the kingdom of Judah.

Jehoiachin became king when he was 18 years old. He only reigned three months, and after that he was captured by the Babylonian army and taken to Babylon.
During his short reign, Jehoiachin did evil things like the ones his grandfather King Manasseh and his father King Jehoiakim had done.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, Jehoiakim, Judah, Manasseh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3078, H3112, H3204, H3659

Jehoiada

Names :: Jehoiada

Facts:

Jehoiada was a priest who helped hide and protect King Ahaziah’s son Joash until he was old enough to be declared king.

Jehoiada arranged for hundreds of bodyguards to protect young Joash as he was proclaimed king by the people in the temple.
Jehoiada led the people in getting rid of all the altars of the false god Baal.
For the rest of his life, Jehoiada the priest advised King Joash to help him obey God and rule the people wisely.
Another man named Jehoiada was the father of Benaiah.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ahaziah, Baal, Benaiah, Joash)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3077

Jehoiakim

Names :: Jehoiakim

Facts:

Jehoiakim was an evil king who reigned over the kingdom of Judah, beginning around 608 B.C. He was King Josiah’s son. His name was originally Eliakim.

The Egyptian pharaoh Necho changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim and made him king of Judah.
Necho forced Jehoiakim to pay high taxes to Egypt.
When Judah was later invaded by King Nebuchadnezzar, Jehioakim was among those who were captured and taken to Babylon.
Jehoiakim was an evil king who led Judah away from Yahweh. Jeremiah the prophet prophesied against him.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, Eliakim, Jeremiah, Judah, Nebuchadnezzar)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3079

Jehoram, Joram

Names :: Jehoram, Joram

Facts:

“Jehoram” was the name of two kings in the Old Testament. Both kings were also known as “Joram.”

One King Jehoram ruled over the kingdom of Judah for eight years. He was the son of King Jehoshaphat. This is the king that is most commonly known as Jehoram.
The other King Jehoram ruled over the kingdom of Israel for twelve years. He was the son of King Ahab.
King Jehoram of Judah reigned during the time that the prophets Jeremiah, Daniel, Obadiah, and Ezekiel were prophesying in the kingdom of Judah.
The King Jehoram also reigned during some of the time that his father King Jehoshaphat was reigning over Judah.
Some translations may choose to consistently use the name “Jehoram” when this king of Israel is mentioned and the name “Joram” for the king of Judah.
Another way to clearly identify each one would be to include the name of his father.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ahab, Jehoshaphat, Joram, Judah, kingdom of Israel, Obadiah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3088, H3141, G2496

Jehoshaphat

Names :: Jehoshaphat

Facts:

Jehoshaphat was the name of at least two men in the Old Testament.

The best known man by this name was King Jehoshaphat who was the fourth king to rule over the kingdom of Judah.
He restored peace between Judah and Israel and destroyed the altars of false gods.
Another Jehoshaphat was a “recorder” for David and Solomon. His job included writing documents for the king to sign and recording the history of the important events that happened in the kingdom.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: altar, David, false god, Israel, Judah, priest, Solomon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3092, G2498

Jehu

Names :: Jehu

Facts:

Jehu was the name of two men in the Old Testament.

Jehu son of Hanani was a prophet during the reigns of King Ahab of Israel and King Jehoshaphat of Judah.
Jehu son (or descendant) of Jehoshaphat was a general in the Israelite army who was anointed king by order of the prophet Elisha.
King Jehu killed two evil kings, King Joram of Israel and King Ahaziah of Judah.
King Jehu also killed all the relatives of the former King Ahab and had the evil queen Jezebel killed.
King Jehu destroyed all the places of Baal worship in Samaria and killed all the prophets of Baal.
King Jehu served the only true God, Yahweh, and was king over Israel for twenty-eight years.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahab, Ahaziah, Baal, Elisha, Jehoshaphat, Jehu, Jezebel, Joram, Judah, Samaria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3058

Jephthah

Names :: Jephthah

Facts:

Jephthah was a warrior from Gilead who served as a judge over Israel.

In Hebrews 11:32, Jephthah is praised as an important leader who delivered his people from their enemies.
He rescued the Israelites from the Ammonites and led his people to defeat the Ephraimites.
Jepthah however, made a foolish, hasty vow to God which resulted in the sacrifice of his daughter.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ammon, deliver, Ephraim, judge, vow)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3316

Jesse

Names :: Jesse

Facts:

Jesse was the father of King David and the grandson of Ruth and Boaz.

Jesse was from the tribe of Judah.
He was an “Ephrathite,” which means he was from the region of Ephrathah. The town of Bethlehem was located in the region of Ephrathah.
The prophet Isaiah prophesied about a “shoot” or “branch” that would come from the “root of Jesse” and bear fruit. This refers to Jesus, who was a descendant of Jesse.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3448, G2421

Jethro, Reuel

Names :: Jethro, Reuel

Facts:

The names “Jethro” and “Reuel” both refer to the father of Moses’ wife, Zipporah. There were also two other men named “Reuel” in the Old Testament.

When Moses was a shepherd in the land of Midian, he married the daughter of a Midianite man named Reuel.
Later on Reuel is referred to as “Jethro, the priest of Midian.” It could be that “Reuel” was his clan name.
When God spoke to Moses from a flaming bush, Moses was tending Jethro’s sheep,
Some time later, after God had rescued the Israelites from Egypt, Jethro came out to the Israelites in the wilderness and gave Moses good advice about judging the affairs of the people.
He believed in God when he heard about all the miracles God had done for the Israelites in Egypt.
One of Esau’s sons was named Reuel.
Another man named Reuel is mentioned in the genealogy of the Israelites who returned to resettle in Judah after their captivity in Babylon had ended.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: captive, clan, desert, Egypt, Esau, miracle, Moses, desert)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3503, H7467

Jezebel

Names :: Jezebel

Facts:

Jezebel was the wicked wife of King Ahab of Israel.

Jezebel influenced Ahab and the rest of Israel to worship idols.
She also killed many of God’s prophets.
Jezebel caused an innocent man named Naboth to be killed so that Ahab could steal Naboth’s vineyard.
Jezebel was finally killed due to all the evil things she had done. Elijah prophesied about how she would die and it happened exactly as he had predicted.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahab, Elijah, false god)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H348, G2403

Jezreel, Jezreelite

Names :: Jezreel, Jezreelite

Definition:

Jezreel was an important Israelite city in the territory of the Issachar tribe, located southwest of the Salt Sea.

The city of Jezreel is one of the western points in the Plain of Megiddo, which is also called the “Valley of Jezreel.”
Several kings of Israel had their palaces in the city of Jezreel.
Naboth’s vineyard was located near King Ahab’s palace in Jezreel. The prophet Elijah prophesied against Ahab there.
Ahab’s evil wife Jezebel was killed in Jezreel.
Many other significant events happened in this city, including several battles.

(See also: Ahab, Elijah, Issachar, Jezebel, palace, Salt Sea)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3157, H3158, H3159

Joab

Names :: Joab

Definition:

Joab was an important military leader for King David throughout David’s entire reign.

Before David became king, Joab had already been one of his loyal followers.
Later, during David’s reign as king over Israel, Joab became the commander of King David’s army.
Joab was also King David’s nephew, since his mother was one of David’s sisters.
When David’s son Absalom betrayed him by trying to take over his kingship, Joab killed Absalom in order to protect the king.
Joab was a very aggressive fighter and killed many people who were enemies of Israel.

(See also: Absalom, David)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3097

Joash

Names :: Joash

Facts:

Joash was the name of several men in the Old Testament.

One Joash was the father of the Israelite deliverer Gideon.
Another man named Joash was a descendant of Jacob’s youngest son, Benjamin.
The most well-known Joash became king of Judah at the age of seven. He was the son of Ahaziah, king of Judah, who had been murdered.
When Joash was a very young child, his aunt saved him from being killed by hiding him away until he was old enough to be crowned king.
King Joash was a good king who at first obeyed God. But he did not remove the high places, and the Israelites started worshiping idols again.
King Joash ruled Judah during some of the years that King Jehoash was ruling Israel. They were two distinct kings.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahaziah, altar, Benjamin, false god, Gideon, high places, false god)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3101, H3135

Job

Names :: Job

Facts:

Job was a man who is described in the Bible as blameless and righteous before God. He is best known for persevering in his faith in God through times of terrible suffering.

Job lived in the land of Uz, which was located somewhere east of the land of Canaan, possibly near the region of the Edomites.
It is thought that he lived during the time of Esau and Jacob because one of Job’s friends was a “Temanite,” which was a people group named after Esau’s grandson.
The Old Testament book of Job tells about how Job and others responded to his suffering. It also gives God’s viewpoint as the sovereign creator and ruler of the universe.
After all the disasters, God eventually healed Job and gave him more children and wealth.
The book of Job says that he was very old when he died.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Esau, flood, Jacob Noah, people group)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H347, G2492

Joel

Names :: Joel

Facts:

Joel was a prophet who probably lived during the reign of King Joash of Judah. There were also several other men in the Old Testament named Joel.

The book of Joel is one of twelve short prophetic books in the last section of the Old Testament.
The only personal information we have about the prophet Joel is that his father’s name was Pethuel.
In his sermon at Pentecost, the apostle Peter quoted from the book of Joel.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Joash, Judah, Pentecost)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3100, G2493

John Mark

Names :: John Mark

Facts:

John Mark, also known as “Mark,” was one of the men who traveled with Paul on his missionary journeys. He is most likely the author of the Gospel of Mark.

John Mark accompanied his cousin Barnabas and Paul on their first missionary journey.
When Peter was put in prison in Jerusalem, the believers there were praying for him at John Mark’s mother’s house.
Mark was not an apostle, but was taught by both Paul and Peter and worked together with them in ministry.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Barnabas, Paul)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2491, G3138

Jonah

Names :: Jonah

Definition:

Jonah was a Hebrew prophet in the Old Testament.

The book of Jonah tells the story of what happened when God sent Jonah to preach to the people of Nineveh.
Jonah refused to go to Nineveh and instead got on a ship headed for a Tarshish.
God caused a huge storm to overwhelm that ship.
Jonah told the men sailing the ship that he was running away from God, and he suggested that they throw him into the sea. When they did that, the storm stopped and the sailors offered a sacrifice to Yahweh.
Jonah was swallowed by a huge fish, and he was inside the belly of that fish for three days and nights.
After that, Jonah went to Nineveh and preached to the people there, and the people stopped acting so violently toward others.
Jonah became angry at God for not destroying Nineveh, and God used a plant and a worm to teach Jonah a lesson about compassion.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: disobey, Nineveh, turn)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3124, G2495

Jonathan

Names :: Jonathan

Facts:

Jonathan was the name of at least ten men in the Old Testament. The name means “Yahweh has given.”

David’s best friend, Jonathan, is the most well-known Jonathan in the Bible with this name. This Jonathan was King Saul’s oldest son.
Other Jonathans mentioned in the Old Testament include a descendant of Moses; a nephew of King David; several priests, including a son of Abiathar; and an Old Testament scribe in whose house the prophet Jeremiah was imprisoned.

(See also: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abiathar, David, Moses, Jeremiah, priest, Saul (OT), scribe)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3083, H3129

Joppa

Names :: Joppa

Facts:

In biblical times, the city of Joppa was an important commercial seaport located on the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Plain of Sharon.

The ancient site of Joppa was located in the same place as the present-day city of Jaffa, which has now become incorporated into the city of Tel Aviv.
In the Old Testament, Joppa was the city where Jonah got on a boat that was going to Tarshish.
In the New Testament, a Christian woman named Tabitha died in Joppa, and Peter raised her back to life.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: the sea, Jerusalem, Sharon, Tarshish)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3305, G2445

Joram

Names :: Joram

Facts:

Joram son of Ahab was a king of Israel. He was also sometimes referred to as “Jehoram.”

King Joram of Israel reigned at the same time as King Jehoram of Judah.
Joram was an evil king who worshiped false gods and caused Israel to sin.
King Joram of Israel also reigned during the time of the prophets Elijah and Obadiah.
Another man named Joram was the son of King Tou of Hamath when David was king.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahab, David, Elijah, Hamath, Jehoram, kingdom of Israel, Judah, Obadiah, prophet)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3088, H3141, G2496

Josiah

Names :: Josiah

Facts:

Josiah was a godly king who reigned over the kingdom of Judah for thirty-one years. He led the people of Judah to repent and worship Yahweh.

After his father King Amon was killed, Josiah became king over Judah at eight years of age.
In the eighteenth year of his reign, King Josiah ordered Hilkiah the high priest to rebuild the temple of the Lord. While this was being done, the books of the Law were found.
When the books of the Law were read to Josiah, he was grieved at how his people were disobeying God. He ordered that all the places of idol worship be destroyed and that the priests of the false gods be killed.
He also ordered the people to start celebrating the Passover feast again.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: false god, Judah, law, Passover, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2977, G2502

Jotham

Names :: Jotham

Definition:

In the Old Testament, there were three men with the name Jotham.

One man named Jotham was the youngest son of Gideon. Jotham helped defeat his older brother Abimelech, who had killed all the rest of their brothers.
Another man named Jotham was a king over Judah for sixteen years following the death of his father Uzziah (Azariah).
Like his father, King Jotham obeyed God and was a good king.
However, by not removing the places of idol worship he caused the people of Judah to later turn away from God again.
Jotham is also one of the ancestors listed in the genealogy of Jesus Christ in the book of Matthew.

(See also: Abimelech, Ahaz, Gideon, Uzziah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3147

Judah

Names :: Judah

Facts:

Judah was Jacob’s fourth son. He was Leah’s fourth son. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

The tribe descended from him was known as the “tribe of Judah” or “Judah.”
His name sounds similar to the Hebrew word meaning “praise.”
The tribe of Judah settled in the southern part of Canaan, including the mountainous area to the south of the city of Jerusalem. When used as the name of a region of land, the term “Judah” refers to the land given to the tribe of Judah.
In the Old Testament, the name Judah is sometimes used to refer to the whole southern kingdom of Israel (similar to how the name Ephraim is sometimes used to refer to the whole northern kingdom).
King David, King Solomon, and all the kings of the southern kingdom were descendants of Judah. Jesus, too, was a descendant of Judah.
The words “Jew” and “Judea” come from the name “Judah.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3063

Judas son of James

Names :: Judas son of James

Facts:

Judas son of James was one of Jesus’ twelve apostles. Note that he was not the same man as Judas Iscariot.

Often in the Bible, men with the same name were distinguished by mentioning whose son they were. Here, Judas was identified as the “son of James.”
Another man named Judas was Jesus’ brother. He was also known as “Jude.”
The New Testament book called “Jude” was probably written by Jesus’ brother Judas, since the author identified himself as the “brother of James.” James was another brother of Jesus.
It is also possible that the book of Jude was written by Jesus’ disciple, Judas, the son of James.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2455

Judea, Judah

Names :: Judea, Judah

Facts:

The term “Judea” refers to an area of land in ancient Israel. It is sometimes used in a narrow sense and other times in a broad sense.

Sometimes “Judea” is used in a narrow sense to refer only to the province located in the southern part of ancient Israel just west of the Dead Sea. Some translations call this province “Judah.”
Other times “Judea” has a broad sense and refers to all the provinces of ancient Israel, including Galilee, Samaria, Perea, Idumea and Judea (Judah).
If translators want to make the distinction clear, the broad sense of Judea could be translated as “Judea Country” and the narrow sense could be translated as “Judea Province,” or “Judah Province” since this is the part of ancient Israel where the tribe of Judah had originally lived.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Galilee, Edom, Judah, Judah, Samaria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2453

Kadesh, Kadesh-Barnea, Meribah Kadesh

Names :: Kadesh, Kadesh-Barnea, Meribah Kadesh

Facts:

The names Kadesh, Kadesh-Barnea, and Meribah Kadesh all refer to an important city in Israel’s history which was located in the southern part of Israel, near the region of Edom.

The city of Kadesh was an oasis, a place where there was water and fertile soil in the middle of a desert named Zin.
Moses sent twelve spies into the land of Canaan from Kadesh Barnea.
Israel also encamped at Kadesh during the wandering in the wilderness.
Kadesh Barnea was where Miriam died.
It was at Meribah Kadesh where Moses disobeyed God and hit a rock to get water for the Israelites, instead of speaking to it as God had told him to do.
The name “kadesh” comes from the Hebrew word meaning “holy” or “set apart.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: desert, Edom, holy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4809, H6946, H6947

Kedar

Names :: Kedar

Facts:

Kedar was Ishmael’s second son. It was also an important city, which was probably named after the man.

The city of Kedar is located in the northern part of Arabia near the southern border of Palestine. In Bible times, it was known for its greatness and beauty.
The descendants of Kedar formed a large people group that is also called “Kedar.”
The phrase “dark tents of Kedar” refers to the black goathair tents the people of Kedar lived in.
These people raised sheep and goats. They also used camels for transporting things.
In the Bible, the phrase “the glory of Kedar” refers to the greatness of that city and its people.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Arabia, goat, Ishmael, sacrifice)

Bible References:

Song of Solomon 1:5

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6938

Kedesh

Names :: Kedesh

Facts:

Kedesh was a Canaanite city that was taken over by the Israelites when they entered the land of Canaan.

This city was located in the northern part of Israel, in the portion of land that was given to the tribe of Naphtali.
Kedesh was one of the cities that was chosen as a place where the Levite priests could live, since they did not have any land of their own.
It was also set apart as a “city of refuge.”

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6943, H7191

Kerethites

Names :: Kerethites

Facts:

The Kerethites were a people group who were probably part of the Philistines. Some versions write this name as “Cherethites.”

The “Kerethites and Pelethites” were a special group of soldiers from King David’s army who were especially devoted to him as his bodyguards.
Benaiah, son of Jehoiada, a member of David’s administrative corps, was the leader of the Kerethites and Pelethites.
The Kerethites remained with David when he had to flee Jerusalem because of Absalom’s revolt.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Absalom, Benaiah, David, Philistines)

Bible References:

Zephaniah 2:5

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3774

Kidron Valley

Names :: Kidron Valley

Facts:

The Kidron Valley is a deep valley just outside the city of Jerusalem, between its eastern wall and the Mount of Olives.

The valley is over 1,000 meters deep and about 32 kilometers long.
When King David was fleeing from his son Absalom, he went through the Kidron Valley to get to the Mount of Olives.
King Josiah and King Asa of Judah ordered that the high places and altars of false gods be smashed and burned; the ashes were thrown into the Kidron Valley.
During the reign of King Hezekiah, the Kidron Valley was where the priests threw everything impure that they removed from the temple.
The evil queen Athaliah was killed in this valley because of the wicked things she had done.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

John 18:1

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5674, H6939, G2748, G5493

Korah, Korahite

Names :: Korah, Korahite

Definition:

Korah was the name of three men in the Old Testament.

Korah was a descendant of Levi and so served in the tabernacle as a priest. He became jealous of Moses and Aaron and led a group of men to rebel against them.
One of the sons of Esau was named Korah. He became a leader in his community.
A third man named Korah is listed as a descendant of Judah.

(See also: Aaron, authority, Caleb, descendant, Esau, Judah, priest)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7141

Laban

Names :: Laban

Facts:

In the Old Testament, Laban was the uncle and father-in-law of Jacob.

Jacob lived with Laban’s household in Padan Aram and managed his sheep and goats as a condition of marriage to Laban’s daughters.
Jacob’s preference was for Laban’s daughter Rachel to be his wife.
Laban deceived Jacob and made him marry his oldest daughter Leah first before giving Rachel to him as his wife.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Jacob, Nahor, Leah, Rachel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3837

Lamech

Names :: Lamech

Facts:

Lamech was the name of two men mentioned in the book of Genesis.

The first Lamech mentioned was a descendant of Cain. He boasted to his two wives that he had killed a man for injuring him.
The second Lamech was a descendant of Seth. He was also the father of Noah.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Cain, Noah, Seth)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3929, G2984

Leah

Names :: Leah

Facts:

Leah was one of Jacob’s wives. She was the older sister of Rachel and the mother of six of Jacob’s sons: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun. She was also the mother of Jacob’s daughter Dinah.

The book of Genesis tells the story of how Leah’s father Laban tricked Jacob into marrying her before marrying Rachel.
God abundantly blessed Leah by giving her many children, even though her husband Jacob loved Rachel more than her.
Leah is the ancestral mother of both King David and Jesus.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3812

Lebanon

Names :: Lebanon

Facts:

Lebanon is a beautiful mountainous region located along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, north of Israel. In Bible times this region was thickly wooded with fir trees, such as cedar and cypress.

King Solomon sent workers to Lebanon to harvest cedar trees for use in building God’s temple.
Ancient Lebanon was inhabited by Phoenician people, who were skilled builders of ships that were used for a successful trading industry.
The cities of Tyre and Sidon were located in Lebanon. It was in these cities that a valuable purple dye was first used.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: cedar, cypress, fir, Phoenicia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3844

Levi, Levite

Names :: Levi, Levite

Definition:

Levi was Jacob’s third son. He was Leah’s third son. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

The tribe descended from him was known as the “tribe of Levi” or the “Levites.”
The name Levi is similar to the Hebrew word for “join to.”
Unlike the other tribes, the tribe of Levi did not inherit a unified area of land in Canaan. Instead, they inherited various cities scattered throughout the regions belonging to the other tribes.
The tribe of Levi was responsible for taking care of the tabernacle (and later, the temple) and conducting religious rituals, including offering sacrifices and prayers for the Israelite people.
In the Old Testament, it is not always clear whether the term “Levite” refers generally to a descendant of Levi or specifically to a person who served in the temple helping the priests.
The Old Testament law prescribed that all priests were to be chosen from the tribe of Levi. The Levite priests were set apart and dedicated for the special work of serving God in the temple.
Two other men named “Levi” were ancestors of Jesus. Their names are listed in the genealogy in the gospel of Luke.
Jesus’ disciple Matthew was also called Levi.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3878, H3879, H3881, G3017, G3018, G3019, G3020

Leviathan

Names :: Leviathan

Facts:

The term “Leviathan” refers to a very large, extinct animal mentioned in the earliest writings of the Old Testament, the books of Job, Psalms, and Isaiah.

Leviathan is described as a large, snake-like creature, strong and fierce and able to make the water around it “boil.” The descriptions of it were similar to that of a dinosaur.
Isaiah the prophet refered to Leviathan as “the gliding serpent”.
Job wrote from firsthand knowledge of Leviathan, so the animal was most likely alive during his lifetime.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Isaiah, Job, serpent)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3882

Lot

Names :: Lot

Facts:

Lot was Abraham’s nephew.

He was the son of Abraham’s brother Haran.
Lot traveled with Abraham to the land of Canaan and settled in the city of Sodom.
Lot was the ancestor of the Moabites and Ammonites.
When enemy kings attacked Sodom and captured Lot, Abraham came with several hundred men to rescue Lot and recover his belongings.
The people living in the city of Sodom were very wicked, so God destroyed that city. But he first told Lot and his family to leave the city so that that they could escape.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Ammon, Haran, Moab, Sodom)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3876, G3091

Luke

Names :: Luke

Facts:

Luke wrote two books of the New Testament: the gospel of Luke and the book of Acts.

In his letter to the Colossians, Paul refers to Luke as a doctor. Paul also mentions Luke in two of his other letters.
It is thought that Luke was a Greek and a Gentile who came to know Christ. In his gospel, Luke includes several accounts that highlight Jesus’ love for all peoples, both Jews and Gentiles.
Luke accompanied Paul on two of his missionary journeys and helped him in his work.
In some early church writings, it is said that Luke was born in the city of Antioch in Syria.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Antioch, Paul, Syria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3065

Lystra

Names :: Lystra

Facts:

Lystra was a city in ancient Asia Minor that Paul visited on one of his missionary journeys. It was located in the region of Lycaonia, which is now in the modern-day country of Turkey.

Paul and his companions escaped to Derbe and Lystra when they were threatened by the Jews in Iconium.
In Lystra, Paul met Timothy, who became a fellow evangelist and church planter.
After Paul healed a crippled man in Lystra, the people there tried to worship Paul and Barnabas as gods, but the apostles rebuked them and stopped them from doing that.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: evangelist, Iconium, Timothy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3082

Maacah

Names :: Maacah

Facts:

Maacah (or Maakah) was one of the sons of Abraham’s brother Nahor. Other people in the Old Testament also had this name.

The city of Maacah or Beth Maacah was located in the far north of Israel, in the region occupied by the tribe of Naphtali.
It was an important city and was attacked by enemies on several occasions.
Maacah was the name of several women, including the mother of David’s son Absalom.
King Asa removed his grandmother Maacah from being queen because she had promoted Asherah worship.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Asa, Asherah, Nahor, Naphtali, twelve tribes of Israel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4601

Macedonia

Names :: Macedonia

Facts:

In New Testament times, Macedonia was a Roman province located just north of ancient Greece.

Some important Macedonian cities mentioned in the Bible were Berea, Philippi and Thessalonica.
Through a vision, God told Paul to preach the gospel to the people in Macedonia.
Paul and his coworkers went to Macedonia and taught the people there about Jesus and helped the new believers to grow in their faith.
In the Bible there are letters that Paul wrote to the believers in the Macedonian cities of Philippi and Thessalonica.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: believe, Berea, faith, good news, Greece, Philippi, Thessalonica)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3109, G3110

Maker

Names :: Maker

Facts:

In general, a “maker” is someone who creates or makes things.

In the Bible, the term “Maker” is sometimes used as a name or title for Yahweh, because he created everything.
Usually this term is combined with “his” or “my” or “your.”

Translation Suggestions:

The term “Maker” can be translated as “the Creator” or “God who creates” or “the One who made everything.”
The phrase “his Maker” could also be translated as “the One who created him” or “God, who created him.”
The phrases “your Maker” and “my Maker” could be translated in a similar way.

(See also: How to Translate Names

(See also: create, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Hosea 8:13-14

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3335, H6213, H6466

Malachi

Names :: Malachi

Facts:

Malachi was one of God’s prophets to the kingdom of Judah. He lived around 500 years before Christ was on earth.

Malachi prophesied during the period when Israel’s temple was being rebuilt after returning from the Babylonian captivity.
Ezra and Nehemiah lived around the same time as Malachi.
The book of Malachi is the last book of the Old Testament.
Like all the Old Testament prophets, Malachi urged the people to repent of their sins and to turn back to worshiping Yahweh.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, captive, Ezra, Judah, Nehemiah, prophet, repent, turn)

Bible References:

Malachi 1:1

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4401

Manasseh

Names :: Manasseh

Facts:

Manasseh was the older son of Joseph. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

The name Manasseh is similar to the the Hebrew word meaning “to forget.”
The tribe of Manasseh was often called the “half-tribe of Manasseh” because only part of the tribe settled in the land of Canaan, on the west side of the Jordan River. The other part of the tribe settled on the east side of the Jordan.
One of the kings of Judah was also named Manasseh. King Manasseh was an evil king who sacrificed his own children as burnt offerings to false gods.
God punished King Manasseh by allowing him to be captured by an enemy army. Manasseh turned back to God and destroyed the altars where idols were worshiped.
Three other men named Manasseh are mentioned in the Old Testament. One of them was the grandfather of some Danites who were priests for false gods. The other two were men who lived during the time of Ezra and were required to divorce their pagan wives, who had influenced them to worship false gods.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Joseph, Ephraim, twelve tribes of Israel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4519, H4520, G3128

Martha

Names :: Martha

Facts:

Martha was a woman from Bethany who followed Jesus.

Martha had a sister named Mary and a brother named Lazarus, who also followed Jesus.
One time when Jesus was visiting them in their home, Martha was distracted by meal preparation while her sister Mary sat and listened to Jesus teach.
When Lazarus died, Martha told Jesus that she believed that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Lazarus, Mary (sister of Martha))

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3136

Mary (sister of Martha)

Names :: Mary (sister of Martha)

Facts:

Mary was a women from Bethany who followed Jesus.

Mary had a sister named Martha and a brother named Lazarus who also followed Jesus.
One time Jesus said that Mary had chosen what was best when she chose to listen to him teach rather than being anxious about preparing him a meal as Martha was.
Jesus brought Mary’s brother Lazarus back to life.
Sometime after that, while Jesus was eating in someone’s home in Bethany, Mary poured expensive perfume on his feet in order to worship him.
Jesus praised her for doing this and said that she was preparing his body for burial.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Bethany, frankincense, Lazarus, Martha)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3137

Mary Magdalene

Names :: Mary Magdalene

Facts:

Mary Magdalene was one of several women who believed in Jesus and followed him in his ministry. She was known as the one whom Jesus had healed from seven demons who had controlled her.

Mary Magdalene and some other women helped support Jesus and his apostles by giving to them.
She is also mentioned as one of the women who were the first to see Jesus after he rose from the dead.
As Mary Magdalene stood outside the empty tomb, she saw Jesus standing there and he told her to go tell the other disciples that he was alive again.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: demon, demon-possessed)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3094, G3137

Matthew, Levi

Names :: Matthew, Levi

Facts:

Matthew was one of the twelve men that Jesus chose to be his apostles. He was also known as Levi, son of Alpheus.

Levi (Matthew) was a tax-collector from Capernaum before he met Jesus.
Matthew wrote the gospel that bears his name.
There are several other men named Levi in the Bible.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: apostle, Levite, tax collector)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3017, G3156

Mede, Medes, Media

Names :: Mede, Medes, Media

Facts:

Media was an ancient empire located east of Assyria and Babylonia, and north of Elam and Persia. The people who lived in the empire of Media were called “Medes.”

The Media empire covered parts of what are present-day Turkey, Iran, Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan.
The Medes were closely associated with the Persians and the two empires joined forces to conquer the Babylonian empire.
Babylonia was invaded by Darius the Mede during the time that the prophet Daniel was living there.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Assyria, Babylon, Cyrus, Daniel, Darius, Elam, Persia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4074, H4075, H4076, H4077, G3370

Melchizedek

Names :: Melchizedek

Facts:

During the time when Abram lived, Melchizedek was the king of the city of Salem (later “Jerusalem”)

Melchizedek’s name means “king of righteousness” and his title “king of Salem” means “king of peace.”
He was also called a “priest of God Most High.”
Melchizedek is first mentioned in the Bible when he served Abram bread and wine after Abram rescued his nephew Lot from powerful kings. Abram gave Melchizedek one-tenth of the plunder from his victory.
In the New Testament, Melchizedek is described as someone who had no father or mother. He was called a priest and king who will reign forever.
The New Testament also says that Jesus is a priest according to the priestly “order of Melchizedek.” Jesus was not descended from Levi as the Israelite priests were. His priesthood is directly from God, as Melchizedek’s was.
Based on these descriptions of him in the Bible, Melchizedek was a human priest who was also chosen by God to represent or point forward to Jesus, the eternal king of peace and righteousness and our great high priest.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4442, G3198

Memphis

Names :: Memphis

Definition:

Memphis was an ancient capital city in Egypt, along the Nile River.

Memphis was located in Lower Egypt, just south of the Nile River delta, where the soil was very fertile and crops were plentiful.
Its fertile soil and important location between Upper and Lower Egypt caused Memphis to become a major city of trade and commerce.

(Translation suggestions: Translating Names

(See also: Egypt, Nile River)

Bible References:

Hosea 9:6

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4644, H5297

Meshech

Names :: Meshech

Facts:

Meshech is the name of two men in the Old Testament.

One Meshech was a son of Japheth.
The other Meshech was a grandson of Shem.
Meshech was also the name of a region of land, which was probably named after one of these men.
The region of Meshech may have been located in part of what is now the country of Turkey.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Japheth, Noah, Shem)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4851, H4902

Mesopotamia, Aram Naharaim

Names :: Mesopotamia, Aram Naharaim

Facts:

Mesopotamia is the area of land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Its location is in the region of the modern day country of Iraq.

In the Old Testament, this region was called “Aram Naharaim.”
The word “Mesopotamia” means “between rivers.” The phrase “Aram Naharaim” means “Aram of two rivers.”
Abraham lived in the Mesopotamian cities of Ur and Haran before moving on to the land of Canaan.
Babylon was another important city in Mesopotamia.
The region called “Chaldea” was also part of Mesopotamia.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Aram, Babylon, Chaldea, Euphrates River)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H763, G3318

Micah

Names :: Micah

Facts:

Micah was a prophet of Judah around 700 years before Christ, when the prophet Isaiah was also ministering to Judah. Another man named Micah lived during the time of the judges.

The book of Micah is near the end of the Old Testament.
Micah prophesied about the destruction of Samaria by the Assyrians.
Micah rebuked the people of Judah for disobeying God and warned them that their enemies would attack them.
His prophecy ends with a message of hope in God, who is faithful and saves his people.
In the book of Judges, the story is told of a man named Micah living in Ephraim who made an idol out of silver. A young Levite priest who came to live with him stole the idol and other things, and took off with a group of Danites. Eventually the Danites and the priest settled in the city of Laish and they set up that same silver idol to worship.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Assyria, Dan, Ephraim, false god, Isaiah, Judah, judge, Levite, priest, prophet, Samaria, silver)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4318

Michael

Names :: Michael

Facts:

Michael is the chief of all God’s holy, obedient angels. He is the only angel who is specifically referred to as the “archangel” of God.

The term “archangel” literally means “chief angel” or “ruling angel.”
Michael is a warrior who fights against God’s enemies and protects God’s people.
He led the Israelites in fighting against the Persian army. In the end times he will lead the armies of Israel in the final battle against the forces of evil, as foretold in Daniel.
There are also several men in the Bible with the name Michael. Several men are identified as being the “son of Michael”

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: angel, Daniel, messenger, Persia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4317, G3413

Miriam

Names :: Miriam

Facts:

Miriam was the older sister of Aaron and Moses.

When she was young, Miriam was instructed by her mother to watch over her baby brother Moses who was in a basket among the reeds of the Nile River. When the pharaoh’s daughter found the baby and needed someone to take care of him for her, Miriam brought her mother to do it.
Miriam led the Israelites in a dance of joy and thanksgiving after they had escaped from the Egyptians by crossing the Red Sea.
Years later as the Israelites were wandering in the desert, Miram and Aaron began speaking badly about Moses because he had married a Cushite woman.
Because of her rebellion in speaking against Moses, God caused Miriam to become sick with leprosy. But later God healed her when Moses interceded for her.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Aaron, Cush, intercede, Moses, Nile River, Pharaoh, rebel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4813

Mishael

Names :: Mishael

Facts:

Mishael is the name of three men in the Old Testament.

One man named Mishael was a cousin of Aaron. When two of Aaron’s sons were killed by God after they offered incense in a away that did not follow what God had told them to do, Mishael and his brother were given the task of carrying the dead bodies outside the Israelite camp.
Another man named Mishael stood beside Ezra when he publicly read the rediscovered law.
During the time when the people of Israel were in exile in Babylon, a young man named Mishael was also captured and forced to live in Babylon. The Babylonians gave him the name, “Meshach.” He, along with his companions, Azariah (Shadrach) and Hananiah (Abednego), refused to worship the king’s statue and were thrown into a fiery furnace.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Aaron, Azariah, Babylon, Daniel, Hananiah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4332, H4333

Mizpah

Names :: Mizpah

Facts:

Mizpah is the name of several towns mentioned in the Old Testament. It means “look-out point” or “watchtower.”

When David was being pursued by Saul, he left his parents in Mizpah, under the protection of the king of Moab.
One city called Mizpah was located on the border between the kingdoms of Judah and Israel. It was a major military center.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: David, Judah, kingdom of Israel, Moab, Saul (OT))

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4708, H4709

Moab, Moabite

Names :: Moab, Moabite

Facts:

The term “Moab” refers to a people group that lived to the east of the Salt Sea. The book of Genesis describes this people group as the descendents of a man named “Moab,” who was the son of Lot’s elder daughter.

In the book of Ruth, Elimelek and his family went to live in Moab because of the famine around Bethlehem.
Ruth is called a “Moabite woman” because she was born in the country of Moab and was from that people group.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Bethlehem, Judea, Lot, Ruth, Salt Sea)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4124, H4125

Molech, Moloch

Names :: Molech, Moloch

Facts:

Molech was the name of one of the false gods that the Canaanites worshiped. Other spellings are “Moloch” and “Molek.”

People who worshiped Molech sacrificed their children to him by means of fire.
Some of the Israelites also worshiped Molech instead of the one true God, Yahweh. They followed the evil practices of Molech worshipers, including sacrificing their children.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, evil, false god, God, false god, sacrifice, true, worship, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4428, H4432, G3434

Mordecai

Names :: Mordecai

Facts:

Mordecai was a Jewish man living in the country of Persia. He was the guardian of his cousin Esther, who later became the wife of the Persian king, Ahasuerus.

While working at the royal palace, Mordecai overheard men plotting together to kill King Ahasuerus. He reported this and the king’s life was saved.
Some time later, Mordecai also found out about a plan to kill all the Jews in the kingdom of Persia. He advised Esther to appeal to the king to save her people.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahasuerus, Babylon, Esther, Persia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4782

Mount Hermon

Names :: Mount Hermon

Facts:

Mount Hermon is the name of the tallest mountain in Israel at the southern tip of the Lebanon mountain range.

It is located north of the Sea of Galilee, at the northern border between Israel and Syria.
Other names given to Mount Hermon by other people groups were “Mount Sirion” and “Mount Senir.”
Mount Hermon has three major peaks. The tallest peak is around 2,800 meters high.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Israel, Sea of Galilee, Syria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2022, H2768, H2769, H8149

Mount of Olives

Names :: Mount of Olives

Definition:

The Mount of Olives is a mountain or large hill located near the east side of the city of Jerusalem. It is about 787 meters high.

In the Old Testament, this mountain is sometimes referred to as “the mountain that is east of Jerusalem.”
The New Testament records several occasions when Jesus and his disciples went to the Mount of Olives to pray and rest.
Jesus was arrested in the Garden of Gethsemane, which is located on the Mount of Olives.
This could also be translated as “Olive Hill” or “Olive Tree Mountain.”

(See also: Translate Names

(See also: Gethsemane, olive)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2022, H2132, G3735, G1636

Nahor

Names :: Nahor

Facts:

Nahor was the name of two relatives of Abraham, his grandfather and his brother.

Abraham’s brother Nahor was the grandfather of Isaac’s wife Rebekah.
The phrase “city of Nahor” could mean “the city named Nahor” or “the city where Nahor had lived” or “Nahor’s city.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Rebekah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5152, G3493

Nahum

Names :: Nahum

Facts:

Nahum was a prophet who preached during the time when the evil King Manasseh was ruling over Judah.

Nahum was from the town of Elkosh, which was about 20 miles from Jerusalem.
The Old Testament book of Nahum records his prophecies about the destruction of the Assyrian city of Nineveh.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Assyria, Manasseh, prophet, Nineveh)

Bible References:

Nahum 1:1

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5151, G3486

Naphtali

Names :: Naphtali

Facts:

Naphtali was Jacob’s sixth son. He was Bilhah’s second son. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

The tribe descended from him was known as the “tribe of Naphtali” or “Naphtali” or “Naphtalites.”
The name Naphtali is similar to the Hebrew word meaning “to twist, wrestle.”
The tribe of Naphtali settled in the northern part of Canaan, between the tribes of Manassah and Asher. Its eastern border was on the western shoreline of the Sea of Chinnereth. When used as the name of a region of land, the term “Naphtali” refers to the land given to the tribe of Naphtali.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: twelve tribes of Israel, Jacob, Bilhah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5321, G3508

Negev

Names :: Negev

Facts:

The Negev is a desert region in the southern part of Israel, southwest of the Salt Sea.

The original word means “the South,” and some English versions translate it this way.
It could be that the “South” is not located where the Negev Desert is today.
When Abraham lived in the city of Kadesh, he was in the Negev or southern region.
Isaac was living in the Negev when Rebekah traveled to meet him and become his wife.
The Jewish tribes of Judah and Simeon lived in this southern region.
The largest city in the Negev region was Beersheba.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Beersheba, Israel, Judah, Kadesh, Salt Sea, Simeon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5045, H6160

Nehemiah

Names :: Nehemiah

Facts:

Nehemiah was an Israelite forced to move to the Babylonian empire when the people of Israel and Judah were taken captive by the Babylonians.

While he was the cupbearer to the Persian king, Artaxerxes, Nehemiah asked the king for permission to return to Jerusalem.
Nehemiah led the Israelites in rebuilding the walls of Jerusalem which had been destroyed by the Babylonians.
For twelve years Nehemiah was the governor of Jerusalem before returning to the king’s palace.
The Old Testament book of Nehemiah tells the story of Nehemiah’s work in rebuilding the walls and his governing of the people in Jerusalem.
There were also other men named Nehemiah in the Old Testament. Usually the name of the father was added, to distinguish which Nehemiah was being talked about.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Artaxerxes, Babylon, Jerusalem, son)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5166

Nineveh, Ninevite

Names :: Nineveh, Ninevite

Facts:

Nineveh was the capital city of Assyrian empire. A “Ninevite” was a person who lived in Nineveh.

God sent the prophet Jonah to warn the Ninevites to turn from their wicked ways. The people stopped acting so violently and God did not destroy them at that time.
The prophets Nahum and Zephaniah both prophesied that God would destroy Nineveh as judgment for their sin.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Assyria, Jonah, repent, turn)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5210, G3535, G3536

Obadiah

Names :: Obadiah

Facts:

Obadiah was an Old Testament prophet who prophesied against the people of Edom, who were the descendants of Esau. There were also many other men named Obadiah in the Old Testament.

The book of Obadiah is the shortest book in the Old Testament and tells a prophecy that Obadiah received through a vision from God.
It is not clear when Obadiah lived and prophesied. It may have been during the paeriods that Jehoram, Ahaziah, Joash, and Athaliah, reigned in Judah. The prophets Daniel, Ezekiel, and Jeremiah would also have been prophesying during part of this time.
Obadiah may also have lived at a later time period, during the reign of King Zedekiah and the Babylonian captivity.
Other men named Obadiah included a descendant of Sau,; a Gadite who became one of David’s men, a palace administrator for King Ahab, an official of King Jehoshaphat, a man who helped with repairs to the temple during the time of King Josiah, and a Levite who was also a gatekeeper during the time of Nehemiah.
It could be that the writer of the book of Obadiah was one of these men.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahab, Babylon, David, Edom, Esau, Ezekiel, Daniel, Gad, Jehoshaphat, Josiah, Levite, Saul (OT), Zedekiah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5662

Omri

Names :: Omri

Facts:

Omri was an army commander who became the sixth king of Israel.

King Omri reigned for twelve years in the city of Tirzah.
Like all the kings of Israel before him, Omri was a very evil king who led the people of Israel into more idol worship.
Omri was also the father of King Ahab.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ahab, Israel, Jeroboam, Tirzah)

Bible References:

2 Chronicles 22:1-3

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6018

Paddan Aram

Names :: Paddan Aram

Facts:

Paddan Aram was the name of a region where Abraham’s family lived before moving to the land of Canaan. It means “plain of Aram.”

When Abraham left Haran in Paddan Aram to travel to the land of Canaan, most of the rest of his family stayed behind in Haran.
Many years later, Abraham’s servant went to Paddan Aram to find a wife for Isaac among his relatives there and found Rebekah, grand-daughter of Bethuel.
Isaac and Rebekah’s son Jacob also traveled to Paddan Aram and married two daughters of Rebekah’s brother Laban who was living in Haran.
Aram, Paddan-Aram, and Aram-Nahariam were all part of the same region that is now where the modern-day country of Syria is located.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Aram, Bethuel, Canaan, Haran, Jacob, Laban, Rebekah, Syria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6307

Paran

Names :: Paran

Facts:

Paran was a desert or wilderness area east of Egypt and south of the land of Canaan. There was also a Mount Paran, which may have been another name for Mount Sinai.

The slave Hagar and her son Ishmael went to live in the wilderness of Paran after Sarah ordered Abraham to send them away.
When Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt, they passed through the wilderness of Paran.
It was from Kadesh-Barnea in the wilderness of Paran that Moses sent twelve men to spy out the land of Canaan and bring back a report.
The wilderness of Zin was north of Paran and the wilderness of Sin was south of Paran.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, desert, Egypt, Kadesh, Sinai)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H364, H6290

Paul, Saul

Names :: Paul, Saul

Facts:

Paul was a leader of the early church who was sent by Jesus to take the good news to many other people groups.

Paul was a Jew who was born in the Roman city of Tarsus, and was therefore also a Roman citizen.
Paul was originally called by his Jewish name, Saul.
Saul became a Jewish religious leader and arrested Jews who became Christians because he thought they were dishonoring God by believing in Jesus.
Jesus revealed himself to Saul in a blinding light and told him to stop hurting Christians.
Saul believed in Jesus and began teaching his fellow Jews about him.
Later, God sent Saul to teach non-Jewish people about Jesus and started churches in different cities and provinces of the Roman empire. At this time he started being called by the Roman name “Paul.”
Paul also wrote letters to encourage and teach Christians in the churches in these cities. Several of these letters are in the New Testament.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: christian, jewish leaders, rome)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

45:6 A young man named Saul agreed with the people who killed Stephen and guarded their robes while they threw stones at him.
46:1 Saul was the young man who guarded the robes of the men who killed Stephen. He did not believe in Jesus, so he persecuted the believers.
46:2 While Saul was on his way to Damascus, a bright light from heaven shone all around him, and he fell to the ground. Saul heard someone say, “Saul! Saul! Why do you persecute me?”
46:5 So Ananias went to Saul, placed his hands on him, and said, “Jesus who appeared to you on your way here, sent me to you so that you can regain your sight and be filled with the Holy Spirit.” Saul immediately was able to see again, and Ananias baptized him.
46:6 Right away, Saul began preaching to the Jews in Damascus, saying, “Jesus is the Son of God!”
46:9 Barnabas and Saul went there (Antioch) to teach these new believers more about Jesus and to strengthen the church.
47:1 As Saul traveled throughout the Roman Empire, he began to use his Roman name, “Paul.”
47:14 Paul and other Christian leaders traveled to many cities, preaching and teaching people the good news about Jesus.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3972, G4569

Peor, Mount Peor, Baal Peor

Names :: Peor, Mount Peor, Baal Peor

Definition:

The terms “Peor” and “Mount Peor” refer to a mountain located northeast of the Salt Sea, in the region of Moab.

The name “Beth Peor” was the name of a city, probably located on that mountain or near it. This was where Moses died after God showed him the Promised Land.
“Baal Peor” was a false god of the Moabites that they worshiped at Mount Peor. The Israelites also started worshiping this idol and God punished them for it.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Baal, false god, Moab, Salt Sea, worship)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1047, H1187, H6465

Perizzite

Names :: Perizzite

Facts:

The Perizzites were one of several people groups in the land of Canaan. Little is known about this group as to who their ancestors were or what part of Canaan they lived in.

The Perizzites are mentioned most frequently in the Old Testament Book of Judges, where it is recorded that the Perizzites intermarried with the Israelites and influenced them to worship false gods.
Note that the clan of Perez, called the “Perezites,” was a different people group from the Perizzites. It may be necessary to spell the names very differently to make this clear.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, false god)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6522

Persia, Persians

Names :: Persia, Persians

Definition:

Persia was a country that also became a powerful empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. The country of Persia was located southeast of Babylonia and Assyria in a region that is now the modern-day country of Iran.

The people of Persia were called “Persians.”
Under King Cyrus’ decree, the Jews were freed from their captivity in Babylon and allowed to go home, and the temple in Jerusalem was rebuilt, with funds provided by the Persian Empire.
King Artaxerxes was the ruler of the Persian Empire when Ezra and Nehemiah went back to Jerusalem to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem.
Esther became a queen of the Persian empire when she married King Ahasuerus.

(See also: Ahasuerus, Artaxerxes, Assyria, Babylon, Cyrus, Esther, Ezra, Nehemiah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6539, H6540, H6542, H6543

Philip, the apostle

Names :: Philip, the apostle

Facts:

Philip the apostle was one of the original twelve disciples of Jesus. He was from the town of Bethsaida.

Philip brought Nathanael to meet Jesus.
Jesus questioned Philip about how to provide food for a crowd of over 5,000 people.
At the last Passover supper that Jesus ate with his disciples, he talked to them about God, his Father. Philip asked Jesus to show them the Father.
Some languages may prefer to spell this Philip’s name in a different way from the other Philip (the evangelist) to avoid confusion.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Philip)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5376

Philip, the evangelist

Names :: Philip, the evangelist

Facts:

In the early Christian church in Jerusalem, Philip was one of seven leaders chosen to care for the poor and needy Christians, especially the widows.

God used Philip to share the gospel with people in many different towns in the provinces of Judea and Galilee, including an Ethiopian man he met on the desert road to Gaza from Jerusalem.
Years later Philip was living in Caesarea when Paul and his companions stayed at his house on their way back to Jerusalem.
Most Bible scholars think that Philip the evangelist was not the same man as Jesus’ apostle by that name. Some languages may prefer to use slightly different spellings for the names of these two men to make it clear they are different men.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Philip)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5376

Philistia

Names :: Philistia

Definition:

Philistia is the name of a large region in the land of Canaan, located along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.

The region was located along the very fertile coastal plain reaching from Joppa in the north to Gaza in the south. It was about 64 km long and 16 km wide.
Philistia was occupied by the “Philistines,” a powerful people group who were frequent enemies of the Israelites.

(See also: Philistines, Gaza, Joppa)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H776 H6429 H6430

Philistines

Names :: Philistines

Facts:

The Philistines were a people group who occupied a region known as Philistia along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Their name means “people of the sea.”

There were five main Philistine cities: Ashdod, Ashkelon, Ekron, Gath, and Gaza.
The city of Ashdod was in the northern part of Philistia, and the city of Gaza was in the southern part.
The Philistines are probably best known for the many years they were at war against the Israelites.
The judge Samson was a famous warrior against the Philistines, using supernatural strength from God.
King David often led battles against the Philistines, including the time as a youth when he defeated the Philistine warrior, Goliath.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ashdod, Ashkelon, David, Ekron, Gath, Gaza, Goliath, Salt Sea)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6429, H6430

Phinehas

Names :: Phinehas

Facts:

Phineas was the name of two men in the Old Testament.

One of Aaron’s grandsons was a priest named Phinehas, who strongly opposed the worship of false gods in Israel.
Phineas saved the Israelites from a plague that Yahweh had sent to punish them for marrying Midianite women and worshiping their false gods.
On several occasions Phinehas went with the Israelite army to destroy the Midianites.
The other Phinehas mentioned in the Old Testament was one of the evil sons of Eli the priest during the time of the prophet Samuel.
Phinehas and his brother Hophni were both killed when the Philistines attacked Israel and stole the Ark of the Covenant.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6372

Phoenicia, Syrophoenician

Names :: Phoenicia, Syrophoenician

Facts:

In ancient times, Phoenicia was a wealthy nation located in Canaan along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, north of Israel.

Phoenicia occupied an area of land that was in the western region of what is the present-day country of Lebanon.
In New Testament times, the capital of Phoenicia was Tyre. Another important Phoenician city was Sidon. Phoenicia was near Syria, so people from that area were called “Syrophoenician.”
Phoenicians were well-known for their woodworking skills using their country’s plentiful cedar trees, for their production of a costly purple dye, and for their ability to travel and trade by sea. They were also highly skilled boat builders.
One of the earliest alphabets was created by the Phoenician people. Their alphabet was widely used because of their contact with many people groups through trading.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: cedar, purple, Sidon, Tyre)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3667, G4949, G5403

Pontus

Names :: Pontus

Facts:

Pontus was a Roman province during the time of the Roman Empire and the early Church. It was located along the southern coast of the Black Sea, in the northern part of what is now the country of Turkey.

As recorded in the book of Acts, people from the province of Pontus were in Jerusalem when the Holy Spirit first came to the apostles on the Day of Pentecost.
A believer named Aquila was from Pontus.
When Peter was writing to Christians who were scattered into different regions, Pontus was one of the regions he mentioned.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Aquila, Pentecost)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4193, G4195

Potiphar

Names :: Potiphar

Facts:

Potiphar was an important official for the pharaoh of Egypt during the time that Joseph was sold as a slave to some Ishmaelites.

Potiphar bought Joseph from the Ishmaelites and appointed him to be in charge of his household.
When Joseph was falsely accused of doing wrong, Potiphar had Joseph put in prison.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Egypt, Joseph (OT), Pharaoh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6318

Priscilla

Names :: Priscilla

Facts:

Priscilla and her husband Aquila were Jewish Christians who worked with the apostle Paul in his missionary work.

Priscilla and Aquila had left Rome because the emperor had forced the Christians to leave there.
Paul met Aquila and Priscilla in Corinth. They were tentmakers and Paul joined them in this work.
When Paul left Corinth to go to Syria, Priscilla and Aquila went with him.
From Syria, the three of them went to Ephesus. When Paul left Ephesus, Priscilla and Aquila stayed behind and continued the work of preaching the gospel there.
They especially taught a man named Apollos in Ephesus who believed in Jesus and was a gifted speaker and teacher.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: believe, Christian, Corinth, Ephesus, Paul, Rome, Syria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4252, G4251

Rabbah

Names :: Rabbah

Definition:

Rabbah was the most important city of the Ammonite people.

In battles against the Ammonites, the Israelites often attacked Rabbah.
Israel’s King David captured Rabbah as one of his last conquests.
The modern-day city Amman Jordan is now where Rabbah used to be located.

(See also: Ammon, David)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7237

Rachel

Names :: Rachel

Facts:

Rachel was one of Jacob’s wives. She was the mother of Joseph and Benjamin, whose descendants became three of the twelve tribes of Israel.

Rachel and her sister Leah were the daughters of Laban, Jacob’s uncle.
For many years, Rachel was not able to have any children. Then God enabled her to give birth to Joseph.
Years later, Rachel died as she gave birth to Benjamin. Jacob buried her near Bethlehem.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7354, G4478

Ramah

Names :: Ramah

Facts:

Ramah was an ancient Israelite city located about 8 km from Jerusalem. It was in the region where the tribe of Benjamin lived.

Ramah was where Rachel died after giving birth to Benjamin.
When the Israelites were taken captive to Babylon, they were first brought to Ramah before being moved to Babylon.
Ramah was the home of Samuel’s mother and father.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Benjamin, twelve tribes of Israel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7414, G4471

Ramoth

Names :: Ramoth

Facts:

Ramoth was an important city in the mountains of Gilead near the Jordan River. It was also called Ramoth Gilead.

Ramoth belonged to the Israelite tribe of Gad and was designated as a city of refuge.
King Ahab of Israel and King Jehoshaphat of Judah waged war against the king of Aram at Ramoth. Ahab was killed in that battle.
Sometime later, King Ahaziah and King Joram tried to take the city of Ramoth from the king of Aram.
Ramoth Gilead was where Jehu was anointed king over Israel.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahab, Ahaziah, Aram, Gad, Jehoshaphat, Jehu, Joram, Jordan River, Judah, refuge)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7216, H7418, H7433

Reuben

Names :: Reuben

Facts:

Reuben was Jacob’s first son. He was Leah’s first son. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

The tribe descended from him was known as the tribe of Reuben or the Reubenites.
In Hebrew, the name Reuben means “Look, a son!”
The tribe of Reuben settled on the eastern side of the Jordan River along with the tribe of Gad and half the tribe of Manasseh.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: twelve tribes of Israel, Jacob, Leah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7205, H7206, G4502

Rimmon

Names :: Rimmon

Facts:

Rimmon was the name of a man and of several places mentioned in the Bible. It was also the name of a false god.

A man named Rimmon was a Benjamite from the city of Beeroth in Zebulun. This man’s sons murdered Ishbosheth, the crippled son of Jonathan.
Rimmon was a town in the southern part of Judah, in the region occupied by the tribe of Benjamin.
The “rock of Rimmon” was a place of safety where the Benjamites went to escape from being killed in a battle.
Rimmon Perez was an unknown location in the Judean wilderness.
The Syrian commander Naaman spoke of the temple of the false god Rimmon, where the king of Syria worshiped.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Benjamin, Judea, Naaman, Syria, Zebulun)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7417

Ruth

Names :: Ruth

Facts:

Ruth was a Moabite woman who lived during the time when judges were leading Israel. In Moab, she married an Israelite man named Mahlon after his family had moved there because of a famine in Israel. Mahlon died, and some time after that she left Moab with her mother-in-law Naomi to return to the city of Bethlehem in Israel.

Ruth was loyal to Naomi and worked hard to provide food for her.
She also committed herself to serving the one true God of Israel.
Ruth married an Israelite man named Boaz and gave birth to a son named Obed. Obed became the grandfather of King David, and King David was an ancestor of Jesus.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Bethlehem, Boaz, David, judge)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7327, G4503

Salt Sea, Dead Sea

Names :: Salt Sea, Dead Sea

Facts:

The Salt Sea (also called the Dead Sea) was located between southern Israel on its west and Moab on its east.

The Jordan River flows south into the Salt Sea.
Because it is smaller than most seas, it could be called “Salt Lake.”
This sea has such a high concentration of minerals (or “salts”) that nothing can live in its waters. Its lack of plants and animals is the cause of the name “Dead Sea.”
In the Old Testament, this sea is also called the “Sea of Arabah” and the “Sea of Negev” because of its location near the regions of Arabah and Negev.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ammon, Arabah, Jordan River, Moab, Negev)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3220, H4417

Samson

Names :: Samson

Facts:

Samson was one of the judges, or deliverers, of Israel. He was from the tribe of Dan.

God gave Samson superhuman strength, which he used to fight against Israel’s enemies, the Philistines.
Samson was put under a vow to never cut his hair and to never drink wine or any other fermented drink. As long as he kept this vow, God continued to give him strength.
He finally broke his vow and allowed his hair to be cut, enabling the Philistines to capture him.
While Samson was in captivity, God enabled him to regain his strength and gave him the opportunity to destroy the temple of the false god Dagon, along with many Philistines.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8123, G4546

Samuel

Names :: Samuel

Facts:

Samuel was a prophet and the last judge of Israel. He anointed both Saul and David as kings over Israel.

Samuel was born to Elkanah and Hannah in the town of Ramah.
Hannah had been barren, so she had prayed earnestly that God would give her a son. Samuel was the answer to that prayer.
Hannah promised that if, in answer to her desperate prayer that God would give her a male child, her request was granted, she would dedicate her son to Yahweh.
To fulfill her promise to God, when Samuel was a young boy, Hannah sent him to live with and help Eli the priest in the temple.
God raised up Samuel to be a great prophet.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Hannah, judge, prophet, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8050, G4545

Sea of Galilee, Sea of Kinnereth, lake of Gennesaret, Sea of Tiberias

Names :: Sea of Galilee, Sea of Kinnereth, lake of Gennesaret, Sea of Tiberias

Facts:

The “Sea of Galilee” is a lake in eastern Israel. In the Old Testament it was called the “Sea of Kinnereth.”

The water of this lake flows south through the Jordan River down to the Salt Sea.
Capernaum, Bethsaida, Gennesaret, and Tiberias were some of the towns located on the Sea of Galilee during New Testament times.
Many events of Jesus’ life took place on or near the Sea of Galilee.
The Sea of Galilee was also referred to as the “Sea of Tiberias” and the “lake of Gennesaret.”
This term could also be translated as “lake in the region of Galilee” or “Lake Galilee” or “lake near Tiberias (Gennesaret).”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Capernaum, Galilee, Jordan River, Salt Sea)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3220, H3672, G1056, G1082, G2281, G3041, G5085

Sennacherib

Names :: Sennacherib

Facts:

Sennacherib was a powerful king of Assyria who caused Nineveh to become a rich, important city.

King Sennacherib is known for his wars against Babylon and the kingdom of Judah.
He was a very arrogant king and he ridiculed Yahweh.
Sennacherib attacked Jerusalem during the time of King Hezekiah.
Yahweh caused Sennacherib’s army to be destroyed.
The Old Testament books of Kings and Chronicles record some of the events of Sennacherib’s reign.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Assyria, Babylon, Hezekiah, Judah, mock, Nineveh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5576, H5623

Seth

Names :: Seth

Facts:

In the book of Genesis, Seth was the third son of Adam and Eve.

Eve said that Seth was given to her in place of her son Abel, who was murdered by his brother Cain.
Noah was one of Seth’s descendants, so everyone who has lived since the time of the Flood is also a descendant of Seth.
Seth and his family were the first people to “call on the name of the Lord.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abel, Cain, call, descendant, ancestor, flood, Noah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8352, G4589

Sharon, Plain of Sharon

Names :: Sharon, Plain of Sharon

Facts:

Sharon was the name of a flat, fertile area of land along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, south of Mount Carmel. It is also known as the “Plain of Sharon.”

Several cities mentioned in the Bible were located on the Plain of Sharon, including Joppa, Lydda, and Caesarea.
This could be translated as “the plain called Sharon” or “Sharon Plain.”
People who lived in the region of Sharon were called “Sharonites.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Caesarea, Carmel, Joppa, the sea)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8289, H8290

Sheba

Names :: Sheba

Facts:

In ancient times, Sheba was an ancient civilization or region of land that was located somewhere in southern Arabia.

The region or country of Sheba was probably located near what are now the present-day countries of Yemen and Ethiopia.
Its inhabitants were probably descendants of Ham.
The Queen of Sheba came to visit King Solomon when she heard the fame of his riches and wisdom.
There were also several men named “Sheba” listed in genealogies in the Old Testament. It is possible that the name of the region of Sheba came from one of these men.
The city of Beersheba was shortened to Sheba one time in the Old Testament.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Arabia, Beersheba, Ethiopia, Solomon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5434, H7614

Shechem

Names :: Shechem

Facts:

Shechem was a town in Canaan located about 40 miles north of Jerusalem. Shechem was also the name of a man in the Old Testament.

The town of Shechem was where Jacob settled after being reconciled to his brother Esau.
Jacob bought land from the sons of Hamor the Hivite in Shechem. This land later became his family burial ground and the place where his sons buried him.
Hamor’s son Shechem raped Jacob’s daughter Dinah, resulting in Jacob’s sons killing all the men in the town of Shechem.

(Translation suggestions: Hamor)

(See also: Canaan, Esau, Hamor, Hivite, Jacob)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7928, H7930

Shem

Names :: Shem

Facts:

Shem was one of Noah’s three sons, all of whom went with him into the ark during the worldwide flood described in the book of Genesis.

Shem was the ancestor of Abraham and his descendants.
The descendants of Shem were known as “Semites”; they spoke “Semitic” languages such as Hebrew and Arabic.
The Bible indicates that Shem lived nearly 600 years.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Arabia, ark, flood, Noah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8035, G4590

Shiloh

Names :: Shiloh

Facts:

Shiloh was a walled Canaanite city that was conquered by the Israelites under the leadership of Joshua.

The city of Shiloh was located west of the Jordan River and northeast of the city of Bethel.
During the time that Joshua was leading Israel, the city of Shiloh was a meeting place for the people of Israel.
The twelve tribes of Israel met together at Shiloh to hear Joshua tell them which portion of the land of Canaan had been assigned to each of them.
Before any temple was built in Jerusalem, Shiloh was the place where the Israelites came to sacrifice to God.
When Samuel was a young boy, his mother Hannah took him to live in Shiloh to be trained by the priest Eli to serve Yahweh.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7886, H7887

Shimei

Names :: Shimei

Definition:

Shimei was the name of several men in the Old Testament.

Shimei son of Gera was a Benjamite who cursed King David and threw stones at him as he was fleeing Jerusalem to escape being killed by his son Absalom.
There were also several Levite priests in the Old Testament who were named Shimei.

(See also: Absalom, Benjamin, Levite, priest)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8096, H8097

Shinar

Names :: Shinar

Facts:

Shinar means “country of two rivers” and was the name of a plain or region in southern Mesopotamia.

Shinar later became known as “Chaldea” and then, “Babylonia.”
Ancient peoples living in the city of Babel in the Plain of Shinar built a tall tower to try to make themselves great.
Generations later, the Jewish patriarch Abraham lived in the city of Ur in this region, which by that time was called “Chaldea.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Babel, Babylon, Chaldea, Mesopotamia, patriarchs, Ur)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8152

Sidon, Sidonians

Names :: Sidon, Sidonians

Facts:

Sidon was the oldest son of Canaan. There is also a Canaanite city called Sidon, probably named after Canaan’s son.

The city of Sidon was located northwest of Israel on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in a region that is part of the present-day country of Lebanon.
The “Sidonians” were a Phoenician people group who lived in ancient Sidon and the region surrounding it.
In the Bible, Sidon is closely associated with the city of Tyre, and both cities were known for their wealth and for immoral behavior of their people.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, Noah, Phoenicia, the sea, Tyre)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6721, H6722, G4605, G4606

Simeon

Names :: Simeon

Facts:

Simeon was Jacob’s second son. He was Leah’s second son. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

The tribe descended from him was known as the “tribe of Simeon.”
The name Simeon is similar to the Hebrew word meaning “to hear.”
The tribe of Simeon occupied part of the southernmost territory in the promised land of Canaan. Its land was entirely surrounded by the land that belonged to Judah. When used as the name of a region of land, the term “Simeon” refers to the land given to the tribe of Simeon.
When Joseph and Mary brought the baby Jesus to the temple in Jerusalem to dedicate him to God, an elderly man named Simeon praised God for allowing him to see the Messiah.
Another man named Simeon is mentioned in Luke’s geneology of Jesus.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: twelve tribes of Israel, Jacob, Leah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8095, H8099, G4826

Simon the Zealot

Names :: Simon the Zealot

Facts:

Simon the Zealot was one of Jesus’ twelve disciples.

Simon is mentioned three times in the listing of Jesus’ disciples, but little else is known about him.
Simon was one of the Eleven who met to pray together in Jerusalem after Jesus went back up into heaven.
The term “zealot” may mean that Simon was a member of “the Zealots,” a Jewish religious party that was very zealous in upholding the Law of Moses while strongly opposing the Roman government.
Or, “zealot” may simply mean “the zealous one,” referring to Simon’s religious zeal.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: apostle, disciple, the twelve)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2208, G2581, G4613

Sodom

Names :: Sodom

Definition:

Sodom was a city in the southern part of Canaan where Abraham’s nephew Lot lived with his wife and children.

The land of the region surrounding Sodom was very well watered and fertile, so Lot chose to live there when he first settled in Canaan.
The exact location of this city is not known because Sodom and the nearby city of Gomorrah were completely destroyed by God as punishment for the evil things the people there were doing.
The most significant sin that the people of Sodom and Gomorrah were practicing was homosexuality.

(See also: Canaan, Gomorrah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5467, G4670

Stephen

Names :: Stephen

Facts:

Stephen is most remembered as the first Christian martyr, that is, the first person to be killed because of his faith in Jesus. The facts about his life and death are recorded in the book of Acts.

Stephen was appointed by the early Church in Jerusalem to serve the Christians as a deacon by providing food for widows and other Christians in need.
Certain Jews falsely accused Stephen of speaking against God and against the laws of Moses.
Stephen boldly spoke the truth about Jesus the Messiah, beginning with the history of God’s dealings with the people of Israel.
The Jewish leaders were furious and executed Stephen by stoning him to death outside the city.
His execution was witnessed by Saul of Tarsus, who later became the apostle Paul.
Stephen is also well-known for his last words before he died, “Lord, please do not hold this sin against them,” which showed the love he had for others.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: appoint, deacon, Jerusalem, Paul, stone, true)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4736

Succoth

Names :: Succoth

Definition:

Succoth was the name of two Old Testament cities. The word, “succoth” (or “sukkoth”) means “shelters.”

The first city called Succoth was located on the east side of the Jordan River.
Jacob stayed at Succoth with his family and flocks, building shelters for them there.
Hundreds of years later, Gideon and his exhausted men stopped at Succoth as they were chasing the Midanites, but the people there refused to give them any food.
The second Succoth was located on the northern border of Egypt and was a place where the Israelites stopped after they crossed the Red Sea as they were escaping from slavery in Egypt.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5523, H5524

Syria, Ashur

Names :: Syria, Ashur

Facts:

Syria is a country located northeast of Israel. During the time of the New Testament, it was a province under the rule of the Roman Empire.

In the Old Testament time period, the Syrians were strong military enemies of the Israelites.
Naaman was a commander of the Syrian army who was cured of leprosy by the prophet Elisha.
Many inhabitants of Syria are descendants of Aram, who was descended from Noah’s son Shem.
Damascus, the capital city of Syria, was mentioned many times in the Bible.
Saul went to the city of Damascus with plans to persecute Christians there, but Jesus stopped him.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H758, H804, G4947, G4948

Tamar

Names :: Tamar

Facts:

Tamar is the name of several different women in the Old Testament. There are several cities or other places that are named Tamar in the Old Testament.

Tamar was the daughter-in-law of Judah. She gave birth to Perez who was an ancestor of Jesus Christ.
One of King David’s daughters was named Tamar; she was the sister of Absalom. Her half-brother Amnon raped her and left her desolate.
Absalom also had a daughter named Tamar.
A city called “Hazezon Tamar” was the same as the city of Engedi on the western shore of the Salt Sea. There is also a “Baal Tamar,” and general references to a place called “Tamar” which may have been different from the cities.

(See also: Absalom, ancestor, Amnon, David, ancestor, Judah, Salt Sea)

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1193, H2688, H8412, H8559

Tarshish

Names :: Tarshish

Facts:

In biblical times, Tarshish was a port city situated on the Mediterranean Sea. The specific location of the city is unknown. Also, the Old Testament mentions two different men named Tarshish.

The city of Tarshish was a prosperous port city with ships that carried products to buy, sell, or trade. The Bible states that King Solomon kept a fleet of ships stationed at Tarshish.
The Old Testament prophet Jonah boarded a ship bound for the city of Tarshish instead of obeying God’s command to go preach to Nineveh.
One of Japheth’s grandsons was named Tarshish.
Tarshish was also the name of one of the wise men of King Ahashuerus.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Esther, Japheth, Jonah, Nineveh, Phoenicia, wise men)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8659

Tarsus

Names :: Tarsus

Facts:

Tarsus was a prosperous city in the Roman province of Cilicia, in what is now south central Turkey.

Tarsus was located along a major river and near the Mediterranean Sea, so it was part of an important trade route.
At one time it was the capital of Cilicia.
In the New Testament, Tarsus was best known as the hometown of Paul the apostle.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Cilicia, Paul, province, the sea)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5018, G5019

Terah

Names :: Terah

Facts:

Terah was a descendant of Noah’s son Shem. He was the father of Abram, Nahor and Haran.

Terah left his home in Ur in order to go to the land of Canaan with his son Abram, his nephew Lot, and Abram’s wife Sarai.
On the way to Canaan, Terah and his family lived for years in the city of Haran in Mesopotamia. Terah died in Haran at the age of 205.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Canaan, Haran, Lot, Mesopotamia, Nahor, Sarah, Shem, Ur)

Bible References:

Genesis 11:31-32

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8646, G2291

Thessalonica, Thessalonian

Names :: Thessalonica, Thessalonian

Facts:

In New Testament times, Thessalonica was the capital city of Macedonia in the ancient Roman empire. The people living in that city were called the “Thessalonians.”

The city of Thessalonica was an important seaport and was also located along a major road that connected Rome to the eastern part of the Roman empire.
Paul, along with Silas and Timothy, visited Thessalonica on his second missionary journey and as a result, a church was established there. Later, Paul also visited this city on his third missionary journey.
Paul wrote two letters to the Christians in Thessalonica. These letters (1 Thessalonians and 2 Thessalonians) are included in the New Testament.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Macedonia, Paul, Rome)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2331, G2332

Thomas

Names :: Thomas

Facts:

Thomas was one of twelve men whom Jesus chose to be his disciples and later, apostles. He was also known as “Didymus,” which means “twin.”

Near the end of Jesus’ life, he told his disciples that he was going away to be with the Father and would prepare a place for them to be with him. Thomas asked Jesus how they could know the way to get there when they didn’t even know where he was going.
After Jesus died and came back to life, Thomas said he would not believe that Jesus was really alive again unless he could see and feel the scars where Jesus had been wounded.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: apostle, disciple, God the Father, the twelve)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2381

Timothy

Names :: Timothy

Facts:

Timothy was a young man from Lystra. He later joined Paul on several missionary trips and helped shepherd new communities of believers.

Timothy’s father was a Greek, but both his grandmother Lois and his mother Eunice were Jews and believers in Christ.
The elders and Paul formally appointed Timothy for the ministry by placing their hands on him and praying for him.
Two books in the New Testament (I Timothy and 2 Timothy) are letters written by Paul that provide guidance to Timothy as a young leader of local churches.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: appoint, believe, church, Greek, minister)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5095

Tirzah

Names :: Tirzah

Facts:

Tirzah was an important Canaanite city that was conquered by the Israelites. It was also the name of a daughter of Gilead, a descendant of Manasseh.

The city Tirzah was located in the region occupied by the tribe of Manasseh. It is thought that the city was about 10 miles north of the city of Shechem.
Years later, Tirzah became a temporary capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel, during the reigns of four kings of Israel.
Tirzah was also the name of one of Manasseh’s granddaughters. They asked to be given a portion of the land since their father had died and he had no sons to inherit it as would normally be the custom.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, inherit, kingdom of Israel, Manasseh, Shechem)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8656

Titus

Names :: Titus

Facts:

Titus was a Gentile. He was trained by Paul to be a leader in the early churches.

A letter written to Titus by Paul is one of the books of the New Testament.
In this letter Paul instructed Titus to appoint elders for the churches on the island of Crete.
In some of his other letters to Christians, Paul mentions Titus as someone who encouraged him and brought him joy.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: appoint, believe, church, circumcise, Crete, elder, encourage, instruct, minister)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5103

Troas

Names :: Troas

Facts:

The city of Troas was a seaport located on the northwest coast of the ancient Roman province of Asia.

Paul visited Troas at least three times during his trips to different regions to preach the gospel.
On one occasion in Troas, Paul preached long into the night and a young man named Eutychus fell asleep while he was listening. Because he had been sitting in an open window, Eutychus fell down a long way and died. Through God’s power, Paul raised this young man back to life.
When Paul was in Rome, he asked Timothy to bring him his scrolls and his cloak, which he had left behind in Troas.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Asia, preach, province, raise, Rome, scroll, Timothy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5174

Tubal

Names :: Tubal

Facts:

There were several men in the Old Testament who had the name “Tubal.”

One man named Tubal was one of the sons of Japheth.
A man named “Tubal-Cain” was a son of Lamech and descendant of Cain.
Tubal was also the name of a people group mentioned by the prophets Isaiah and Ezekiel.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Cain, descendant, Ezekiel, Isaiah, Japheth, Lamech, people group, prophet)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8422, H8423

Tychicus

Names :: Tychicus

Facts:

Tychicus was one of Paul’s fellow ministers of the gospel.

Tychicus accompanied Paul on at least one of his missionary journeys to Asia.
Paul described him as “beloved” and “faithful.”
Tychicus carried Paul’s letters to Ephesus and Colosse.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Asia, beloved, Colossae, Ephesus, faithful, good news, minister)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5190

Tyre, Tyrians

Names :: Tyre, Tyrians

Facts:

Tyre was an ancient Canaanite city located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in a region that is now part of the modern-day country of Lebanon. Its people were called “Tyrians.”

Part of the city was located on an island in the sea, about one kilometer from the mainland.
Because of its location and its valuable natural resources, such as cedar trees, Tyre had a prosperous trading industry and was very wealthy.
King Hiram of Tyre sent wood from cedar trees and skilled laborers to help build a palace for King David.
Years later, Hiram also sent King Solomon wood and skilled laborers to help build the temple. Solomon paid him with large amounts of wheat and olive oil.
Tyre was often associated with the nearby ancient city of Sidon. These were the most important cities of the region of Canaan called Phoenicia.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, cedar, Israel, the sea, Phoenicia, Sidon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6865, H6876, G5183, G5184

Ur

Names :: Ur

Facts:

Ur was an important city along the Euphrates River in the ancient region of Chaldea, which was part of Mesopotamia. This region was located in what is now the modern-day country of Iraq.

Abraham was from the city of Ur and it was from there that God called him to leave to go to the land of Canaan.
Haran, the brother of Abraham and father of Lot, died in Ur. This was probably a factor that influenced Lot to leave Ur with Abraham.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Canaan, Chaldea, Euphrates River, Haran, Lot, Mesopotamia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H218

Uzziah, Azariah

Names :: Uzziah, Azariah

Facts:

Uzziah became king of Judah at the age of 16 and reigned 52 years, which was an unusually long reign. Uzziah was also known as “Azariah.”

King Uzziah was well-known for his organized and skilled military. He had towers built to protect the city and had specially-designed weapons of war mounted on them to hurl arrows and large stones.
As long as Uzziah served the Lord, he prospered. Toward the end of his reign, however, he became proud and he disobeyed the Lord by burning incense in the temple, which only the priest was permitted to do.
Because of this sin, Uzziah became sick with leprosy and had to live separately from other people until the end of his reign.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Judah, king, leprosy, reign, watchtower)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5818, H5838, H5839

Vashti

Names :: Vashti

Facts:

In the Old Testament book of Esther, Vashti was the wife of Ahasuerus, king of Persia.

King Ahasuerus sent Queen Vashti away when she refused to obey his order to come to his dinner party and show off her beauty to his drunken guests.
As a result, a search went out for a new queen and eventually Esther was chosen to be the king’s new wife.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Ahasuerus, Esther, Persia)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2060

Zacchaeus

Names :: Zacchaeus

Facts:

Zacchaeus was a tax collector from Jericho who climbed a tree in order to be able to see Jesus who was surrounded by a large crowd of people.

Zacchaeus was completely changed when he believed in Jesus.
He repented of his sin of cheating people and promised to give half his possessions to the poor.
He also promised that he would pay people back four times the amount that he had overcharged them for their taxes.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: believe, promise, repent, sin, tax, tax collector)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2195

Zadok

Names :: Zadok

Facts:

Zadok was the name of an important high priest in Israel during the reign of King David.

When Absalom rebelled against King David, Zadok supported David and helped bring the ark of the covenant back into Jerusalem.
Years later, he also took part in the ceremony to anoint David’s son Solomon as king.
Two different men by the name of Zadok helped rebuild the walls of Jerusalem during Nehemiah’s time.
Zadok was also the name of King Jotham’s grandfather.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: ark of the covenant, David, Jotham, Nehemiah, reign, Solomon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6659, G4524

Zebedee

Names :: Zebedee

Facts:

Zebedee was a fisherman from Galilee who is known because of his sons, James and John, who were Jesus’ disciples. They are often identified in the New Testament as the “sons of Zebedee.”

Zebedee’s sons were also fishermen and worked with him to catch fish.
James and John quit their fishing work with their father Zebedee and left to go follow Jesus.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2199

Zebulun

Names :: Zebulun

Facts:

Zebulun was Jacob’s tenth son. He was Leah’s sixth son. His descendants became one of the tribes of Israel.

The tribe descended from him was known as the “tribe of Zebulun” or “Zebulun.”
The meaning of the name Zebulun is unknown, but it is similar to a Hebrew word probably meaning “to honor” or “to dwell.”
The tribe of Zebulun settled in northwest Canaan, bordered by the lands of Naphtali, Issachar, Manasseh, and Asher.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: twelve tribes of Israel, Jacob, Leah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2074, H2075, G2194

Zechariah (OT)

Names :: Zechariah (OT)

Facts:

Zechariah was a prophet who prophesied during the reign of King Darius I of Persia. The Old Testament book of Zechariah contains his prophecies, which urged the returning exiles to rebuild the temple.

The prophet Zechariah lived during the same time period as Ezra, Nehemiah, Zerrubbabel and Haggai. He was also mentioned by Jesus as the last of the prophets who were murdered during Old Testament times.
Another man named Zechariah was a gatekeeper at the tent of meeting during the time of David.
One of King Jehoshaphat’s sons who was named Zechariah was murdered by his brother Jehoram.
Zechariah was the name of a priest who was stoned by the people of Israel when he rebuked them for their idol worship.
King Zechariah was the son of Jeroboam and he reigned over Israel for only six months before being murdered.

(Translation Suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Darius, Ezra, Jehoshaphat, Jeroboam, Nehemiah, Zerubbabel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2148

Zedekiah

Names :: Zedekiah

Facts:

Zedekiah, son of Josiah, was the last king of Judah (597-587 B.C.). There are also several other men named Zedekiah in the Old Testament.

King Nebuchadnezzar made Zedekiah king of Judah after capturing King Jehoiachin and taking him away to Babylon. Zedekiah later rebelled and as a result Nebuchadnezzar captured him and destroyed all of Jerusalem.
Zedekiah, son of Kenaanah, was a false prophet during the time of King Ahab of Israel.
A man named Zedekiah was one of those who signed an agreement to the Lord during the time of Nehemiah.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6667

Zephaniah

Names :: Zephaniah

Facts:

Zephaniah, son of Cushi, was a prophet who lived in Jerusalem and prophesied during the reign of King Josiah. He lived during the same time period as Jeremiah.

He rebuked the people of Judah for worshipping false gods. His prophecies are written in the book of Zephaniah in the Old Testament.
There were several other men in the Old Testament named Zephaniah, most of whom were priests.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Jeremiah, Josiah, priest)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6846

Zerubbabel

Names :: Zerubbabel

Facts:

Zerubbabel was the name of two Israelite men in the Old Testament.

One of these was a descendant of Jehoiakim and Zedekiah.
A different Zerubbabel, son of Shealtiel, was the head of the tribe of Judah during the time of Ezra and Nehemiah, when Cyrus king of Persia released the Israelites from their captivity in Babylon.
Zerubbabel and the high priest Joshua were among those who helped rebuild the temple and altar of God.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2216, H2217, G2216

Zilpah

Names :: Zilpah

Facts:

Zilpah was one of Jacob’s wives. She was the mother of Jacob’s two sons Gad and Asher.

Laban gave Zilpah to Leah as a servant when Leah married Jacob.
When Leah stopped having children, she gave Zilpah to Jacob as a wife to bear more children for her.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Jacob, Leah, Gad, Asher)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2153

Zoar

Names :: Zoar

Facts:

Zoar was a small city where Lot fled when God destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah.

It was formerly known as “Bela” but was renamed “Zoar” when Lot asked God to spare this “small” city.
Zoar is thought to have been located in the plain of the Jordan River or at the southern end of the Dead Sea.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Lot, Sodom, Gomorrah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6820

city of David

Names :: city of David

Facts:

The term “city of David” is another name for both Jerusalem and Bethlehem.

Jerusalem is where David lived while he ruled Israel.
Bethlehem is where David was born.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: David, Bethlehem, Jerusalem)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1732, H5892, G1138, G4172

house of David

Names :: house of David

Facts:

The expression “house of David” refers to the family or descendants of King David.

This could also be translated as “descendants of David” or “family of David” or “King David’s clan.”
Because Jesus was descended from David, he was part of the “house of David.”
Sometimes “house of David” or “household of David” refers to the people in David’s family who were still living.
Other times this term is more general and refers to all his descendants, including those who had already died.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: David, descendant, house, Jesus, king)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1004, H1732, G1138, G3624

man of God

Names :: man of God

Facts:

The expression “man of God” is a respectful way of referring to a prophet of Yahweh. It is also used to refer to an angel of Yahweh.

When referring to a prophet, this could also be translated as “man who belongs to God” or “man whom God has chosen” or “man who serves God.”
When referring to an angel this could also be translated as “messenger of God” or “your angel” or “heavenly being from God who looks like a man.”

(See also: angel, honor, prophet)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H376, H430, G444, G2316

the sea, the Great Sea, the western sea, Mediterranean Sea

Names :: the sea, the Great Sea, the western sea, Mediterranean Sea

Facts:

In the Bible, the “Great Sea” or “western sea” refers to what is now called the “Mediterranean Sea,” which was the largest body of water known to the people of Bible times.

The Mediterranean Sea is bordered by: Israel (east), Europe (north and west), and Africa (south).
This sea was very important in ancient times for trade and travel since it bordered so many countries. Cities and people groups located on the coast of this sea were very prosperous because of how easy it was to access goods from other countries by boat.
Since the Great Sea was located to the west of Israel, it was sometimes referred to as the “western sea.”

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Israel, people group, prosper)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H314, H1419, H3220

آدم

Names :: آدم

حقائق

كان آدم أول انسان الله خلقه. هو و مرتو حواء خلقوهم على صورة الله

الله خلق آدم من التراب ونفخ فيه "روح"الحياة
اسم ادم بشبه في النطق الكلمة العبرية البعني “تراب احمر” او “الأرض”
اسم “آدم” هو نفس الكلمة الموجود في العهد القديم “للبشرية” أو “الإنسان”
كل الناس هم عيال عيال آدم و حواء
آدم و حواء خالفو الله بسبب ده انفصلوا عن الله و دخل الخطية و الموت الي الدنيا.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: death, descendant, Eve, image of God, life)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

1:9 Then God said, “Let us make human beings in our image to be like us.”
1:10 This man’s name was Adam. God planted a garden where Adam could live, and put him there to care for it.
1:12 Then God said, “It is not good for man to be alone.” But none of the animals could be Adam’s helper.
2:11 And God clothed Adam and Eve with animal skins.
2:12 So God sent Adam and Eve away from the beautiful garden.
49:8 When Adam and Eve sinned, it affected all of their descendants.
50:16 Because Adam and Eve disobeyed God and brought sin into this world, God cursed it and decided to destroy it.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H120, G76

إسماعيل إسماعيلي

Names :: إسماعيل إسماعيلي

حقائق

كان إسماعيل ولد إبراهيم والعبدة المصرية هاجر. هناك كان في رجال تانيين كتير في العهد القديم سموهم إسماعيل

اسم “إسماعيل” معناه " الله بيسمع"
الله وعد أنو يبارك ولد إبراهيم إسماعيل ، لكن هو ما كان الولد الله وعد انو يتمم بيه العهد.
الله حفظ هاجر وإسماعيل لمن تم ارسالهم للصحراء.
لمن إسماعيل كان عايش في صحراء فاران، هو اتزوج مرأة مصرية.
إسماعيل ولد نثنيا كان ضابط في جيش يهوذا القاد مجموعة من الرجال لقتال الحاكم التم تعينه بواسطة ملك البابليين نبوخذنصر.
هناك برضو كان في أربعة رجال تانين سموهم إسماعيل في العهد القديم.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Babylon, covenant, desert, Egypt, Hagar, Isaac, Nebuchadnezzar, Paran, Sarah)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

5:2 So Abram married Hagar. Hagar had a baby boy, and Abram named him Ishmael.
5:4 “I will make Ishmael a great nation, too, but my covenant will be with Isaac.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3458, H3459

ابراهيم ،ابرام

Names :: ابراهيم ،ابرام

حقائق

كان ابرام رجل كلداني من مدينة اور اختاره الله عشان يكون ابا لبني اسرائيل . الله غير اسمو لابراهيم .

اسم “ابرام” معناه “الاب العظيم”
“ابراهيم” معناه “اب للكثيرين”
الله وعد ابراهيم بانو حيكون عندو نسل كتير ،البكونوا امة عظيمة.
ابراهيم امن بالله و اطاعو .الله قاد ابراهيم لينتقل من الكلدان الى ارض كنعان
لمن ابراهيم و مرتو سارة كبرو في السن كانوا عايشين في ارض كنعان ،ولدوا ولد ، اسحاق .

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, Chaldea, Sarah, Isaac)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

4:6 When Abram arrived in Canaan, God said, “Look all around you. I will give to you and your descendants all the land that you can see as an inheritance.”
5:4 Then God changed Abram’s name to Abraham, which means “father of many.”
5:5 About a year later, when Abraham was 100 years old and Sarah was 90, Sarah gave birth to Abraham’s son.
5:6 When Isaac was a young man, God tested Abraham’s faith by saying, “Take Isaac, your only son, and kill him as a sacrifice to me.”
6:1 When Abraham was very old and his son, Isaac, had grown to be a man, Abraham sent one of his servants back to the land where his relatives lived to find a wife for his son, Isaac.
6:4 After a long time, Abraham died and all of the promises that God had made to him in the covenant were passed on to Isaac.
21:2 God promised Abraham that through him all people groups of the world would receive a blessing.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H87, H85, G11

اخاب

Names :: اخاب

حقائق

كان اخاب ملك شرير شديد الحكم على المملكة الشمالية لإسرائيل من 875 إلى 854 قبل الميلاد .

الملك اخاب أثر على شعب إسرائيل ليعبدوا الآلهة الكاذبة.
واجه إيليا النبي اخاب وقال ليه حيكون في جفاف شديد لمدة ثلاث سنوات ونص كعقاب على الخطايا العملها الشعب الاسرائيلي بسبب اخاب .
اخاب ومرته ايزابيل عملوا حاجات شريرة كتيرة تانية، من ضمنها استخدموا قوتهم وقتلوا الأبرياء.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Baal, Elijah, Jezebel, kingdom of Israel, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

19:2 Elijah was a prophet when Ahab was king over the kingdom of Israel. Ahab was an evil man who encouraged people to worship a false god named Baal.
19:3 Ahab and his army looked for Elijah, but they could not find him.
19:5 After three and a half years, God told Elijah to return to the kingdom of Israel and speak with Ahab because he was going to send rain again.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H256

ارميا

Names :: ارميا

حقائق:

ارميا كان نبي الله في مملكة يهوذا .كتاب ارميا في العهد القديم عندو كل نبؤات ارميا .

ارميا كان عادة بحزر شعب اسرائيل انو الله ماشي يعاقبهم بسبب خطاياهم زي معظم الانبياء.
ارميا اتنبا انو البابليين حيحتلوا اورشليم الحاجة الخلى جزئ من شعب يهوذا زعلانيين عشان كدا ختوه في بير غريق يابس و خلوه هناك عشان يموت . لكن ملك يهوذا طلب من عبيدو ينقذو ارميا من البير .
ارميا كتب انو بتمنى لو عيونو يبقو “ينبوع دموع” عشان يعبرو عن حزنه العميق لتمرد وتعب شعبه .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Babylon, Judah, prophet, rebel, suffer, well)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

19:17 Once, the prophet Jeremiah was put into a dry well and left there to die. He sank down into the mud that was in the bottom of the well, but then the king had mercy on him and ordered his servants to pull Jeremiah out of the well before he died.
21:5 Through the prophet Jeremiah, God promised that he would make a New Covenant, but not like the covenant God made with Israel at Sinai.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3414, G2408

اريحا

Names :: اريحا

حقائق:

اريحا كانت مدينة قوية في أرض كنعان. كانت تقع غرب نهرالأردن وشمال من بحرالملح .

زي ما عمل كل الكنعانيين، شعب أريحا عبدو الآلهة الكاذبة .
أريحا كانت أول مدينة في أرض كنعان الله كلم الإسرائيليين عشان يحتلوها.
لمن قاد يشوع الإسرائيليين ضد أريحا، عمل الله معجزة عظيمة عشان يساعدهم ليهزموا المدينة.

(See also: Canaan, Jordan River, Joshua, miracle, Salt Sea)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

15:1 Joshua sent two spies to the Canaanite city of Jericho.
15:3 After the people crossed the Jordan River, God told Joshua how to attack the powerful city of Jericho.
15:5 Then the walls around Jericho fell down! The Israelites destroyed everything in the city as God had commanded.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3405, G2410

اسحاق

Names :: اسحاق

حقائق

اسحاق كان الولد الوحيد لأبراهيم و سارة. الله وعد عشان يديهم جنى برغم انهم كانو كبار شديد

اسم “اسحاق” بيعني “هو ضحك” لمن الله كلم ابراهيم بانو سارة بتلد، ابراهيم ضحك عشان هم كانو الأتنين كبار شديد. بعد زمن، سارة برضها ضحكت لمن هي سمعت الخبر.
لكن الله اوفى بوعده و اسحاق اتولد لأبراهيم و سارة في عمرهم الكبير.
الله كلم ابراهيم انو العهد العملو مع ابراهيم بيكون برضو لأسحاق و نسله الي الأبد.
لمن كان اسحاق شاب، الله امتحن ايمان ابراهيم وامره ان يذبح اسحاق.
يعقوب ولد اسحاق عندو اتناعشر اولاد النسلهم بقوا بعداك الأتناعشر قبائل لأمة اسرائيل.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

5:4 “Your wife, Sarai, will have a son—he will be the son of promise. Name him Isaac.”
5:6 When Isaac was a young man, God tested Abraham’s faith by saying, “Take Isaac, your only son, and kill him as a sacrifice to me.”
5:9 God had provided the ram to be the sacrifice instead of Isaac.
6:1 When Abraham was very old and his son, Isaac, had grown to be a man, Abraham sent one of his servants back to the land where his relatives lived to find a wife for his son, Isaac.
6:5 Isaac prayed for Rebekah, and God allowed her to get pregnant with twins.
7:10 Then Isaac died, and Jacob and Esau buried him. The covenant promises God had promised to Abraham and then to Isaac now passed on to Jacob.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3327, H3446, G2464

اشعياء

Names :: اشعياء

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حقائق:

أشعياء كان نبي الله الاتنبا خلال حكم ملوك يهوذا الاربعة: عزيا ، ويوثام ، واحاز ، وحزقيا.

هو عاش في اورشليم في زمن الاشوريين كانوا بهاجموا المدينة، في فترة حكم حزقيا.
كتاب العهد القديم لاشعياء هو واحد من الكتب الرئيسية للكتاب المقدس .
أشعيا كتب كتير من النبوءات الاتحقيقت و هو كان لسه عايش .

اشعياء معروف خاصة بنبوءات الكتبو عن المسيح اللأتحققت بعد 700 سنة لمن يسوع كان عايش علي الارض .

يسوع و تلاميذه اقتبسوا نبوءات اشعياء عشان يعلموا الناس عن المسيح. =======

Isaiah

حقائق:

Facts:

أشعياء كان نبي الله الاتنبا خلال حكم ملوك يهوذا الاربعة: عزيا ، ويوثام ، واحاز ، وحزقيا. Isaiah was a prophet of God who prophesied during the reigns of four kings of Judah: Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah.

هو عاش في اورشليم في زمن الاشوريين كانوا بهاجموا المدينة، في فترة حكم حزقيا.

He lived in Jerusalem during the time when the Assyrians were attacking the city, during the reign of Hezekiah.

كتاب العهد القديم لاشعياء هو واحد من الكتب الرئيسية للكتاب المقدس .

The Old Testament book of Isaiah is one of the major books of the Bible.

أشعيا كتب كتير من النبوءات الاتحقيقت و هو كان لسه عايش .

Isaiah wrote many prophecies that came true while he was still living.

اشعياء معروف خاصة بنبوءات الكتبو عن المسيح اللأتحققت بعد 700 سنة لمن يسوع كان عايش علي الارض .
Isaiah is especially known for the prophecies he wrote about the Messiah that came true 700 years later when Jesus was living on earth

يسوع و تلاميذه اقتبسوا نبوءات اشعياء عشان يعلموا الناس عن المسيح.

Jesus and his disciples quoted Isaiah’s prophecies to teach people about the Messiah.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ahaz, Assyria, Christ, Hezekiah, Jotham, Judah, prophet, Uzziah)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

21:9 The prophet Isaiah prophesied that the Messiah would be born from a virgin.
21:10 The prophet Isaiah said the Messiah would live in Galilee, comfort broken-hearted people, and proclaim freedom to captives and release to prisoners.
21:11 The prophet Isaiah also prophesied that the Messiah would be hated without reason and rejected.
21:12 Isaiah prophesied that people would spit on, mock, and beat the Messiah.
26:2 They handed him (Jesus) the scroll of the prophet Isaiah so that he would read from it. Jesus opened up the scroll and read part of it to the people.
45:8 When Philip approached the chariot, he heard the Ethiopian reading from what the prophet Isaiah wrote.
45:10 Philip explained to the Ethiopian that Isaiah was writing about Jesus.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3470, G2268

اشور،الاشوري، امبراطورية الاشورية.

Names :: اشور،الاشوري، امبراطورية الاشورية.

حقائق:

الاشوريين كانوا أمة قوية في الوقت الكان الاسرائيلين عايشين في أرض كنعان. كانت الإمبراطورية الآشورية مجموعة من الامم يحكمها ملك أشوري

كانت امة آشور بتقع في المنطقة هي الآن الجزء الشمالي من العراق.
الآشورين حاربوا ضد إسرائيل في أوقات مختلفة من تاريخهم
في عام 722 قبل الميلاد، احتل الاشورين مملكة إسرائيل بالكامل وأجبروا كتير من الإسرائيلين عشان يمشوا إلى اشور.
الإسرائيلين الفضلوا اتزاوجوا مع الأجانب الجابهم الآشورين إلى إسرائيل من السامرة. في النهاية نسل الشعب ديل الكانوا اتزاوجوا سموهم السامريين .

(See also: Samaria)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

20:2 So God punished both kingdoms by allowing their enemies to destroy them. The kingdom of Israel was destroyed by the Assyrian Empire, a powerful, cruel nation. The Assyrians killed many people in the kingdom of Israel, took away everything of value, and burned much of the country.
20:3 The Assyrians gathered all the leaders, the rich people, and the people with skills and took them to Assyria.
20:4 Then the Assyrians brought foreigners to live in the land where the kingdom of Israel had been.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H804, H1121

الاموريين

Names :: الاموريين

حقائق:

كان الأموريين مجموعة قوية من الناس السكنوا أرض كنعان وعاشوا على جانبي نهر الأردن .

اسمهم بيعني “مرتفع” ،ممكن يشير لمناطق جبلية كانوا عايشين فيه أو لحقيقة أن هم كانوا معروفين بانهم طوال شديد جدا.
كتاب التكوين بيذكرأن الأموريين جاين من نسل كنعان، حفيد نوح.
كانت مدينة عاي يسكنها الأموريين.
الله ورى “خطيئة الأموريين” ،البتشمل عبادتهم للالهة الكاذبةوالممارسات الخاطئة المرتبط بيها .
يشوع قاد الإسرائيليين عشان يدمروا الأموريين، زي ما الله أمرهم ليعملوا.

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

15:7 Sometime later, the kings of another people group in Canaan, the Amorites, heard that the Gibeonites had made a peace treaty with the Israelites, so they combined their armies into one large army and attacked Gibeon.
15:8 In the early morning they surprised the Amorite armies and attacked them.
15:9 God fought for Israel that day. He caused the Amorites to be confused and he sent large hailstones that killed many of the Amorites.
15:10 God also caused the sun to stay in one place in the sky so that Israel would have enough time to completely defeat the Amorites.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H567,

اورشليم

Names :: اورشليم

حقائق:

كانت اورشليم اصلا مدينة كنعانية قديمة و بقت بعد فترةأهم مدينة في إسرائيل. هي تقع مسافة 34 كيلومتر تقريبا غرب من بحر الملح و شمال من بيت لحم. هي لسه عاصمة إسرائيل حتى اليوم.

اسم “اورشليم” زكرو لأول مرة في كتاب يشوع . بعض أسماء العهد القديم للمدينة دي تشمل “سالم” مدينة يبوس ، و “صهيون”.كل من “اورشليم” و “ساليم” عندهم معنى جذري لـ “السلام”.
اورشليم كانت في الأصل مكان اليبوسيين اسمو “صهيون” الأسرها الملك داود وبقاها عاصمته.
بنى ولد داود سليمان أول معبد في اورشليم ، على جبل موريه ،الجبل الكان إبراهيم قدم فيه ابنه إسحاق لله. المعبد بنوا من جديد هناك بعد ما دمره البابليين.
لأن المعبد كان في اورشليم ، المهرجانات اليهودية الكبيرة كانوا بحتفلو بيها هناك.
الناس عادة بفضلوا يمشوا لاورشليم لأنو بتقع على الجبال.

(See also: Babylon, Christ, David, Jebusites, Jesus, Solomon, temple, Zion)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:5 David conquered Jerusalem and made it his capital city.
18:2 In Jerusalem, Solomon built the Temple for which his father David had planned and gathered materials.
20:7 They (Babylonians) captured the city of Jerusalem, destroyed the Temple, and took away all the treasures of the city and the Temple.
20:12 So, after seventy years in exile, a small group of Jews returned to the city of Jerusalem in Judah.
38:1 About three years after Jesus first began preaching and teaching publicly, Jesus told his disciples that he wanted to celebrate this Passover with them in Jerusalem, and that he would be killed there.
38:2 After Jesus and the disciples arrived in Jerusalem, Judas went to the Jewish leaders and offered to betray Jesus to them in exchange for money.
42:8 “It was also written in the scriptures that my disciples will proclaim that everyone should repent in order to receive forgiveness for their sins. They will do this starting in Jerusalem, and then go to all people groups everywhere.”
42:11 Forty days after Jesus rose from the dead, he told his disciples, “Stay in Jerusalem until you receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3389, H3390, G2414, G2415, G2419

اوريا

Names :: اوريا

حقائق:

كان اوريا راجل صالح وواحد من افضل جنود الملك داود. في كثير من الأحيان بشيرو ليهو “باوريا الحثي”.

أوريا كان عندو مراة جميلة جدا اسمها بثتشبع.
داؤد عمل زنى مع مراة أوريا وبقت حامل بجنى داؤد.
عشان يغطي الخطية دا ، داود بقي سبب في قتل اوريا في المعركة. وبعداك اتزوج بثتشبع.
راجل تاني اسمه أوريا كان كاهن في عهد الملك أحاز.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ahaz, Bathsheba, David, Hittite)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:12 Bathsheba’s husband, a man named Uriah, was one of David’s best soldiers. David called Uriah back from the battle and told him to go be with his wife. But Uriah refused to go home while the rest of the soldiers were in battle. So David sent Uriah back to the battle and told the general to place him where the enemy was strongest so that he would be killed.
17:13 After Uriah was killed, David married Bathsheba.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H223, G3774

ايليا

Names :: ايليا

حقايق:

كان إيليا واحد من اهم انبياء (يهوه). إيليا اتنبأ في زمن حكم مختلف من ملوك إسرائيل ويهوذا ، من ضمنهم الملك اخاب .

الله عمل معجزات كتيرة بواسطة إيليا ، من ضمنها قوم/رجع الولد الميت مرة تانية للحياة.
إيليا وبخ الملك اخاب لعبادته للاله الكاذب بعل.
هو اتحدى أنبياءالبعل في الاختبار الأثبت فيهو انو يهوه هو الإله الحقيقي الوحيد.
في نهاية حياة إيليا ، الله شالوا فوق بإعجوبة للسماء و هو كان لسه حي .
بعد ميات من السنين ،إيليا و موسى ظهروا مع يسوع على الجبل ، واتكلموا مع بعض عن معاناة يسوع وموته في اورشليم.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: miracle, prophet, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

19:2 Elijah was a prophet when Ahab was king over the kingdom of Israel.
19:2 Elijah said to Ahab, “There will be no rain or dew in the kingdom of Israel until I say so.”
19:3 God told Elijah to go to a stream in the wilderness to hide from Ahab who wanted to kill him. Every morning and every evening, birds would bring him bread and meat.
19:4 But they took care of Elijah, and God provided for them so that their flour jar and their bottle of oil never became empty.
19:5 After three and a half years, God told Elijah to return to the kingdom of Israel and speak with Ahab because he was going to send rain again.
19:7 Then Elijah said to the prophets of Baal, “Kill a bull and prepare it as a sacrifice, but do not light the fire.”
19:12 Then Elijah said, “Do not let any of the prophets of Baal escape!”
36:3 Then Moses and the prophet Elijah appeared. These men had lived hundreds of years before this. They talked with Jesus about his death that would soon happen in Jerusalem.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H452, G2243

بابل، بابلي، بابلية.

Names :: بابل، بابلي، بابلية.

حقائق:

كانت مدينة بابل عاصمة لمنطقة بابل القديمة، والكان كمان جزء من الامبراطورية البابلية.

كانت بابل تقع على طول نهر الفرات ، في نفس المنطقة البنوا فيها برج بابل قبل ميات السنين.
في بعض الاوقات تشير كلمة “بابل” للإمبراطورية البابلية كلها. زى “ملك بابل” حكم الإمبراطورية كلها ، ما المدينة بس.
كان البابليين مجموع شعب قوي هاجموا مملكة يهوذا وبقوا الشعب في المنفى في بابل لمدة 70 سنة.
كان بسمو الجزو من المنطقة دي (كلدانية) والشعب الكان عايش هناك هم “كلدانيين” كنتيجة كلمة كلدانية كان غالبآ بستخدموا ليشير للبابليين.

(See also: Babel, Chaldea, Judah, Nebuchadnezzar)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

20:6 About 100 years after the Assyrians destroyed the kingdom of Israel, God sent Nebuchadnezzar, king of the Babylonians, to attack the kingdom of Judah. Babylon was a powerful empire.
20:7 But after a few years, the king of Judah rebelled against Babylon. So, the Babylonians came back and attacked the kingdom of Judah. They captured the city of Jerusalem, destroyed the Temple, and took away all the treasures of the city and the Temple.
20:9 Nebuchadnezzar and his army took almost all of the people of the kingdom of Judah to Babylon, leaving only the poorest people behind to plant the fields.
20:11 About seventy years later, Cyrus, the king of the Persians, defeated Babylon.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3778, H3779, H8152, H894, H895, H896, G897

بثشبع

Names :: بثشبع

حقائق:

كانت بثشبع مراة اوريا، العسكري من جيش الملك داود، بعد ما اوريا مات، بقت مراة داود و ام لسليمان.

داود عمل زنا مع بثشبع لمن هي كانت متزوجة من أوريا.
لمن بثشبع بقت حاملة بجنى داود، داود بقى سبب لموت اوريا في المعركة.
بعداك داود عرس بثشبع وولدت ليهم جنى.
الله عاقب داود على خطيته وخلا الجنى يموت بعد ايام من ولادتو .
بعد فترة ، بثشبع ولدت ولد تاني، سليمان، الهو كبر عشان يكون ملك بعد داود.

(مقنرحات الترجمة: [كيف ينرجم الاسماء])

(See also: David, Solomon. Uriah)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:10 One day, when all of David’s soldiers were away from home fighting battles, he got up from an afternoon nap and saw a beautiful woman bathing. Her name was Bathsheba.
17:11 A short time later Bathsheba sent a message to David saying that she was pregnant.
17:12 Bathsheba’s husband, a man named Uriah, was one of David’s best soldiers.
17:13 After Uriah was killed, David married Bathsheba.
17:14 Later, David and Bathsheba had another son, and they named him Solomon.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1339

بحر القصب, بحر الأحمر.

Names :: بحر القصب, بحر الأحمر.

حقائق

“بحر القصب” كان اسم جسم مائي واقع بين مصر و الجزيرة العربية. هو هسه اسمو “البحر الأحمر”.

البحر الأحمر طويل و ضيق، هو اكبر من بحيرة او نهر، لكن هو صغير بكتير من المحيط.
عبر الأسرائليين البحر الأحمر لمن كانوا هاربين من مصر. الله عمل معجزة و خلى مويةالبحر تنقسم عشان الشعب يقدروا يمشوا في الارض الناشفة .
كان ارض كنعان شمال البحر ده.
ده برضو يمكن يترجمو زي " بحر القصب".
كنعان, الجزيرة العربية.

(See also: Arabia. Canaan, Egypt)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

12:4 When the Israelites saw the Egyptian army coming, they realized they were trapped between Pharaoh’s army and the Red Sea.
12:5 Then God told Moses, “Tell the people to move toward the Red Sea.”
13:1 After God led the Israelites through the Red Sea, he led them through the wilderness to a mountain called Sinai.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3220, H5488, G2063, G2281

برنابا

Names :: برنابا

حقائق:

برنابا كان واحد من أوائل المسيحيين العاشوا في زمن الرسل.

برنابا كان من قبيلة لاوي الإسرائيلي وكان من جزيرة قبرص.
لمن شاول (بولس) بقى مسيحي ، برنابا شجع المؤمنين التانيين عشان يقبلو كمؤمن.
برنابا وبولس سافروا سوا عشان يبشروا بالاخبار السارة عن يسوع في مدن مختلفة.
كان اسمو يوسف ، لكن كان بسمو “برنابا” ، البعني “ابن التشجيع”.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Christian, Cyprus, good news, Levite, Paul)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

46:8 Then a believer named Barnabas took Saul to the apostles and told them how Saul had preached boldly in Damascus.
46:9 Barnabas and Saul went there to teach these new believers more about Jesus and to strengthen the church. I
46:10 One day, while the Christians at Antioch were fasting and praying, the Holy Spirit said to them, “Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul to do the work I have called them to do.” So the church in Antioch prayed for Barnabas and Saul and placed their hands on them.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G921

بطرس ،سمعان بطرس ،صفا

Names :: بطرس ،سمعان بطرس ،صفا

حقائق:

بطرس كان واحد من رسل يسوع الاثني عشر.هو كان قائد مهم في الكنيسة الاولى.

قبل ما يسوع يناديهو عشان يكون تلميذو بطرس كان اسمه سمعان.
بعد فترة ،يسوع سماه “صفا” البيعني “حجر” أو “صخرة” في اللغة الآرامية. اسم بطرس معناه كمان “حجر” أو “صخرة” في اللغة اليونانية.
الله عمل من خلال بطرس عشان يشفي الناس و يبشر بالاخبار السارة عن يسوع.
الكتابين في العهد الجديد هم رسائل الكتبها بطرس عشان يشجع ويعلم المؤمنين.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: disciple, apostle)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

28:9 Peter said to Jesus, “We have left everything and followed you. What will be our reward?”
29:1 One day Peter asked Jesus, “Master, how many times should I forgive my brother when he sins against me? As many as seven times?”
31:5 Then Peter said to Jesus, “Master, if it is you, command me to come to you on the water.” Jesus told Peter, “Come!”
36:1 One day, Jesus took three of his disciples, Peter, James, and John with him.
38:9 Peter replied, “Even if all the others abandon you, I will not!” Then Jesus said to Peter, “Satan wants to have all of you, but I have prayed for you, Peter, that your faith will not fail. Even so, tonight, before the rooster crows, you will deny that you even know me three times.”
38:15 As the soldiers arrested Jesus, Peter pulled out his sword and cut off the ear of the servant of the high priest.
43:11 Peter answered them, “Every one of you should repent and be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ so that God will forgive your sins.”
44:8 Peter answered them, “This man stands before you healed by the power of Jesus the Messiah.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2786, G4074, G4613

بعل

Names :: بعل

حقائق:

“بعل” معناه “رب” أو “سيد” وكان هو الاسم الأساسي للاله الكاذب البيعبدو الكنعانين.

كان هناك برضو آلهة كاذبة محلية عندها “بعل” كجزئ من اسمائهم ، زى “بعلي فغور”. احيانا كل الآلهة ديل مع بعضهم بشيرو زي “البعليين”
بعض الناس عندهم اسماء البشمل كلمة "بعل ".
تشمل عبادة البعل ممارسات شريرة زى التضحية بالاطفال والدعارة.
في زمن مختلف عبر تاريخهم ، الاسرائيلين برضو بقوا بشاركوا في عبادة العبل شديد و بتابعوا مثال الأمم الوثنية الحولهم
في زمن الملك آخاب ، نبي الله إيليا عمل اختبار للشعب عشان يثبت انو البعل غير موجود ،يهوه هو الإله الوحيدالحقيقي. كنتيجة للاختبار ده ، دمروا انبياء البعل و الناس بدوا يعبدوا يهوه مرة تانية.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ahab, Asherah, Elijah, false god, prostitute, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

19:2 Ahab was an evil man who encouraged people to worship a false god named Baal.
19:6 All the people of the entire kingdom of Israel, including the 450 prophets of Baal, came to Mount Carmel. Elijah said to the people, “How long will you keep changing your mind? If Yahweh is God, serve him! If Baal is God, serve him!”
19:7 Then Elijah said to the prophets of Baal, “Kill a bull and prepare it as a sacrifice, but do not light the fire.”
19:8 Then the prophets of Baal prayed to Baal, “Hear us, O Baal!”
19:12 So the people captured the prophets of Baal. Then Elijah took them away from there and killed them.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1120, G896

بيت لحم، افراتة،

Names :: بيت لحم، افراتة،

حقائق:

كانت بيت لحم مدينة صغيرة فى ارض اسرائيل،قريب لمدينةاورشليم .كانت معروفة برضو "بافراتة"المحتمل يكون اسمه الاصلى.

سمو بيت لحم “مدينة داود” من زمن الملك داود ولدو هناك.
قال النبى ميخا انو المسيح بيجى من “بيت لحم افراتة”.
عشان يتم النبوة يسوع اتولد فى بيت، بعد سنوات كتيرة.
اسم “بيت لحم” يعني “بيت الخبز” أو “بيت الاكل”

(See also: Caleb, David, Micah)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:2 David was a shepherd from the town of Bethlehem.
21:9 The prophet Isaiah prophesied that the Messiah would be born from a virgin. The prophet Micah said that he would be born in the town of Bethlehem.
23:4 Joseph and Mary had to make a long journey from where they lived in Nazareth to Bethlehem because their ancestor was David whose hometown was Bethlehem.
23:6 “The Messiah, the Master, has been born in Bethlehem!”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H376, H672, H1035, G965

بيلاطس

Names :: بيلاطس

حقائق:

بيلاطس كان حاكم لمقاطعة رومان اليهوديةالحكم على يسوع بالموت.

عشان بيلاطس كان حاكم، عندو سلطة بقتل المجرمين.
قادة اليهود الدينين كانوا دايرين بيلاطس يصلب يسوع، عشان كدا كذبوا وقالوا بانو يسوع كان مجرم.
بيلاطس لاحظ بانو يسوع ماكان مذنب، لكن هو خاف من الجموع وداير يرضيهم،عشان كدا أمر عساكرو انو يصلبوا يسوع.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: crucify, governor, guilt, Judea, Rome)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

39:9 Early the next morning, the Jewish leaders brought Jesus to Pilate, the Roman governor. They hoped that Pilate would condemn Jesus as guilty and sentenced him to be killed. Pilate asked Jesus, “Are you the King of the Jews?”
39:10 Pilate said, “What is truth?”
39:11 After speaking with Jesus, Pilate went out to the crowd and said, “I find no guilt in this man.” But the Jewish leaders and the crowd shouted, “Crucify him!” Pilate replied, “He is not guilty.” But they shouted even louder. Then Pilate said a third time, “He is not guilty!”
39:12 Pilate became afraid that the crowd would begin to riot, so he ordered his soldiers to crucify Jesus.
40:2 Pilate commanded that a sign be put above Jesus’ head that read, “King of the Jews.”
41:2 Pilate said, “Take some soldiers and make the tomb as secure as you can.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4091, G4194

جبعون ، جبعونين

Names :: جبعون ، جبعونين

حقائق:

كانت جبعون مدينة تقع مسافة 13 كيلومتر شمال غرب اورشليم. الشعب الساكنين في جبعون هم الجبعونيين.

لمن الجبعونيين سمعوا كيف الأسرائيليين دمروا مدينة اريحا و عاي، هم خافوا.
عشان كدا الجبعونيين جوا لقادة اسرائيل في الجلجال و مثلوا ان هم ناس من بلد بعيدة.
قادة الإسرائيليين غشوهم واتفقوا مع الجبعونيين بانو يحموهم و ما يدمروهم.

(See also: Gilgal, Jericho, Jerusalem)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

15:6 But one of the Canaanite people groups, called the Gibeonites, lied to Joshua and said they were from a place far from Canaan.
15:7 Sometime later, the kings of another people group in Canaan, the Amorites, heard that the Gibeonites had made a peace treaty with the Israelites, so they combined their armies into one large army and attacked Gibeon.
15:8 So Joshua gathered the Israelite army and they marched all night to reach the Gibeonites.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1391, H1393

جدعون

Names :: جدعون

حقائق:

جدعون كان راجل إسرائيلي اقامه الله عشان ينقذ الإسرائيليين من أعدائهم.

الزمن العاش فيه جدعون ، كان في مجموعة من الشعب بسموهم الميديانيين كانوا بهاجموا الإسرائيليين باستمرار ويدمروا محاصيلهم.
برغم انو جدعون كان خايف ، الله استخدمه عشان يقود الإسرائيليين و يقاتلوا ضد الميديانيين ويهزموهم .
جدعون برضو اطاع الله بهدمه مذابح الآلهة الكاذبة بعل وأشير .
هو ما قادالشعب لهزيمة اعدائهم و بس ، كمان شجعهم لطاعة وعبادة يهوه ، الله الحقيقي الوحيد.

مقنرحات الترجمة: (كيف يترجم الأسماء) (https://preview.door43.org/u/GRA/apd_ta/#translate--translate-names)

(See also: Baal, Asherah, deliver, Midian, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

16:5 The angel of Yahweh came to Gideon and said, “God is with you, mighty warrior. Go and save Israel from the Midianites.”
16:6 Gideon’s father had an altar dedicated to an idol. God told Gideon to tear down that altar.
16:8 There were so many of them (Midianites) that they could not be counted. Gideon called the Israelites together to fight them.
16:8 Gideon called the Israelites together to fight them. Gideon asked God for two signs so he could be sure that God would use him to save Israel.
16:10 32,000 Israelite soldiers came to Gideon, but God told him this was too many.
16:12 Then Gideon returned to his soldiers and gave each of them a horn, a clay pot, and a torch.
16:15 The people wanted to make Gideon their king.
16:16 Then Gideon used the gold to make a special garment like the high priest used to wear. But the people started worshiping it as if it were an idol.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1439, H1441

جليل, جليلين

Names :: جليل, جليلين

<<<<<<< HEAD

حقائق:

الجليل كان ابعد منطقة شمال إسرائيل، بس شمال السامرة. “الجليلي” كان شخص ساكن في الجليل أو عايش في الجليل.

الجليل ,السامرة و اليهوية كانوا التلاتة محافظات الرئيسية لاسرائيل في فترة العهد الجديد.
الجليل حدودها في الشرق بتقع جنب بحيرة واسعة سموها “بحر الجليل”.
يسوع كبر وعاش في مدينة ناصرة في الجليل.
معظم المعجزات وتعاليم يسوع حصلت في منطقة الجليل . =======

Galilee, Galilea

حقائق:

Facts:

الجليل كان ابعد منطقة شمال إسرائيل، بس شمال السامرة. “الجليلي” كان شخص ساكن في الجليل أو عايش في الجليل. Galilee was the most northern region of Israel, just north of Samaria. A “Galilean” was a person who lived in Galilee or who lived in Galilee.

الجليل ,السامرة و اليهوية كانوا التلاتة محافظات الرئيسية لاسرائيل في فترة العهد الجديد.

Galilee, Samaria, and Judea were the three main provinces of Israel during New Testament times.

الجليل حدودها في الشرق بتقع جنب بحيرة واسعة سموها “بحر الجليل”.

Galilee is bordered on the east by a large lake called the “Sea of Galilee.”

يسوع كبر وعاش في مدينة ناصرة في الجليل.

Jesus grew up and lived in the town of Nazareth in Galilee.

معظم المعجزات وتعاليم يسوع حصلت في منطقة الجليل .

Most of the miracles and teachings of Jesus took place in the region of Galilee.

(See also: Nazareth, Samaria, Sea of Galilee)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

21:10 The prophet Isaiah said the Messiah would live in Galilee, comfort broken-hearted people, and proclaim freedom to captives and release to prisoners.
26:1 After overcoming Satan’s temptations, Jesus returned in the power of the Holy Spirit to the region of Galilee where he lived.
39:6 Finally, the people said, “We know that you were with Jesus because you both are from Galilee.”
41:6 Then the angel told the women, “Go and tell the disciples, ‘Jesus has risen from the dead and he will go to Galilee ahead of you.’”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1551, G1056, G1057

حقائق:

Names :: حقائق:

كان اليشع نبي في إسرائيل في زمن مختلف من حكم ملوك إسرائيل: اخاب ،اخزيا ، يهورام ، ياهو ، يهواحاز ويواش.

الله كلم النبي إيليا أنو يمسح اليشع كنبي.

لمن شالوا إيليا للسماء في عربة نارية ،اليشع بقى نبي الله لملوك إسرائيل.
اليشع عمل معجزات كتيرة من ضمنها ، شفا راجل سوري عيان بالجذام ورجع ولد المرأة الشونمية من الموت.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Elijah, Naaman, prophet)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H477

حواء

Names :: حواء

حقائق

ده كان اسم امراء الاول و اسمها بيعني “الحياة” او “حي”

الله خلق حواء من الضلع الشالو من آدم
حواء خلقوها عشان تكون مساعد لادم، هي جاءت تساعدو في الشغل ال االله اداه ليهم عشان يعملوا
حواء كانت مجربة من الشيطان في شكل دبيب و هي أول من اخطأ لمن أكلت الثمر االله قال ما ياكلو.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Adam, life, Satan)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

1:13 Then God took one of Adam’s ribs and made it into a woman and brought her to him.
2:2 But there was a crafty snake in the garden. He asked the woman, “Did God really tell you not to eat the fruit from any of the trees in the garden?”
2:11 The man named his wife Eve, which means “life-giver,” because she would become the mother of all people.
21:1 God promised that a descendant of Eve would be born who would crush the snake’s head.
48:2 Satan spoke through the snake in the garden in order to deceive Eve.
49:8 When Adam and Eve sinned, it affected all of their descendants.
50:16 Because Adam and Eve disobeyed God and brought sin into this world, God cursed it and decided to destroy it.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2332, G2096

داود

Names :: داود

حقائق:

داود كان هو الملك التاني لإسرائيل وكان يحب الله ويخدمه. هو كان الكاتب الرئيسي لكتاب مزامير.

لمن داود كان لسه صبي صغير يرعى خرفان اسرته ، الله اختاره عشان يكون الملك الجاي لإسرائيل.
داود بقى مقاتل عظيم وقاد جيش اسرائيل في معارك ضد أعدائهم. غلبو جليات الفلسطيني المعروف شديد.
الملك شاول حاول عشان يقتل داود ولكن الله حماه ، وبقاه ملك بعد موت شاول.
يسوع ، المسيح ، بسمو “ولد داود” لأنو هو من نسل الملك داود.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Goliath, Philistines, Saul (OT))

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:2 God chose a young Israelite named David to be king after Saul. David was a shepherd from the town of Bethlehem. … David was a humble and righteous man who trusted and obeyed God.
17:3 David was also a great soldier and leader. When David was still a young man, he fought against a giant named Goliath.
17:4 Saul became jealous of the people’s love for David. Saul tried many times to kill him, so David hid from Saul.
17:5 God blessed David and made him successful. David fought many battles and God helped him defeat Israel’s enemies.
17:6 David wanted to build a temple where all the Israelites could worship God and offer him sacrifices.
17:9 David ruled with justice and faithfulness for many years, and God blessed him. However, toward the end of his life he sinned terribly against God.
17:13 God was very angry about what David had done, so he sent the prophet Nathan to tell David how evil his sin was. David repented of his sin and God forgave him. For the rest of his life, David followed and obeyed God, even in difficult times.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1732, G1138

راحاب

Names :: راحاب

حقائق:

راحاب مرأة كانت عايشة في أريحا لمن إسرائيل هاجموا المدينة. هي كانت زانية .

دست راحاب اتنين إسرائيليين الجوا يتجسسوا على أريحا قبل ما يهجمها الإسرائيليين. ساعدت الجاسوسين عشان يهربوا لمعسكر الإسرائيليين .
راحاب بقت مؤمنة بيهوه .
جات هي واسرتها عشان يعيشوا مع الإسرائيليين لمن الإسرائيليين دمروا أريحا وأنقذوها هى واسرتها .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Israel, Jericho, prostitute)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

15:1 In that city there lived a prostitute named Rahab who hid the spies and later helped them to escape. She did this because she believed God. They promised to protect Rahab and her family when the Israelites would destroy Jericho.
15:5 The Israelites destroyed everything in the city as God had commanded. Rahab and her family were the only people in the city that they did not kill. They became part of the Israelites.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7343, G4460

رحبهام

Names :: رحبهام

حقائق:

رحبهام كان واحد من اولاد الملك سليمان و بقى ملك لشعب اسرائيل لمن سليمان مات .

في بداية حكمه . رحبهام كان قاسي مع شعبه عشان كدا قبائل اسرائيل العشرة اتمردوا عليه وكونوا “مملكة اسرائيل” في الشمال .
استمر رحبهام ملك للمملكة يهوذاالجنوبية , البتشمل القبلتين الفضلو , يهوذا وبنيامين .
رحبهام كان هو الملك الشرير الما اطاع يهوه , لكن عبد الالهة الكاذبة .

(مقترحات الترجمة: [كيف يترجم الاسماء] )

(See also: kingdom of Israel, Judah, Solomon)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

18:5 After Solomon died, his son, Rehoboam, became king. Rehoboam was a foolish man.
18:6 Rehoboam answered foolishly and told them, “You thought my father Solomon made you work hard, but I will make you work harder than he did, and I will punish you more harshly than he did.”
18:7 Ten of the tribes of the nation of Israel rebelled against Rehoboam. Only two tribes remained faithful to him.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7346, G4497

رفقة

Names :: رفقة

حقائق

رفقة كانت البنت الاكبر لاخو ابراهيم ناحور .

الله اختار رفقة عشان تكون المراة لولد ابراهيم اسحاق .
رفقة خلت منطقة ارام نهاريم المكان العاشت فيها و مشت مع خادم ابراهيم الى منطقة النقب المكان الكان اسحاق عايش فيه .
لفترة طويلة رفقة ما كانت عندها اي عيال ،لكن اخيرا الله باركها بأولاد تيمان عيسو و يعقوب .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Aram, Esau, Isaac, Jacob, Nahor, Negev)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

6:2 After a very long journey to the land where Abraham’s relatives lived, God led the servant to Rebekah. She was the granddaughter of Abraham’s brother.
6:6 God told Rebekah, “There are two nations inside of you.”
7:1 As the boys grew up, Rebekah loved Jacob, but Isaac loved Esau.
7:3 Isaac wanted to give his blessing to Esau. But before he did, Rebekah and Jacob tricked him by having Jacob pretend to be Esau.
7:6 But Rebekah heard of Esau’s plan. So she sent Jacob far away to live with her relatives.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7259

روما , رومية

Names :: روما , رومية

<<<<<<< HEAD

حقائق:

في فترات العهد الجديد ، كانت مدينة روما مركز الإمبراطورية الرومانية. و هسى هي عاصمة دولة إيطاليا في العصر الحديث.

الإمبراطورية الرومانية حكمت كل المناطق الحول البحر الأبيض المتوسط حتى إسرائيل.
كلمة “روما” بشير لاي حاجة عندو علاقة بالمناطق المسيطر عليها الحكومة في روما، حتى المواطنين والمسؤولين الرومانيين.
شالوا الرسول بولس لمدينة روما كسجين لأنه بشر بالأخبارالسارة عن يسوع.
كتاب “رومية” في العهدالجديد هو رسالة كتبها بولس للمسيحيين في روما. =======

Rome, Roman

حقائق:

Facts:

في فترات العهد الجديد ، كانت مدينة روما مركز الإمبراطورية الرومانية. و هسى هي عاصمة دولة إيطاليا في العصر الحديث. In New Testament times, the city of Rome was the center of the Roman Empire. It is now the capital city of the modern-day country of Italy.

الإمبراطورية الرومانية حكمت كل المناطق الحول البحر الأبيض المتوسط حتى إسرائيل.

The Roman Empire ruled over all the regions around the Mediterranean Sea, including Israel.

كلمة “روما” بشير لاي حاجة عندو علاقة بالمناطق المسيطر عليها الحكومة في روما، حتى المواطنين والمسؤولين الرومانيين.

The term “Roman” referred to anything relating to the regions that the government in Rome controlled, including Roman citizens and Roman officials.

شالوا الرسول بولس لمدينة روما كسجين لأنه بشر بالأخبارالسارة عن يسوع.

The apostle Paul was taken to the city of Rome as a prisoner because he preached the good news about Jesus.

كتاب “رومية” في العهدالجديد هو رسالة كتبها بولس للمسيحيين في روما.

The New Testament book of “Romans” is a letter that Paul wrote to the Christians in Rome.

(See also: good news, the sea, Pilate, Paul)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

23:4 When the time was near for Mary to give birth, the Roman government told everyone to go for a census to the town where their ancestors had lived.
32:6 Then Jesus asked the demon, “What is your name?” He replied, “My name is Legion, because we are many.” (A “legion” was a group of several thousand soldiers in the Roman army.)
39:9 Early the next morning, the Jewish leaders brought Jesus to the Roman governor, Pilate, hoping to have Jesus killed.
39:12 The Roman soldiers whipped Jesus and put a royal robe and a crown made of thorns on him. Then they mocked him by saying, “Look, the King of the Jews!”

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4514, G4516

زكريا ، (عهد الجديد)

Names :: زكريا ، (عهد الجديد)

حقائق:

في العهد الجديد ،زكريا كان كاهن يهودي البقى اب ليوحنا المعمدان.

زكريا احب الله وأطاعه.
لسنوات كتيرة ، زكريا وزوجتو أليصابات ، صلوا بجدية عشان يلقوا جنى ، لكن ماكان عندهم ولا واحد . بعد دا لمن هم بقوا كبار ، الله استجاب صلواتهم واداهم ولد.
زكريا اتنبأ انو ولدو يوحنا حيكون النبي البيعلن ويجهز الطريق للمسيا. ======= #زكريا ، (عهد الجديد)

Zechariah (NT)

#حقائق

Facts:

*في العهد الجديد ،زكريا كان كاهن يهودي البقى اب ليوحنا المعمدان. In the New Testament, Zechariah was a Jewish priest who became the father of John the Baptist.

*زكريا احب الله وأطاعه.

Zechariah loved God and obeyed him.

*لسنوات كتيرة ، زكريا وزوجتو أليصابات ، صلوا بجدية عشان يلقوا جنى ، لكن ماكان عندهم ولا واحد . بعد دا لمن هم بقوا كبار ، الله استجاب صلواتهم واداهم ولد.

For many years Zechariah and his wife, Elizabeth, prayed earnestly to have a child, but did not have one. Then when they were very old, God answered their prayers and gave them a son.

*زكريا اتنبأ انو ولدو يوحنا حيكون النبي البيعلن ويجهز الطريق للمسيا.

Zechariah prophesied that his son John would be the prophet who would announce and prepare the way for the Messiah.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Christ, Elizabeth, prophet)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

22:1 Suddenly an angel came with a message from God to an old priest named Zechariah. Zechariah and his wife, Elizabeth, were godly people, but she had not been able to have any children.
22:2 The angel said to Zechariah, “Your wife will have a son. You will name him John.”
22:3 Immediately, Zechariah was unable to speak.
22:7 Then God allowed Zechariah to speak again.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2197

سارة ،ساراي

Names :: سارة ،ساراي

حقائق

كانت سارة زوجة ابراهيم .
كان اسمها في الاصل “ساراي” لكن الله غيرو “لسارة”.
سارة ولدت اسحق ،الولد الله وعد انو يديهم هي و ابراهيم.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, Isaac)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

5:1 So Abram’s wife, Sarai, said to him, “Since God has not allowed me to have children and now I am too old to have children, here is my servant, Hagar. Marry her also so she can have a child for me.”
5:4 “Your wife, Sarai, will have a son—he will be the son of promise.”
5:4 God also changed Sarai’s name to Sarah, which means “princess.”
5:5 About a year later, when Abraham was 100 years old and Sarah was 90, Sarah gave birth to Abraham’s son. They named him Isaac as God had told them to do.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8283, H8297, G4564

سامرة ، سامري

Names :: سامرة ، سامري

حقائق:

سامرة كانت اسم مدينة ومنطقة المحيط بها في الجزء الشمالى من اسرائيل. كانت االمنطقة ده تقع بين سهل شارون من غربها و شرقها نهر الاردن.

في العهد القديم السامرة كانت عاصمة المملكة الشمالية لاسرائيل .بعد فترة المنطقة الحولها سمو كمان السامرة.
لمن الاشوريين احتلوا مملكة اسرائيل الشمالية استولوا على مدينة السامرة و اجبروا معظم الاسرائيليين الفي الشمال عشان يخلوا المنطقة و نقلوهم بعيد لمدن مختلفة في اشور.
الاشوريين كمان جابوا اجانب كتار لمنطقة السامرة بدل الاسرائيليين الشالوهم.
بعض الاسرائيليين الفضلوا في المنقطة دي اتزوجوا الاجانب الجابوهم هناك و سمو نسلهم السامريين.
اليهود احتقروا السامريين لانو هم كانوا جزئيآ يهود و عشان اجدادهم عبدوا الهه وثنية.
في زمن العهد الجديد كان منطقة السامرة مجاور باقليم الجليل في جزء الشمالي و منطقة يهوذا في جزء الجنوبي.

(See also: Assyria, Galilee, Judea, Sharon, kingdom of Israel)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

20:4 Then the Assyrians brought foreigners to live in the land where the kingdom of Israel had been. The foreigners rebuilt the destroyed cities and married the Israelites who were left there. The descendants of the Israelites who married foreigners were called Samaritans.
27:8 “The next person to walk down that road was a Samaritan. (Samaritans were the descendants of Jews who had married people from other nations. Samaritans and Jews hated each other.)”
27:9 “The Samaritan then lifted the man onto his own donkey and took him to a roadside inn where he took care of him.”
45:7 He (Philip) went to Samaria where he preached about Jesus and many people were saved.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8111, H8115, H8118, G4540, G4541, G4542

سليمان

Names :: سليمان

حقائق:

كان سليمان واحد من اولاد الملك داود. كانت امه بثشبع.

لمن سليمان بقى ملك, الله كلمه عشان يطلب اي حاجة هو دايرو. لكن سليمان طلب الحكمة عشان يحكم الشعب كويس و بعدالة . الله كان فرحان بطلب سليمان و اداه الاتنين سوا الحكمة و الغنى الشديد.
سليمان برضو معروف انو عندو هيكل جميل مبنى في اورشليم.
رغم انو سليمان حكم بحكمة في سنينه الأول من الحكم، في النهاية عرس نسوان كتيراجنبيات بغباوة و بقى يعبد الهتهم .
بسبب خيانة سليمان، الله قسم الأسرائيليين بعد موته لاتنين مملكة، اسرائيل و يهوذا. المملكتين ديل دايما بقاتلوا بيناتهم.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Bathsheba, David, Israel, Judah, kingdom of Israel, temple)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:14 Later, David and Bathsheba had another son, and they named him Solomon.
18:1 After many years, David died, and his son Solomon began to rule. God spoke to Solomon and asked him what he wanted most. When Solomon asked for wisdom, God was pleased and made him the wisest man in the world. Solomon learned many things and was a very wise judge. God also made him very wealthy.
18:2 In Jerusalem, Solomon built the Temple for which his father David had planned and gathered materials.
18:3 But Solomon loved women from other countries.…When Solomon was old, he also worshiped their gods.
18:4 God was angry with Solomon and, as a punishment for Solomon’s unfaithfulness, he promised to divide the nation of Israel into two kingdoms after Solomon’s death.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8010, G4672

سيلا ،استفانوس

Names :: سيلا ،استفانوس

حقائق:

سيلا كان قائد وسط المؤمنين في اورشليم.

شيوخ الكنيسة في اورشليم عينو سيلا يمشي مع بولس وبرنابا عشان يشيلوا رسالة لمدينة أنطاكية.
بعد فترة سيلا سافر مع بولس لمدن تانيةعشان يعلموا الناس عن يسوع.
سجنوا بولس وسيلا في مدينة فيلبي. هم رنمو لله لمن كانوا هناك والله طلعهم من السجن. والسجان بقى مسيحي بسبب شهادتهم.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Antioch, Barnabas, Jerusalem, Paul, Philippi, prison, testimony)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

47:1 One day, Paul and his friend Silas went to the town of Philippi to proclaim the good news about Jesus.
47:2 She (Lydia) invited Paul and Silas to stay at her house, so they stayed with her and her family.
47:3 Paul and Silas often met with people at the place of prayer.
47:7 So the owners of the slave girl took Paul and Silas to the Roman authorities, who beat them and threw them into jail.
47:8 They put Paul and Silas in the most secure part of the prison and even locked up their feet.
47:11 The jailer trembled as he came to Paul and Silas and asked, “What must I do to be saved?”
47:13 The next day the leaders of the city released Paul and Silas from prison and asked them to leave Philippi. Paul and Silas visited Lydia and some other friends and then left the city.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4609, G4610

سيناء , حوريب

Names :: سيناء , حوريب

حقائق:

جبل سيناء أو جبل حوريب هو جبل يقع بالضبط في الجزءالجنوبي البسمو حاليا شبه جزيرة سيناء ، لكن مكان الجبل بالتحديد ما معروف .

من المحتمل “حوريب” كان الاسم الحقيقي للجبل و “جبل سيناء” ببساطة يعني “جبل لسيناء” ، يشير لحقيقة انو جبل حوريب كان بيقع في صحراء سيناء.
بسمو برضو “جبل الله”.
ده المكان الشاف فيه موسى الغابة المحترقة لمن كان بيرعى الخرفان .
ده كان المكان الله ظهر عهده للإسرائيليين و اداهم الالواح الحجرية المكتوب عليها الوصايا العشرة.
ده برضو المكان الله قال فيه لموسى عشان يضرب الحجر ويجيب موية للإسرائيليين زي ما كانوا متجولين في الصحراء.

(See also: desert, Ten Commandments)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

13:1 After God led the Israelites through the Red Sea, he led them through the wilderness to a mountain called Sinai.
13:3 Three days later, after the people had prepared themselves spiritually, God came down on top of Mount Sinai with thunder, lightning, smoke, and a loud trumpet blast.
13:11 For many days, Moses was on top of Mount Sinai talking with God.
15:13 Then Joshua reminded the people of their obligation to obey the covenant that God had made with the Israelites at Sinai.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2722, H5514, G3735, G4614

شاول

Names :: شاول

حقائق:

شاول كان رجل إسرائيلى الله اختاره عشان يكون أول ملك لإسرائيل.

كان شاول طويل ووسيم وجندي قوي. هو كان من نوع الرجال الدايرنو الإسرائيليين عشان يكون ملك ليهم.
برغم انو هو خدم الله فى البداية لكن في النهاية شاول بقى متكبر ومخالف لله .نتيجة ده الله عين داود في مكان شاول كملك وسمح بقتل شاول فى الحرب.
فى العهد الجديد، كان فى يهودى اسمو شاول المعروف برضو بأسم بولس البقى رسول ليسوع المسيح.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: king)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:1 Saul was the first king of Israel. He was tall and handsome, just like the people wanted. Saul was a good king for the first few years that he ruled over Israel. But then he became a wicked man who did not obey God, so God chose a different man who would one day be king in his place.
17:4 Saul became jealous of the people’s love for David. Saul tried many times to kill him, so David hid from Saul.
17:5 Eventually, Saul died in battle, and David became king of Israel.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7586, G4549

عيسو

Names :: عيسو

حقائق

عيسو كان واحد من اولاد اسحاق و رفقة التيمان .هو كان المولود الاول ليهم .اخوه التوم كان هو يعقوب .

عيسو باع حق البكورية حقو لاخوه يعقوب بماعون من الاكل
طالما عيسو اتولد اول ,كان من المفترض انو ابوه اسحاق يديه بركة خاصة .لكن يعقوب غش اسحاق عشان يديه البركة داك بدل ده .في البداية عيسو كان غضبان شديد لدرجة انو داير يقتل يعقوب ،لكن في النهاية هو سامحه .
كان عيسو عندو ابناء و احفاد كتير ، و النسل ده بشكلوا مجموعة كبيرة بعيشوا في ارض كنعان .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Edom, Isaac, Jacob, Rebekah)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

6:7 When Rebekah’s babies were born, the older son came out red and hairy, and they named him Esau.
7:2 So __Esau __ gave Jacob his rights as the oldest son.
7:4 When Isaac felt the goat hair and smelled the clothes, he thought it was Esau and blessed him.
7:5 Esau hated Jacob because Jacob had stolen his rights as oldest son and also his blessing.
7:10 But __Esau __ had already forgiven Jacob, and they were happy to see each other again.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6215, G2269

فرعون ، ملك مصر

Names :: فرعون ، ملك مصر

حقائق

الملوك الحكموا دولة مصر في الفترات القديمة كانوا يسموهم الفراعنة .

معآ,اكتر من 300 فرعون حكموا مصر لاكتر من 2000 سنة ،
ملوك المصريين ديل كانوا اغنياء و اقوياء شديد .
كتير من الفراعنة ديل مزكورين في الكتاب المقدس
غالبا ما يتم استخدام العنوان ده زي اسم ما كعنوان و في الحالة ده يمكن كتابته بأحرف كبيرة وكتابته على انو “فرعون” .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: egypt, king)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

8:6 One night, the Pharaoh, which is what the Egyptians called their kings, had two dreams that disturbed him greatly.
8:8 Pharaoh was so impressed with Joseph that he appointed him to be the second most powerful man in all of Egypt!
9:2 So the Pharaoh who was ruling over Egypt at that time made the Israelites slaves to the Egyptians.
9:13 “I will send you to Pharaoh so that you can bring the Israelites out of their slavery in Egypt.”
10:2 Through these plagues, God showed __Pharaoh __ that he is more powerful than Pharaoh and all of Egypt’s gods.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4428, H4714, H6547, G5328

فيلبي ،فيلبيين

Names :: فيلبي ،فيلبيين

حقائق:

فيلبي كانت مدينة رئيسية ومستعمرة رومانية بتقع في مقدونيا في الجزءالشمالي من اليونان القديمة. الناس الكانوا في فيلبي بسموهم فيلبيين.
بولس و سيلا سافرو لفيلبي عشان يبشروا الناس هناك عن يسوع.
لمن كان بولس وسيلا في فيلبي ، قبضوا عليهم ، لكن الله حررهم بمعجزة.
سفر فيلبي في العهد الجديد دي رسالة كتبها الرسول بولس للمسيحيين في كنيسة فيلبي.
لاحظ أنو دي مدينة مختلفة عن قيصرية فيلبي الكان بتقع شمال شرق إسرائيل جنب جبل حرمون.

(See also: Caesarea, Christian, church, Macedonia, Paul, Silas)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

47:1 One day, Paul and his friend Silas went to the town of Philippi to proclaim the good news about Jesus.
47:13 The next day the leaders of the city released Paul and Silas from prison and asked them to leave Philippi.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5374, G5375

كالب

Names :: كالب

حقائق:

كالب كان واحد من جواسيس اسرائيل الاثنا عشر الرسلهم موسى عشان يكتشفوا أرض كنعان.

هو ويشوع قالوا للناس عشان يثقوا بالله ليساعدهم يهزموا الكنعانيين .
كان يشوع وكالب هم الرجال الوحيدين من جيلهم السمحو ليهم يدخلوا كنعان ارض الموعد.
كالب طلب عشان يدوا أرض حبرون ليه ولأسرته. هو كان بعرف أنو الله حيساعده يهزم الناس العايشين هناك.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Hebron, Joshua)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

14:4 When the Israelites reached the edge of Canaan, Moses chose twelve men, one from each tribe of Israel. He gave the men instructions to go and spy on the land to see what it was like.
14:6 Immediately Caleb and Joshua, the other two spies, said, “It is true that the people of Canaan are tall and strong, but we can certainly defeat them! God will fight for us!”
14:8 “Except for Joshua and Caleb, everyone who is twenty years old or older will die there and never enter the Promised Land.”

so that they could live at peace in that land.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3612, H3614

كنعان, كنعاني

Names :: كنعان, كنعاني

الحقائق

كان كنعان ولد حام, الكان واحد من اولاد نوح. كان الكنعانيون من نسل كنعان

كلمة “كنعان” او “ارض كنعان” بورى برضو أرض لمنطقة بين نهر الأردن و البحر الأبيض المتوسط. و بمتد جنوب لحدود مصر و شمال لحدود سوريا.
الأرض ده كان بيسكن فيه الكنعانين, زي ما كان بسكن ناس من مجموعة اخر.
الله وعد بان يدي ارض كنعان الي ابراهيم و نسل, الأسرئيليين.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Ham, Promised Land)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

4:5 He (Abram) took his wife, Sarai, together with all his servants and everything he owned and went to the land God showed him, the land of Canaan.
4:6 When Abram arrived in Canaan God said, “Look all around you. I will give to you and your descendants all the land that you can see as an inheritance.”
4:9 “I give the land of Canaan to your descendants.”
5:3 “I will give you and your descendants the land of Canaan as their possession and I will be their God forever.”
7:8 After twenty years away from his home in Canaan, Jacob returned there with his family, his servants, and all his herds of animals.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3667, H3669, G5478

لعازر

Names :: لعازر

#حقائق:

لعازر و اخواتو ،مريم و مارثا كانوا اصدقاء خاص ليسوع . احيانا كان يسوع بقعد معاهم في بيتهم في بيت عنيا

لعازر بقى معروف بحقيقة أنو يسوع قومو من الموت بعد ما دفنوه في القبر لمدة أيام.
كان قادة اليهود غضبانين و غيرانين من يسوع لأنو هو عمل المعجزة دي ، وحاولوا يلقوا طريقةعشان يقتلوا بيهو يسوع و لعازر.
يسوع كمان ضرب مثل عن شحات فقير ورجل غنيان الفيهو كان الشحات دا راجل تاني اسمه “لعازر”.

(اقتراحات الترجمة: [كيف تترجم الأسماء (rc: // en / ta / man / translate / translate-names)) (Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: beg, Jewish leaders, Martha, Mary, raise)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

37:1 One day, Jesus received a message that Lazarus was very sick. Lazarus and his two sisters, Mary and Martha, were close friends of Jesus.
37:2 Jesus said, “Our friend Lazarus has fallen asleep, and I must wake him.”
37:3 Jesus’ disciples replied, “Master, if Lazarus is sleeping, then he will get better.” Then Jesus told them plainly, “Lazarus is dead.”
37:4 When Jesus arrived at Lazarus’ hometown, Lazarus had already been dead for four days.
37:6 Jesus asked them, “Where have you put Lazarus?”
37:9 Then Jesus shouted, “Lazarus, come out!”
37:10 So Lazarus came out! He was still wrapped in grave clothes.
37:11 But the religious leaders of the Jews were jealous, so they gathered together to plan how they could kill Jesus and Lazarus.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2976

مديان , مديانيين

Names :: مديان , مديانيين

حقائق:

مديان كان جنى إبراهيم ومرتو قطورة . كمان دا اسم لمجموعة من الشعب ومنطقة تقع في شمال الصحراءالعربية لجنوب أرض كنعان . مجموعةالناس ديل كانوا بسموهم “الميديانين”.

لمن موسى خلى مصر لأول مرة ، مشى لمنطقة ميديان وقابل بنات يثرون وساعدهم يسقوا بهائمهم . وفي النهاية موسى عرس واحدة من بنات يثرون .
يوسف شالو لمصر بواسطة مجموعة من تجار العبيد الميديانيين .
بعد سنوات كتيرة الميديانين هاجموا الإسرائيليين في أرض كنعان و جدعون قاد الإسرائيليين لهزيمتهم .
كتير من القبائل العربية في العصر الجديد هم من نسل المجموعة دي .

(See also Arabia, Egypt, flock, Gideon, Jethro, Moses)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

16:3 But then the people forgot about God and started worshiping idols again. So God allowed the Midianites, a nearby enemy people group, to defeat them.
16:4 The Israelites were so scared, they hid in caves so the Midianites would not find them.
16:11 The man’s friend said, “This dream means that Gideon’s army will defeat the Midianite army!”
16:14 God confused the Midianites, so that they started attacking and killing each other.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4080, H4084, H4092

مريم, ام يسوع

Names :: مريم, ام يسوع

<<<<<<< HEAD

حقائق:

مريم كانت مراة شابة عايشة في مدينة الناصرة الكان تعهدت انها تكون زوجة لرجل اسمه يوسف. الله اختار مريم عشان تكون ام ليسوع المسيح, ابن الله.

الروح القدس بمعجزة خلى مريم تكون حامل بما انها كانت عذراء.
الملاك كلم مريم انو الطفل البتلديهو بكون ابن الله و هي لازم تسميه يسوع.
مريم احبت الله و سبحته لانو كان انعم عليها.
يوسف زوج مريم, لكن هي استمرت عذراء حتى بعد ماولدت الطفل.
مريم فكرت شديد في الحاجات العجيبة القالها الرعاة و الحكماء عن الطفل يسوع.
مريم و يوسف شالوا الطفل يسوع للهيكل عشان يكرسه. بعد فترة شالوه لمصر عشان يهربوا من موآمرة الملك هيرودس لقتل الطفل. في النهاية هم رجعوا لناصرة.
لمن يسوع كبر، مريم كانت معاه لمن غير الموية لخمر في حفل زفاف في قانا.
الأناجيل كمان ذكرت أنو مريم كانت جنب الصليب لمن يسوع كان ماشي يموت على الصليب. هو كلم تلميذه يوحنا أنو يعتني بها زي امه. =======

Mary, the mother of Jesus

#حقائق:

Facts:

مريم كانت مراة شابة عايشة في مدينة الناصرة الكان تعهدت انها تكون زوجة لرجل اسمه يوسف. الله اختار مريم عشان تكون ام ليسوع المسيح, ابن الله. Mary was a young woman living in the city of Nazareth who was pledged to be married to a man named Joseph. God chose Mary to be the mother of Jesus the Messiah, the Son of God.

الروح القدس بمعجزة خلى مريم تكون حامل بما انها كانت عذراء.

The Holy Spirit miraculously caused Mary to become pregnant while she was a virgin.

الملاك كلم مريم انو الطفل البتلديهو بكون ابن الله و هي لازم تسميه يسوع.

An angel told Mary that the baby to be born to her was the Son of God and that she must name him Jesus.

مريم احبت الله و سبحته لانو كان انعم عليها.

Mary loved God and praised him for being gracious to her.

يوسف زوج مريم, لكن هي استمرت عذراء حتى بعد ماولدت الطفل.

Joseph married Mary, but she remained a virgin until after the baby was born.

مريم فكرت شديد في الحاجات العجيبة القالها الرعاة و الحكماء عن الطفل يسوع.

Mary thought deeply about the amazing things that the shepherds and wise men said about the baby Jesus.

مريم و يوسف شالوا الطفل يسوع للهيكل عشان يكرسه. بعد فترة شالوه لمصر عشان يهربوا من موآمرة الملك هيرودس لقتل الطفل. في النهاية هم رجعوا لناصرة.

Mary and Joseph took the baby Jesus to be dedicated at the temple. Later they took him to Egypt to escape King Herod’s plot to kill the baby. Eventually they moved back to Nazareth.

لمن يسوع كبر، مريم كانت معاه لمن غير الموية لخمر في حفل زفاف في قانا.

When Jesus was an adult, Mary was with him when he changed water to wine at a wedding in Cana.

الأناجيل كمان ذكرت أنو مريم كانت جنب الصليب لمن يسوع كان ماشي يموت على الصليب. هو كلم تلميذه يوحنا أنو يعتني بها زي امه.

The gospels also mention that Mary was at the cross when Jesus was dying. He told his disciple John to take care of her like his own mother.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

22:4 When Elizabeth was six months pregnant, the same angel appeared to Elizabeth’s relative, whose name was Mary. She was a virgin and was engaged to be married to a man named Joseph. The angel said, “You will become pregnant and give birth to a son. You are to name him Jesus and he will be the Messiah.”
22:5 The angel explained, “The Holy Spirit will come to you, and the power of God will overshadow you. So the baby will be holy, the Son of God.” Mary believed and accepted what the angel said.
22:6 Soon after the angel spoke to Mary, she went and visited Elizabeth. As soon as Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, Elizabeth’s baby jumped inside her.
23:2 The angel said, “Joseph, do not be afraid to take Mary as your wife. The baby in her body is from the Holy Spirit.”
23:4 Joseph and Mary had to make a long journey from where they lived in Nazareth to Bethlehem because their ancestor was David whose hometown was Bethlehem.
49:1 An angel told a virgin named Mary that she would give birth to God’s Son. So while she was still a virgin, she gave birth to a son and named him Jesus.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3137

مصر ،مصري

Names :: مصر ،مصري

حقائق

مصر هي دولة في الجزء الشمال الشرقي من افريقيا ،الى الجنوب الغربي من ار ض كنعان .المصري هو شخص من دولة مصر .

في الزمان القديم, كانت مصر دولةقوية و غنية.
كان مصر القديمة منقسم الى جزئين ،مصر التحت (الجزء الشمالى المنو يتدفق النيل الى البحر ) و مصر الفوق (الجزء الجنوبي )، في العهد القديم, الاجزاء ديل بيوري “مصر” و “فتروس” في نص اللغة الاصلية .
مرات كتير لمن الاكل يكون شوية في كنعان ، جدود الاسرائيلين بسافروا لمصر عشان يشتروا اكل لأسرهم .
لعدة مئات السنين، الاسرائيلين كانوا عبيد في مصر
يوسف و مريم نزلوا لمصر بالجنى الصغير يسوع، عشان يهربوه من هيرودس العظيم .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

8:4 The slave traders took Joseph to Egypt. Egypt was a large, powerful country located along the Nile River.
8:8 Pharaoh was so impressed with Joseph that he appointed him to be the second most powerful man in all of Egypt!
8:11 So Jacob sent his older sons to __Egypt __ to buy food.
8:14 Even though Jacob was an old man, he moved to Egypt with all of his family, and they all lived there.
9:1 After Joseph died, all of his relatives stayed in Egypt.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4713, H4714, G124, G125

مملكة اسرائيل

Names :: مملكة اسرائيل

حقائق:

الجزءالشمالي من دولة إسرائيل بقت مملكة إسرائيل لمن الاثنا عشرة قبيلة إسرائيل انقسموا لمملكتين بعد موت سليمان.

مملكة اسرائيل في الشمال عندها عشرة قبائل ، ومملكة يهوزا في الجنوب عندها قبيلتين .
عاصمة مملكة اسرائيل كانت اسمها السامرة .كانت تبعد مسافة 50 كيلومتر من اورشليم عاصمة مملكة يهوذا .
كل ملوك مملكة اسرائيل كانوا اشرار .اثروا على الشعب انو يعبدوا الاصنام و الالهه الكاذبة .
الله رسل السريانيين عشان يهجموا على مملكة اسرائيل .اسرائيليين كتار قبضوهم و شالوهم لسوريا
السوريين جابوا الاجانب عشان يعيشوا بين الناس الفضلو في مملكة اسرائيل .الاجانب ديل اتزاوجوا مع الاسرائيليين و نسلهم بقوا شعب السامرة .

(See also: Assyria, Israel, Judah, Jerusalem, kingdom, Samaria)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

18:8 The other ten tribes of the nation of Israel that rebelled against Rehoboam appointed a man named Jeroboam to be their king. They set up their kingdom in the northern part of the land and were called the kingdom of Israel.
18:10 The kingdoms of Judah and Israel became enemies and often fought against each other.
18:11 In the new kingdom of Israel, all the kings were evil.
20:1 The kingdoms of Israel and Judah both sinned against God.
20:2 The kingdom of Israel was destroyed by the Assyrian Empire, a powerful, cruel nation. The Assyrians killed many people in the kingdom of Israel, took away everything of value, and burned much of the country.
20:4 Then the Assyrians brought foreigners to live in the land where the kingdom of Israel had been. The foreigners rebuilt the destroyed cities and married the Israelites who were left there. The descendants of the Israelites who married foreigners were called Samaritans.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3478, H4410, H4467, H4468

مملكة يهوذا، يهوذا

Names :: مملكة يهوذا، يهوذا

حقائق:

كان قبيلة يهوذا أكبر قبائل إسرائيل الاثنا عشر. كانت مملكة يهوذا مكونة من قبيلة يهوذا وبنيامين.

بعد موت الملك سليمان ،انقسمت أمة إسرائيل إلى مملكين: إسرائيل و يهوذا. مملكة يهوذا كانت هي المملكة جنوبية و تقع غرب بحر الملح .
كانت اورشليم عاصمة مملكة يهوذا.
ثمانية ملوك يهوذا عبدو يهوه و خلوا الشعب يعبدوه . كان ملوك يهوذا التانين اشرار وقادوا الناس لعبادة الأصنام.
بعد اكتر من 120 سنة لمن السريانيين هذموا إسرائيل(المملكة الشمالية ) ، احتلت امة بابل يهوذا و دمروا البابليون المدينة و المعبد،و شالو كتير من شعب يهوذا الى بابل.

انظر ايضا: يهوذا (…/الأسماء/) البحر الملح.

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

18:7 Only two tribes remained faithful to him (Rehoboam). These two tribes became the kingdom of Judah.
18:10 The kingdoms of Judah and Israel became enemies and often fought against each other.
18:13 The kings of Judah were descendants of David. Some of these kings were good men who ruled justly and worshiped God. But most of Judah’s kings were evil, corrupt, and they worshiped idols.
20:1 The kingdoms of Israel and Judah both sinned against God.
20:5 The people in the kingdom of Judah saw how God had punished the people of the kingdom of Israel for not believing and obeying him. But they still worshiped idols, including the gods of the Canaanites.
20:6 About 100 years after the Assyrians destroyed the kingdom of Israel, God sent Nebuchadnezzar, king of the Babylonians, to attack the kingdom of Judah.
20:9 Nebuchadnezzar and his army took almost all of the people of the kingdom of Judah to Babylon, leaving only the poorest people behind to plant the fields.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4438, H3063

موسى

Names :: موسى

حقائق

موسى كان نبي و قائد لشعب اسرائيل لاكتر من 40 سنة. هو كان قائد لشعب أسرائيل لمن طلعو من مصر. زي ما وصفوه في كتاب خروج.

لمن موسى كان جنى, ابوه و امه ختوه في قفة و في قصب نهر النيل عشان يدسوه من فرعون مصر. مريم اخت موسى كانت بتعاين من هناك…حياة موسى انقذوه لمن بت فبعون لقاه و شالته للقصر عشان يربيه زي جناها
الله اختار موسى عشان يحرر الأسرائيلين من العبودية في مصر و يوديهم الي ارض الموعد.
بعد ما الأسرائيلين هربوا من مصر و لمن كانوا متجولين في الصحرا. الله ادى موسى اتنين لوح من الحجر مكتوب فيه الوصاياالعشرة .
قريب من نهاية حياته, موسى شاف ارض الموعد, لكن ما قدر يعيش فيه, عشان هو خالف الله

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Miriam, Promised Land, Ten Commandments)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

9:12 One day while Moses was taking care of his sheep, he saw a bush that was on fire.
12:5 Moses told the Israelites, “Stop being afraid! God will fight for you today and save you.”
12:7 God told Moses to raise his hand over the sea and divide the waters.
12:12 When the Israelites saw that the Egyptians were dead, they trusted in God and believed that Moses was a prophet of God.
13:7 Then God wrote these Ten Commandments on two stone tablets and gave them to Moses.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4872, H4873, G3475

ناثان

Names :: ناثان

حقائق:

كان ناثان نبي الله ألامين العاش لمن داود كان ملك على إسرائيل.

الله رسل ناثان عشان يواجهة داود لمن هو أخطأ بشكل خطير ضد أوريا.
ناثان وبخ داود برغم من حقيقة أنو داود كان الملك.
داود تاب عن خطيته بعد ما ناثان واجهه .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: David, faithful, prophet, Uriah)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

17:7 God sent the prophet Nathan to David with this message, “Because you are a man of war, you will not build this Temple for me.”
17:13 God was very angry about what David had done, so he sent the prophet Nathan to tell David how evil his sin was.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5416, G3481

ناصرة، ناصري

Names :: ناصرة، ناصري

<<<<<<< HEAD

حقائق:

الناصرة هى مدينة فى منطقة الجليل فى شمال اسرائيل. تبعد تقريبآ 100 كيلو متر شمال اورشليم، و بشيل تقريبآ تلاتة لخمسة ايام عشان تسافر برجلك.

مريم و يوسف كانوا من الناصرة، وده المكان الربو فيه يسوع, عشان كدا يسوع بقى معروف ب "الناصرى.
كتير من اليهود العايشين في الناصرة ما احترموا تعاليم يسوع لأنو اتربى معاهم، وافتكروا أنو هو كان بس شخص عادي.
و في يوم ، لمن كان يسوع يعلّم في هيكل الناصرة، اليهود حاولوا يقتلو لأنه قال هو المسيح وانتهرهم على رفضهم ليهو.
الملاحظة القالها نثنائيل لمن سمع أن يسوع من الناصرة بوري أنو المدينة دي ما بتكون في مكانة مقدرة شديد. =======

Nazareth, Nazarene

حقائق:

Facts:

الناصرة هى مدينة فى منطقة الجليل فى شمال اسرائيل. تبعد تقريبآ 100 كيلو متر شمال اورشليم، و بشيل تقريبآ تلاتة لخمسة ايام عشان تسافر برجلك.
Nazareth is a town in the region of Galilee in northern Israel. It is about 100 kilometers north of Jerusalem, and it takes about three to five days to travel there on foot.

مريم و يوسف كانوا من الناصرة، وده المكان الربو فيه يسوع, عشان كدا يسوع بقى معروف ب "الناصرى.

Joseph and Mary were from Nazareth, and this is where they raised Jesus. That is why Jesus was known as “the Nazarene.”

كتير من اليهود العايشين في الناصرة ما احترموا تعاليم يسوع لأنو اتربى معاهم، وافتكروا أنو هو كان بس شخص عادي.

Many of the Jews living in Nazareth did not respect Jesus’ teaching because he had grown up among them, and they thought he was just an ordinary person.

و في يوم ، لمن كان يسوع يعلّم في هيكل الناصرة، اليهود حاولوا يقتلو لأنه قال هو المسيح وانتهرهم على رفضهم ليهو.

Once, when Jesus was teaching in Nazareths synagogue, the Jews there tried to kill him because he claimed to be the Messiah and had rebuked them for rejecting him.

الملاحظة القالها نثنائيل لمن سمع أن يسوع من الناصرة بوري أنو المدينة دي ما بتكون في مكانة مقدرة شديد.

The remark Nathaniel made when he heard that Jesus was from Nazareth indicated that this city was not thought of very highly.

(See also: Christ, Galilee, Joseph (NT), Mary)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

23:4 Joseph and Mary had to make a long journey from where they lived in Nazareth to Bethlehem because their ancestor was David whose hometown was Bethlehem.
26:2 Jesus went to the town of Nazareth where he had lived during his childhood.
26:7 The people of Nazareth dragged Jesus out of the place of worship and brought him to the edge of a cliff to throw him off of it in order to kill him.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3478, G3479, G3480

نبوخذنصر

Names :: نبوخذنصر

حقائق:

كان نبوخذنصر ملك للإمبراطورية البابلية الكان جيشه قوي شديد واحتل الكتير من الشعوب والأمم.

تحت قيادة نبوخذنصر،هاجم الجيش البابلي مملكة يهوذا واحتلاها و شال معظم شعب يهوذا لبابل كأسرى. واجبروا الأسرى عشان يعيشوا هناك لفترة 70 سنة عرفوا “بالمنفى البابلي”.
دانيال واحد من المنفيين، فسر بعض أحلام ملك نبوخذنصر.
ثلاثة أسرى إسرائيليين آخرين، حنانيا ، ميشائيل ، وعزريا ، رموهم في فرن ناري لمن رفضوا يسجدوا لتمثال الدهب العملاق العملو نبوخذنصر.

كان مغرور شديد وعبد الآلهة الكاذبة. لمن احتلوا يهوذا، سرق حاجات كتيرة من قطعات دهب وفضة من الهيكل في اورشليم.

لأن نبوخذنصر كان متكبر ورفض عشان يبتعد عن عبادة الآلهة الكاذبة، يهوه خلاهو في احتياج لسبع سنوات و يعيش كحيوان . بعد السبع سنوات ، الله رجع نبوخذنصر لمن هو اتواضع وسبح الله الواحد الحقيقي ، يهوه.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: arrogant, Azariah, Babylon, Hananiah, Mishael)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

20:6 About 100 years after the Assyrians destroyed the kingdom of Israel, God sent Nebuchadnezzar, king of the Babylonians, to attack the kingdom of Judah.
20:6 The king of Judah agreed to be Nebuchadnezzar’s servant and pay him a lot of money every year.
20:8 To punish the king of Judah for rebelling, Nebuchadnezzar’s soldiers killed the king’s sons in front of him and then made him blind.
20:9 Nebuchadnezzar and his army took almost all of the people of the kingdom of Judah to Babylon, leaving only the poorest people behind to plant the fields.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5019, H5020

نعمان

Names :: نعمان

حقايق:

في العهد القديم ، نعمان كان قائد لجيش الملك آرام.

كان نعمان عندو مرض جلدي صعب بسموه جذام الكان ما بتعالج.
عبد يهودي في بيت نعمان كلمو أنو يمشي يطلب من النبي إليشع عشان يشفيه.
اليشع قال لنعمان يغتسل/يستحم سبع مرات في نهر الأردن. لمن نعمان اطاعه ، الله شفاه من مرضه.
و نتيجة ده ،نعمان امن بالله الحقيقي الوحيد ، يهوه .
اتنين رجال تانيين سموهم نعمان كانوا من نسل يعقوب ولد بنيامين .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Aram, Jordan River, leprosy, prophet)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

19:14 One of the miracles happened to Naaman, an enemy commander, who had a horrible skin disease.
19:15 At first Naaman was angry and would not do it because it seemed foolish. But later he changed his mind and dipped himself seven times in the Jordan River.
26:6 “He (Elisha) only healed the skin disease of Naaman, a commander of Israel’s enemies.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5283, G3497

نهر الاردن , الاردن

Names :: نهر الاردن , الاردن

حقائق:

نهر الأردن هو نهر بيجري من الشمال الى الجنوب و بشكل الحدود الشرقي للأرض الكان بسمو كنعان.

اليوم ،نهر الأردن بيقسم إسرائيل عن غربها ومن الأردن على شرقها.
بجري نهر الأردن عبر بحر الجليل ويصب في البحر الميت.
لمن يشوع قاد الإسرائيليين لكنعان ، كانو لازم يعبروا نهر الأردن. كان غريق شديد عشان يعبروا بشكل عادي ، لكن الله بمعجزة وقف النهر من الجري عشان يقدروا يمشوا و يعبروا النهر.
غالبآ في الكتاب المقدس نهرالأردن بشيرو ليه “بالأردن”.

(See also: Canaan, Salt Sea, Sea of Galilee)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

15:2 The Israelites had to cross the Jordan River to enter into the Promised Land.
15:3 After the people crossed the Jordan River, God told Joshua how to attack the powerful city of Jericho.
19:14 Elisha told him (Naaman) to dip himself seven times in the Jordan River.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3383, G2446

نهر النيل, نهر مصر, النيل

Names :: نهر النيل, نهر مصر, النيل

حقائق

النيل هو نهر واسع و طويل شديد في شمال شرق افريقيا. و هو معروف بشكل خاص زي النهر الرئيسي لمصر.

نهر النيل يصب شمال عبر مصر و في البحر الأبيض المتوسط.
تنمو المحاصيل بشكل جيد في الأرض الخصبة علي جانبين من نهر النيل.
معظم المصريين بعيشو قريب نهر النيل عشان هو مصدر مهم لموية محاصيل الأكل.
عاش الإسرائيليين في أرض جاسان الكان خصبة شديد لأنو كانت تقع على طول نهر النيل
لمن كان موسى طفل، ابوه و امه ختو في قفه بين قصب النيل عشان يدسوه من رجال فرعون.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Egypt, Goshen, Moses)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

8:4 Egypt was a large, powerful country located along the Nile River.
9:4 Pharaoh saw that the Israelites were having many babies, so he ordered his people to kill all Israelite baby boys by throwing them into the Nile River.
9:6 When the boy’s parents could no longer hide him, they put him in a floating basket among the reeds along the edge of the Nile River in order to save him from being killed.
10:3 God turned the Nile River into blood, but Pharaoh still would not let the Israelites go.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H216, H2975, H4714, H5104

نوح

Names :: نوح

##حقائق

كان نوح رجل عاش منذاكتر من 4,000 سنين الفات, في زمن الله رسل الطوفان لكل الدنيا عشان يدمر كل الناس الأشرار . الله كلم نوح عشان يبني مركب كبير الممكن هو و اسرته يعيشوا فيها لمن مياه الطوفان يغطي الارض كلها.

كان نوح رجل صالح يطيع الله في كل حاجة
لمن الله قال لنوح كيف يبني المركب الكبير, هو بناه بالضبط زي ما الله قال ليه .
جوه المركب, نوح و اسرته كانوا بأمان, وبعد فترة ،عياله و عيال عياله ملو الأرض تاني بالناس .
كل واحد ولدو في زمن الطوفان هو من نسل نوح

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: descendant, ark)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

3:2 But Noah found favor with God.
3:4 Noah obeyed God. He and his three sons built the boat just the way God had told them.
3:13 Two months later God said to Noah, “You and your family and all the animals may leave the boat now. Have many children and grandchildren and fill the earth.” So Noah and his family came out of the boat.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5146, G3575

هاجر

Names :: هاجر

حقائق

كانت هاجر مراه مصرية الكانت خادمة لساراي شخصيآ.

لمن ساراي ما قدرت تلدي عيال، هي ادت خادمتها هاجر لابرام راجلها لتلدي منو ولد *هاجر حملت وولدت لابرام ولدو اسماعيل .
لله كان بنظر هاجر لمن كانت متضايقة في الصحراء ووعدها بانو حيبارك نسلها.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Abraham, descendant, Ishmael, Sarah, servant)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

5:1 So Abram’s wife, Sarai, said to him, “Since God has not allowed me to have children and now I am too old to have children, here is my servant, Hagar. Marry her also so she can have a child for me.”
5:2 Hagar had a baby boy, and Abram named him Ishmael.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1904

هارون

Names :: هارون

حقائق

هارون كان اخو موسى الكبير.الله اختاره عشان يكون الكاهن الاعلى الاول لشعب اسرائيل .

*هارون ساعد موسى عشان يكلم فرعون يخلي شعب اسرائيل يمشوااحرار.

لمن الشعب كانوا مسافرين في الصحراء هارون اخطاء لمن عمل ليهم صنم عشان يعبدوا .
الله كمان عين هارون و نسله عشان يكونوا كهنة لشعب اسرائيل .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: priest, Moses, Israel)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

9:15 God warned Moses and Aaron that Pharaoh would be stubborn.
10:5 Pharaoh called Moses and Aaron and told them that if they stopped the plague, the Israelites could leave Egypt.
13:9 God chose Moses’ brother, Aaron, and Aaron’s descendants to be his priests.
13:11 So they (the Israelites) brought gold to Aaron and asked him to form it into an idol for them!
14:7 They (the Israelites) became angry with Moses and Aaron and said, “Oh, why did you bring us to this horrible place?”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0175, G0002

يربعام

Names :: يربعام

حقائق:

كان يربعام ابن نباط اول ملك لمملكة اسرائيل الشمالية حوالى 900 _910 قبل الميلاد . بعد 120 سنة كان في يربعام تاني ولد الملك يشوع حكم اسرائيل .

يهوه ادى يربعام نبوة بانو حيكون ملك بعد سليمان و حيحكم عشرة قبائل اسرائيل .
لمن الملك سليمان مات ،اتمرد قبائل اسرائيل الشمالية على ولد سليمان رحبعام وبدلا من ده عملو يربعام ملك ليهم وخلو رحبعام ملك للقبيلتين الجنوبية فقط قبيلة يهوذا و بنيامين .
يربعام بقى ملك شرير و قاد شعب اسرائيل بعيد من عبادة يهوه و بدلا من ده عمل ليهم اصنام عشان يعبدوها . كل ملوك اسرائيل التانيين تبعوا مثال يربعام وكانوا اشرار زي ما هو كان شرير .
بعد 120 سنة تقريبا، جاء ملك تاني اسمو يربعام وحكم مملكة اسرائيل الشمالية.يربعام ده كان ولد الملك يشوع وكان شرير زي الملوك القبلو .
بالرغم من شر الاسرائيلين الله كان رحيم معاهم و ساعد الملك يربعام عشان يربح ارض و يعمل حدود لمقاطعتهم .

(مقترحات الترجمة: [ترجمة اسماء])

(See also: false god, kingdom of Israel, Judah, Solomon)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

18:8 The other ten tribes of the nation of Israel that rebelled against Rehoboam appointed a man named Jeroboam to be their king.
18:9 Jeroboam rebelled against God and caused the people to sin. He built two idols for his people to worship instead of worshiping God at the Temple in the kingdom of Judah.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3379

يشوع

Names :: يشوع

حقائق:

كان فى رجال إسرائيليين كتار سموهم يشوع في الكتاب المقدس. المعروف اكتر هو يشوع ولد نون الكان مساعد لموسى و في نهاية بقى قائد مهم لشعب الله.

كان يشوع واحد من الجواسيس الاثنا عشر الرسلهم موسى عشان يكتشفوا أرض الموعد.
سوا مع كالب ، يشوع شجع شعب إسرائيل عشان يطيعوا أمر الله ليدخلوا أرض الموعد ويهزموا الكنعانيين
بعد سنين كتيرة لمن موسى مات ،الله عين يشوع عشان يقود شعب إسرائيل لارض الموعد .
في المعركة الأولى والمشهورة اكتر ضد الكنعانيين ، قاد يشوع الإسرائيليين ليهزيموا مدينة أريحا.
بكلمنا سفر يشوع في العهد القديم كيف قاد يشوع الإسرائيليين للسيطرة على أرض الموعد وكيف خصص لكل قبيلة من إسرائيل جزء من ارض ليعيش فيه.
يشوع بن يوزاداق المذكور في سفري حجي وزكريا، هو كان رئيس الكهنة الساعد في تجديد بنيان أسوار اورشليم
كان في رجال تانيين سموهم يشوع مذكورين في سلسلة الأنساب وفي أماكن تانية من الكتاب المقدس.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Canaan, Haggai, Jericho, Moses, Promised Land, Zechariah (OT))

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

14:4 When the Israelites reached the edge of Canaan, Moses chose twelve men, one from each tribe of Israel. He gave the men instructions to go and spy on the land to see what it was like.
14:6 Immediately Caleb and Joshua, the other two spies, said, “It is true that the people of Canaan are tall and strong, but we can certainly defeat them!”
14:8 “Except for Joshua and Caleb, everyone who is twenty years old or older will die there and never enter the Promised Land.”
14:14 Moses was now very old, so God chose Joshua to help him lead the people.
14:15 Joshua was a good leader because he trusted and obeyed God.
15:3 After the people crossed the Jordan River, God told Joshua how to attack the powerful city of Jericho.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3091, G2424

يعقوب ،اسرائيل

Names :: يعقوب ،اسرائيل

حقائق

يعقوب كان الولد التوم الاصغر لأسحاق من رفقة .الله غير اسمه الى “اسرائيل” .نسله بقوا امة اسرائيل

يعقوب هو اخر الاباء الثلاثة لأمة اسرائيل :ابراهيم ،اسحق و يعقوب .نسل اولاد يعقوب الاثناءعشر لانهم من قبائل اسرائيل الاثناءعشر
اسم يعقوب بشبه الكلمة العبري البعني “كعب” زي ما كان يعقوب اتولد ماسك كعب اخوه التوم عيسو .في زمن العهد القديم، كان الكعب جزء من الجسم مرتبط بالجزء الخلفي من جسم الشخص ،الاسم العبري يعقوب احتمال كان مرتبط بفكرة هجوم شخص من الخلف .
بعد سنين كتيرة الله غير اسم يعقوب الى “اسرائيل” المعناه الصحيح “انه يتصارع مع الله”.
يعقوب ازوج بنات لابان الاتنين ليه و راحيل وكمان زلفة وبلهة خداماتم.النسوان الاربعة ديل بقوا امهات للاتناءعشر اولاد البقوا اباء اجداد لاثنا عشر قبائل اسرائيل .
في العهد الجديد زكروا اسم راجل تاني اسمه يعقوب بانو هو ابو يوسف في سلسلة نسب متى .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

7:1 As the boys grew up, Rebekah loved Jacob, but Isaac loved Esau. Jacob loved to stay at home, but Esau loved to hunt.
7:7 Jacob lived there for many years, and during that time he married and had twelve sons and a daughter. God made him very wealthy.
7:8 After twenty years away from his home in Canaan, Jacob returned there with his family, his servants, and all his herds of animals.
7:10 The covenant promises God had promised to Abraham and then to Isaac now passed on to Jacob.
8:1 Many years later, when Jacob was an old man, he sent his favorite son, Joseph, to check on his brothers who were taking care of the herds.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3290, G2384

يهوذا الإسخريوطي

Names :: يهوذا الإسخريوطي

حقائق:

يهوذا الإسخريوطي كان واحد من رسل يسوع. هو الخان يسوع لقادة اليهود.

اسم “الاسخريوطي” ممكن يعني “من قريوت”، و احتمال يشير أنو يهوذا اتربى في المدينة داك.
يهوذا الإسخريوطي كان بدير اموال الرسل، وكان دايما بسرق منه عشان يستخدمو لنفسه.
يهوذا خان يسوع لمن ورى القادةالدينيين بمكان يسوع، عشان ممكن يقبضوا عليهو.
بعد ما القادة الدينيين حكموا على يسوع بالموت، يهوذا ندم انو خان يسوع، بعد داك رجع قروش الخيانة لقادة اليهود و قتل نفسه.
يهوذا ابن يعقوب كان وأحد من رسل يسوع التانيين. هو ماكان نفس يهوذا الاسخريوطي.
واحد من اخوان يسوع كان اسمو يهوذا. هو في الأخر بقى معروف ب “يهوذا”. هو ما كان نفس يهوذا الاسخريوطي.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

38:2 One of Jesus’ disciples was a man named Judas. … After Jesus and the disciples arrived in Jerusalem, Judas went to the Jewish leaders and offered to betray Jesus to them in exchange for money.
38:3 The Jewish leaders, led by the high priest, paid Judas thirty silver coins to betray Jesus.
38:14 Judas came with the Jewish leaders, soldiers, and a large crowd. They were all carrying swords and clubs. Judas came to Jesus and said, “Greetings, teacher,” and kissed him.
39:8 Meanwhile, Judas, the betrayer, saw that the Jewish leaders had condemned Jesus to die. He became full of sorrow and went away and killed himself.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2455, G2469

يوحنا (المعمدان)

Names :: يوحنا (المعمدان)

حقائق:

يوحنا كان ولد زكرياواليصابات .عشان “يوحنا” كان اسم معروف و متداول كتير ،كان غالبا يسمو “يوحنا المعمدان” عشان يفرقو من الناس التانين السموهم يوحنا زي يوحنا الرسول.

يوحنا كان نبي الله رسلو عشان يجهز الشعب ليؤمنوا بالمسيا ويتبعوه.
يوحنا كلم الناس يعترفوا بخطاياهم ، يرجعوا لله و يقيفوا من الخطية ،عشان يكونوا مستعدين يستقبلوا المسيا.
يوحنا عمد ناس كتار في الموية كعلامة انو هم متأسفين على خطاياهم و يبتعدوا منها.
يوحنا كان سمو “يوحنا المعمدان” عشان عمد ناس كتار. =======

#يوحنا (المعمدان)

John (the Baptist)

#حقائق

Facts:

يوحنا كان ولد زكرياواليصابات .عشان “يوحنا” كان اسم معروف و متداول كتير ،كان غالبا يسمو “يوحنا المعمدان” عشان يفرقو من الناس التانين السموهم يوحنا زي يوحنا الرسول. John was the son of Zechariah and Elizabeth. Since “John” was a common name, he is often called “John the Baptist” to distinguish him from the other people named John, such as the Apostle John.

*يوحنا كان نبي الله رسلو عشان يجهز الشعب ليؤمنوا بالمسيا ويتبعوه.

John was the prophet whom God sent to prepare people to believe in and follow the Messiah.

*يوحنا كلم الناس يعترفوا بخطاياهم ، يرجعوا لله و يقيفوا من الخطية ،عشان يكونوا مستعدين يستقبلوا المسيا.

John told people to confess their sins, turn to God, and stop sinning, so that they would be ready to receive the Messiah.

*يوحنا عمد ناس كتار في الموية كعلامة انو هم متأسفين على خطاياهم و يبتعدوا منها.

John baptized many people in water as a sign that they were sorry for their sins and were turning away from them.

*يوحنا كان سمو “يوحنا المعمدان” عشان عمد ناس كتار.

John was called “John the Baptist” because he baptized many people.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: baptize, Zechariah (NT))

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

22:2 The angel said to Zechariah, “Your wife will have a son. You will name him John. He will be filled with the Holy Spirit, and will prepare the people for Messiah!”
22:7 After Elizabeth gave birth to her baby boy, Zechariah and Elizabeth named the baby John, as the angel had commanded.
24:1 John, the son of Zechariah and Elizabeth, grew up and became a prophet. He lived in the wilderness, ate wild honey and locusts, and wore clothes made from camel hair.
24:2 Many people came out to the wilderness to listen to John. He preached to them, saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of God is near!”
24:6 The next day, Jesus came to be baptized by John. When John saw him, he said, “Look! There is the Lamb of God who will take away the sin of the world.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: G910 G2491

يوحنا الرسول

Names :: يوحنا الرسول

حقائق:

كان يوحنا واحد من رسل يسوع الاثني عشر وواحد من أصدقاء يسوع القريبين .

كان يوحنا وأخوه يعقوب ابناء صياد سمك اسمو زبدي.
في الإنجيل الكتبه عن حياة يسوع، يوحنا أشار لنفسه بأنو هو "تلميذ يسوع حباه ". ده كأنو بوري أنو يوحنا كان الصديق القريب ليسوع بشكل خاص.
الرسول يوحنا كتب خمسة كتب في العهد الجديد: إنجيل يوحنا ، و رؤية يسوع المسيح ، وثلاث رسائل كتبها لمؤمنين تانين.
انتبه أنو الرسول يوحنا كان شخص مختلف عن يوحنا المعمدان.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names [كيفية ترجمة الأسماء] (rc: // en / ta / man / translate / translate-names)) (انظر أيضا: [الرسول] (…/ kt / apostle.md) ، [كشف] (…/ kt / تكشف. md) ، [يعقوب (ابن زبدي)] (…/ الأسماء / jamessonofzebedee.md) ، [يوحنا (المعمدان)] (…/ nam (See also: apostle, reveal, James (son of Zebedee), John (the Baptist), Zebedee)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

36:1 One day, Jesus took three of his disciples, Peter, James, and John with him. (The disciple named John was not the same person who baptized Jesus.) They went up on a high mountain by themselves.
44:1 One day, Peter and John were going to the Temple. As they approached the Temple gate, they saw a crippled man who was begging for money.
44:6 The leaders of the Temple were very upset by what Peter and John were saying. So they arrested them and put them into prison.
44:7 The next day, the Jewish leaders brought Peter and John to the high priest and the other religious leaders. They asked Peter and John, “By what power did you heal this crippled man?”
44:9 The leaders were shocked that Peter and John spoke so boldly because they could see that these men were ordinary men who were uneducated. But then they remembered that these men had been with Jesus. After they threatened Peter and John, they let them go.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2491

يوسف (العهد الجديد)

Names :: يوسف (العهد الجديد)

حقائق:

يوسف كان اب بشري ليسوع ورباه زي ولده. كان هو راجل بار يعمل كنجار.

يوسف خطب عذراء يهودية اسمها مريم ، في فترة خطوبتهم الله اختارها عشان تكون والدة يسوع المسيح.
الملاك قال ليوسف إنو الروح القدس خلى مريم تحمل بمعجزة ، وجنى مريم بكون ابن الله.
بعد ما يسوع ولدوه،الملاك حذر يوسف عشان يشيل الطفل ومريم لمصر عشان يهربوا من هيرودس .
يوسف و اسرتو بعد كده عاشوا في مدينة الناصرة في الجليل مكان اكل عيشه شغل النجارة. =======

#يوسف (العهد الجديد)

Joseph (NT)

#حقائق

Facts:

يوسف كان اب بشري ليسوع ورباه زي ولده. كان هو راجل بار يعمل كنجار. Joseph was Jesus’ earthly father and raised him as his son. He was a righteous man who worked as a carpenter.

*يوسف خطب عذراء يهودية اسمها مريم ، في فترة خطوبتهم الله اختارها عشان تكون والدة يسوع المسيح.

Joseph became engaged to a Jewish girl named Mary, while they were engaged God chose her to become the mother of Jesus the Messiah.
الملاك قال ليوسف إنو الروح القدس خلى مريم تحمل بمعجزة ، وجنى مريم بكون ابن الله.
An angel told Joseph that the Holy Spirit had miraculously caused Mary to be pregnant, and that Mary’s baby was the Son of God.

*بعد ما يسوع ولدوه،الملاك حذر يوسف عشان يشيل الطفل ومريم لمصر عشان يهربوا من هيرودس . *After Jesus was born, an angel warned Joseph to take the baby and Mary to Egypt in order to escape from Herod.

*يوسف و اسرتو بعد كده عاشوا في مدينة الناصرة في الجليل مكان اكل عيشه شغل النجارة.

Joseph and his family later lived in the city of Nazareth of Galilee, where he earned a living doing carpentry work.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: Christ, Galilee, Jesus, Nazareth, Son of God, virgin)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

22:4 She (Mary) was a virgin and was engaged to be married to a man named Joseph.
23:1 Joseph, the man Mary was engaged to, was a righteous man. When he heard that Mary was pregnant, he knew it was not his baby. He did not want to shame her, so he planned to quietly divorce her.
23:2 The angel said, “Joseph, do not be afraid to take Mary as your wife. The baby in her body is from the Holy Spirit. She will give birth to a son. Name him Jesus (which means, ‘Yahweh saves’), because he will save the people from their sins.”
23:3 So Joseph married Mary and took her home as his wife, but he did not sleep with her until she had given birth.
23:4 Joseph and Mary had to make a long journey from where they lived in Nazareth to Bethlehem because their ancestor was David whose hometown was Bethlehem.
26:4 Jesus said, “The words I just read to you are happening right now.” All the people were amazed. “Isn’t this the son of Joseph?” they said.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2501

يوسف (العهد القديم)

Names :: يوسف (العهد القديم)

حقائق

كان يوسف ولد يعقوب الحادي عشر .هو كان الولد الاول لرحيل .نسل اولادو الاتنين افرايم و منسى بيقوا اتنين قبائل اسرائيل .

اسم "يوسف"بالعبرية بشابهه لكل من الكلمة العبرية البعني “الاضافة و الزيادة” و الكلمة العبرية البعني “تلم و تفرغ”
جزء كبير من سفر التكوين خصصو لقصة يوسف ،وكيف استمر مخلص لله في الصعوبات الكتيرة وغفر لاخوانه الكانوا باعواه كعبد في مصر .
اخيرآ الله رفع يوسف لتاني اعلى مركز قوة في مصر و استخدموه عشان ينقذ شعب مصر و الامم المجاور ليها في الوقت الكان فيهو اكل بسيط .يوسف ساعد في انقاذ اسرتو من الجوع و جابهم عشان يعيشوا معاهو في مصر .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

8:2 Joseph’s brothers hated him because their father loved him most and because Joseph had dreamed that he would be their ruler.
8:4 The slave traders took Joseph to Egypt.
8:5 Even in prison, Joseph remained faithful to God, and God blessed him.
8:7 God had given Joseph the ability to interpret dreams, so Pharaoh had Joseph brought to him from the prison.
8:9 Joseph told the people to store up large amounts of food during the seven years of good harvests.
9:2 The Egyptians no longer remembered Joseph and all he had done to help them.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3084, H3130, G2500, G2501

Other

Book of Life

Other :: Book of Life

Definition:

The term “Book of Life” is used to refer to where God has written the names of all the people whom he has redeemed and given eternal life to.

Revelation refers to this book as “the Lamb’s Book of Life.” This could be translated as “the book of life belonging to Jesus, the Lamb of God.” The sacrifice of Jesus on the cross paid the penalty for people’s sins so that they can have eternal life through faith in him.
The word for “book” can also mean “scroll” or “letter” or “writing” or “legal document.” It may be literal or figurative.

(See also: everlasting, lamb, life, sacrifice, scroll)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2416, H5612, G976, G2222

Judaism, Jewish religion

Other :: Judaism, Jewish religion

Definition:

The term “Judaism” refers to the religion practiced by the Jews. It is also referred to as the “Jewish religion.”

In the Old Testament, the term “Jewish religion” is used, while in the New Testament, the term “Judaism” is used.
Judaism includes all the Old Testament laws and instructions that God gave to the Israelites to obey. It also includes the customs and traditions that have been added to the Jewish religion over time.
When translating, the term “Jewish religion” or “religion of the Jews” can be used in both the Old and New Testaments.
“Judaism,” however should only be used in the New Testament, since the term did not exist before that time.

(See also: Jew, law)

Bible References:

Galatians 1:13-14

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2454

abyss, bottomless pit

Other :: abyss, bottomless pit

Definition:

The term “abyss” refers to a very large, deep hole or chasm that has no bottom.

In the Bible, “the abyss” is a place of punishment.
For example, when Jesus commanded evil spirits to come out of a man, they begged him not to send them to the abyss.
The word “abyss” could also be translated as “bottomless pit” or “deep chasm.”
This term should be translated differently from “hades,” “sheol,” or “hell.”

(See Also: Hades, hell, punish)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G12, G5421

acacia

Other :: acacia

Definition:

The term “acacia” is the name of a common shrub or tree growing in the land of Canaan in ancient times; it is still plentiful in that region today.

The orange-brown wood of the acacia tree is very hard and durable, making it a useful material for building things.
This wood is highly resistant to decay because it is so very dense that it keeps out water, and it has natural preservatives that keep insects from destroying it.
In the Bible, acacia wood was used to build the tabernacle and the ark of the covenant.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: ark of the covenant, tabernacle)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7848

accuse, accused, accuser, accusation

Other :: accuse, accused, accuser, accusation

Definition:

The terms “accuse” and “accusation” refer to blaming someone for doing something wrong. A person who accuses others is an “accuser.”

A false accusation is when a charge against someone is not true, as when Jesus was falsely accused of wrongdoing by the leaders of the Jews.
In the New Testament book of Revelation, Satan is called “the accuser.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3198, H6818, G1458, G2147, G2596, G2724

acknowledge, admit, admitted

Other :: acknowledge, admit, admitted

Facts:

The term “acknowledge” means to give proper recognition to something or someone.

To acknowledge God also involves acting in a way that shows that what he says is true.
People who acknowledge God will show it by obeying him, which brings glory to his name.
To acknowledge something means to believe that it is true, with actions and words that confirm that.

Translation Suggestions:

In the context of acknowledging that something is true, “acknowledge” could be translated as “admit” or “declare” or “confess to be true” or “believe.”
When referring to acknowledging a person, this term could be translated as “accept” or “recognize the value of” or “tell others that (the person) is faithful.”
In the context of acknowledging God, this could be translated as “believe and obey God” or “declare who God is” or “tell other people about how great God is” or “confess that what God says and does is true.”

(See also: obey, glory, save)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3045, H3046, H5046, H5234, H6942, G1492, G1921, G3670

acquit, acquitted

Other :: acquit, acquitted

Definition:

The term “acquit” means to formally declare someone to be not guilty of an unlawful or immoral behavior he was accused of.

This term is sometimes used in the Bible to talk about forgiving sinners.
Often the context is about wrongly acquitting people who are wicked and rebel against God.
This could be translated as “declare innocent” or “judge to be not guilty.”

(See also: forgive, guilt, sin)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3444, H5352, H5355, H6403, H6663

administration, administrator, administering, officer, official, leader

Other :: administration, administrator, administering, officer, official, leader

Facts:

The terms “administration” and “administrator” refer to managing or governing of people of a country to help it function in an orderly way.

Daniel and three other Jewish young men were appointed to be administrators, or government officials, over certain parts of Babylon.
In the New Testament, administration is one of the gifts of the Holy Spirit.
A person who has the spiritual gift of administration is able to lead and govern people as well as supervise the maintenance of buildings and other property.

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, some ways to translate “administrator” could include “governor” or “organizer” or “manager” or “ruler” or “government official.”
The term “administration” could be translated as “governing” or “management” or “leadership.” or “organization.”
Expressions such as “in charge of” or “taking care of” or “keeping order” could possibly be part of the translation of these terms.

(See also: Babylon, Daniel, gift, governor, Hananiah, Mishael, Azariah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5532, H5608, H5632, H6213, H7860, G2941

admonish, warned, aware

Other :: admonish, warned, aware

Definition:

The term “admonish” means to firmly warn or advise someone.

Usually “admonish” means to advise someone not to do something.
In the body of Christ, believers are taught to admonish each other to avoid sin and to live holy lives.
The word “admonish” could be translated as “encourage not to sin” or “urge someone to not sin.”

Bible References:

Nehemiah 9:32-34

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2094, H5749, G3560, G3867, G5537

adversary, enemy

Other :: adversary, enemy

Definition:

An “adversary” is a person (or group of people) who is opposed to someone else. The term “enemy” has a similar meaning.

Your adversary can be a person who tries to oppose or harm another person.
When two nations fight, each can be called an “adversary” of the other.
In the Bible, the devil is referred to as an “adversary” and an “enemy.”
The term “adversary” may be translated as “opponent” or “enemy,” but it suggests a stronger form of opposition.

(See also: Satan)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H341, H6146, H6887, H6862, H6965, H7790, H7854, H8130, H8324, G476, G480, G2189, G2190, G5227

advice, advise, advisor, counsel, counselor, counsels

Other :: advice, advise, advisor, counsel, counselor, counsels

Definition:

The terms “counsel” and “advice” have the same meaning and refer to helping someone decide wisely about what to do in a certain situation. A wise “counselor” or “advisor” is someone who gives advice or counsel that will help a person make right choices.

Kings often have official advisors or counselors to help them decide important matters that affect the people they are ruling.
Sometimes the advice or counsel that is given is not good. Evil advisors may urge a king to take action or make a decree that will harm him or his people.
Depending on the context, “advice” or “counsel” could also be translated as “help in deciding” or “warnings” or “exhortations” or “guidance.”
The action, to “counsel” could be translated as to “advise” or to “make suggestions” or to “exhort.”
Note that “counsel” is a different word than “council,” which refers to a group of people.

(See also: exhort, Holy Spirit, wise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1697, H1847, H1875, H1884, H1907, H3272, H3289, H3982, H4156, H4431, H5475, H5779, H6440, H6963, H6098, H7592, H8458, G1011, G1012, G1106, G4823, G4825

afflict, affliction, distress

Other :: afflict, affliction, distress

Definition:

The term “afflict” means to cause someone distress or suffering. An “affliction” is the disease, emotional grief, or other disaster that results from this.

Sometimes God afflicted his people with sickness or other hardships with the intention for them to repent of their sins and turn back to him.
God caused afflictions or plagues to come on the people of Egypt because their king refused to obey God.
To “be afflicted with” means to suffer from some kind of distress, such as a disease, persecution, or emotional grief.
In some Old Testament contexts, the idea of “afflicting oneself” or “afflicting one’s soul” means to abstain from eating food.

Translation Suggestions:

To “afflict” someone could be translated as “cause someone to experience troubles” or “cause someone to suffer” or “cause suffering to come.”
A phrase like “afflict someone with leprosy” could be translated as “cause someone to be sick with leprosy.”
When a disease or disaster is sent to “afflict” people or animals, this could be translated as “cause suffering to.”
Depending on the context, the term “affliction” could be translated as “calamity” or “sickness” or “suffering” or “great distress.”
The phrase “afflicted with” could also be translated as “suffering from” or “sick with.”

(See also: leprosy, plague, suffer)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H205, H3013, H3905, H3906, H6031, H6039, H6040, H6041, H6862, H6869, H6887, H7451, H7489, G2346, G2347, G3804

age, aged

Other :: age, aged

Definition:

The term “age” refers to the number of years a person has lived. It also used to refer generally to a time period.

Other words used to express an extended period of time include “era” and “season.”
Jesus refers to “this age” as the present time when evil, sin, and disobedience fill the earth.
There will be a future age when righteousness will reign over a new heaven and a new earth.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, the term “age” could also be translated as “era” or “number of years old” or “time period” or “time.”
The phrase “at a very old age” could be translated as “at many years old” or “when he was very old” or “when he had lived a very long time.”
The phrase “this present evil age” means “during this time right now when people are very evil.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G165, G1074

alarm, alarmed

Other :: alarm, alarmed

Facts:

An alarm is something that warns people about something that could harm them. To “be alarmed” is to be very worried and frightened about something dangerous or threatening.

King Jehoshapat was alarmed when he heard that the Moabites were planning to attack the kingdom of Judah.
Jesus told his disciples not to be alarmed when they hear about disasters happening in the last days.
The expression “sound an alarm” means to give a warning. In ancient times, a person could sound an alarm by making a noise.

Translation Suggestions

To “alarm someone” means to “cause someone to worry” or to “worry someone.”
To “be alarmed” could be translated as “be worried” or “be frightened” or “be very concerned.”
The expression “sound an alarm” could be translated by “publicly warn” or “announce that danger is coming” or “blow a trumpet to warn about danger.”

(See also: Jehoshaphat, Moab)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7321, H8643

alien, foreigner, sojourn

Other :: alien, foreigner, sojourn

Definition:

The term “foreigner” refers to a person living in a country that is not his own. Another name for a foreigner is an “alien.” To sojourn is to live temporarily as a foreigner.

In the Old Testament, this term especially refers to anyone who came from a different people group than the people he was living among.
A foreigner is also a person whose language and culture is different from those of a particular region.
For example, when Naomi and her family moved to Moab, they were foreigners there. When Naomi and her daughter-in-law Ruth later moved to Israel, Ruth was called a “foreigner” there because she was not originally from Israel.
A sojourner is another word for a temporary foreign resident.
The apostle Paul told the Ephesians that before they knew Christ, they were “foreigners” to God’s covenant.
Sometimes “foreigner” is translated as “stranger,” but it should not refer only to someone who is unfamiliar or unknown.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0312, H0628, H0776, H1471, H1481, H1616, H2114, H3937, H4033, H5236, H5237, H6154, H8453, G0241, G0245, G0526, G0915, G1854, G3581, G3927, G3941

alms

Other :: alms

Definition:

The term “alms” refers to money, food, or other things that are given to help poor people.

Often the giving of alms was seen by people as something that their religion required them to do in order to be righteous.
Jesus said that giving alms should not be done publicly for the purpose of getting other people to notice.
This term could be translated as “money” or “gifts to poor people” or “help for the poor.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G1654

altar of incense, incense altar

Other :: altar of incense, incense altar

Facts:

The altar of incense was a piece of furniture on which a priest would burn incense as an offering to God. It was also called the golden altar.

The altar of incense was made of wood, and its top and sides were covered with gold. It was about a half meter long, a half meter wide, and one meter tall.
At first it was kept in the tabernacle. Then it was kept in the temple.
Every morning and evening a priest would burn incense on it.
This can also be translated as “altar for burning incense” or “golden altar” or “incense burner” or “incense table.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: incense)

Bible References:

Luke 1:11-13

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4196, H7004, G2368, G2379

amazed, amazement, astonished, marvel, marveled, marvelous, wonder, dumbfounded

Other :: amazed, amazement, astonished, marvel, marveled, marvelous, wonder, dumbfounded

Definition:

All these terms refer to being very surprised because of something extraordinary that happened.

Some of these words are translations of Greek expressions that mean “struck with amazement” or “standing outside of (oneself).” These expressions show how very surprised or shocked the person was feeling. Other languages might also have ways to express this.
Usually the event that caused the wonder and amazement was a miracle, something only God could do.
The meaning of these terms can also include feelings of confusion because what happened was totally unexpected.
Other ways to translate these words could be “extremely surprised” or “very shocked.”
Related words include “marvelous” (amazing, wonderful), “amazement,” and “astonishment.”
In general, these terms are positive and express that the people were happy about what had happened.

(See also: miracle, sign)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H926, H2865, H3820, H4159, H6313, H6381, H6382, H6383, H6395, H8074, H8429, H8539, H8540, H8541, G639, G1568, G1569, G1605, G1611, G1839, G2284, G2285, G2296, G2297, G2298, G4023, G4592, G5059

ambassador, representative

Other :: ambassador, representative

Definition:

An ambassador is a person who is chosen to officially represent his country in relating to foreign nations. The word is also used in a figurative sense and is sometimes translated more generally as “representative.”

An ambassador or representative gives people messages from the person or government that sent him.
The more general term “representative” refers to someone who has been given the authority to act and speak on behalf of the person he is representing.
The apostle Paul taught that Christians are Christ’s “ambassadors” or “representatives” since they represent Christ in this world and teach others his message.
Depending on the context, this term could be translated as “official representative” or “appointed messenger” or “chosen representative” or “God’s appointed representative.”
A “delegation of ambassadors” could be translated as “some official messengers” or “group of appointed representatives” or “official party of people to speak for all people.”

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: messenger)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3887, H4135, H4136, H4397, H6735, H6737, G4243

ancestor, father, fathered, forefather, grandfather

Other :: ancestor, father, fathered, forefather, grandfather

Definition:

The term “father” refers to a person’s male parent.

The terms “father” and “forefather” are often used to refer to a male ancestor(s) of a certain person or people group. This could also be translated a “ancestor” or “ancestral father.”
The expression “the father of” can figuratively refer to a person who is the leader a group of related people or the source of something. For example, in Genesis 4 “the father of all who live in tents” could mean, “the first clan leader of the first people who ever lived in tents.”
The apostle Paul figuratively called himself the “father” of those he had helped to become Christians through sharing the gospel with them.

Translation Suggestions

When talking about a father and his literal son, this term should be translated using the usual term to refer to a father in the language.
“God the Father” should also be translated using the usual, common word for “father.”
When referring to forefathers, this term could be translated as “ancestors” or “ancestral fathers.”
When Paul refers to himself figuratively as a father to believers in Christ, this could be translated as “spiritual father” or “father in Christ.”
Sometimes the word “father” can be translated as “clan leader,” depending on the context.
The phrase “father of all lies” could be translated as “source of all lies” or “the one from whom all lies come.”

(See also: God the Father, son, Son of God)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1, H2, H25, H369, H539, H1121, H1730, H1733, H2524, H3205, H3490, H4940, H5971, H7223, G540, G1080, G3737, G3962, G3964, G3966, G3967, G3970, G3971, G3995, G4245, G4269, G4613

anguish

Other :: anguish

Definition:

The term “anguish” refers to severe pain or distress.

Anguish can be physical or emotional pain or distress.
Often people who are in extreme anguish will show it in their face and behaviors.
For example, a person in severe pain or anguish might grit his teeth or cry out.
The term “anguish” could also be translated as “emotional distress” or “deep sorrow” or “severe pain.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2342, H2470, H2479, H3708, H4164, H4689, H4691, H5100, H6695, H6862, H6869, H7267, H7581, G928, G3600, G4928

archer

Other :: archer

Definition:

The term “archer” refers to a man who is skilled at using a bow and arrow as a weapon.

In the Bible, an archer is usually a soldier who uses a bow and arrow to fight in an army.
Archers were an important part of the Assyrian military force.
Some languages might have a term for this, such as “bow-man.”

(See also: Assyria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1167, H1869, H2671, H3384, H7198, H7199, H7228

armor, armory

Other :: armor, armory

Definition:

The term “armor” refers to the equipment a soldier uses to fight in a battle and protect himself from enemy attacks. It is also used in a figurative way to refer to spiritual armor.

Parts of a soldier’s armor include a helmet, a shield, a breastplate, leg coverings, and a sword.
Using the term figuratively, the apostle Paul compares physical armor to spiritual armor that God gives the believer to help him fight spiritual battles.
The spiritual armor God gives his people to fight against sin and Satan includes truth, righteousness, the gospel of peace, faith, salvation, and the Holy Spirit.
This could be translated with a term that means “soldier gear” or “protective battle clothing” or “protective covering” or “weapons.”

(See also: faith, Holy Spirit, peace, save, spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2290, H2488, H3627, H4055, H5402, G3696, G3833

arrogant, presumptuous

Other :: arrogant, presumptuous

Definition:

The term “arrogant” means proud, usually in an obvious, outward way.

An arrogant person will often boast about himself.
Being arrogant usually includes thinking that other people are not as important or talented as oneself.
People who do not honor God and who are in rebellion against him are arrogant because they do not acknowledge how great God is.

(See also: acknowledge, boast, proud)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1346, H1347, H2102, H2103, H6277, G212, G5450

ash, ashes

Other :: ash, ashes

Facts:

The term “ash” (or “ashes”) refers to the grey powdery substance that is left behind after wood is burned.

In ancient times, sitting in ashes was a sign of mourning or grieving. When grieving, it was the custom to wear rough, scratchy sackcloth and sit in ashes or put ashes on the head.
Putting ashes on the head was also a sign of humiliation or embarrassment.
An “ash heap” is a pile of ashes.
Sometimes the word “dust” is used with the term “ashes” in the phrase, “dust and ashes.” This phrase can be translated as “dust and ashes” or simply as “ashes.”
When translating “ashes,” use the word in the target language that refers to the burned-up remains after wood has burned.

(See also: fire, sackcloth)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0080, H0665, H1854, H6083, H6368, H7834, G2868, G4700, G5077, G5522

asleep, fall asleep, sleep, sleeper, sleepless

Other :: asleep, fall asleep, sleep, sleeper, sleepless

Definition:

These terms can have figurative meanings relating to death.

To “sleep” or “be asleep” can be a metaphor meaning to “be dead.” (See: Metaphor)
The expression “fall asleep” means start sleeping, or, figuratively, die.
To “sleep with one’s fathers” means to die, as one’s ancestors have, or to be dead, as one’s ancestors are.

Translation Suggestions:

To “fall asleep” could be translated as to “suddenly become asleep” or to “start sleeping” or to “die,” depending on its meaning.
Note: It is especially important to keep the figurative expression in contexts where the audience did not understand the meaning. For example, when Jesus told his disciples that Lazarus was “sleeping” they thought he meant that Lazarus was just sleeping naturally. In this context, it would not make sense to translate this as “he died.”
Some project languages may have a different expression for death or dying which could be used if the expressions “sleep” and “asleep” do not make sense.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1957, H3462, H3463, H7290, H7901, H8139, H8142, H8153, H8639, G879, G1852, G1853, G2518, G2837, G5258

assembly, assemble, congregation, meeting, gather

Other :: assembly, assemble, congregation, meeting, gather

Definition:

The term “assembly” usually refers to a group of people who come together for some reason, often to discuss problems, give advice, or make decisions. An assembly can be a group that is organized in an official and somewhat permanent way, or it can be a group of people who come together temporarily for a specific purpose or occasion.

Old Testament

In the Old Testament there was a special kind of assembly called a “sacred assembly” in which the people of Israel would gather to worship Yahweh.
Sometimes the term “assembly” referred to the Israelites in general, as a group.

New Testament

In the New Testament, an assembly of 70 Jewish leaders in major cities such as Jerusalem would meet to judge legal matters and to settle disputes between people. This assembly was known as the “Sanhedrin” or the “Council.”

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, “assembly” could also be translated as “special gathering” or “congregation” or “council” or “army” or “large group.”
When the term “assembly” refers generally to the Israelites as a whole, it could also be translated as “community” or “people of Israel.”
The phrase, “all the assembly” could be translated as “all the people” or “the whole group of Israelites” or “everyone.” (See: hyperbole
A large gathering of enemy soldiers was sometimes also referred to as an “assembly.” This could be translated as “army.”

(See also: council)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0622, H1481, H2199, H3259, H4150, H4186, H4744, H5475, H5712, H6116, H6908, H6950, H6951, H6952, G1577, G3831, G4863, G4864, G4871, G4905

assign, assigned, assignment, reassign

Other :: assign, assigned, assignment, reassign

Facts:

The term “assign” or “assigned” refers to appointing someone to do a specific task or designating something to be provided to one or more people.

The prophet Samuel foretold that King Saul would “assign” the best young men of Israel to serve in the military.
Moses “assigned” to each of the twelve tribes of Israel a portion of the land of Canaan for them to live on.
Under the Old Testament law, certain tribes of Israel were assigned to serve as priests, artists, singers and builders.
Depending on the context, “assign” could be translated as “give” or “appoint” or “choose for the task of.”
The term “assigned” could be translated as “appointed” or “given the task.”

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: appoint, Samuel, Saul (OT))

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2506, H3335, H4487, H4941, H5157, H5307, H5414, H5596, H5975, H6485, H7760, G3307

astray, go astray, went astray, lead astray, stray

Other :: astray, go astray, went astray, lead astray, stray

Definition:

The terms “stray” and “go astray” mean to disobey God’s will. People who are “led astray” have allowed other people or circumstances to influence them to disobey God.

The word “astray” gives a picture of leaving a clear path or a place of safety to go down a wrong and dangerous path.
Sheep who leave the pasture of their shepherd have “strayed.” God compares sinful people to sheep who have left him and “gone astray.”

Translation Suggestions:

The phrase “go astray” could be translated as “go away from God” or “take a wrong path away from God’s will” or “stop obeying God” or “live in a way that goes away from God.”
To “lead someone astray” could be translated as “cause someone to disobey God” or “influence someone to stop obeying God” or “cause someone to follow you down a wrong path.”

(See also: disobey, shepherd)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5080, H7683, H7686, H8582, G4105, G5351

avenge, avenger, revenge, vengeance

Other :: avenge, avenger, revenge, vengeance

Definition:

To “avenge” or “take revenge” or “execute vengeance” is to punish someone in order to pay him back for the harm he did. The act of avenging or taking revenge is “vengeance.”

Usually “avenge” implies an intent to see justice done or to right a wrong,
When referring to people, the expression “take revenge” or “get revenge” usually involves wanting to get back at the person who did the harm.
When God “takes vengeance” or “executes vengeance,” he is acting in righteousness because he is punishing sin and rebellion.

Translation Suggestions:

The expression to “avenge” could also be translated as to “right a wrong” or to “get justice for.”
When referring to human beings, to “take revenge” could be translated as “pay back” or “hurt in order to punish” or “get back at.”
Depending on the context, “vengeance” could be translated as “punishment” or “punishment of sin” or “payment for wrongs done.” If a word meaning “retaliation” is used, this would apply to human beings only.
When God says, “take my vengeance,” this could be translated by “punish them for wrongs done against me” or “cause bad things to happen because they have sinned against me.”
When referring to God’s vengeance, make sure it is clear that God is right in his punishment of sin.

(See also: punish, just, righteous)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1350, H3467, H5358, H5359, H5360, H8199, G1556, G1557, G1558, G3709

awe, awesome

Other :: awe, awesome

Definition:

The term “awe” refers to the sense of amazement and deep respect that comes from seeing something great, powerful, and magnificent.

The term “awesome” describes someone or something that inspires a feeling of awe.
The visions of the glory of God seen by the prophet Ezekiel were “awesome” or “awe-inspiring.”
Typical human responses showing awe of God’s presence include: fear, bowing or kneeling down, covering the face, and trembling.

(See also: fear, glory)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H366, H1481, H3372, H6206, H7227, G2124

ax

Other :: ax

Definition:

An ax is tool used for cutting or chopping trees or wood.

An ax usually has a long wooden handle with a large metal blade attached to the end.
If your culture has a tool that is similar to an ax, the name of that tool could be used to translate “ax.”
Other ways to translate this term could include “tree-cutting tool” or “wooden tool with blade” or “long-handled wood-chopping tool.”
In one Old Testament event, the blade of an ax fell into a river, so it is best if the tool that is described has a blade that can come loose from the wooden handle.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1631, H4621, H7134, G513

banquet

Other :: banquet

Definition:

A banquet is large, formal meal that usually includes several food courses.

In ancient times, kings often served banquet meals to entertain political leaders and other important guests.
This could also be translated as “elaborate meal” or “important feast” or “multi-course meal.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4960, H4961, H8354, G1173, G1403

barley

Other :: barley

Definition:

The term “barley” refers to a kind of grain that is used to make bread.

The barley plant has a long stalk with a head at the top where the seeds or grains grow.
Barley does well in warmer weather so it is often harvested in spring or summer.
When barley is threshed, the edible seeds are separated from the worthless chaff.
Barley grain is ground up into flour, which is then mixed with water or oil to make bread.
If barley is not known, this could be translated as “grain called barley” or “barley grain.”

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: grain, thresh, wheat)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8184, G2915, G2916

barren, dry

Other :: barren, dry

Definition:

To be “barren” means to not be fertile or fruitful.

Soil or land that is barren is not able to produce any plants.
A woman who is barren is one who is physically unable to conceive or bear a child.

Translation Suggestions:

When “barren” is used to refer to land, it could be translated as “not fertile” or “unfruitful” or “without plants.”
When it is referring to a barren woman, it could be translated as “childless” or “not able to bear children” or “unable to conceive a child.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4420, H6115, H6135, H6723, H7921, G692, G4723

basket, basketfuls

Other :: basket, basketfuls

Definition:

The term “basket” refers to a container made of woven material.

In biblical times, baskets were probably woven with strong plant materials, such as wood from peeled tree branches or twigs.
A basket could be coated with a waterproof substance so that it could float.
When Moses was a baby, his mother made a waterproof basket to put him in and floated it among the reeds of the Nile River.
The word translated as “basket” in that story is the same word that is translated as “ark” referring to the boat that Noah built. The common meaning of its use in these two contexts may be “floating container.”

(See also: ark, Moses, Nile River, Noah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H374, H1731, H1736, H2935, H3619, H5536, H7991, G2894, G3426, G4553, G4711

bear

Other :: bear

Definition:

A bear is a large, four-legged furry animal with dark brown or black hair, with sharp teeth and claws. Bears were common in Israel during Bible times.

These animals live in forests and mountain areas; they eat fish, insects, and plants.
In the Old Testament, the bear is used as a symbol of strength.
While tending sheep, the shepherd David fought a bear and defeated it.
Two bears came out of the forest and attacked a group of youths who had mocked the prophet Elisha.

(See also: David, Elisha)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1677, G715

bear, bearer, carry

Other :: bear, bearer, carry

Facts:

The term “bear” literally means “carry” something. There are also many figurative uses of this term.

When speaking of a woman who will bear a child, this means “give birth to” a child.
To “bear a burden” means to “experience difficult things.” These difficult things could include physical or emotional suffering.
A common expression in the Bible is “bear fruit,” which means “produce fruit” or “have fruit.”
The expression “bear witness” means “testify” or “report what one has seen or experienced.”
The statement that “a son will not bear the iniquity of his father” means that he “will not be held responsible for” or “will not be punished for” his father’s sins.
In general, this term could be translated as “carry” or “be responsible for” or “produce” or “have” or “endure,” depending on the context.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: burden, Elisha, endure, fruit, iniquity, report, sheep, strength, testimony, testimony)

Bible References:

Lamentations 3:27

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2232, H3201, H3205, H5375, H5445, H5449, H6030, H6509, H6779, G142, G430, G941, G1080, G1627, G2592, G3140, G4160, G4722, G4828, G5041, G5088, G5342, G5409, G5576

beast

Other :: beast

Facts:

In the Bible, the term “beast” is often just another way of saying “animal.”

A wild beast is a type of animal that lives freely in the forest or fields and has not been trained by people.
A domestic beast is an animal that lives with people and is kept for food or for performing work, such as plowing fields. Often the term “livestock” is used to refer to this kind of animal.
The Old Testament book of Daniel and the New Testament book of Revelation describe visions which have beasts that represent evil powers and authorities that oppose God. (See: Metaphor
Some of these beasts are described as having strange features, such as several heads and many horns. They often have power and authority, indicating that they may represent countries, nations, or other political powers.
Ways to translate this could include “creature” or “created thing” or “animal” or “wild animal,” depending on the context.

(See also: authority, Daniel, livestock, nation, power, reveal, Beelzebul)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0338, H0929, H1165, H2123, H2416, H2423, H2874, H3753, H4806, H7409, G2226, G2341, G2342, G2934, G4968, G5074

blemish, unblemished, defect

Other :: blemish, unblemished, defect

Facts:

The term “blemish” refers to a physical defect or imperfection on an animal or person. It can also refer to spiritual imperfections and faults in people.

For certain sacrifices, God instructed the Israelites to offer an animal with no blemishes or defects.
This is a picture of how Jesus Christ was the perfect sacrifice, without any sin.
Believers in Christ have been cleansed from their sin by his blood and are considered to be without blemish.
Ways to translate this term could include “defect” or “imperfection” or “sin,” depending on the context.

(See also: believe, clean, sacrifice, sin)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3971, H8400, H8549, G3470

bloodshed

Other :: bloodshed

Definition:

The term “bloodshed” refers to the death of human beings due to murder, war, or some other violent act.

This term literally means “shedding of blood,” which refers to when blood comes out of a person’s body from an open wound.
The term “bloodshed” is often used to refer to widespread killing of people.
It is also used as a general reference to the sin of murder.

Translation Suggestions:

“The bloodshed” could be translated as “the killing of people” or “the many people who were killed.”
“Through bloodshed” could also be translated as “by killing people.”
“Innocent bloodshed” could be translated as “killing innocent people.”
“Bloodshed follows bloodshed” could be translated as “they keep killing people” or “the killing of people goes on and on” or “they have killed many people and continue to do that” or “people keep killing other people.”
Another figurative use, “bloodshed will pursue you,” could be translated as “your people will continue to experience bloodshed” or “your people will keep being killed” or “your people will continue to be at war with other nations and people will keep dying.”

(See also: blood; slaughter)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1818

blot out, wipe out

Other :: blot out, wipe out

Definition:

The terms “blot out” and “wipe out” are expressions that mean to completely remove or destroy something or someone.

These expressions can be used in a positive sense, as when God “blots out” sins by forgiving them and choosing not to remember them.
It is also often used in a negative sense, as when God “blots out” or “wipes out” a people group, destroying them because of their sin.
The Bible talks about a person’s name being “blotted out” or “wiped out” of God’s Book of Life, which means that the person will not receive eternal life.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, these expressions could be translated as “get rid of” or “remove” or “completely destroy” or “completely remove.”
When referring to blotting someone’s name out of the Book of Life, this could be translated as “removed from” or “erased.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4229, H8045, G1813

bold, boldness, emboldened

Other :: bold, boldness, emboldened

Definition:

These terms all refer to having courage and confidence to speak the truth and do the right thing even when it is difficult or dangerous.

A “bold” person is not afraid to say and do what is good and right, including defending people who are being mistreated. This could be translated as “courageous” or “fearless.”
In the New Testament, the disciples continued to “boldly” preach about Christ in public places, in spite of the danger of being put in jail or killed. This could be translated as “confidently” or “with strong courage” or “courageously.”
The “boldness” of these early disciples in speaking the good news of Christ’s redeeming death on the cross resulted in the gospel being spread throughout Israel and nearby countries and finally, to the rest of the world. “Boldness” could also be translated as “confident courage.”

(See also: confidence, good news, redeem)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H982, H5797, G662, G2292, G3618, G3954, G3955, G5111, G5112

bow and arrow, a bow

Other :: bow and arrow, a bow

Definition:

This is a type of weapon that consists of shooting arrows from a stringed bow. In Bible times it was used for fighting against enemies and for killing animals for food.

The bow is made out of wood, bone, metal, or other hard material, such as a deer’s antler. It has a curved shape and is strung tightly with a string, cord, or vine.
An arrow is a thin shaft with a sharp, pointed head on one end. In ancient times, the arrows could be made of a variety of materials such as wood, bone, stone, or metal.
Bows and arrows are commonly used by hunters and warriors.
The term “arrow” is also sometimes used figuratively in the Bible to refer to enemy attacks or divine judgment.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2671, H7198, G5115

bow, bow down, kneel, bend, bend the knee

Other :: bow, bow down, kneel, bend, bend the knee

Definition:

To bow means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. To “bow down” means to bend over or kneel down very low, often with face and hands toward the ground.

Other expressions include “bow the knee” (meaning to kneel) and “bow the head” (meaning to bend the head forward in humble respect or in sorrow).
Bowing down can also be a sign of distress or mourning. Someone who is “bowed down” has been brought to a low position of humility.
Often a person will bow in the presence of someone who is of higher status or greater importance, such as kings and other rulers.
Bowing down before God is an expression of worship to him.
In the Bible, people bowed down to Jesus when they realized from his miracles and teaching that he had come from God.
The Bible says that when Jesus comes back someday, everyone will bow the knee to worship him.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, this term could be translated with a word or phrase that means “bend forward” or “bend the head” or “kneel.”
The term “bow down” could be translated as “kneel down” or “prostrate oneself.”
Some languages will have more than one way of translating this term, depending on the context.

(See also: humble, worship)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H86, H3721, H3766, H5753, H5791, H6915, H7743, H7812, H7817, G1120, G2578, G2827, G4098

bread

Other :: bread

Definition:

Bread is a food made from flour mixed with water and oil to form a dough. The dough is then shaped into a loaf and baked.

When the term “loaf” occurs by itself, it means “loaf of bread.”
Bread dough is usually made with something that makes it rise, such as yeast. However, bread can also be made without yeast so that it does not rise. This is called “unleavened bread” in the Bible. The ancient Israelites ate “unleavened bread” during the passover meal.
Since bread was the main food for many people in biblical times, this term is also used in the Bible to refer to food in general. (See: Synecdoche Many times the term “bread” can be translated more generally as “food.”
The phrase “bread of the presence” refers to twelve loaves of bread that were placed on a golden table in the tabernacle or temple building as a sacrifice to God. These loaves represented the twelve tribes of Israel and were only for the priests to eat. This could be translated as “bread showing that God lived among them.”
The term “bread from heaven” refers to the special white food called “manna” that God provided for the Israelites when they were wandering through the desert. Jesus also called himself the “bread that came down from heaven” and the “bread of life.”

(See also: Passover, tabernacle, temple, unleavened bread, yeast)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2557, H3899, H4635, H4682, G106, G740, G4286

breastplate, breastpiece

Other :: breastplate, breastpiece

Definition:

The term “breastplate” refers to a piece of armor covering the front of the chest to protect a soldier during battle. The term “breastpiece” refers to a special piece of clothing that the Israelite high priest wore over the front part of his chest.

A “breastplate” used by a soldier could be made of wood, metal, or animal skin. It was made to prevent arrows, spears, or swords from piercing the chest of the soldier.
The “breastpiece” worn by the Israelite high priest was made of cloth and had valuable gems attached to it. The priest wore this when he was performing his duties of service to God in the temple.
Other ways to translate the term “breastplate” could include “metal protective chest covering” or “armor piece protecting the chest.”
The term “breastpiece” could be translated with a word that means “priestly clothing covering the chest” or “priestly garment piece” or “front piece of priest’s clothing.”

(See also: armor, high priest, pierce, priest, temple, warrior)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2833, H8302, G2382

breath, breathe

Other :: breath, breathe

Definition:

In the Bible, the terms “breathe” and “breath” are often used figuratively to refer to giving life or having life.

The Bible teaches that God “breathed into” Adam the breath of life. It was at that point that Adam became a living soul.
When Jesus breathed on the disciples and told them to “receive the Spirit,” he was probably literally breathing out air onto them to symbolize the Holy Spirit coming to them.
Sometimes the terms “breathing” and “breathing out” are used to refer to speaking.
The figurative expression “breath of God” or “breath of Yahweh” often refers to God’s wrath being poured out on rebellious or godless nations. It communicates his power.

Translation Suggestions

The expression “breathed his last” is a figurative way of saying “he died.” It could also be translated as “he took his last breath” or “he stopped breathing and died” or “he breathed in air one last time.”
Describing the Scriptures as “God-breathed” means that God spoke or inspired the words of the Scriptures which human authors then wrote down. It is probably best, if possible, to translate “God-breathed” somewhat literally since it is difficult to communicate the exact meaning of this.
If a literal translation of “God-breathed” is not acceptable, other ways to translate this could include “inspired by God” or “authored by God” or “spoken by God.” It could also be said that “God breathed out the words of Scripture.”
The expressions “put breath in” or “breathe life into” or “gives breath to” could be translated as “cause to breathe” or “make alive again” or “enable them to live and breathe” or “give life to.”
If possible, it is best to translate “breath of God” with the literal word that is used for “breath” in the language. If God cannot be said to have “breath,” this could be translated as “God’s power” or “God’s speech.”
The expression “catch my breath” or “get my breath” could be translated as “relax in order to breathe more slowly” or “stop running in order to breathe normally.”
The expression “is only a breath” means “lasts a very short time.”
Similarly the expression “man is a single breath” means “people live a very short time” or “the lives of human beings are very short, like a single breath” or “compared to God, the life of a person seems as short as the time it takes to breathe in one breath of air.”

(See also: Adam, Paul, word of God, life)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3307, H5301, H5396, H5397, H7307, G1720, G4157

bribe, bribery, payoffs

Other :: bribe, bribery, payoffs

Definition:

To “bribe” means to give someone something of value, such as money, to influence that person to do something dishonest.

The soldiers who guarded Jesus’ empty tomb were bribed with money to lie about what happened.
Sometimes a government official will be bribed to overlook a crime or to vote a certain way.
The Bible forbids giving or taking bribes.
The term, “bribe” could be translated as “dishonest payment” or “payment for lying” or “price for breaking the rules.”
To “bribe” could be translated with a word or phrase that means, to “pay to influence (someone)” or to “pay to have a dishonest favor done” or to “pay for a favor.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3724, H4979, H7809, H7810, H7936, H7966, H8021, H8641, G5260

bride, bridal

Other :: bride, bridal

Definition:

A bride is the woman in a wedding ceremony who is getting married to her husband, the bridegroom.

The term “bride” is used as a metaphor for believers in Jesus, the Church.
Jesus is metaphorically called the “bridegroom” for the Church. (See: Metaphor

(See also: bridegroom, church)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3618, G3565

bridegroom

Other :: bridegroom

Definition:

In a marriage ceremony, the bridegroom is the man who will marry the bride (the woman).

In the Jewish culture during Bible times, the ceremony was centered around the bridegroom coming to get his bride.
In the Bible, Jesus is figuratively called the “Bridegroom” who will someday come for his “Bride,” the Church.
Jesus compared his disciples to the friends of the bridegroom who celebrate while the bridegroom is with them, but who will be sad when he is gone.

(See also: bride)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2860, G3566

bronze

Other :: bronze

Definition:

The term “bronze” refers to a kind of metal that is made from melting together the metals, copper and tin. It has a dark brown color, slightly red.

Bronze resists water corrosion and is a good conductor of heat.
In ancient times, bronze was used for making tools, weapons, artwork, altars, cooking pots, and soldiers’ armor, among other things.
Many building materials for the tabernacle and temple were made of bronze.
Idols of false gods were also often made of bronze metal.
Bronze objects were made by first melting the bronze metal into a liquid and then pouring it into molds. This process was called “casting.”

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: armor, tabernacle, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5153, H5154, H5174, H5178, G5470, G5474, G5475

burden, load, heavy, hard work, hard labor, utterances

Other :: burden, load, heavy, hard work, hard labor, utterances

Definition:

A burden is a heavy load. It literally refers to a physical load such as a work animal would carry. The term “burden” also has several figurative meanings:

A burden can refer to a difficult duty or important responsibility that a person has to do. He is said to be “bearing” or “carrying” a “heavy burden.”
A cruel leader may put difficult burdens on the people he is ruling, for example by forcing them to pay large amounts of taxes.
A person who does not want to be a burden to someone does not want to cause that other person any trouble.
The guilt of a person’s sin is a burden to him.
The “burden of the Lord” is a figurative way of referring to a “message from God” that a prophet must deliver to God’s people.
The term “burden” can be translated by “responsibility” or “duty” or “heavy load” or “message,” depending on the context.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2960, H3053, H4614, H4853, H4864, H5445, H5447, H5448, H5449, H5450, H6006, G0004, G0916, G0922, G2347, G2599, G2655, G5413

burnt offering, offering by fire

Other :: burnt offering, offering by fire

Definition:

A “burnt offering” was a type of sacrifice to God that was burnt up by fire on an altar. It was offered to make atonement for the sins of the people. This was also called an “offering by fire.”

Animals used for this offering were usually sheep or goats, but oxen and birds were also used.
Except for the skin, the entire animal was burned up in this offering. The skin or hide was given to the priest.
God commanded the Jewish people to offer burnt offerings two times every day.

(See also: altar, atonement, ox, priest, sacrifice)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H801, H5930, H7133, H8548, G3646

bury, buried, burial

Other :: bury, buried, burial

Definition:

The term “bury” refers to putting an object (usually a dead body) into a hole or other burial place and then covering it with dirt or stones, etc. The term “burial” is the act of burying something, or it can be used to describe a place where something has been buried.

Often people bury a dead body by placing it into a deep hole in the ground and then covering it with dirt.
Sometimes the dead body is placed in a box-like structure, such as a coffin, before burying it.
In Bible times, dead people were often buried in a cave or similar place. After Jesus died, his body was wrapped in cloths and placed in a stone tomb that was sealed with a large boulder.
The terms “burial place” or “burial room” or “burial chamber” or “burial cave” always refer to a place where a dead body is buried.
Other things can also be buried, such as when Achan buried silver and other things that he had stolen from Jericho.
The phrase “buried his face” usually means “covered his face with his hands.”
Sometimes the word “hide” can mean “bury” as when Achan hid things in the ground that he had stolen from Jericho. This meant he buried them in the ground.

(See also:Jericho, tomb)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6900, H6912, H6913, G1779, G1780, G2290, G4916, G5027

camel

Other :: camel

Definition:

A camel is a large, four legged animal with one or two humps on its back. (See also: How to Translate Unknowns

In Bible times, the camel was the largest animal found in Israel and the surrounding regions.
The camel was used mainly for carrying people and burdens.
Some people groups also used camels for food but not the Israelites because God said that camels were unclean and were not to be eaten.
Camels were valuable because they could move swiftly in the sand and could live without food and water for several weeks at a time.

(See also: burden, clean)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1581, G2574

captive, captivate, captivity, catch

Other :: captive, captivate, captivity, catch

Definition:

The terms “captive” and “captivity” refer to people who have been captured and forced to live somewhere they do not want to live, such as in a foreign country.

The Israelites from the kingdom of Judah were held captive in the kingdom of Babylonia for 70 years.
Captives are often required to work for the people or nation that captured them.
Daniel and Nehemiah were Israelite captives who worked for the Babylonian king.
The expression to “take captive” is another way of talking about capturing someone.
The expression, “carry you away captive” could also be translated as “force you to live as captives” or “take you away to another country as prisoners.”
In a figurative sense, the apostle Paul tells Christians to “take captive” every thought and make it obedient to Christ.
He also talks about how a person can be “taken captive” by sin, which means he is “controlled by” sin.

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, to be “held captive” could also be translated by, “not allowed to be free” or “kept in prison” or “forced to live in a foreign country.”
The expression, “led captive” or “taken captive” could be translated as “captured” or “imprisoned” or “forced to go to a foreign land.”
The term “captives” could also be translated as “people who were captured” or “enslaved people.”
Depending on the context, “captivity” could also be translated as “imprisonment” or “exile” or “forced stay in a foreign country.”

(See also: Babylon, exile, prison, seize)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1123, H1473, H1540, H1546, H1547, H7617, H7622, H7628, H7633, H7686, G161, G162, G163, G164, G2221

cast out, driving out, throw out

Other :: cast out, driving out, throw out

Definition:

To “cast out” or “drive out” someone or something means to force that person or thing to go away.

The term “cast” means the same thing as “throw.” To cast a net means to throw the net into the water.
In a figurative sense, “cast out” or “cast away” someone can mean to reject that person and send him away.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, other ways to translate this could include, “force out” or “send away” or “get rid of.”
To “cast out demons” could be translated as “cause the demons to leave” or “drive the evil spirits out” or “expel the demons” or “command the demon to come out.”
To “cast out” someone from a synagog or church could be translated as “banish them” or “put them out.”

(See also: demon, demon-possessed, lots)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1272, H1644, H1920, H3423, H7971, H7993, G1544

caught up

Other :: caught up

Definition:

The term “caught up” often refers to God taking a person up to heaven in a sudden, miraculous way.

The phrase “caught up with” refers to coming up to someone after hurrying to reach him. A term with a similar meaning is “overtake.”
The apostle Paul talked about being “caught up” to the third heaven. This could also be translated as “taken up.”
Paul said that when Christ comes back, Christians will be “caught up” together to meet him in the air.
The figurative expression, “my sins have caught up with me” could be translated as “I am receiving the consequences of my sin” or “because of my sin I am suffering” or “my sin is causing me trouble.”

(see: miracle, overtake, suffer, trouble)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1692, G726

cedar, cedarwood

Other :: cedar, cedarwood

Definition:

The term “cedar” refers to a large fir tree which normally has reddish-brown wood. Like other firs, it has cones and needle-like leaves.

The Old Testament often mentions cedar trees in connection with Lebanon, where they grew plentifully.
Cedar wood was used in the construction of the Jerusalem temple.
It was also used for sacrifices and purification offerings.

(See also: fir, pure, sacrifice, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H730

census

Other :: census

Definition:

The term “census” refers to a formal counting of the number of people in a nation or empire.

The Old Testament records different times when God ordered that the men of Israel be counted, such as when the Israelites first left Egypt and then again just before they entered Canaan.
Often the purpose of a census was in order to know how many people should be paying taxes.
For example, one time in Exodus the Israelite men were counted so that each one would pay a half shekel for taking care of the temple.
When Jesus was a baby, the Roman government did a census to count all the people who lived throughout their empire, to require them to pay taxes.

Translation Suggestions

Possible ways to translate this term could include, “name counting” or “list of names” or “enrollment.”
The phrase “take a census” could be translated as “register people’s names” or “enroll people” or “write down people’s names.”

(See also: nation, Rome)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3789, H5674, H5921, H6485, H7218, G582, G583

chaff

Other :: chaff

Definition:

Chaff is a dry protective covering of a grain seed. The chaff is not good for food so people separate it from the seed and throw it away.

Often, the chaff is separated from the seed by throwing the heads of grain up into the air. The wind blows the chaff away and the seed falls on the ground. This process is called “winnowing.”
In the Bible, this term is also used figuratively to refer to evil people and evil, worthless things.

(See also: grain, wheat, winnow)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2842, H4671, H5784, H8401, G892

cherub

Other :: cherub

Definition:

The term “cherub,” and its plural form “cherubim,” refer to a special type of heavenly being that God created. The Bible describes cherubim as having wings and flames.

The cherubim display the glory and power of God and seem to be guardians of sacred things.
After Adam and Eve sinned, God placed cherubim with flaming swords at the east side of the Garden of Eden so that people could no longer get to the tree of life.
God commanded the Israelites to carve two cherubim facing each other, with their wings touching, over the atonement lid of the ark of the covenant.
He also told them to weave pictures of the cherubim into the curtains of the tabernacle.
In some passages, these creatures are also described as having four faces: of a man, a lion, an ox, and an eagle.
Cherubim are sometimes thought of as being angels, but the Bible does not clearly state that.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “cherubim” could be translated as “creatures with wings” or “guardians with wings” or “winged spiritual guardians” or “holy, winged guardians.”
A “cherub” should be translated as the singular of cherubim, as in, “creature with wings” or “winged spiritual guardian,” for example.
Make sure that the translation of this term is different from the translation of “angel.”
Also consider how this term is translated or written in a Bible translation in a local or national language. (See: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: angel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3742, G5502

chief, leader

Other :: chief, leader

Definition:

The term “chief” refers to the most powerful or most important leader of a particular group.

Examples of this include, “chief musician,” “chief priest,” and “chief tax collector.” and “chief ruler.”
It can also be used for the head of a specific family, as in Genesis 36 where certain men are named as “chiefs” of their family clans. In this context, the term “chief” could also be translated as “leader” or “head father.”
When used to describe a noun, this term could be translated as “leading” or “ruling,” as in “leading musician” or “ruling priest.”

(See also: head, chief priests, priest, tax collector)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H47, H441, H5057, H5387, H5632, H6496, H7218, H7225, H7227, H7229, H7262, H8269, H8334, G749, G750, G754, G4410, G4413, G5506

chronicles

Other :: chronicles

Definition:

The term “chronicle” refers to a written record of events over a period of time.

Two Old Testament books are called “First Book of the Chronicles” and “Second Book of the Chronicles.”
The books called “Chronicles” record part of the history of the Israelite people, beginning with a list of people in every generation since Adam.
The “First Book of the Chronicles” records the end of King Saul’s life and the events of King David’s reign.
The “Second Book of the Chronicles” records the reigns of King Solomon and several other kings, including the building of the temple and the separation of the northern kingdom of Israel from the southern kingdom of Judah.
The end of 2 Chronicles describes the beginning of the Babylonian exile.

(See also: Babylon, David, exile, kingdom of Israel, Judah, Solomon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1697

cistern, well

Other :: cistern, well

Definition:

The terms “well” and “cistern” refer to two different kinds of sources for water in Bible times.

A well is a deep hole dug into the ground so that underground water can flow into it.
A cistern is a deep hole dug into rock that was used as a holding tank for collecting rain water.
Cisterns were usually dug into rock and sealed with plaster to keep the water in. A “broken cistern” happened when the plaster became cracked so that the water leaked out.
Cisterns were often located in the courtyard area of people’s homes to catch the rainwater that would run off the roof.
Wells were often located where they could be accessed by several families or a whole community.
Because water was very important for both people and livestock, the right to use a well was often a cause of strife and conflict.
Both wells and cisterns were usually covered with a large stone to prevent anything falling in it. Often there was a rope with a bucket or pot attached to it to bring the water up to the surface.
Sometimes a dry cistern was used as a place to imprison someone, such as happened to Joseph and Jeremiah.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate “well” could include “deep water hole” or “deep hole for spring water” or “deep hole for drawing water.”
The term “cistern” could be translated as “stone water pit” or “deep and narrow pit for water” or “underground tank for holding water.”
These terms are similar in meaning. The main difference is that a well continually receives water from underground springs, whereas a cistern is a holding tank for water that usually comes from rain.

(See also: Jeremiah, prison, strife)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H875, H883, H953, H1360, H4599, H4726, H4841, G4077, G5421

citizen, citizenship

Other :: citizen, citizenship

Definition:

A citizen is someone who lives in a specific city, country, or kingdom. It especially refers to someone who is recognized officially as being a legal resident of that place.

Depending on the context, this could also be translated as “inhabitant” or “official resident.”
A citizen could live in a region that is part of a larger kingdom or empire that is governed by a king, emperor, or other ruler. For example, Paul was a citizen of the Roman Empire, which consisted of many different provinces; Paul lived in one of those provinces.
In a figurative sense, believers in Jesus are called “citizens” of heaven in the sense that they will live there someday. Like a citizen of a country, Christians belong to God’s kingdom.

(See: kingdom, Paul, province, Rome)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6440, G4175, G4177, G4847

clan

Other :: clan

Definition:

The term “clan” refers to a group of extended family members who come from a common ancestor.

In the Old Testament, the Israelites were counted according to their clans, or family groups.
Clans were normally named after their most well-known ancestor.
Individual people were sometimes referred to by the name of their clan. An example of this is when Moses’ father-in-law Jethro is sometimes called by his clan name, Reuel.
The term “clan” might also be translated as “family group” or “extended family” or “relatives.”

(See also: family, Jethro, tribe)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0001, H0441, H1004, H4940

clothe, clothed, clothes, clothing, unclothed, garments

Other :: clothe, clothed, clothes, clothing, unclothed, garments

Definition:

When used figuratively in the Bible, “clothed with” means to be endowed or equipped with something. To “clothe” oneself with something means to seek to have a certain character quality.

In the same way that clothing is external to your body and is visible to all, when you are “clothed” with a certain character quality, others can readily see it. To “clothe yourself with kindness” means to let your actions be so characterized by kindness that it is easily seen by everyone.
To be “clothed with power from on high” means to have power given to you.
This term is also used to express negative experiences, such as “clothed with shame” or “clothed with terror.”

Translation Suggestions:

If possible, it is best to keep the literal figure of speech, “clothe yourselves with.” Another way to translate this could be “put on” if this refers to putting on clothes.
If that does not give the correct meaning, other ways to translate “clothed with” could be “showing” or “manifesting” or “filled with” or “having the quality of.”
The term “clothe yourself with” could also be translated as “cover yourself with” or “behave in a way that shows.”

Bible References:

Luke 24:49

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0899, H3680, H3736, H3830, H3847, H3848, H4055, H4374, H5497, H8008, H8071, H8516, G0294, G1463, G1562, G1737, G1742, G1746, G1902, G2066, G2224, G2439, G2440, G4016, G4749, G5509

column, pillar

Other :: column, pillar

Definition:

The term “pillar” usually refers to a large vertical structure that is used to hold up a roof or other part of a building. Another word for “pillar” is “column.”

In Bible times, pillars used as support in buildings were normally carved from a single piece of stone.
When Samson in the Old Testament was captured by the Philistines, he destroyed their pagan temple by pushing the supporting pillars and causing the temple to collapse.
The word “pillar” sometimes refers to a large stone or boulder that is set up as a memorial to mark a grave or to mark the place where an important event happened.
It can also refer to an idol that was made to worship a false god. It is another name for a “carved image” and could be translated as “statue.”
The term “pillar” is used to refer to something that is shaped like a pillar, such as the “pillar of fire” that led the Israelites at night through the desert or the “pillar of salt” that Lot’s wife became after she looked back at the city.
As a structure supporting a building, the term “pillar” or “column” could be translated as “upright stone support beam” or “supporting stone structure.”
Other uses of “pillar” could be translated as “statue” or “pile” or “mound” or “monument” or “tall mass,” depending on the context.

(See also: foundation, false god, image)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H352, H547, H2106, H2553, H3730, H4552, H4676, H4678, H4690, H5324, H5333, H5982, H8490, G4769

comfort, comforts, comforter, uncomforted

Other :: comfort, comforts, comforter, uncomforted

Definition:

The terms “comfort” and “comforter” refer to helping someone who is suffering physical or emotional pain.

A person who comforts someone is called a “comforter.”
In the Old Testament, the term “comfort” is used to describe how God is kind and loving to his people and helps them when they are suffering.
In the New Testament, it says that God will comfort his people through the Holy Spirit. Those who receive the comfort are then enabled to give the same comfort to others who are suffering.
The expression “comforter of Israel” referred to the Messiah who would come to rescue his people.
Jesus referred to the Holy Spirit as the “Comforter” who helps believers in Jesus.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, “comfort” could also be translated as “ease the pain of” or “help (someone) overcome grief” or “encourage” or “console.”
A phrase such as “our comfort” could be translated as “our encouragement” or “our consoling of (someone)” or “our help in times of grieving.”
The term “comforter” could be translated as “person who comforts” or “someone who helps ease pain” or “person who encourages.”
When the Holy Spirit is called “the Comforter” this could also be translated as “the Encourager” or “the Helper” or “the One who helps and guides.”
The phrase “comforter of Israel” could be translated as “the Messiah, who comforts Israel.”
An expression like, “they have no comforter” could also be translated as “No one has comforted them” or “There is no one to encourage or help them.”

(See also: encourage, Holy Spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2505, H5150, H5162, H5165, H5564, H8575, G302, G3870, G3874, G3875, G3888, G3890, G3931

commander

Other :: commander

Definition:

The term “commander” refers to a leader of an army who is responsible for leading and commanding a certain group of soldiers.

A commander could be in charge of a small group of soldiers or a large group, such as a thousand men.
This term is also used to refer to Yahweh as the commander of angel armies.
Other ways to translate “commander” could include, “leader” or “captain” or “officer.”
The term to “command” an army could be translated as to “lead” or to “be in charge of.”

(See also: command, ruler, centurion)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2710, H2951, H1169, H4929, H5057, H6346, H7101, H7262, H7218, H7227, H7229, H7990, H8269, G5506

commit, committed, commitment

Other :: commit, committed, commitment

Definition:

The terms “commit” and “commitment” refers to making a decision or promising to do something.

A person who promises to do something is also described as being “committed” to doing it.
To “commit” to someone a certain task means to assign that task to that person. For example, in 2 Corinthians Paul says that God has “committed” (or “given”) to us the ministry of helping people be reconciled to God.
The terms “commit” and “committed” also often refer to doing a certain wrong action such as “commit a sin” or “commit adultery” or “commit murder.”
The expression “committed to him the task” could also be translated as “gave him the task” or “entrusted to him the task” or “assigned the task to him.”
The term “commitment” could be translated by, “task that was given” or “promise that was made.”

(See also: adultery, faithful, promise, sin)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H539, H817, H1361, H1497, H1500, H1540, H1556, H2181, H2388, H2398, H2399, H2403, H4560, H4603, H5003, H5753, H5766, H5771, H6213, H6466, H7683, H7760, H7847, G264, G2038, G2716, G3429, G3431, G3860, G3872, G3908, G4102, G4160, G4203

companion, fellow worker, friend

Other :: companion, fellow worker, friend

Facts:

The term “companion” refers to a person who goes with someone else or who is associated with someone else, such as in a friendship or marriage. The term “fellow worker” refers to someone who works with another person.

Companions go through experiences together, share meals together, and support and encourage each other.
Depending on the context, this term could also be translated with a word or phrase that means, “friend” or “fellow traveler” or “supporting-person who goes with” or “person who works with.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H251, H441, H2269, H2270, H2273, H2278, H3674, H3675, H4828, H7453, H7462, H7464, G2844, G3353, G4898, G4904

conceive, conception

Other :: conceive, conception

Definition:

The terms “conceive” and “conception” usually refer to becoming pregnant with a child. It can also be used for animals that become pregnant.

The phrase “conceive a child” could be translated as “become pregnant” or some other term that is an acceptable way of referring to this.
The related term “conception” could be translated as “beginning of a pregnancy” or “moment of becoming pregnant.”
These terms can also refer to creating something or thinking of something, such as an idea, a plan, or a task. Ways to translate this could include, “think of” or “plan” or “create,” depending on the context.
Sometimes this term can be used figuratively as in, “when sin is conceived” which means “when sin is first thought of” or “at the very start of a sin” or “when a sin first begins.”

(See also: create, womb)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2029, H2030, H2032, H2232, H2254, H2803, H3179, G1080, G1722, G2845, G4815

concubine

Other :: concubine

Definition:

A concubine is a woman who is a secondary wife for a man who already has a wife. Usually a concubine is not legally married to the man.

In the Old Testament, concubines were often female slaves.
A concubine could be acquired by purchase, through military conquest, or in payment of a debt.
For a king, having many concubines was a sign of power.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3904, H6370

confidence, confident

Other :: confidence, confident

Definition:

The term “confidence” refers to being sure that something is true or certain to happen.

In the Bible, the term “hope” often means to wait expectantly for something that is sure to happen. The ULT often translates this as “confidence” or “confidence for the future” or “future confidence” especially when it means to be assured of receiving what God has promised to believers in Jesus.
Often the term “confidence” refers especially to the certainty that believers in Jesus have that they will someday be with God forever in heaven.
The phrase, “have confidence in God” means to fully expect to receive and experience what God has promised.
Being “confident” means believing in God’s promises and acting with the assurance that God will do what he has said. This term can also have the meaning of acting boldly and courageously.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “confident” could be translated as “assured” or “very sure.”
The phrase “be confident” could also be translated as “trust completely” or “be completely sure about” or “know for certain.”
The term “confidently” could also be translated as “boldly” or “with certainty.”
Depending on the context, ways to translate “confidence” could include, “complete assurance” or “sure expectation” or “certainty.”

(See also: believe, believe, bold, faithful, hope, trust)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H982, H983, H986, H3689, H3690, H4009, G2292, G3954, G3982, G4006, G5287

confirm, confirmation, legal

Other :: confirm, confirmation, legal

Definition:

The term “confirm” refers to verifying that something is true or legally certifying that a transaction has occurred.

When a king is “confirmed” it means that the decision to make him king has been agreed upon and supported by the people.
To confirm what someone wrote means to verify that what was written is true.
The “confirmation” of the gospel means teaching people about the good news of Jesus in such a way that it shows that it is true.
To give an oath “as confirmation” means to solemnly state or swear that something is true or trustworthy.
Ways to translate “confirm” could include, “state as true” or “prove to be trustworthy” or “agree with” or “assure” or “promise,” depending on the context.

(See also: covenant, oath, trust)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H559, H1396, H3045, H3559, H4390, H4672, H5414, H5975, H6213, H6965, G950, G951, G3315, G4972

consume, devour

Other :: consume, devour

Definition:

The term “consume” literally means to use up something. It has several figurative meanings.

In the Bible, the word “consume” often refers to destroying things or people.
A fire is said to consume things, which means it destroys them by burning them up.
God is described as a “consuming fire,” which is a description of his anger against sin. His anger results in terrible punishment for sinners who do not repent.
To consume food means to eat or drink something.
The phrase, “consume the land” could be translated as “destroy the land.”

Translation Suggestions

In the context of consuming the land or people, this term could be translated as “destroy.”
When fire is referred to, “consume” could be translated as “burn up.”
The burning bush that Moses saw “was not consumed” which could be translated as “did not get burned up” or “did not burn up.”
When referring to eating, “consume” could be translated as “eat” or “devour.”
If someone’s strength is “consumed,” it means his strength is “used up” or “gone.”
The expression, “God is a consuming fire” could be translated as “God is like a fire that burns things up” or “God is angry against sin and will destroy sinners like a fire.”

(See also: devour, wrath)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H398, H402, H1086, H1104, H1197, H2628, H3615, H3617, H3857, H4529, H5595, H8046, H8552, G355, G2618, G2654, G2719, G5315

contempt, contemptible, not worth listening to

Other :: contempt, contemptible, not worth listening to

Facts:

The term “contempt” refers to a deep disrespect and dishonor that is shown toward something or someone. Something that is greatly dishonorable is called “contemptible.”

A person or behavior that shows open disrespect for God is also called “contemptible” and could be translated as “greatly disrespectful” or “completely dishonorable” or “deserving scorn.”
To “hold in contempt” means to regard someone as having less value or to judge someone as less worthy than oneself.
The following expressions have a similar meaning: “have contempt for” or “show contempt for” or “be in contempt of” or “treat with contempt.” These all mean to “strongly disrespect” or “strongly dishonor” something or someone by what is said and done.
When King David sinned by committing adultery and murder, God said that David had “shown contempt for” God. It means he had greatly disrespected and dishonored God by doing that.

(See also: dishonor)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H936, H937, H959, H963, H1860, H7043, H7589, H5006, G1848

corrupt witness, false report, false testimony, false witness

Other :: corrupt witness, false report, false testimony, false witness

Definition:

The terms “false witness” and “corrupt witness” refer to a person who says untrue things about a person or an event, usually in a formal setting such as a court.

A “false testimony” or “false report” is the actual lie that is told.
To “bear false witness” means to lie or give a false report about something.
The Bible gives several accounts in which false witnesses were hired to lie about someone in order to have that person punished or killed.

Translation Suggestions:

To “bear false witness” or “give a false testimony” could be translated as “testify falsely” or “give a false report about someone” or “speak falsely against someone” or “lie.”
When “false witness” refers to a person, it could be translated as “person who lies” or “one who testifies falsely” or “someone who says things that are not true.”

(See also: testimony, true)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5707, H6030, H7650, H8267, G1965, G3144, G5571, G5575, G5576, G5577

corrupt, corrupted, corruption, incorruptibility, depraved

Other :: corrupt, corrupted, corruption, incorruptibility, depraved

Definition:

The terms “corrupt” and “corruption” refer to a state of affairs in which people have become ruined, immoral, or dishonest.

The term “corrupt” literally means to be “bent” or “broken” morally.
A person who is corrupt has turned away from truth and is doing things that are dishonest or immoral.
To corrupt someone means to influence that person to do dishonest and immoral things.

Translation Suggestions:

The term to “corrupt” could be translated as to “influence to do evil” or to “cause to be immoral.”
A corrupt person could be described as a person “who has become immoral” or “who practices evil.”
This term could also be translated as “bad” or “immoral” or “evil.”
The term “corruption” could be translated as “the practice of evil” or “evil” or “immorality.”

(See also: evil)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2610, H3891, H4889, H7843, H7844, G861, G1311, G2704, G5351, G5356

council

Other :: council

Definition:

A council is a group of people who meet to discuss, give advice, and make decisions about important matters.

A council is usually organized in an official and somewhat permanent way for a specific purpose, such as making decisions about legal matters.
The “Jewish Council” in Jerusalem, also known as the “Sanhedrin,” had 70 members, which included Jewish leaders such as chief priests, elders, scribes, Pharisees, and Sadducees who met regularly to decide matters of Jewish law. It was this council of religious leaders who put Jesus on trial and decided that he should be killed.
There were also smaller Jewish councils in other cities.
The apostle Paul was brought before a Roman council when he was arrested for teaching the gospel.
Depending on the context, the word “council” could also be translated as “legal assembly” or “political assembly.”
To be “in council” means to be in a special meeting to decide something.
Note that this is a different word than “counsel,” which means “wise advice.”

(See also: assembly, counsel, Pharisee, law, priest, Sadducee, scribe)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4186, H5475, G1010, G4824, G4892

courage, courageous, encourage, encouragement, discourage, discouragement

Other :: courage, courageous, encourage, encouragement, discourage, discouragement

Facts:

The term “courage” refers to boldly facing or doing something that is difficult, frightening, or dangerous.

The term, “courageous” describes someone who shows courage, who does the right thing even when feeling afraid or pressured to give up.
A person shows courage when he faces emotional or physical pain with strength and perseverance.
The expression “take courage” means “don’t be afraid” or “be assured that things will turn out well.”
When Joshua was preparing to go into the dangerous land of Canaan, Moses exhorted him to be “strong and courageous.”
The term “courageous” could also be translated as “brave” or “unafraid” or “bold.”
Depending on the context, to “have courage” could also be translated as “be emotionally strong” or “be confident” or “stand firm.”
To “speak with courage” could be translated as “speak boldly” or “speak without being afraid” or “speak confidently.”

The terms “encourage” and “encouragement” refer to saying and doing things to cause someone to have comfort, hope, confidence, and courage.

A similar term is “exhort,” which means to urge someone to reject an activity that is wrong and to instead do things that are good and right.
The apostle Paul and other New Testament writers taught Christians to encourage one another to love and serve others.

The term “discourage” refers to saying and doing things that cause people to lose hope, confidence, and courage and so to have less desire to keep working hard to do what they know they should do.

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, ways to translate “encourage” could include “urge” or “comfort” or “say kind things” or “help and support.”
The phrase “give words of encouragement” means “say things that cause other people to feel loved, accepted, and empowered.”

(See also: confidence, exhort, fear, strength)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H533, H553, H1368, H2388, H2388, H2428, H3820, H3824, H7307, G2114, G2115, G2174, G2292, G2293, G2294, G3870, G3874, G3954, G4389, G4837, G5111

court, courtyard

Other :: court, courtyard

Definition:

The terms “courtyard” and “court” refer to an enclosed area that is open to the sky and surrounded by walls. The term “court” also refers to a place where judges decide legal and criminal matters.

The tabernacle was surrounded by one courtyard which was enclosed by walls made of thick, cloth curtains.
The temple complex had three inner courtyards: one for the priests, one for Jewish men, and one for Jewish women.
These inner courtyards were surrounded by a low stone wall that separated them from an outer courtyard where Gentiles were permitted to worship.
The courtyard of a house was an open area in the middle of the house.
The phrase “king’s court” can refer to his palace or to a place in his palace where he makes judgments.
The expression, “courts of Yahweh” is a figurative way of referring to Yahweh’s dwelling place or to the place where people go to worship Yahweh.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “courtyard” could be translated as “enclosed space” or “walled-in land” or “temple grounds” or “temple enclosure.”
Sometimes the term “temple” may need to be translated as “temple courtyards” or “temple complex” so that it is clear that the courtyards are being referred to, not the temple building.
The expression, “courts of Yahweh” could be translated as “place where Yahweh lives” or “place where Yahweh is worshiped.”
The term used for a king’s court could also be used to refer to Yahweh’s court.

(See also: Gentile, judge, king, tabernacle, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1004, H1508, H2691, H5835, H7339, H8651, G833, G4259

cow, bull, calf, cattle, heifer, ox

Other :: cow, bull, calf, cattle, heifer, ox

Definition:

The terms “cow,” “bull,” “heifer,” “ox,” and “cattle” all refer to a kind of large, four-legged bovine animal that eats grass.

The female of this kind of animal is called a “cow,” the male is a “bull,” and their offspring is a “calf.”
In the Bible, cattle were among the “clean” animals that the people could eat and use for sacrifice. They were primarily raised for their meat and milk.

A “heifer” is an adult female cow that has not yet given birth to a calf.

An “ox” is a type of cattle that is specifically trained to do agricultural work. The plural of this term is “oxen.” Usually oxen are male and have been castrated.

Throughout the Bible, oxen were depicted as animals tied together by a yoke to pull a cart or a plow.
Having oxen work together under a yoke was such a common occurrence in the Bible that the phrase to “be under a yoke” became a metaphor for hard work and labor.
A bull is also a male type of cattle, but it has not been castrated and has not been trained as a work animal.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: yoke)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0047, H0441, H0504, H0929, H1165, H1241, H4399, H4735, H4806, H5695, H5697, H6499, H6510, H6629, H7214, H7716, H7794, H7921, H8377, H8450, G1016, G1151, G2353, G2934, G3447, G3448, G4165, G5022

create, created, creation, creator

Other :: create, created, creation, creator

Definition:

The term “create” means to make something or to cause something to be. Whatever is created is called a “creation.” God is called the “Creator” because he caused everything in the entire universe to come into existence.

When this term is used to refer to God creating the world, it means he made it out of nothing.
When human beings “create” something, it means they made it out of things that already existed.
Sometimes “create” is used in a figurative way to describe something abstract, such as creating peace, or creating a pure heart in someone.
The term “creation” can refer to the very beginning of the world when God first created everything. It can also be used to refer generally to everything that God created. Sometimes the word “creation” refers more specifically to just the people in the world.

Translation Suggestions:

Some languages may have to directly say that God created the world “out of nothing” to make sure this meaning is clear.
The phrase, “since the creation of the world” means “since the time when God created the world.”
A similar phrase, “at the beginning of creation” could be translated as “when God created the world at the beginning of time,” or “when the world was first created.”
To preach the good news to “all creation” means to preach the good news to “all people everywhere on earth.”
The phrase “Let all creation rejoice” means “Let everything that God created rejoice.”
Depending on the context, “create” could be translated as “make” or “cause to be” or “make out of nothing.”
The term “the Creator” could be translated as “the One who created everything” or “God, who made the whole world.”
Phrases like “your Creator” could be translated as “God, who created you.”

(See also: God, good news, world)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3335, H4639, H6213, H6385, H7069, G2041, G2602, G2675, G2936, G2937, G2939, G4160, G5480

creature, creation

Other :: creature, creation

Definition:

The term “creature” refers to all the living beings that God created, both humans and animals.

The prophet Ezekiel described seeing “living creatures” in his vision of the glory of God. He did not know what they were, so he gave them this very general label.
Note that the term “creation” has a different meaning since it includes everything God created, both living and nonliving things (such as land, water, and stars). The term “creature” only includes living things.

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, “creature” could be translated as “being” or “living being” or “created being.”
The plural, “creatures” could be translated as “all living things” or “people and animals” or “animals” or “human beings.”

(See also: create)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1320, H1321, H1870, H2119, H2416, H4639, H5315, H5971, H7430, H8318, G2226, G2937, G2938

crime, criminal

Other :: crime, criminal

Definition:

The term “crime” usually refers to a sin that involves breaking the law of a country or state. The term “criminal” refers to someone who has committed a crime.

Types of crimes include such things as killing a person or stealing someone’s property.
A criminal is usually captured and kept in some form of captivity such as a prison.
In Bible times, some criminals became fugitives, wandering from place to place to escape people who wanted to harm them out of revenge for their crime.

(See also: thief)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2154, H2400, H4639, H5771, H7563, H7564, G2556, G2557, G4467

crown, crowned

Other :: crown, crowned

Definition:

A crown is a decorative, circular headpiece worn on the head of rulers such as kings and queens. The term to “crown” means to put a crown on someone’s head; figuratively it means, to “honor.”

Crowns are usually made of gold or silver, and are embedded with precious gems such as emeralds and rubies.
A crown was intended to be a symbol of a king’s power and wealth.
By contrast, the crown made of thorn branches that the Roman soldiers placed on Jesus’ head was meant to mock him and hurt him.
In ancient times, winners of athletic contests would be awarded a crown made out of olive branches. The apostle Paul mentions this crown in his second letter to Timothy.
Used figuratively, to “crown” means to honor someone. We honor God by obeying him and praising him to others. This is like putting a crown on him and acknowledging that he is King.
Pauls calls fellow believers his “joy and crown.” In this expression, “crown” is used figuratively to mean that Paul has been greatly blessed and honored by how these believers have remained faithful in serving God.
When used figuratively, “crown” could be translated as “prize” or “honor” or “reward.”
The figurative use of to “crown” could be translated as to “honor” or to “decorate.”
If a person is “crowned” this could be translated as “a crown was put on his head.”
The expression, “he was crowned with glory and honor” could be translated as “glory and honor were bestowed on him” or “he was given glory and honor” or “he was endowed with glory and honor.”

(See also: glory, king, olive)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3803, H3804, H5145, H5849, H5850, H6936, G1238, G4735, G4737

cry, cry out, outcry

Other :: cry, cry out, outcry

Definition:

The terms “cry” or “cry out” usually mean to say something loudly or urgently. Someone can “cry out” in pain, distress, anger, or fear, often with the intent of asking for help.

The phrase “cry out” can also mean to shout or to call out with the intent of asking for help.
It can also mean to pray.
This term could also be translated as “exclaim loudly” or “urgently ask for help,” depending on the context.
An expression such as, “I cry out to you” could be translated as “I call to you for help” or “I urgently ask you for help.”

(See also: call, plead, pray)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1058, H2199, H2201, H6030, H6463, H6670, H6682, H6817, H6818, H6873, H6963, H7121, H7123, H7321, H7440, H7442, H7723, H7737, H7768, H7771, H7775, H8663, G310, G349, G863, G994, G995, G1916, G2019, G2799, G2805, G2896, G2905, G2906, G2929, G4377, G5455

cupbearer

Other :: cupbearer

Definition:

In Old Testament times, a “cupbearer” was a king’s servant who was given the task of bringing the king his cup of wine, usually tasting the wine first to make sure it had not been poisoned.

In English, the term cupbearer literally means “cup bringer” or “someone who brings the cup.”
A cupbearer was known for being very trustworthy and loyal to his king.
Because of his trusted position, a cupbearer would often have influence in the decisions the ruler made.
Nehemiah was the cupbearer for King Artaxerxes of Persia during the time when some of the Israelites were in captivity in Babylon.

(See also: Artaxerxes, Babylon, captive, Persia, Pharaoh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8248

curtain

Other :: curtain

Definition:

In the Bible, the term “curtain” refers to a very thick, heavy piece of material used in the making of the tabernacle and the temple.

The tabernacle was built using four layers of curtains for the top and sides. These curtain coverings were made of cloth or animal skins.
Cloth curtains were also used to form a wall surrounding the tabernacle courtyard. These curtains were made out of “linen” which was a kind of cloth made out of the flax plant.
In both the tabernacle and temple building, a thick cloth curtain hung between the holy place and the most holy place. It was this curtain that was miraculously torn into two parts when Jesus died.

Translation Suggestions:

Since modern-day curtains are very different from the curtains used in the Bible, it may be more clear to use a different word or to add words that describe the curtains.
Depending on the context, ways to translate this term could include, “curtain covering” or “covering” or “piece of thick cloth” or “animal skin covering” or “hanging piece of cloth.”

(See also: holy place, tabernacle, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1852, H3407, H4539, H6532, H7050, G2665

cut off, cut down

Other :: cut off, cut down

Definition:

The expression “be cut off” is an expression that means to be excluded, banished or isolated from the main group. It can also refer to being killed as an act of divine judgment for sin.

In the Old Testament, disobeying God’s commands resulted in being cut off, or separated, from God’s people and from his presence.
God also said he would “cut off” or destroy the non-Israelite nations, because they did not worship or obey him and were enemies of Israel.
The expression “cut off” is also used to refer to God causing a river to stop flowing.

Translation Suggestions:

The expression “be cut off” could be translated as “be banished” or “be sent away” or “be separated from” or “be killed” or “be destroyed.”
Depending on the context, to “cut off” could be translated as to “destroy” or to “send away” or to “separate from” or to “destroy.”
In the context of flowing waters being cut off, this could be translated as “were stopped” or “were caused to stop flowing” or “were divided.”
The literal meaning of cutting something with a knife should be distinguished from the figurative uses of this term.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1214, H1219, H1438, H1494, H1504, H1629, H1820, H2686, H3582, H3772, H5243, H5352, H6789, H7088, H7096, H7112, H7113, G609, G851, G1581

cypress

Other :: cypress

Definition:

The term “cypress” refers to a kind of fir tree that was plentiful in the regions where people lived in Bible times, especially countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea.

Cyprus and Lebanon are two places that are specifically mentioned in the Bible as having many cypress trees.
The wood that Noah used to build the ark may have been cypress.
Because cypress wood is sturdy and long-lasting, it was used by ancient peoples for building boats and other structures.

(See also: ark, Cyprus, fir, Lebanon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8645

darkness

Other :: darkness

Definition:

The term “darkness” literally means an absence of light. There are also several figurative meanings of this term:

As a metaphor, “darkness” means “impurity” or “evil” or “spiritual blindness.”
It also refers to anything related to sin and moral corruption.
The expression “dominion of darkness” refers to all that is evil and ruled by Satan.
The term “darkness” can also be used as a metaphor for death. (See: Metaphor
People who do not know God are said to be “living in darkness,” which means they do not understand or practice righteousness.
God is light (righteousness) and the darkness (evil) cannot overcome that light.
The place of punishment for those who reject God is sometimes referred to as “outer darkness.”

Translation Suggestions:

It is best to translate this term literally, with a word in the project language that refers to the absence of light. This could also be a term that refers to the darkness of a room with no light or to the time of day when there is no light.
For the figurative uses, it is also important to keep the image of darkness in contrast to light, as a way to describe evil and deception in contrast to goodness and truth.
Depending on the context, other ways to translate this could be, “darkness of night” (as opposed to “light of day”) or “not seeing anything, like at night” or “evil, like a dark place”.

(See also: corrupt, dominion, kingdom, light, redeem, righteous)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0652, H0653, H2816, H2821, H2822, H2825, H3990, H3991, H4285, H5890, H6205, G2217, G4652, G4653, G4655, G4656

day

Other :: day

Definition:

The term “day” generally refers to the time it takes for the alternating periods of light and darkness in the sky to complete one cycle (that is, 24 hours). However, in the Bible the same term is often used to refer to a shorter period of time (such as the time between sunrise and sunset) or a longer period of time that is often not specified.

“Day” is sometimes used in contrast to “night.” In these cases, the term refers to the period of time when the sky is light.
The term may also refer to a specific point in time, such as “today.”
Sometimes the term “day” is used figuratively to refer to a longer period of time, such as the “day of Yahweh” or “last days.” Some languages will use a different expression to translate these figurative uses or will translate “day” non-figuratively.

Translation Suggestions:

It is best to translate this term literally as “day” or “daytime” using the word in your language that refers to the part of the day when there is light.
Other translations of “day” could include “daytime,” “time,” “season,” “occasion” or “event,” depending on the context.

(See also: time, judgment day, last day)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3117, H3118, H6242, G2250

deceive, lie, deception, illusions

Other :: deceive, lie, deception, illusions

Definition:

The term “deceive” means to cause someone to believe something that is not true, often by telling a “lie.” The act of deceiving someone is called “lying,” “deceit,” or “deception.”

Someone who causes others to believe something false is a “deceiver.” For example, Satan is called a “deceiver.” The evil spirits that he controls are also deceivers.
To “lie” is to say something that is not true.
A person, action, or message that is not truthful can be described as “deceptive.”
The terms “deceit” and “deception” have the same meaning, but there are some small differences in how they are used.
The descriptive terms “deceitful” and “deceptive” have the same meaning and are used in the same contexts.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate “deceive” could include “lie to” or “cause to have a false belief” or “cause someone to think something that is not true.”
The term “deceived” could also be translated as “caused to think something false” or “lied to” or “tricked” or “fooled” or “misled.”
“Deceiver” could be translated as “liar” or “one who misleads” or “someone who deceives.”
Depending on the context, the terms “deception” or “deceit” could be translated with a word or phrase that means “falsehood” or “lying” or “trickery” or “dishonesty.”
The terms “deceptive” or “deceitful” could be translated as “untruthful” or “misleading” or “lying” to describe a person who speaks or acts in a way that causes other people to believe things that are not true.

(See also: true)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H898, H2048, H3577, H3584, H3868, H4123, H4820, H4860, H5230, H5377, H5558, H6121, H6231, H6601, H7411, H7423, H7683, H7686, H7952, H8267, H8496, H8582, H8591, H8649, G538, G539, G1386, G1387, G1388, G1818, G3884, G4105, G4106, G4108, G5422, G5423

declare, proclaim, announce

Other :: declare, proclaim, announce

Definition:

The terms “declare” and “declaration” refer to making a formal or public statement, often to emphasize something. Other terms with similar meaning include “proclaim,” “proclamation,” “announce,” and “announcement.”

A “declaration” not only emphasizes the importance of what is being proclaimed, but it also calls attention to the one making the declaration.
For example, in the Old Testament, a message from God is often preceded by “the declaration of Yahweh” or “this is what Yahweh declares.” This expression emphasizes that it is Yahweh himself who is saying this. The fact that the message comes from Yahweh shows how important that message is.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, “declare” could also be translated as “proclaim” or “publicly state” or “strongly say” or “emphatically state.”
The term “declaration” could also be translated as “statement” or “proclamation.”
The phrase “this is Yahweh’s declaration” could be translated as “this is what Yahweh declares” or “this is what Yahweh says.”

(See also: preach, decree)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H262, H559, H816, H874, H1696, H3045, H4853, H5002, H5042, H5046, H5608, H6567, H7121, H7561, H7878, H8085, G312, G518, G669, G1229, G1344, G1555, G1718, G1834, G2097, G2511, G2605, G2607, G3140, G3670, G3724, G3822, G3870, G3955, G4296

decree, decreed

Other :: decree, decreed

Definition:

The term “decree” means to give an order that must be obeyed. The order itself can also be called a “decree.”

A “decree” is similar to a “law,” but is generally used more often to refer to something spoken rather than written.
The term “decree” could be translated as to “order” or to “command” or to “formally require” or to “publicly make a law.”
God’s laws are also called decrees, statutes, or commandments.
An example of a decree by a human ruler was the proclamation by Caesar Augustus that everyone living in the Roman Empire must go back to their hometown in order to be counted in a census.

(See also: command, declare, law)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H559, H633, H1697, H5715, H1504, H1510, H1881, H1882, H1696, H2706, H2708, H2710, H2711, H2782, H2852, H2940, H2941, H2942, H3791, H3982, H4055, H4406, H4687, H4941, H5407, H5713, H6599, H6680, H7010, H8421, G1378

dedicate, dedication, established, devoted

Other :: dedicate, dedication, established, devoted

Definition:

To dedicate is to set apart or commit something for a special purpose or function.

David dedicated his gold and silver to the Lord.
Often the word “dedication” refers to a formal event or ceremony to set apart something for a special purpose.
The dedication of the altar included offering a sacrifice to God.
Nehemiah led the Israelites in a dedication of Jerusalem’s repaired walls with a renewed promise to serve only Yahweh and to take care of his city. This event included giving thanks to God with musical instruments and singing.
The term “dedicate” could also be translated as “specially assign a special purpose” or “commit something to be used for a specific use” or “commit someone to do a special task.”

(See also: commit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2596, H2597, H2598, H2764, H4394, H6942, H6944, G1456, G1457

deer, doe, fawns, roebuck

Other :: deer, doe, fawns, roebuck

Definition:

A deer is a large, graceful, four-legged animal that lives in forests or on mountains. The male animal has large horns or antlers on its head.

The term “doe” refers to a female deer and a “fawn” is the name of a baby deer.
The term “buck” refers to a male deer.
A “roebuck” is the male of the specific variety called “roedeer.”
Deer have strong, thin legs that help them jump high and run fast.
Their feet have split hooves which help them walk or climb easily on most any terrain.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H354, H355, H365, H3180, H3280, H6643, H6646

defile, defiled, desecrate

Other :: defile, defiled, desecrate

Definition:

The terms “defile” and “be defiled” refer to becoming polluted or dirty. Something can be defiled in a physical, moral, or ritual sense.

God warned the Israelites to not defile themselves by eating or touching things that he had declared as “unclean” and “unholy.”
Certain things such as dead bodies and contagious diseases were declared by God to be unclean and would defile a person if they touched them.
God commanded the Israelites to avoid sexual sins. These would defile them and make them unacceptable to God.
There were also certain kinds of bodily processes that defiled a person temporarily until he could become ritually pure again.
In the New Testament, Jesus taught that sinful thoughts and actions are what truly defile a person.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “defile” can also be translated as “cause to be unclean” or “cause to be unrighteous” or “cause to be ritually unacceptable.”
To “be defiled” could be translated as “become unclean” or “be caused to be morally unacceptable (to God)” or “become ritually unacceptable.”

(See also: clean, clean)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1351, H1352, H1602, H2490, H2491, H2610, H2930, H2931, G2839, G2840, G3392, G3435

delight

Other :: delight

Definition:

The term “delight” means great pleasure or great joy.

To “delight in” something means to “to take pleasure in” or “take joy in” or “be happy about” it. If a person “delights in” something, it means that he enjoys it very much.
When something is very agreeable or pleasing it is called “delightful.”
The expression “my delight is in the law of Yahweh” could be translated as “the law of Yahweh gives me great joy” or “I love to obey the laws of Yahweh” or “I am happy when I obey Yahweh’s commands.”
The phrases “take no delight in” and “have no delight in” could be translated as “not at all pleased by” or “not happy about.”
The phrase “delight himself in” means “he enjoys doing” something or “he is very happy about” something or someone.
The term “delights” refers to things that a person enjoys. This could be translated as “pleasures” or “things that give joy.”
An expression such as “I delight to do your will” could also be translated as “I enjoy doing your will” or “I am very happy when I obey you.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1523, H2530, H2531, H2532, H2654, H2655, H2656, H2836, H4574, H5276, H5727, H5730, H6026, H6027, H7306, H7381, H7521, H7522, H8057, H8173, H8191, H8588, H8597

desecrate, desecrated

Other :: desecrate, desecrated

Definition:

The term “desecrate” means to damage or contaminate a sacred place or object in such a way that it is unacceptable for use in worship.

Often desecrating something involves showing great disrespect for it.
For example, pagan kings desecrated special dishes from God’s temple by using them for parties at their palace.
Bones from dead people were used by enemies to desecrate the altar in God’s temple.
This term could be translated as “cause to be unholy” or “dishonor by making impure” or “disrespectfully profane” or “cause to be impure.”

(See also: altar, defile, dishonor, profane, pure, temple, holy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2490, H2610, H2930, G953

desert, wilderness

Other :: desert, wilderness

Definition:

A desert, or wilderness, is a dry, barren place where very few plants and trees can grow.

A desert is a land area with a dry climate and few plants or animals.
Because of the harsh conditions, very few people can live in the desert, so it is also referred to as “wilderness.”
“Wilderness” conveys the meaning of being remote, desolate and isolated from people.
This word can also be translated as “deserted place” or “remote place” or “uninhabited place.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0776, H2723, H3293, H3452, H4057, H6160, H6723, H6728, H6921, H8047, H8414, G2047, G2048

desolate, desolation, alone, deserted

Other :: desolate, desolation, alone, deserted

Definition:

The terms “desolate” and “desolation” refer to destroying an inhabited region so that it becomes uninhabited.

When referring to a person, the term “desolate” describes a condition of ruin, loneliness, and grief.
The term “desolation” is the state or condition of being desolated.
If a field where crops are growing is made desolate, it means that something has destroyed the crops, such as insects or an invading army.
A “desolate region” refers to an area of land where few people live because few crops or other vegetation grow there.
A “desolate land” or “wilderness” was often where outcasts (such as lepers) and dangerous animals lived.
If a city is “made desolate” it means that its buildings and goods have been destroyed or stolen, and its people have been killed or captured. The city becomes “empty” and “ruined.” This is similar to the meaning of “devastate” or “devastated,” but with more emphasis on the emptiness.
Depending on the context, this term could be translated as “ruined” or “destroyed” or “laid waste” or “lonely and outcast” or “deserted.”

(See also: desert, devastate, ruin, waste)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H490, H816, H910, H1565, H2717, H2720, H2721, H2723, H3173, H3341, H3456, H3582, H4875, H4923, H5352, H5800, H7582, H7701, H7722, H8047, H8074, H8076, H8077, G2048, G2049, G2050, G3443

destroy, destruction, annihilate

Other :: destroy, destruction, annihilate

Definition:

The term “destroy” means to completely make an end to something, so that it no longer exists.

The term “destroyer” means “a person who destroys.”
This term is often used in the Old Testament as a general reference to anyone who destroys other people, such as an invading army.
When God sent the angel to kill all the firstborn males in Egypt, that angel was referred to as “the destroyer of the firstborn.” This could be translated as “the one (or angel) who killed the firstborn males.”
In the book of Revelation about the end times, Satan or some other evil spirit is called “the Destroyer.” He is the “one who destroys” because his purpose is to destroy and ruin everything God created.

(See also: angel, Egypt, firstborn, Passover)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6, H7, H622, H398, H1104, H1197, H1820, H1826, H1942, H2000, H2015, H2026, H2040, H2254, H2255, H2717, H2718, H2763, H2764, H3238, H3341, H3381, H3423, H3582, H3615, H3617, H3772, H3807, H4191, H4229, H4591, H4658, H4889, H5218, H5221, H5307, H5362, H5420, H5422, H5428, H5595, H5642, H6365, H6789, H6979, H7665, H7667, H7703, H7722, H7760, H7843, H7921, H8045, H8074, H8077, H8316, H8552, G355, G396, G622, G853, G1311, G1842, G2049, G2506, G2507, G2647, G2673, G2704, G3089, G3645, G4199, G5351, G5356

detest, detested, detestable

Other :: detest, detested, detestable

Facts:

The term “detestable” describes something that should be disliked and rejected. To “detest” something means to strongly dislike it.

Often the Bible talks about detesting evil. This means to hate evil and reject it.
God used the word “detestable” to describe the evil practices of those who worshiped false gods.
The Israelites were commanded to “detest” the sinful, immoral acts that some of the neighboring people groups practiced.
God called all wrong sexual acts “detestable.”
Divination, sorcery, and child sacrifice were all “detestable” to God.
The term “detest” could be translated as “strongly reject” or “hate” or “regard as very evil.”
The term “detestable” could also be translated as “horribly evil” or “disgusting” or “deserving rejection.”
When applied to the righteous being “detestable to” the wicked, this could be translated as “considered very undesirable to” or “distasteful to” or “rejected by.”
God told the Israelites to “detest” certain kinds of animals that God had declared to be “unclean” and not suitable for food. This could also be translated as “strongly dislike” or “reject” or “regard as unacceptable.”

(See also: divination, clean)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1602, H6973, H8130, H8251, H8262, H8263, H8441, H8581, G946, G947, G948, G4767, G3404

devastate, devastation

Other :: devastate, devastation

Definition:

The term “devastated” or “devastation” refers to having one’s property or land ruined or destroyed. It also often includes destroying or capturing the people living on that land.

This refers to a very severe and complete destruction.
For example, the city of Sodom was devastated by God as punishment for the sins of the people living there.
The term “devastation” can also include causing great emotional grief resulting from the punishment or destruction.

Translation Suggestions

The term “devastate” could be translated as “completely destroy” or “completely ruin.”
Depending on the context, “devastation” could be translated as “complete destruction” or “total ruin” or “overwhelming grief” or “disaster.”

(See also: ruin)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1110, H1238, H2721, H1826, H3615, H3772, H4875, H7701, H7703, H7722, H7843, H8074, H8077

devour

Other :: devour

Definition:

The term “devour” means to eat or consume in an aggressive manner.

Using this word in a figurative sense, Paul warned believers to not devour one another, meaning to not attack or destroy each other with words or actions (Galatians 5:15).
Also in a figurative sense, the term “devour” is often used with a meaning of “completely destroy” as when talking about nations devouring each other or a fire devouring buildings and people.
This term could also be translated as “completely consume” or “totally destroy.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0398, H0399, H0400, H0402, H1104, H1105, H3216, H3615, H3857, H3898, H7462, H7602, G2068, G2666, G2719, G5315

discern, discernment, distinguish

Other :: discern, discernment, distinguish

Definition:

The term “discern” means to be able to understand something, especially being able to know whether something is right or wrong.

The term “discernment” refers to understanding and deciding wisely about a certain matter.
It means to have wisdom and good judgment.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, “discern” could also be translated as “understand” or “know the difference between” or “distinguish good and evil” or “judge rightly about” or “perceive right from wrong.”
“Discernment” could be translated as “understanding” or “ability to distinguish good and evil.”

(See also: judge, wise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0995, H2940, H4209, H5234, H8085, G0350, G1252, G1253, G2924

dishonor, dishonorable

Other :: dishonor, dishonorable

Definition:

The term “dishonor” means to do something that is disrespectful to someone. This can also cause that person shame or disgrace.

The term “dishonorable” describes an action that is shameful or that causes someone to be dishonored.
Sometimes “dishonorable” is used to refer to objects that are not useful for anything important.
Children are commanded to honor and obey their parents. When children disobey, they dishonor their parents. They are treating their parents in a way that does not honor them.
The Israelites dishonored Yahweh when they worshiped false gods and practiced immoral behavior.
The Jews dishonored Jesus by saying that he was possessed by a demon.
This could be translated as to “not honor” or to “treat with no respect.”
The noun “dishonor” could be translated as “disrespect” or “loss of honor.”
Depending on the context, “dishonorable” could also be translated as “not honorable” or “shameful” or “not worthwhile” or “not valuable.”

(See also: honor)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1540, H2490, H2781, H3637, H3639, H5006, H5034, H6172, H6173, H7034, H7043, G818, G819, G820, G2617

disperse, dispersion, scatter, distributed

Other :: disperse, dispersion, scatter, distributed

Definition:

The terms “disperse” and “dispersion” refer to the scattering of people or things into many different directions.

In the Old Testament, God talks about “dispersing” people, causing them to have to separate and live in different places apart from each other. He did this to punish them for their sin. Perhaps being dispersed would help them repent and start worshiping God again.
The term “dispersion” is used in the New Testament to refer to Christians who had to leave their homes and move to many different locations to escape persecution.
The phrase “the dispersion” could be translated as “believers in many different places” or “the people who moved away to live in different nations.”
The term “disperse” could be translated as “send away into many different places” or “scatter abroad” or “cause to move away to live in different countries.”

(See also: believe, persecute, captive, exile)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2219, H5310, H6327, H6340, H6504, H8600, G1287, G1290, G4650

divination, diviner, soothsaying, soothsayer

Other :: divination, diviner, soothsaying, soothsayer

Definition:

The terms “divination” and “soothsaying” refer to the practice of trying to get information from spirits in the supernatural world. A person who does this is sometimes called a “diviner” or “soothsayer.”

In Old Testament times, God commanded the Israelites to not practice divination or soothsaying.
God did permit his people to seek information from him using the Urim and Thummim, which were stones that he had designated to be used by the high priest for that purpose. But he did not allow his people to seek information through the help of evil spirits.
Pagan diviners used different methods of trying to find out information from the spirit world. Sometimes they would examine the inside parts of a dead animal or throw animal bones on the ground, looking for patterns that they would interpret as messages from their false gods.
In the New Testament, Jesus and the apostles also rejected divination, sorcery, witchcraft, and magic. All these practices involve using the power of evil spirits and are condemned by God.

(See also: apostle, false god, magic, sorcery)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1870, H4738, H5172, H6049, H7080, H7081, G4436

divorce

Other :: divorce

Definition:

A divorce is the legal act of ending a marriage. The term to “divorce” means to formally and legally separate from one’s spouse in order to end the marriage.

The literal meaning of the term to “divorce” is to “send away” or to “formally separate from.” Other languages may have similar expressions to refer to divorce.
A “certificate of divorce” could be translated as a “paper stating that the marriage has ended.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1644, H3748, H5493, H7971, G630, G647, G863

doctrine, teaching, beliefs, instructions, knowledge

Other :: doctrine, teaching, beliefs, instructions, knowledge

Definition:

The word “doctrine” literally means “teaching.” It usually refers to religious teaching.

In the context of Christian teachings, “doctrine” refers to all teachings about God – Father, Son and Holy Spirit – including all his character qualities and everything he has done.
It also refers to everything God teaches Christians about how to live holy lives that bring glory to him.
The word “doctrine” is sometimes also used to refer to false or worldly religious teachings that come from human beings. The context makes the meaning clear.
This term could also be translated as “teaching.”

(See also: teach)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3948, G1319, G1322, G2085

donkey, mule

Other :: donkey, mule

Definition:

A donkey is a four-legged work animal, similar to a horse, but smaller and with longer ears.

A mule is the sterile offspring of a male donkey and a female horse.
Mules are very strong animals and so they are valuable work animals.
Both donkeys and mules are used for carrying burdens and people when traveling.
In Bible times, kings would ride a donkey in times of peace, rather than a horse, which was used for times of war.
Jesus rode into Jerusalem on a young donkey a week before he was crucified there.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0860, H2543, H3222, H5895, H6167, H6501, H6505, H6506, G3678, G3688, G5268

doom

Other :: doom

Definition:

The term “doom” refers to a judgment of condemnation with no possibility of appeal or escape.

As the nation of Israel was being taken captive into Babylon, the prophet Ezekiel said, “doom has come upon them.”
Depending on the context, this term could be translated as “disaster” or “punishment” or “hopeless ruin.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1820, H3117, H6256, H6843, H8045

doorpost

Other :: doorpost

Definition:

The “doorpost” is a vertical beam on either side of a door, which supports the top of the door frame.

Just before God helped the Israelites escape from Egypt, he instructed them to kill a lamb and put its blood on their doorposts.
In the Old Testament, a slave who desired to serve his master the rest of his life would place his ear on the doorpost of his master’s house to have a nail hammered through his ear into the doorpost.
This could also be translated as “wooden post on either side of a door” or “sides of a wooden doorframe” or “wood beams on the sides of a doorway.”

(See also: Egypt, Passover)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H352, H4201

dove, pigeon

Other :: dove, pigeon

Definition:

Doves and pigeons are two kinds of small, gray-brown birds that look similar. A dove is often thought of as being lighter in color, almost white.

Some languages have two different names for them, while others use the same name for both.
Doves and pigeons were used in sacrifices to God, especially for people who could not afford to buy a larger animal.
A dove brought the leaf of an olive tree to Noah when the flood waters were going down.
Doves sometimes symbolize purity, innocence, or peace.
If doves or pigeons are not known in the language area where the translation is being done, this term could be translated as “a small grayish brown bird called a dove” or “a small gray or brown bird, similar to a (name of local bird)”.
If both a dove and a pigeon are referred to in the same verse, it is best to use two different words for these birds, if possible.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: olive, innocent, pure)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1469, H1686, H3123, H8449, G4058

drink offering

Other :: drink offering

Definition:

A drink offering was a sacrifice to God that involved pouring wine on an altar. It was often offered together with a burnt offering and a grain offering.

Paul refers to his life as being poured out like a drink offering. This means that he was totally dedicated to serving God and telling people about Jesus, even though he knew he would suffer and probably be killed because of that.
Jesus’ death on the cross was the ultimate drink offering, as his blood was poured out on the cross for our sins.

Translation Suggestions:

Another way to translate this term could be “offering of grape wine.”
When Paul says he is being “poured out like an offering” this could also be translated as “I am completely committed to teaching God’s message to people, just like an offering of wine is poured out completely on the altar.”

(See also: burnt offering, grain offering)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5257, H5261, H5262

drunk, drunkard

Other :: drunk, drunkard

Facts:

The term “drunk” means to be intoxicated from drinking too much of an alcoholic beverage.

A “drunkard” is a person who is often drunk. This kind of person could also be referred to as an “alcoholic.”
The Bible tells believers not to be drunk with alcoholic drinks, but to be controlled by God’s Holy Spirit.
The Bible teaches that drunkenness is unwise and influences a person to sin in other ways.
Other ways to translate “drunk” could include “inebriated” or “intoxicated” or “having too much alcohol” or “filled with fermented drink.”

(See also: wine)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5433, H7301, H7910, H7937, H7941, H7943, H8354, H8358, G3178, G3182, G3183, G3184, G3630, G3632

dung, manure

Other :: dung, manure

Definition:

The term “dung” refers to human or animal solid waste, and is also called feces or excrement. When used as fertilizer for enriching the soil, it is called “manure.”

These terms can also be used figuratively to refer to something that is worthless or not important.
Dried animal dung is often used for fuel.
The expression “like dung on the ground” could be translated as “be scattered like worthless dung over the land.”
The “Dung Gate” in the South Wall of Jerusalem was probably the gate where garbage and trash were taken out of the city.

(See also: gate)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H830, H1119, H1557, H1561, H1686, H1828, H6569, H6675, G2874

eagle

Other :: eagle

Definition:

An eagle is a very large, powerful bird of prey that eats small animals such as fish, mice, snakes, and chickens.

The Bible compares the speed and strength of an army to how fast and suddenly an eagle swoops down to catch its prey.
Isaiah states that those who trust in the Lord will soar as an eagle does. This is figurative language used to describe the freedom and strength that comes from trusting and obeying God.
In the book of Daniel, King Nebuchadnezzar’s hair length was compared to the length of an eagle’s feathers, which can be more than 50 centimeters long.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: Daniel, free, Nebuchadnezzar, power)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5403, H5404, G105

earth, land

Other :: earth, land

Definition:

The term “earth” refers to the world on which human beings and other living things live. In the Bible, this term is sometimes translated as “land” when used in a general way to refer to the ground or the soil, or when used in a specific way to refer to a particular geographical area, usually a country or nation.

In the Bible, the term “earth” is often paired with the term “heaven” as a way of indicating the abode of humankind on the earth in contrast with the abode of God in heaven.
This term is usually translated “land” when paired with the name of people group to denote the territory belonging to those people, such as “the land of Canaan.”
The term “earthly” is sometimes used to refer to things that are physical and/or visible in contrast to things that are non-physical and/or invisible.
This term can be used figuratively to refer to the people who live on the earth or what the earth contains, such as in “let the earth be glad” and “he will judge the earth.”

Translation Suggestions:

This term can be translated by the word or phrase that the local language or nearby national languages use to refer to the planet earth on which we live.
Depending on the context, “earth” could also be translated as “world” or “land” or “dirt” or “soil.”
When used figuratively, “earth” could be translated as “people on the earth” or “people living on earth” or “everything on earth.”
Ways to translate “earthly” could include “physical” or “things of this earth” or “visible.”

(See also: world, heaven)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0127, H0772, H0776, H0778, H2789, H3007, H3335, H6083, H7494, G1093, G1919, G2709, G2886, G3625, G4578, G5517

elder, older, old

Other :: elder, older, old

Definition:

The term “elder” or “older” refers to people (in the Bible, usually men) who have grown old enough to become mature adults and leaders within a community. For example, elders might have gray hair, have adult children, or perhaps even have grandchildren or great-grandchildren.

The term “elder” came from the fact that elders were originally older men who, because of their age and experience, had greater wisdom.
In the Old Testament, the elders helped lead the Israelites in matters of justice and the Law of Moses.
In the New Testament, Jewish “elders” continued to be leaders in their communities and also were judges for the people.
In the early Christian churches, Christian “elders” gave spiritual leadership to the local assemblies of believers. Elders in these churches sometimes included young men who were spiritually mature.
This term could be translated as “older men” or “spiritually mature men leading the church.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1419, H2205, H7868, G1087, G3187, G4244, G4245, G4850

endure, endurance

Other :: endure, endurance

Definition:

The term “endure” means to last a long time or to bear something difficult with patience.

It also means to stand firm when times of testing come, without giving up.
The term “endurance” can mean “patience” or “bearing up under a trial” or “persevering when being persecuted.”
The encouragement to Christians to “endure to the end” is telling them to obey Jesus, even if this causes them to suffer.
To “endure suffering” can also mean to “experience suffering.”

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate the term “endure” could include “persevere” or “keep believing” or “continue to do what God wants you to do” or “stand firm.”
In some contexts, to “endure” could be translated as to “experience” or to “go through.”
With the meaning of lasting for a long time, the term “endure” could also be tranlsated as “last” or “continue.” The phrase “will not endure” could be translated as “will not last” or “will not continue to survive.”
Ways to translate “endurance” could include “perseverance” or “continuing to believe” or “remaining faithful.”

(See also: persevere)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H386, H3201, H3557, H5331, H5375, H5975, G430, G907, G1526, G2005, G2076, G2594, G3306, G4722, G5278, G5281, G5297, G5342

enslave, slave, bondservant, bound

Other :: enslave, slave, bondservant, bound

Definition:

To “enslave” someone means to force that person to serve a master or a ruling country. To be “enslaved” or “in bondage” means to be under the control of something or someone.

A person who is enslaved or in bondage must serve others without payment; he is not free to do what he wants. Another word for “bondage” is “slavery.”
The New Testament speaks of human beings as “enslaved” to sin until Jesus frees them from its control and power. When a person receives new life in Christ, he stops being a slave to sin and becomes a slave to righteousness.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “enslave” could be translated as “cause to not be free” or “force to serve others” or “put under the control of others.”
The phrase “enslaved to” or “in bondage to” could be translated as “forced to be a slave of” or “forced to serve” or “under the control of.”

(See also: free, righteous, servant)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3533, H5647, G1398, G1402, G2615

envy, covet

Other :: envy, covet

Definition:

The term “envy” refers to being jealous of someone because of what that person possesses or because of that person’s admirable qualities. The term “covet” means to strongly desire to have something.

Envy is normally a negative feeling of resentment because of another person’s success, good fortune, or possessions.
Coveting is a strong desire to have someone else’s property, or even someone else’s spouse.

(See also: jealous)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H183, H1214, H1215, H2530, H3415, H5869, H7065, H7068, G866, G1937, G2205, G2206, G3713, G3788, G4123, G4124, G4190, G5354, G5355, G5366

epistle, letter

Other :: epistle, letter

Definition:

A letter is a written message sent to a person or group of persons who are usually a distance away from the writer. An epistle is a special type of letter, often written in a more formal style, for a special purpose, such as teaching.

In New Testament times, epistles and other types of letters were written on parchment made from animal skins or on papyrus made from plant fibers.
The New Testament epistles from Paul, John, James, Jude, and Peter were letters of instruction that they wrote to encourage, exhort, and teach the early Christians in various cities throughout the Roman Empire.
Ways to translate this term could include “written message” or “written down words” or “writing.”

(See also: encourage, exhort, teach)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H104, H107, H3791, H4385, H5406, H5407, H5612, G1121, G1992

evildoer, evildoing

Other :: evildoer, evildoing

Definition:

The term “evildoer” is a general reference to people who do sinful and wicked things.

It can also be a general word for people who do not obey God.
This term could be translated using the word for “evil” or “wicked,” with the word for “doing” or “making” or “causing” something.

(See also: evil)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H205, H6213, H6466, H7451, H7489, G93, G458, G2038, G2040, G2555

exile, exiled

Other :: exile, exiled

Definition:

The term “exile” refers to people being forced to live somewhere away from their home country.

People are usually sent into exile for punishment or for political reasons.
A conquered people may be taken into exile to the country of the conquering army, in order to work for them.
The “Babylonian exile” (or “the exile”) is a period in Bible history when many Jewish citizens of the region of Judah were taken from their homes and forced to live in Babylon. It lasted 70 years.
The phrase “the exiles” refers to people who are living in exile, away from their home country.

Translation Suggestions:

The term to “exile” could also be translated as to “send away” or to “force out” or to “banish.”
The term “the exile” could be translated with a word or phrase that means “the sent away time” or “the time of banishment” or “the time of forced absence” or “banishment.”
Ways to translate “the exiles” could include “the exiled people” or “the people who were banished” or “the people exiled to Babylon.”

(See also: Babylon, Judah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1123, H1473, H1540, H1541, H1546, H1547, H3212, H3318, H5080, H6808, H7617, H7622, H8689, G3927

exult, exultant

Other :: exult, exultant

Definition:

The terms “exult” and “exultant” refer to being very happy because of a success or special blessing.

To “exult” includes a feeling of celebrating something wonderful.
A person can exult in God’s goodness.
The term “exultant” can also include being arrogant in one’s feeling of gladness about success or prosperity.
The term “exult” could also be translated as “celebrate joyfully” or “praise with great joy.”
Depending on the context, the term “exultant” could be translated as “praising triumphantly” or “celebrating with self praise” or “arrogant.”

(See also: arrogant, joy, praise, rejoice)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5539, H5947, H5970

face, facial

Other :: face, facial

Definition:

The word “face” literally refers to the front part of a person’s head. This term also has several figurative meanings in the Bible.

In the Bible, the term “face” is often used figuratively to mean a person’s presence, the front of an object, or the surface of something.
When referring to a person, the term “face” is often used figuratively to mean the action of seeing, which can represent that person’s knowledge, perception, notice, attention, or judgment.
In a physical sense, to “face” someone or something means to look in the direction of that person or thing.
To “face each other” means to “look directly at each other.”
Being “face to face” means that two people are seeing each other in person, at a close distance.
When Jesus “steadfastly set his face to go to Jerusalem,” it means that he very firmly decided to go.
To “set one’s face against” people or a city means to firmly decide to no longer support, or to reject that city or person.
The expression “face of the land” refers to the surface of the earth and often is a general reference to the whole earth. For example, a “famine covering the face of the earth” refers to a widespread famine affecting many people living on earth.
The figurative expression “do not hide your face from your people” means “do not reject your people” or “do not desert your people” or “do not stop taking care of your people.”

Translation Suggestions:

If possible, it is best to keep the expression or use an expression in the project language that has a similar meaning.
The term to “face” could be translated as to “turn toward” or to “look at directly” or to “look at the face of.”
The expression “face to face” could be translated as “up close” or “right in front of” or “in the presence of.”
Depending on the context, the expression “before his face” could be translated as “ahead of him” or “in front of him” or “before him” or “in his presence.”
The expression “set his face toward” could be translated as “began traveling toward” or “firmly made up his mind to go to.”
The expression “hide his face from” could be translated as “turn away from” or “stop helping or protecting” or “reject.”
To “set his face against” a city or people could be translated as “look at with anger and condemn” or “refuse to accept” or “decide to reject” or “condemn and reject” or “pass judgment on.”
The expression “say it to their face” could be translated as “say it to them directly” or “say it to them in their presence” or “say it to them in person.”
The expression “on the face of the land” could also be translated as “throughout the land” or “over the whole land” or “living throughout the land.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H600, H639, H5869, H6440, H8389, G3799, G4383, G4750

false prophet

Other :: false prophet

Definition:

A false prophet is a person who wrongly claims that his message comes from God.

The prophecies of false prophets are not usually fulfilled. That is, they do not come true.
False prophets teach messages that partially or totally contradict what the Bible says.
This term could also be translated as “person who falsely claims to be God’s spokesman” or “someone who falsely claims to speak God’s words.”
The New Testament teaches that in the end times there will be many false prophets who will try to deceive people into thinking that they come from God.

(See also: fulfill, prophet, true)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5578

family, household

Other :: family, household

Definition:

The term “family” refers to a group of people who are related by blood and usually includes a father, mother, and their children. In the Bible, this term sometimes includes other close relatives such as grandparents, grandchildren, uncles and aunts.

In biblical times, usually the oldest man was the major authority of a family.
Family could also include servants, concubines, and even foreigners.
Some languages may have a broader word such as “clan” or “household” that would fit better in contexts where more than just parents and children are being referred to.
The New Testament often uses terms related to the concept of “family” to refer to the Church, meaning people who believe in Jesus.

(See also: clan, ancestor, house)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1, H251, H272, H504, H1004, H1121, H2233, H2859, H2945, H3187, H4138, H4940, H5387, H5712, G1085, G3614, G3624, G3965

famine

Other :: famine

Definition:

The term “famine” refers to an extreme lack of food throughout a country or region, usually due to not enough rain.

Food crops can fail from natural causes such as lack of rain, crop disease, or insects.
Food shortages can also be caused by people, such as enemies who detroy crops.
In the Bible, God sometimes caused famine as a way to punish nations when they sinned against him.
In Amos 8:11 the term “famine” is used figuratively to refer to a time when God punished his people by not speaking to them. This could be translated with the word for “famine” in your language, or with a phrase such as “extreme lack” or “severe deprivation.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3720, H7458, H7459, G3042

feast, feasting

Other :: feast, feasting

Definition:

The term “feast” is a very general term that refers to an event where people gather to celebrate something by eating a large meal together. In biblical times, a feast sometimes lasted for several days or more.

Often there are special kinds of food that are eaten at a certain feast.
The religious festivals that God commanded the Jews to celebrate usually included having a feast together. For this reason the festivals are often called “feasts.”
In biblical times, kings and other rich and powerful people often gave feasts to entertain their family or friends.
In the story about the lost son, the father had a special feast prepared to celebrate the return of his son.
The term to “feast” could also be translated as to “eat lavishly” or to “celebrate by eating lots of food” or to “eat a special, large meal.”
Depending on the context, “feast” could be translated as “celebrating together with a large meal” or “a meal with a lot of food” or “a celebration meal.”

(See also: festival, banquet)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H398, H2077, H2282, H3899, H3900, H4150, H4797, H4960, H7646, H8057, H8354, G26, G1062, G1173, G1859, G2165, G4910

fellowship offering

Other :: fellowship offering

Facts:

In the Old Testament, the “fellowship offering” was a kind of sacrifice that was offered for different reasons, such as to give thanks to God or to fulfill a vow.

This offering required the sacrifice of an animal that could be male or female. This was different from the burnt offering, which required a male animal.
After giving a portion of the sacrifice to God, the person who brought the fellowship offering shared the meat with the priests and other Israelites.
There was a meal associated with this offering which included unleavened bread.
This is sometimes called the “peace offering.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8002

festival

Other :: festival

Definition:

In general, a festival is a celebration held by a community of people.

The word for “festival” in the Old Testament literally means “appointed time.”
The festivals celebrated by the Israelites were specially appointed times or seasons that God had commanded them to observe.
In some English translations, the word “feast” is used instead of festival because the celebrations included having a large meal together.
There were several main festivals that the Israelites celebrated every year:
- Passover
- Festival of Unleavened Bread
- Firstfruits
- Festival of Weeks (Pentecost)
- Festival of Trumpets
- Day of Atonement
- Festival of Shelters
The purpose of these festivals was to thank God and to remember the amazing things he had done to rescue, protect, and provide for his people.

(See also: feast)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1974, H2166, H2282, H2287, H6213, H4150, G1456, G1858, G1859

fig

Other :: fig

Definition:

A fig is a small, soft, sweet fruit that grows on trees. When ripe, this fruit can be a variety of colors, including brown, yellow, or purple.

Fig trees can grow 6 meters in height and their large leaves provide pleasant shade. The fruit is about 3-5 centimeters long.
Adam and Eve used the leaves from fig trees to make clothing for themselves after they had sinned.
Figs can be eaten raw, cooked, or dried. People also chop them into small pieces and press them into cakes to eat later.
In Bible times, figs were important as a source of food and income.
The presence of fruitful fig trees is frequently mentioned in the Bible as a sign of prosperity.
Several times Jesus used fig trees as an illustration to teach his disciples spiritual truths.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1061, H1690, H6291, H8384, G3653, G4808, G4810

fir, firs

Other :: fir, firs

Definition:

A fir tree is a kind of tree that stays green all year and has cones that contain seeds.

Fir trees are also referred to as “evergreen” trees.
In ancient times, the wood of fir trees was used for making musical instruments and for building structures such as boats, houses, and the temple.
Some examples of fir trees mentioned in the Bible are pine, cedar, cypress, and juniper.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: cedar, cypress)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H766, H1265, H1266

fire, firebrands, firepans, fireplace, firepot

Other :: fire, firebrands, firepans, fireplace, firepot

Definition:

Fire is the heat, light, and flames that are produced when something is burned.

Burning wood by fire turns the wood into ashes.
Fire could also refer to lightning in the context of a storm or it being from heaven.
The term “fire” is also used figuratively, usually referring to judgment or purification.
The final judgment of unbelievers is in the fire of hell.
Fire is used to refine gold and other metals. In the Bible, this process is used to explain how God refines people through difficult things that happen in their lives.
The phrase “baptize with fire” could also be translated as “cause to experience suffering in order to be purified.”

(See also: pure)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0215, H0217, H0398, H0784, H0800, H0801, H1197, H1200, H1513, H2734, H3341, H3857, H4071, H4168, H5135, H6315, H8316, G439, G440, G1067, G2741, G4442, G4443, G4447, G4448, G4451, G5394, G5457

firstborn

Other :: firstborn

Definition:

The term “firstborn” refers to an offspring of people or animals that is born first, before the other offspring are born.

In the Bible, “firstborn” usually refers to the first male offspring that is born.
In Bible times, the firstborn son was given a place of prominence and twice as much of his family inheritance as the other sons.
Often it was the firstborn male of an animal that was sacrificed to God.
This concept can also be used figuratively. For example, the nation of Israel is called God’s firstborn son because God gave it special privileges over other nations.
Jesus, the Son of God is called God’s firstborn because of his importance and authority over everyone else.

Translation Suggestions:

When “first-born” occurs in the text alone, it could also be translated as “firstborn male” or “firstborn son,” since that is what is implied. (See: Assumed Knowledge and Implicit Information
Other ways to translate this term could include “the son who was born first” or “the eldest son” or “the number one son.”
When used figuratively to refer to Jesus, this could be translated with a word or phrase that means “the son who has authority over everything” or “the Son who is first in honor.”
Caution: Make sure the translation of this term in reference to Jesus does not imply that he was created.

(See also: inherit, sacrifice, son)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1060, H1062, H1067, H1069, G4416, G5207

firstfruits

Other :: firstfruits

Definition:

The term “firstfruits” refers to a portion of the first crop of fruits and vegetables that was reaped during each harvest season.

The Israelites offered these first fruits to God as a sacrificial offering.
This term is also used figuratively in the Bible to refer to a firstborn son as being the first fruits of the family. That is, because he was the first son to be born into that family, he was the one who carried on the family name and honor.
Because Jesus rose from the dead, he is called the “firstfruits” of all believers in him, belivers who have died but who will some day come back to life.
Believers in Jesus are also called the “firstfruits” of all creation, indicating the special privilege and position of those whom Jesus redeemed and called to be his people.

Translation Suggestions:

The literal use of this term could be translated as “first portion (of crops)” or “first part of the harvest.”
If possible, the figurative uses should be translated literally, to allow for different meanings in different contexts. This will also show the correlation between the literal meaning and the figurative uses.

(See also: firstborn)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1061, H6529, H7225, G536

fishermen, fishers

Other :: fishermen, fishers

Definition:

Fishermen are men who catch fish from the water as a means of earning money. In the New Testament, the fishermen used large nets to catch fish. The term “fishers” is another name for fishermen.

Peter and other apostles worked as fishermen before being called by Jesus.
Since the land of Israel was near water, the Bible has many references to fish and fishermen.
This term could be translated with a phrase such as “men who catch fish” or “men who earn money by catching fish.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1728, H1771, H2271, G231

flock, herd

Other :: flock, herd

Definition:

In the Bible, “flock” refers to a group of sheep or goats and “herd” refers to a group of cattle or pigs.

Different languages may have different ways of naming groups of animals or birds.

Translation Suggestions

Consider what terms are used in your language to refer to different groups of animals, and use the appropriate term for each kind of animal.
If your language uses the same word to refer to both groups of sheep and cattle, then you may need to say “groups of sheep” where the Bible says only “flocks,” and “groups of cattle” where the Bible says only “herds.” Alternatively, if the Biblical context does not demand differentiation (if the text simply says “flocks and herds,” meaning all their domesticated animals) you may just use the one word once.

(See also: goat, cow, pig, sheep)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0951, H1241, H2835, H4029, H4735, H4830, H5349, H5739, H6251, H6629, H7399, H7462, G0034, G4167, G4168

flood

Other :: flood

Definition:

The term “flood” literally refers to a large amount of water that completely covers over the land.

This term is also used figuratively to refer to an overwhelming amount of something, especially something that happens suddenly.
In Noah’s time, people had become so evil that God caused a worldwide flood to come over the entire surface of the earth, even covering the mountaintops. Everyone who was not in the boat with Noah drowned. All other floods cover a much smaller land area.
This term can also be an action, as in “the land was flooded by river water.”

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate the literal meaning of “flood” could include “an overflowing of water” or “large amounts of water.”
The figurative comparison “like a flood” could keep the literal term, or a substitute term could be used that refers to something that has a flowing aspect to it, such as a river.
For the expression “like a flood of water” where water is already mentioned, the word “flood” could be translated as “an overwhelming amount” or “an overflowing.”
This term can be used as a metaphor, as in “do not let the flood sweep over me,” which means “do not let these overwhelming disasters happen to me” or “don’t let me be devastated by disasters” or “don’t let your anger devastate me.” (See: Metaphor
The figurative expression “I flood my bed with tears” could be translated as “my tears cover my bed with water like a flood.”

(See also: ark, Noah)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3999, G2627

flute, pipe

Other :: flute, pipe

Definition:

In Bible times, pipes were musical instruments made of bone or wood with holes to allow the sound to come out. A flute was a kind of pipe.

Most pipes had reeds made out of a kind of thick grass that vibrated as air was blown over it.
A pipe without any reeds was often called a “flute.”
A shepherd played a pipe to calm his flocks of sheep.
Pipes and flutes were used for playing sad or joyful music.

(See also: flock, shepherd)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4953, H5748, H2485, H2490, G832, G834, G836

footstool

Other :: footstool

Definition:

The term “footstool” refers to an object which a person puts his feet on, usually to rest them while sitting. This term also has figurative meanings of submission and lower status.

People in Bible times considered feet to be the least honorable parts of the body. So a “footstool” was of even lower honor because feet were rested on it.
When God says “I will make my enemies a footstool for my feet” he is declaring power, control, and victory over the people who rebel against him. They will be humbled and conquered to the point of submitting to God’s will.
To “worship at God’s footstool” means to bow down in worship before him as he sits on his throne. This again communicates humility and submission to God.
David refers to the temple as God’s “footstool.” This could refer to his absolute authority over his people. This could also be picturing God the King on his throne, with his feet resting on his footstool, which represents all that is in submission to him.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1916, H3534, H7272, G4228, G5286

foreknew, foreknowledge

Other :: foreknew, foreknowledge

Definition:

The terms “foreknew” and “foreknowledge” come from the verb “foreknow” which means to know something before it happens.

God is not limited by time. He knows everything that happens in the past, present, and future.
This word is often used in the context of God knowing already who will be saved through receiving Jesus as Savior.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “foreknew” could also be translated as “knew before” or “knew ahead of time” or “knew beforehand” or “already knew.”
The term “foreknowledge” could be translated as “knowing before” or “knowing ahead of time” or “already knowing” or “knowing in advance.”

(See also: know, predestine)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G4267, G4268

forsake, forsaken, leave

Other :: forsake, forsaken, leave

Definition:

The term “forsake” means to abandon someone or to give up something. Someone who has been “forsaken” has been deserted or abandoned by someone else.

When people “forsake” God, they are being unfaithful to him by disobeying him.
When God “forsakes” people, he has stopped helping them and allowed them to experience suffering in order to cause them to turn back to him.
This term can also mean to forsake things, such as forsaking, or not following, God’s teachings.
The term “forsaken” can be used in the past tense, as in “he has forsaken you” or as in referring to someone who has “been forsaken.”

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate this term could include “abandon” or “neglect” or “give up” or “go away from” or “leave behind,” depending on the context.
To “forsake” God’s law could be translated “disobey God’s law.” This could also be translated as “abandon” or “give up on” or “stop obeying” his teachings or his laws.
The phrase “be forsaken” can be translated as “be abandoned” or “be deserted.”
It more clearer to use different words to translate this term, depending on whether the text describes forsaking a thing or a person.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H488, H2308, H5203, H5428, H5800, H5805, H7503, G646, G657, G863, G1459, G2641

found, founder, foundation

Other :: found, founder, foundation

Definition:

The verb “found” means build, create, or lay a base for. The phrase “founded on” means supported by or based on. A “foundation” is the base of support on which something is built or created.

The foundation of a house or building must be strong and dependable in order to support the entire structure.
The term “foundation” can also refer to the beginning of something or to the time when something was first created.
In a figurative sense, believers in Christ are compared to a building that is founded on the teachings of the apostles and prophets, with Christ himself being the cornerstone of the building.
A “foundation stone” was a stone that was laid as part of the foundation. These stones were tested to make sure they were strong enough to support an entire building.

Translation Suggestions:

The phrase “before the foundation of the world” could be translated as “before the creation of the world” or “before the time when the world first existed” or “before everything was first created.”
The term “founded on” could be translated as “securely built on” or “firmly based on.”
Depending on the context, “foundation” could be translated as “strong base” or “solid support” or “beginning” or “creation.”

(See also: cornerstone, create)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0134, H0787, H2713, H3245, H3247, H3248, H4143, H4144, H4146, H4328, H4349, H4527, H8356, G2310, G2311, G2602

fountain, source, spring

Other :: fountain, source, spring

Definition:

The terms “fountain” and “spring” usually refer to a large amount of water that flows out naturally from the ground.

These words are also used figuratively in the Bible to refer to blessings flowing from God or to refer to something that cleanses and purifies.
In modern times, a fountain is often a manmade object that has water flowing out of it, such as a drinking fountain. Make sure that the translation of this term refers to a natural source of flowing water.
Compare the translation of this term with how the term “flood” is translated.

(See also: flood)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H953, H1530, H1543, H3222, H4002, H4161, H4456, H4599, H4726, H5033, H5869, H5927, H6524, H6779, H8444, H8666, G242, G4077

frankincense

Other :: frankincense

Definition:

Frankincense is a fragrant spice made from tree resin. It is used to make perfumes and incense.

In Bible times, frankincense was an important spice used to prepare dead bodies for burial.
This spice is also valuable for its healing and calming qualities.
When learned men came from an eastern country to visit baby Jesus in Bethlehem, frankincense was one of the three gifts they brought him.

(See also: Bethlehem, learned men)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3828, G3030

free, freed, freedom, freeman, freewill, liberty

Other :: free, freed, freedom, freeman, freewill, liberty

Definition:

The terms “free” or “freedom” refer to not being in slavery, or any other kind of bondage. Another word for “freedom” is “liberty.”

The expression to “set someone free” or to “free someone” means to provide a way for someone to no longer be in slavery or captivity.
In the Bible, these terms are often used figuratively to refer to how a believer in Jesus is no longer under the power of sin.
Having “liberty” or “freedom” can also refer to no longer being required to obey the Law of Moses, but instead being free to live by the teachings and guidance of the Holy Spirit.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “free” could be translated with a word or phrase that means “not bound” or “not enslaved” or “not in slavery” or “not in bondage.”
The term “freedom” or “liberty” could be translated with a word or phrase that means “the state of being free” or “the condition of not being a slave” or “not being bound.”
The expression to “set free” could be translated as to “cause to be free” or to “rescue from slavery” or to “release from bondage.”
A person who has been “set free” has been “released” or “taken out of” bondage or slavery.

(See also: bind, enslave, servant)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1865, H2600, H2666, H2668, H2670, H3318, H4800, H5068, H5069, H5071, H5337, H5352, H5355, H5425, H5674, H5800, H6299, H6362, H7342, H7971, G425, G525, G558, G629, G630, G859, G1344, G1432, G1657, G1658, G1659, G1849, G3089, G3955, G4506, G5483

freewill offering

Other :: freewill offering

Definition:

A freewill offering was a type of sacrifice to God that was not required by the Law of Moses. It was a person’s own choice to give this offering.

If the freewill offering was an animal to be sacrificed, the animal was permitted to have slight defects since it was a voluntary offering.
The Israelites ate the sacrificed animal as part of a celebration feast.
When a freewill offering could be given, this was a cause of rejoicing for Israel since it showed that the harvest had been good so that the people had plenty of food.
The book of Ezra describes a different type of freewill offering that was brought for rebuilding the temple. This offering consisted of gold and silver money, as well as bowls and other objects made of gold and silver.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5068, H5071

fruit, fruitful, unfruitful

Other :: fruit, fruitful, unfruitful

Definition:

The term “fruit” literally refers to the part of a plant that can be eaten. Something that is “fruitful” has a lot of fruit. These terms are also used figuratively in the Bible.

The Bible often uses “fruit” to refer to a person’s actions. Just as fruit on a tree shows what kind of tree it is, in the same way a person’s words and actions reveal what his character is like.
A person can produce good or bad spiritual fruit, but the term “fruitful” always has the positive meaning of producing much good fruit.
The term “fruitful” is also used figuratively to mean “prosperous.” This often refers to having many children and descendants, as well as having plenty of food and other wealth.
In general, the expression “fruit of” refers to anything that comes from or that is produced by something else. For example, the “fruit of wisdom” refers to the good things that come from being wise.
The expression “fruit of the land” refers generally to everything that the land produces for people to eat. This includes not only fruits such as grapes or dates, but also vegetables, nuts, and grains.
The figurative expression “fruit of the Spirit” refers to godly qualities that the Holy Spirit produces in the lives of people who obey him.
The expression “fruit of the womb” refers to “what the womb produces—”that is children.

Translation Suggestions:

It is best to translate this term using the general word for “fruit” that is commonly used in the project language to refer to the edible fruit of a fruit tree. In many languages it may be more natural to use the plural “fruits” whenever it refers to more than one fruit.
Depending on the context, the term “fruitful” could be translated as “producing much spiritual fruit” or “having many children” or “prosperous.”
The expression “fruit of the land” could also be translated as “food that the land produces” or “food crops that are growing in that region.”
When God created animals and people, he commanded them to “be fruitful and multiply,” which refers to having many offspring. This could also be translated as “have many offspring” or “have many children and descendants” or “have many children so that you will have many descendants.”
The expression “fruit of the womb” could be translated as “what the womb produces” or “children a women gives birth to” or just “children.” When Elizabeth says to Mary “blessed is the fruit of your womb,” she means “blessed is the child you will give birth to.” The project language may also have a different expression for this.
Another expression “fruit of the vine,” could be translated as “vine fruit” or “grapes.”
Depending on the context, the expression “will be more fruitful” could also be translated as “will produce more fruit” or “will have more children” or “will be prosperous.”
The apostle Paul’s expression “fruitful labor” could be translated as “work that brings very good results” or “efforts that result in many people believing in Jesus.”
The “fruit of the Spirit” could also be translated as “works that the Holy Spirit produces” or “words and actions that show that the Holy Spirit is working in someone.”

(See also: descendant, grain, grape, Holy Spirit, vine, womb)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4, H1061, H1063, H1069, H2233, H2981, H3581, H3759, H3899, H3978, H4022, H5108, H6509, H6529, H7019, H8393, H8570, G1081, G2590, G2592, G2593, G3703, G5052, G5352

furnace

Other :: furnace

Facts:

A furnace was a very large oven used for heating objects to a high temperature.

In ancient times, most furnaces were used for melting metals to make objects such as cooking pots, jewelry, weapons, and idols.
Furnaces were also used in the making of clay pottery.
Sometimes a furnace is referred to figuratively to explain that something is very hot.

(See also: false god, image)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0861, H3536, H3564, H5948, H8574, G2575

gate, gate bars, gatekeeper, gateposts, gateway

Other :: gate, gate bars, gatekeeper, gateposts, gateway

Definition:

The term “gate” refers to an access point in a fence, wall, or other kind of barrier that surrounds a house, property, city, etc.

A city gate could be opened to allow people, animals, and cargo to travel in and out of the city.
To protect the city, its walls and gates were thick and strong. Gates were closed and locked with a metal or wooden bar to prevent enemy soldiers from entering the city.
A “bar” for a gate refers to a wood or metal bar that can be moved into place so that the doors of the gate cannot be opened from the outside.
In Bible times, a city gate was often the social center for that town or city. It was a place where news of current events was exchanged between people, where business transactions occurred, and where civil judgments were made.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, other ways to translate “gate” could be “door” or “wall opening” or “barrier” or “entranceway.”
The phrase “bars of the gate” could be translated as “gate bolts” or “wooden beams to lock the gate” or “metal locking rods of the gate.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1817, H5592, H6607, H8179, G2374, G4439, G4440

generation

Other :: generation

Definition:

The term “generation” generally refers to a group of people who are all alive at the same time. They are all born in the same general time period and are therefore about the same age.

A generation can also refer to a span of time. In Bible times, a generation was usually considered to be about 40 years.
Parents and their children are from two different generations.
In the Bible, the term “generation” is also used figuratively to refer generally to people who share common characteristics.

Translation Suggestions

The phrase “this generation” or “people of this generation” could be translated as “the people living now” or “you people.”
“This wicked generation” could also be translated as “these wicked people living now.”
The expression “from generation to generation” or “from one generation to the next” could be translated as “people living now, as well as their children and grandchildren” or “people in every time period” or “people in this time period and future time periods” or “all people and their descendants.”
“A generation to come will serve him; they will tell the next generation about Yahweh” could also be translated as “Many people in the future will serve Yahweh and will tell their children and grandchildren about him.”

(See also: descendant, evil, ancestor)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1755, H1859, H8435, G1074

giant

Other :: giant

Definition:

The word “giant” usually refers to a person who is extremely tall and strong.

Goliath, a Philistine soldier who fought David, was called a giant because he was a very tall, large, and strong man.
The Israelite spies who explored the land of Canaan said that the people living there were like giants.

(See also: Canaan, Goliath, Philistines)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1368, H5303, H7497

gird, girded, wrapped around, tied up, belt, tuck in belt, put belt around

Other :: gird, girded, wrapped around, tied up, belt, tuck in belt, put belt around

Definition:

The term “gird” means to fasten something around something else. It often refers to using a belt or sash around the waist to keep a robe or tunic in place.

The common biblical phrase, “gird up the loins” refers to tucking the bottom of a garment into a belt to allow a person to move more freely, usually to do work.
This phrase can also mean “get ready to work” or to be prepared to do something difficult.
The expression “gird up the loins” could be translated using an expression in the target language that has the same meaning. Or it could be translated figuratively as “prepare yourself for action” or “get yourself ready.”
The term “girded with” could be translated as “encircled by” or “wrapped with” or “belted with.”

(See also: loins)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H640, H247, H2290, H2296, H8151, G328, G1241, G4024

glean, gleanings

Other :: glean, gleanings

Definition:

The term “glean” means to go through a field or orchard and pick up whatever grain or fruit the harvesters have left behind.

God commanded the Israelites to let the widows, poor people, and foreigners glean the leftover grain in order to provide food for themselves.
Sometimes the owner of the field would allow the gleaners to go directly behind the harvesters to glean, which enabled them to glean much more of the grain. A clear example of how this worked is in the story of Ruth, who was generously allowed to glean among the harvesters in the fields of her relative Boaz.
Other ways to translate “glean” can be “pick up” or “gather” or “collect.”

(See also: Boaz, grain, harvest, Ruth)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3950, H3951, H5953, H5955

goat, goatskins, scapegoat, kids

Other :: goat, goatskins, scapegoat, kids

Definition:

A goat is a medium-sized, four-legged animal which is similar to a sheep and is raised primarily for its milk and meat. A baby goat is called a “kid.”

Like sheep, goats were important animals of sacrifice, especially at Passover.
Although goats and sheep can be very similar, these are some ways that they are different:
- Goats have coarse hair; sheep have wool.
- The tail of a goat stands up; the tail of a sheep hangs down.
- Sheep usually like to stay with their herd, but goats are more independent and tend to wander away from their herd.
In Bible times, goats were often the main source of milk in Israel.
Goat skins were used for tent coverings and to make bags for holding wine.
In both the Old and New Testaments, the goat was used as a symbol for unrighteous people, perhaps because of its tendency to wander away from the one taking care of it.
The Israelites also used goats as symbolic sin bearers. When one goat was sacrificed, the priest would lay his hands on a second, live goat, and send it into the desert as a symbol that the animal was bearing the people’s sins.

(See also: flock, sacrifice, sheep, righteous, wine)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H689, H1423, H1429, H3277, H3629, H5795, H5796, H6260, H6629, H6842, H7716, H8163, H8166, H8495, G122, G2055, G2056, G5131

gold, golden

Other :: gold, golden

Definition:

Gold is a yellow, high quality metal that was used for making jewelry and religious objects. It was the most valuable metal in ancient times.

In Bible times, many different kinds of objects were made out of solid gold or were covered with a thin layer of gold.
These objects included earrings and other jewelry, and idols, altars, and other objects used in the tabernacle or temple, such as the ark of the covenant.
In Old Testament times, gold was used as a means of exchange in buying and selling. It was weighed on a scale to determine its value.
Later on, gold and other metals such as silver were used to make coins to use in buying and selling
When referring to something that is not solid gold, but only has a thin covering of gold, the term “golden” or “gold-covered” or “gold-overlaid” could also be used.
Sometimes an object is described as “gold-colored,” which means it has the yellow color of gold, but may not actually be made of gold.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1220, H1722, H2091, H2742, H3800, H5458, H6884, H6885, G5552, G5553, G5554, G5557

gossip, gossips, talk nonsense

Other :: gossip, gossips, talk nonsense

Definition:

The term “gossip” refers to talking to people about someone else’s personal affairs, usually in a negative and unproductive way. Often what is talked about has not been confirmed as true.

The Bible says that spreading negative information about people is wrong. Gossip and slander are examples of this kind of negative speech.
Gossip is harmful to the person being spoken about because it often hurts someone’s relationships with other people.

(See also: slander)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5372, G2636, G5397

govern, governor, proconsul, Tirshatha

Other :: govern, governor, proconsul, Tirshatha

Definition:

A “governor” is a person who rules over a large area of land (such as a territory, region, or province) within a nation or empire.

In the Old Testament, the term “Tirshatha” is a more specific title for a governor who ruled over a Persian province.
In the New Testament, the term “proconsul” is a more specific title for a governor who ruled over a Roman province.
In Bible times, governors were appointed by a king or emperor and were under his authority.
A “government” consists of all the rulers who govern a certain country or empire. These rulers make laws that guide the behavior of their citizens so that there is peace, safety, and prosperity for all the people of that nation.

Translation Suggestions:

The word “governor” can also be translated as “ruler” or “overseer” or “regional leader” or “one who rules over a small territory.”
Depending on the context, the term “govern” could also be translated as “rule over” or “lead” or “manage” or “supervise.”
The term “governor” should be translated differently than the terms for “king” or “emperor”, since a governor was a less powerful ruler who was under their authority.
The term “proconsul” could also be translated as “Roman governor” or “Roman provincial ruler.”

(See also: authority, king, power, province, Rome, ruler)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H324, H1777, H2280, H4951, H5148, H5460, H6346, H6347, H6486, H7989, H8269, H8660, G445, G446, G746, G1481, G2232, G2233, G2230, G4232

grain offering

Other :: grain offering

Definition:

A grain offering was a gift of wheat or barley flour offered to God, often after a burnt offering.

The grain used for the grain offering had to be finely ground up. Sometimes it was cooked before being offered, but other times it was left uncooked.
Oil and salt were added to the grain flour, but no yeast or honey was permitted.
Part of the grain offering was burned up and part of it was eaten by the priests.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4503, H8641

grain offering, meal offerings

Other :: grain offering, meal offerings

Definition:

A “meal offering” or “grain offering” was a sacrifice to God in the form of grain or bread made out of grain flour.

The term “meal” refers to grain that has been ground up into flour.
The flour was mixed with water or oil to make a flat bread. Sometimes oil was spread on top of the bread.
This kind of offering was usually offered together with a burnt offering.

(See also: burnt offering, grain, sacrifice)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4503, H8641

grain, grainfields

Other :: grain, grainfields

Definition:

The term “grain” usually refers to the seed of a food plant such as wheat, barley, corn, millet, or rice. It can also refer to the whole plant.

In the Bible, the main grains that are referred to are wheat and barley.
A head of grain is the part of the plant that holds the grain.
Note that some older Bible versions use the word “corn” to refer to grain in general. In modern English however, “corn” only refers to one type of grain.

(See also: head, wheat)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1250, H1430, H1715, H2233, H2591, H3759, H3899, H7054, H7383, H7641, H7668, G248, G2590, G3450, G4621, G4719

grape, grapevine

Other :: grape, grapevine

Definition:

A grape is a small, round, smooth-skinned berry fruit that grows in clusters on vines. The juice of grapes is used in making wine.

There are different colors of grapes, such as light green, purple, or red.
Individiual grapes can be around one to three centimeters in size.
People grow grapes in gardens called vineyards. These normally consist of long rows of vines.
Grapes were a very important food during Bible times and having vineyards was a sign of wealth.
In order to keep grapes from rotting, people would often dry them. Dried grapes are called “raisins” and they were used to make raisin cakes.
Jesus told a parable about a grape vineyard to teach his disciples about God’s kingdom.

(See also: vine, vineyard, wine)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H811, H891, H1154, H1155, H1210, H3196, H5955, H6025, H6528, G288, G4718

groan

Other :: groan

Definition:

The term to “groan” refers to the uttering of a deep, low sound that is caused by physical or emotional distress. It could also be the sound someone makes without any words.

A person can groan because of feeling grief.
Groaning can be caused by feeling a terrible, oppressive burden.
Other ways to translate “groan” could include, “give a low cry of pain” or “grieve deeply.”
As a noun, this could be translated as “a low cry of distress” or “a deep murmur of pain.”

(See also: cry)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H584, H585, H602, H603, H1901, H1993, H5008, H5009, H5098, H5594, H7581, G4726, G4727, G4959

guilt offering

Other :: guilt offering

Definition:

A guilt offering was an offering or sacrifice that God required an Israelite to make if he had accidentally did something wrong such as disrespect God or damage another person’s property.

This offering involved the sacrifice of an animal and the payment of a fine, with silver or gold money.
In addition, the person at fault was responsible to pay for any damage that was done.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H817

had relations with, lovemaking, sleep with, lie with

Other :: had relations with, lovemaking, sleep with, lie with

Definition:

In the Bible, these terms are euphemisms that refer to having sexual intercourse. (See: Euphemism

The expression “sleep with” someone commonly refers to having sexual relations with that person. The past tense is “slept with.”
In the Old Testament book “Song of Solomon,” the ULT uses the term “lovemaking” to translate the word “love,” which in that context refers to sexual relations. This term is related to the expression “make love to.”

Translation Suggestions:

Some languages may use different expressions for these terms in different contexts, depending on whether whether those involved are a married couple or whether they have some other relationship. It is important to make sure that the translation of this term has the correct meaning in each context.
Depending on the context, expressions like these could be used to translate “sleep with”: “lie with” or “make love to” or “be intimate with.”
Other ways to translate “have relations with” could include “have sexual relations with” or “have marital relations with.”
The term “lovemaking” could also be translated as “loving” or “intimacy.” Or there may be an expression that is a natural way to translate this in the project language.
It is important to check that the terms used to translate this concept are acceptable to the people who will be using the Bible translation.

(See also: sexual immorality)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H160, H935, H1540, H2181, H2233, H3045, H3212, H6172, H7250, H7901, H7903, G1097

hail, hailstone, hailstorm

Other :: hail, hailstone, hailstorm

Facts:

This term usually refers to lumps of frozen water that fall from the sky. Although spelled the same way in English, a different word, “hail” is used in greeting someone and can mean, “hello” or “greetings to you.”

Hail that comes down from the sky is in the form of balls or chunks of ice called “hailstones.”
Usually hailstones are small (only a few centimeters wide), but sometimes there are hailstones that are as big as 20 centimeters wide and that weigh over a kilogram.
The book of Revelation in the New Testament describes enormous hailstones weighing 50 kilograms that God will cause to fall on earth when he judges people for their wickedness in the end times.
The word “hail” that is a formal greeting in older English literally means “rejoice” and could be translated as “Greetings!” or “Hello!”

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0068, H0417, H1258, H1259, G5463, G5464

hand

Other :: hand

Definition:

The word “hand” refers to the part of the body at the end of the arm. This term is often used figuratively to refer to a person’s power, control, or action, whether it be in reference to God or in reference to a human person.

Some of the various uses of the term “hand” include the following:

The term “hand” can be used figuratively to refer to the position of being “beside” a person, an object, or a location.
To “lay a hand on” means to “harm.” To “save from the hand of” means to prevent someone from being harmed by another person.
The position of being “on the right hand” means “on the right side” or “to the right.”
The expression “by the hand of” someone means “by” or “through” the action of that person. For example, the phrase “by the hand of the Lord” means that God caused something to happen.
Expressions such as “hand over to” or “deliver into the hands of” refer to causing someone to be under the control or power of someone else.
The term “laying on of hands” can refer to placing a hand on a person in order to dedicate that person to God’s service, to pray for healing, or to ask God to bless that person.
When Paul says “written by my hand,” it means that he himself wrote that part of the letter rather than speaking it to someone else to write down.

Translation Suggestions

These expressions and other figures of speech could be translated using other figurative expressions that have the same meaning. Or the meaning could be translated using direct, literal language (see examples above).
The expression “handed him the scroll” could also be translated as “gave him the scroll” or “put the scroll in his hand.” It was not given to him permanently, but just for the purpose of using it at that time.
An expression such as “delivered them into the hands of their enemies” or “handed them over to their enemies,” could be translated as “allowed their enemies to conquer them” or “caused them to be captured by their enemies” or “empowered their enemies to gain control over them.”
To “die by the hand of” could be translated as “be killed by.”
The expression “on the right hand of” could be translated as “on the right side of.”
In regard to Jesus being “seated at the right hand of God,” if this does not communicate in the language that it refers to a position of high honor and equal authority, a different expression with that meaning could be used. Or a short explanation could be added: “on the right side of God, in the position of highest authority.”

(See also: power, right hand, honor, bless)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2026, H2651, H2947, H2948, H3027, H3028, H3225, H3231, H3233, H3709, H7126, H7138, H8040, H8042, H8168, G710, G1188, G1448, G1451, G2176, G2902, G4084, G4474, G5495, G5496, G5497

hang, hung

Other :: hang, hung

Definition:

The term “hang” means to suspend something or someone above the ground.

In modern times, death by hanging is usually done by tying a rope around a person’s neck and suspending him from an elevated object until he dies. This elevated object can be any number of things, such as a tree or a gallows, that is, a platform built specifically for the purpose of hanging a person in order to kill him.
In biblical times, however, ancient cultures may not have killed people by hanging in precisely the same way. For example, Jesus died while hanging on a wooden cross (sometimes called a “tree”), but there was nothing around his neck. The soldiers suspended him by nailing his hands (or wrists) and his feet to the cross.
Some ancient cultures “hung” a person by impaling him on a wooden pole in such a way that he was suspended above the ground so that he could not escape. The person would be left there until he died.
For many references to death by “hanging” in the Bible, the specific means of death is unknown.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2614, H3363, H8518, G519

hard, harden, hardness

Other :: hard, harden, hardness

Definition:

The term “hard” generally refers to something that is difficult, persistent, or unyielding.

The use of “hard” (in various forms) with “heart” refers to people being stubbornly unrepentant or disobedient (usually) to God.
When used as a modifier, its meaning is similar to “great effort.”

Translation Suggestions

The term “hard” could also be translated as “difficult” or “stubborn” or “challenging,” depending on the context.
The terms “hardness” or “hardness of heart” or “hard heart” could be translated as “stubbornness” or “persistent rebellion” or “rebellious attitude” or “stubborn disobedience” or “stubbornly not repenting.”
The term “hardened” could also be translated as “stubbornly unrepentant” or “refusing to obey.”
“Do not harden your heart” could be translated as “do not refuse to repent” or “do not stubbornly keep disobeying.”
Other ways to translate “hard-headed” or “hard-hearted” could include “stubbornly disobedient” or “continuing to disobey” or “refusing to repent” or “always rebelling.”
In expressions such as “work hard” or “try hard,” the term “hard” could be translated as “with perseverance” or “diligently.”
The expression “press hard against” could also be translated as “shove with force” or “push strongly against.”
To “oppress people with hard labor” could be translated as “force people to work so hard that they suffer” or “cause people to suffer by forcing them to do very difficult work.”
A different kind of “hard labor” is experienced by a woman who is about to deliver a baby.

(See also: disobey, evil, heart, labor pains, stiff-necked)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H553, H1692, H2388, H2389, H2420, H2864, H3021, H3332, H3513, H3515, H3966, H4165, H4522, H5450, H5647, H5797, H5810, H5980, H5999, H6089, H6381, H6635, H7185, H7186, H7188, H7280, H8068, H8307, H8631, G917, G1419, G1421, G1422, G1423, G2205, G2532, G2553, G2872, G2873, G3425, G3433, G4053, G4183, G4456, G4457, G4641, G4642, G4643, G4645, G4912

harp, harpist

Other :: harp, harpist

Definition:

A harp is a stringed musical instrument, that usually consists of a large open frame with vertical strings.

In Bible times, fir wood was used to make harps and other musical instruments.
Harps were often held in the hands and played while walking.
In many places in the Bible, harps are mentioned as instruments that were used to praise and worship God.
David wrote several psalms which were set to harp music.
He also played a harp for King Saul, to soothe the king’s troubled spirit.

(See also: David, fir, psalm, Saul (OT))

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3658, H5035, H5059, H7030, G2788, G2789, G2790

harvest, reap

Other :: harvest, reap

Definition:

The term “harvest” refers to the gather the ripe fruits, vegetables, seeds, or grains from the plants on which they were growing. The term “reap” means to harvest crops.

The harvest time normally happens at the end of a growing season.
The Israelites held a “Festival of Harvest” or “Festival of Ingathering” to celebrate the reaping of the food crops. God commanded them to offer the first fruits of these crops as a sacrifice to him.
In biblical times, reapers usually harvested crops by hand, either pulling up the plants or cutting them with a sharp cutting tool.

Translation Suggestions:

It is best to translate the concept with the word that is commonly used in the language to refer to the harvesting of crops.
The event of harvesting could be translated as “time of gathering in” or “crop gathering time” or “fruit picking time.”
The verb to “harvest” could be translated as to “gather in” or to “pick up” or to “collect.”

(See also: firstfruits, festival, good news)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2758, H4395, H4672 H7105, H7114, H7938, G270, G2325, G2326, G2327

haughty, lofty

Other :: haughty, lofty

Definition:

The term “haughty” means to be prideful or arrogant. Someone who is “haughty” thinks too highly of himself.

Often this term describes a proud person who persists in sinning against God.
Usually a person who is haughty boasts about himself.
A haughty person is foolish, not wise.
This term could also be translated as “proud” or “arrogant” or “self-centered.”
The figurative expression “haughty eyes” could also be translated as “proud way of looking” or “looking at others as less important” or “proud person who looks down on others.”

(See also: boast, proud)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1361, H1363, H1364, H3093, H7312

head

Other :: head

Definition:

The word “head” refers to the uppermost body part of a human body, above the neck. This term is often used figuratively to mean many different things, including “top,” “first,” “beginning,” “source,” and other concepts.

Some examples of various uses of the term “head” include:

The expression “no razor will ever touch his head” means that he should never cut or shave his hair.
The expression “let their blood be on his own head” means that the man is responsible for their deaths and will receive the punishment for that.
The expression “heads of grain” refers to the top part of wheat or barley plants that contains the seeds. Similarly, the expression “head of a mountain” refers to the top part of the mountain.
The term “head” can also refer to the beginning or source of something, or the first in a series of things (can be objects or people).
Often the term “head” refers to the most important person in a group or to a person who is in authority over others. For example, the phrase “You have made me the head over nations” means “You have made me the ruler…” or “You have given me authority over….”

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, the term “head” could be translated as “authority” or “ruler” or “the one who is responsible for.”
The expression “will be on his own head” could be translated as “will be on him” or “he will be punished for” or “he will be held responsible for” or “he will be considered guilty for.”
Depending on the context, some other ways to translate this term might include “top” or “beginning” or “source” or “leader.”

(See also: chief, grain)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H441, H1270, H1538, H3852, H4425, H4761, H4763, H5110, H5324, H6285, H6287, H6797, H6915, H6936, H7139, H7144, H7146, H7217, H7226, H7218, H7541, H7636, H7641, H7872, G346, G755, G2775, G2776, G4719

heir

Other :: heir

Definition:

An “heir” is a person who legally receives property or money that belonged to a person who has died.

In Bible times, the main heir was the firstborn son, who received most of the property and money of his father.
The Bible also uses “heir” in a figurative sense to refer to person who as a Christian receives spiritual benefits from God, his spiritual father.
As God’s children, Christians are said to be “joint heirs” with Jesus Christ. This could also be translated as “co-heirs” or “fellow heirs” or “heirs together with.”
The term “heir” could be translated as “person receiving benefits” or whatever expression is used in the language to communicate the meaning of someone who receives property and other things when a parent or other relative dies.

(See also: firstborn, inherit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1121, H3423, G2816, G2818, G2820, G4789

high place

Other :: high place

Definition:

The term “high places” refers to the altars and shrines that were used for worshiping idols. They were usually built on higher ground, such as on a hill or mountainside.

Many of the kings of Israel sinned against God by building altars to false gods on these high places. This led the people to become deeply involved in worshiping idols.
It often happened that when a God-fearing king started ruling in Israel or Judah, often he would remove the high places or altars in order to stop the worship of these idols.
However, some of these good kings were careless and did not remove the high places, which resulted in the entire nation of Israel would continue to worship idols.

Translation Suggestions:

Other ways to translate this term could include “elevated places for idol worship” or “hilltop idol shrines” or “idol altar mounds.”
Make sure it is clear that this term refers to the idol altars, not just to the high place where those altars were located.

(See also: altar, false god, worship)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1116, H1181, H1354, H2073, H4791, H7311, H7413

holy city

Other :: holy city

Definition:

In the Bible, the term “holy city” refers to the city of Jerusalem.

This term is used to refer to the ancient city of Jerusalem as well as the new, heavenly Jerusalem where God will live and reign among his people.
This term can be translated by combining the terms for “holy” and “city” that have been used in the rest of the translation.

(See also: heaven, holy, Jerusalem)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5892, H6944, G40, G4172

honey, honeycomb

Other :: honey, honeycomb

Definition:

“Honey” is the sweet, sticky, edible substance that honeybees make out of flower nectar. Honeycomb is the waxy frame where the bees store honey.

Depending on the kind, honey can be yellowish or brownish in color.
Honey can be found in the wild, such as in the hollow of a tree, or wherever bees make a nest. People also raise bees in hives in order to produce honey to eat or sell, but probably the honey mentioned in the Bible was wild honey.
Three people that the Bible specifically mentions as eating wild honey were Jonathan, Samson, and John the Baptist.
This term is often used figuratively to describe something that is sweet or very pleasurable. For example, God’s words and decrees are said to be “sweeter than honey.” (See also: Simile, Metaphor
Sometimes a person’s words are described as seeming sweet like honey, but instead result in deceiving and harming others.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1706, H3293, H3295, H5317, H6688, G3192

hoof

Other :: hoof

Facts:

These terms refer to the hard material covering the bottom of the feet of certain animals such as camels, cattle, deer, horses, donkeys, pigs, oxen, sheep, and goats.

An animal’s hooves protect its feet when walking.
Some animals have hooves that are split into two parts and others do not.
God told the Israelites that animals which had split hooves and chewed a cud were considered clean to eat. This included cattle, sheep, deer, and oxen.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: camel, cow, ox, donkey, goat, pig, sheep)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6119, H6471, H6536, H6541, H7272

horn, horned

Other :: horn, horned

Facts:

Horns are permanent, hard, pointed growths on the heads of many types of animals, including cattle, sheep, goats, and deer.

The horn of a ram (male sheep) was made into a musical instrument called a “ram’s horn” or “shofar,” which was blown for special events such as religious festivals.
God told the Israelites to make a horn-shaped projection on each of the four corners of the incense and brazen altars. Although these projections were called “horns,” they were not actually animal horns.
The term “horn” was sometimes used to refer to a “flask” that was shaped like a horn and was used for holding water or oil. A flask of oil was used for anointing a king, as Samuel did with David.
This term should be translated with a word that is different from the word that refers to a trumpet.
The term “horn” is also used figuratively as a symbol of strength, power, authority, and royalty.

(See also: authority, cow, deer, goat, power royal, sheep, trumpet)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s:H3104, H7160, H7161, H7162, H7782, G2768

horror, horrible, object of horror

Other :: horror, horrible, object of horror

Definition:

The term “horror” refers to a very intense feeling of fear or terror. The person who is feeling horror is said to be “horrified.”

Horror is more dramatic and intense than ordinary fear.
Usually when someone is horrified they are also in shock or stunned.

(See also: fear, terror)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1091, H1763, H2189, H4032, H4923, H5892, H6343, H6427, H7588, H8047, H8074, H8175, H8178, H8186

horse, warhorse, horseback

Other :: horse, warhorse, horseback

Definition:

A horse is a large, four-legged animal that in Bible times was mostly used for doing farm work and for transporting people.

Some horses were used to pull carts or chariots, while others were used to carry individual riders.
Horses often wear a bit and bridle on their heads so they can be guided.
In the Bible, horses were considered to be valuable possessions and a measure of wealth, mainly because of their use in war. For example, part of King Solomon’s great wealth was the thousands of horses and chariots that he had.
Animals that are similar to the horse are the donkey and the mule.

(See also: chariot, donkey, Solomon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H47, H5483, H5484, H6571, H7409, G2462

horseman

Other :: horseman

Definition:

In Bible times, the term “horsemen” referred to men who rode horses into battle.

Warriors who rode in horse-pulled chariots may also have been called “horsemen,” though this term usually refers to men who were actually riding on horses.
The Israelites believed that using horses in battle placed too much emphasis on their own strength rather than on Yahweh, so they did not have many horsemen.
This term could also be translated as “horse riders” or “men on horses.”

(See also: chariot, horse)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6571, H7395, G2460

hour

Other :: hour

Definition:

In addition to being used to refer to when or how long something took place, the term “hour” is also used in several figurative ways:

Sometimes “hour” refers to a regular, scheduled time to do something, such as the “hour of prayer.”
When the text says that the “hour had come” for Jesus to suffer and be put to death, this means that it was the appointed time for this to happen—the time that God had selected long ago.
The term “hour” is also used to mean “at that moment” or “right then.”
When the text talks about the “hour” being late, this means that it was late in the day, when the sun would soon be setting.

Translation Suggestions:

When used figuratively, the term “hour” can be translated as “time” or “moment” or “appointed time.”
The phrase “in that very hour” or “the same hour” could be translated as “at that moment” or “at that time” or “immediately” or “right then.”
The expression “the hour was late” could be translated as “it was late in the day” or “it would soon be getting dark” or “it was late afternoon.”

(See also: hour)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G5610

hour, moment, immediately, for a while

Other :: hour, moment, immediately, for a while

Definition:

The term “hour” is often used in the Bible to tell what time of day a certain event took place. It is also used figuratively to mean “time” or “moment.”

The Jews counted daylight hours starting at sunrise (around 6 a.m.). For example, “the ninth hour” meant “around three in the afternoon.”
Nighttime hours were counted starting at sunset (around 6 p.m.). For example, “the third hour of the night” meant “around nine in the evening” in our present-day system…
Since references to time in the Bible will not correspond exactly to the present-day time system, phrases such as “around nine” or “about six o’clock” could be used.
Some translations might add phrases like “in the evening” or “in the morning” or “in the afternoon” to make it clear what time of day is being talked about.
The phrase, “in that hour” could be translated as “at that time” or “in that moment.”
Referring to Jesus, the expression “his hour had come” could be translated as “the time had come for him to” or “the appointed time for him had come.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8160, G5610

house, household

Other :: house, household

Definition:

The term “house” refers to a small building, shelter, or tent, usually the place where a family sleeps. The term is often used figuratively in the Bible to mean various concepts such as “household” or “descendants,” etc.

Sometimes the term “house” means “household,” referring to all the people who live together in one house or multi-structure home compound (whether buildings or tents), including family members and all their servants.
Sometimes the term “house” means “family” or “descendants,” referring to all the people related to or descended from a particular person. For example, the phrase “house of David” refers to all the descendants of King David.
The terms “house of God” and “house of Yahweh” refer to the tabernacle or temple. These expressions can also refer generally to a central place where Yahweh was worshipped.
The phrase “house of Israel” can refer generally to the entire nation of Israel or more specifically to the tribes of the northern kingdom of Israel.

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, “house” could be translated as “household” or “people” or “family” or “descendants” or “temple” or “dwelling place.”
The phrase “house of David” could be translated as “clan of David” or “family of David” or “descendants of David.” Related expressions could be translated in a similar way.
Different ways to translate “house of Israel” could include “people of Israel” or “Israel’s descendants” or “Israelites.”
The phrase “house of Yahweh” could be translated as “Yahweh’s temple” or “place where Yahweh is worshiped” or “place where Yahweh meets with his people” or “where Yahweh dwells.” The phrase “house of God” could be translated in a similar way.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1004, H1005, G3609, G3613, G3614, G3624

household

Other :: household

Definition:

The term “household” refers to all the people who live together in a house, including family members and all their servants.

Managing a household would involves directing the servants and also taking care of the property.
Sometimes “household” can refer figuratively to the whole family line of someone, especially his descendants.

(See also: house)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1004, H5657, G2322, G3609, G3614, G3615, G3616, G3623, G3624

image, carved image, cast metal images, figure, carved figure, statue

Other :: image, carved image, cast metal images, figure, carved figure, statue

Definition:

These terms are all used to refer to idols that have been made for worshiping a false god. In the context of worshiping idols, the term “image” is a shortened form of “carved image.”

A “carved image” or “carved figure” is a wooden object that has been made to look like an animal, person, or thing.
A “cast metal figure” is an object or statue created by melting metal and pouring it into a mold that is in the shape of an object, animal, or person.
These wooden and metal objects were used in the worship of false gods.
The term “image” when referring to an idol could either refer to a wooden or metal idol.

Translation Suggestions:

When referring to an idol, the term “image” could also be translated as “statue” or “engraved idol” or “carved religious object.”
It may be more clear in some languages to always use a descriptive word with this term, such as “carved image” or “cast metal figure,” even in places where only the term “image” or “figure” is in the original text.
Make sure it is clear that this term is different than the term used to refer to being in the image of God.

(See also: false god, God, false god, image of God)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H457, H1544, H2553, H4541, H4676, H4853, H4906, H5257, H5262, H5566, H6091, H6456, H6459, H6754, H6755, H6816, H8403, H8544, H8655, G1504, G5179

imitate, imitator

Other :: imitate, imitator

Definition:

The terms “imitate” and “imitator” refers to copying someone else by acting exactly like that person does.

Christians are taught to imitate Jesus Christ by obeying God and loving others, just as Jesus did.
The apostle Paul told the early church to imitate him, just as he imitated Christ.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “imitate” could be translated as “do the same things as” or “follow his example.”
The expression “be imitators of God” could be translated as “be people who act like God does” or “be people who do the kinds of things God does.”
“You became imitators of us” could be translated as “You followed our example” or “You are doing the same kinds of godly things that you saw us do.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H310, H6213, G1096, G2596, G3401, G3402, G4160

in labor, labor pains, birth pains, pains of childbirth

Other :: in labor, labor pains, birth pains, pains of childbirth

Definition:

A woman who is “in labor” is experiencing the pains that lead up to the birth of her child. These are called “labor pains.”

In his letter to the Galatians, the apostle Paul used this term figuratively to describe his own intense striving to help his fellow believers become more and more like Christ.
The analogy of labor pains is also used in the Bible to describe how disasters in the last days will happen with increasing frequency and intensity.

(See also: labor, last day)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2342, H3018, H3205, H5999, H6887, G3449, G4944, G5604, G5605

incense

Other :: incense

Definition:

The term “incense” refers to a mixture of fragrant spices that is burned to produce smoke that has a pleasant smell.

God told the Israelites to burn incense as an offering to him.
The incense had to be made by mixing equal amounts of five specific spices exactly as God directed. This was a sacred incense, so they were not allowed to use it for any other purpose.
The “altar of incense” was a special altar that was only used for burning incense.
The incense was offered at least four times a day, at each hour of prayer. It was also offered every time a burnt offering was made.
The burning of incense represents prayer and worship rising up to God from his people.
Other ways to translate “incense” could include “fragrant spices” or “good-smelling plants.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2553, H3828, H4196, H4289, H5208, H6988, H6999, H7002, H7004, H7381, G2368, G2369, G2370, G2379, G3031

inquire, inquiries

Other :: inquire, inquiries

Facts:

The term “inquire” means to ask someone for information. The expression “inquire of” is often used to refer to asking God for wisdom or help.

The Old Testament records several instances where people inquired of God.
The word can also be used of a king or government official making a search through official written records.
Depending on the context, “inquire” could be translated as “ask” or “ask for information.”
The expression “inquire of Yahweh” could be translated as “ask Yahweh for guidance” or “ask Yahweh what to do.”
To “inquire after” something could be translated as “ask questions about” or “ask for information about.”
When Yahweh says “I will not be inquired of by you,” this could be translated as “I will not allow you to ask me for information” or “you will not be permitted to seek help from me.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1240, H1245, H1875, G1830

instruct, instruction, instructors

Other :: instruct, instruction, instructors

Facts:

The terms “instruct” and “instruction” refer to giving specific directions about what to do.

To “give instructions” means to tell someone specifically what he is supposed to do.
When Jesus gave the disciples the bread and fish to distribute to the people, he gave them specific instructions about how to do it.
Depending on the context, the term “instruct” could also be translated as “tell” or “direct” or “teach” or “give instructions to.”
The term “instructions” could be translated as “directions” or “explanations” or “what he has told you to do.”
When God gives instructions, this term is sometimes translated as “commands” or “orders.”

(See also: command, decree, teach)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H241, H376, H559, H631, H1004, H1696, H1697, H3256, H3289, H3384, H4148, H4156, H4687, H4931, H4941, H6098, H6310, H6490, H6680, H7919, H8451, G1256, G1299, G1319, G1321, G1378, G1781, G1785, G2727, G2753, G3559, G3560, G3811, G3852, G3853, G4264, G4367, G4822

integrity

Other :: integrity

Definition:

The term “integrity” refers to being honest, with strong moral principles and behavior is said to have integrity.

Having integrity also means choosing to do what is honest and right even when nobody else is watching.
Certain characters in the Bible, such as Joseph and Daniel, showed integrity when they refused to do evil and chose to obey God.
The book of Proverbs says that it is better to be poor and have integrity than to be rich and corrupt or dishonest.

Translation Suggestions

The term “integrity” could also be translated as “honesty” or “moral uprightness” or “behaving truthfully” or “acting in a trustworthy, honest manner.”

(See also: Daniel, Joseph (OT))

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3476, H6664, H6666, H8535, H8537, H8537, H8538, H8549, G4587

interpret, interpretation, interpreter

Other :: interpret, interpretation, interpreter

Facts:

The terms “interpret” and “interpretation” refer to understanding and explaining the meaning of something that is not clear.

Often in the Bible these terms are used in connection with explaining the meaning of dreams or visions.
When the king of Babylon had some confusing dreams, God helped Daniel to interpret them and to explain their meanings.
The “interpretation” of the dream is the “explanation” of the meaning of the dream.
In the Old Testament, God sometimes used dreams to reveal to people what would happen in the future. So the interpretations of those dreams were prophecies.
The term “interpret” can also refer to figuring out the meaning of other things, such as figuring out what the weather will be like based on how cold or hot it is, how windy it is, and what the sky looks like.
Ways to translate the term “interpret” could include, “figure out the meaning of” or “explain” or “give the meaning of.”
The term “interpretation” could also be translated as “explanation” or “meaning.”

(See also: Babylon, Daniel, dream, prophet, vision)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H995, H3887, H6591, H6622, H6623, H7667, H7760, H7922, G1252, G1328, G1329, G1381, G1955, G2058, G3177, G4793

it is written

Other :: it is written

Definition:

The phrase “as it is written” or “what is written” occurs frequently in the New Testament and usually refers to commands or prophecies that were written in the Hebrew scriptures.

Sometimes “as it is written” refers to what was written in the Law of Moses.
Other times it is a quote from what one of the prophets wrote in the Old Testament.
This could be translated “as it is written in the Law of Moses” or “as the prophets wrote long ago” or “what it says in God’s laws that Moses wrote down long ago”.
Another option is to keep “It is written” and give a footnote that explains what this means.

(See also: command, law, prophet, word of God)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3789, G1125

judge

Other :: judge

Definition:

A judge is a person who decides what is right or wrong when there are disputes between people, usually in matters that pertain to the law.

In the Bible, God is often referred to as a judge because he is the one perfect judge who makes the final decisions about what is right or wrong.
After the people of Israel entered the land of Canaan and before they had kings to rule them, God appointed leaders called “judges” to lead them in times of trouble. Often these judges were military leaders who rescued the Israelites by defeating their enemies.
The term “judge” could also be called “decision-maker” or “leader” or “deliverer” or “governor,” depending on the context.

(See also: governor, judge, law)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H148, H430, H1777, H1778, H1779, H1781, H1782, H6414, H6416, H6419, H8199, G350, G1252, G1348, G2919, G2922, G2923

kin, kinfolk, kindred, kinsman

Other :: kin, kinfolk, kindred, kinsman

Definition:

The term “kin” refers to a person’s blood relatives, considered as a group. The word “kinsman” refers specifically to a male relative.

“Kin” can only refer to a person’s close relatives, such as parents and siblings, or it can also include more distant relatives, such as an aunts, uncles, or cousins.
In ancient Israel, if a man died, his nearest male relative was expected to marry his widow, manage his property, and help carry on his family name. This relative was called a “kinsman-redeemer.”
This term “kin” could also be translated as “relative” or “family member.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H251, H1350, H4129, H4130, H7138, H7607, G4773

kind [NOT kindness]

Other :: kind [NOT kindness]

Definition:

The term “kind” refers to a group or classification of something(s) that share some common characteristics but not all characteristics.

In the Bible, this term is specifically used to refer to the distinctive kinds of plants and animals that God made when he created the world.
Often there are many different variations or species within each “kind.” For example, horses, zebras, and donkeys are all members of the same “kind,” but they are different species.
The main thing that distinguishes each “kind” as a separate group is that members of that group can reproduce more of their same “kind.” Members of different kinds cannot do that with each other.

Translation Suggestions

Ways to translate this term could include “type” or “class” or “group” or “animal (plant) group” or “category.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2178, H3978, H4327, G1085, G5449

kiss

Other :: kiss

Definition:

A kiss is an action in which one person puts his lips to another person’s lips or face. This term can also be used figuratively.

Some cultures kiss each other on the cheek as a form of greeting or to say goodbye.
A kiss can communicate deep love between two people, such as a husband and wife.
The expression to “kiss someone farewell” means to say goodbye with a kiss.
Sometimes the word “kiss” is used to mean “say goodbye to.” When Elisha said to Elijah, “Let me first go and kiss my father and mother,” he wanted to say goodbye to his parents before leaving them to follow Elijah.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5390, H5401, G2705, G5368, G5370

know, knowledge, unknown, distinguish

Other :: know, knowledge, unknown, distinguish

Definition:

The term “know” and “knowledge” means generally to understand something or someone. It can also mean to be aware of a fact or to be familiar with a person. The expression “to make known” means to tell information.

The term “knowledge” refers to information that people know. It can apply to knowing physical concepts or abstract concepts.
To “know about” God means to understand facts about him because of what he has revealed to us.
To “know” God means to have a relationship with him. This also applies to knowing people.
To know God’s will means to be aware of what he has commanded, or to understand what he wants a person to do.
To “know the Law” means to be aware of what God has commanded or to understand what God has instructed in the laws he gave to Moses.
Sometimes “knowledge” is used as a synonym for “wisdom,” which includes living in a way that is pleasing to God.
The “knowledge of God” is sometimes used as a synonym for the “fear of Yahweh.”
When used of a man and a woman to “know” is often an euphemism that refers to having sexual intercourse.

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, ways to translate “know” could include “understand” or “be familiar with” or “be aware of” or “be acquainted with” or “be in relationship with.”
In the context of understanding the difference between two things, the term is usually translated as “distinguish.” When used in this way, the term is often followed by the preposition “between.”
Some languages have two different words for “know,” one for knowing facts and one for knowing a person and having a relationship with him.
The term “make known” could be translated as “cause people to know” or “reveal” or “tell about” or “explain.”
To “know about” something could be translated as “be aware of” or “be familiar with.”
The expression “know how to” means to understand the process or method of getting something done. It could also be translated as “be able to” or “have the skill to.”
The term “knowledge” could also be translated as “what is known” or “wisdom” or “understanding,” depending on the context.

(See also: law, reveal, understand, wise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1843, H1844, H1847, H1875, H3045, H3046, H4093, H4486, H5046, H5234, H5475, H5869, G50, G56, G1097, G1107, G1108, G1492, G1921, G1922, G1987, G2467, G2589, G4267, G4894

labor, laborer, work, hard work

Other :: labor, laborer, work, hard work

Definition:

The term “labor” refers to doing hard work of any kind.

In general, labor is any task which uses energy. It is often implied that the task is difficult.
A laborer is a person who does any type of labor.
In English, the word “labor” is also used for part of the process of giving birth. Other languages may have a completely different word for this.
Ways to translate “labor” could include “work” or “hard work” or “difficult work” or to “work hard.”

(See also: hard, labor pains)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3018, H3021, H3022, H3205, H4522, H4639, H5447, H5450, H5647, H5656, H5998, H5999, H6001, H6089, H6468, H6635, G75, G2038, G2040, G2041, G2872, G2873, G4866, G4904

lamp

Other :: lamp

Definition:

The term “lamp” generally refers to something that produces light. The lamps used in Bible times were usually oil lamps.

The type of lamp that was used in Bible times is a small container with a fuel source, usually oil, that gives light when it burns.

An ordinary oil lamp usually consisted of a common piece of pottery filled with olive oil, with a wick placed in the oil to burn.
For some lamps, the pot or jar was oval, with one end pinched close together to hold the wick.
An oil lamp could be carried or placed on a stand so that its light could fill a room or house.
In scripture, lamps are used in several figurative ways as symbols of light and life.

(See also: lampstand, life, light)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3940, H3974, H4501, H5215, H5216, G2985, G3088

lampstand

Other :: lampstand

Definition:

In the Bible, the term “lampstand” generally refers to a structure on which a lamp is placed in order to provide light to a room.

A simple lampstand usually held one lamp and was made of clay, wood, or metal (such as bronze, silver, or gold.)
In the Jerusalem temple there was a special gold lampstand which had seven branches for holding seven lamps.

Translation Suggestions

This term could be also translated as “lamp pedestal” or “structure for holding a lamp” or “lamp holder.”
For the temple lampstand, this could be translated as “seven-lamp lampstand” or “gold pedestal with seven lamps.”
It would also be helpful in a translation to include pictures of a simple lampstand and a seven-branch lampstand in the relevant Bible passages.

(See also: bronze, gold, lamp, light, silver, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4501, G3087

law, principle

Other :: law, principle

Definition:

A “law” is a legal rule that is usually written down and enforced by someone in authority. A “principle” is a guideline for decision-making and behavior, and is usually not written down or enforced. However, sometimes the term “law” is used to mean a “principle.”

A “law” is similar to a “decree,” but the term “law” is generally used to refer to something written rather than spoken.
Both “law” and “principle” can refer to a general rule or belief that guides a person’s behavior.
This meaning of “law” is different from its meaning in the term “law of Moses,” where it refers to commands and instructions that God gave the Israelites.
When a general law is being referred to, “law” could be translated as “principle” or “general rule.”

(See also: law of Moses, decree, command, declare)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1285, H1881, H1882, H2706, H2708, H2710, H4687, H4941, H6310, H7560, H8451, G1785, G3548, G3551, G4747

lawful, unlawful, not lawful, lawless, lawlessness

Other :: lawful, unlawful, not lawful, lawless, lawlessness

Definition:

The term “lawful” refers to something that is permitted to be done according to a law or other requirement. The opposite of this is “unlawful,” which simply means “not lawful.”

In the Bible, something was “lawful” if it was permitted by God’s moral law, or by the Law of Moses and other Jewish laws. Something that was “unlawful” was “not permitted” by those laws.
To do something “lawfully” means to do it “properly” or “in the right way.”
Many of the things that the Jewish laws considered lawful or not lawful were not in agreement with God’s laws about loving others.
Depending on the context, ways to translate “lawful” could include “permitted” or “according to God’s law” or “following our laws” or “proper” or “fitting.”
The phrase “Is it lawful?” could also be translated as “Do our laws allow?” or “Is that something our laws permit?”

The terms “unlawful” and “not lawful” are used to describe actions that break a law.

In the New Testament, the term “unlawful” is not only used to refer to breaking God’s laws, but also often refers to breaking Jewish man-made laws.
Over the years, the Jews added to the laws that God gave to them. The Jewish leaders would call something “unlawful” if it did not conform to their man-made laws.
When Jesus and his disciples were picking grain on a Sabbath day, the Pharisees accused them of doing something “unlawful” because it was breaking the Jewish laws about not working on that day.
When Peter stated that eating unclean foods was “unlawful” for him, he meant that if he ate those foods he would be breaking the laws God had given the Israelites about not eating certain foods.

The term “lawless” describes a person who does not obey laws or rules. When a country or group of people are in a state of “lawlessness,” there is widespread disobedience, rebellion, or immorality.

A lawless person is rebellious and does not obey God’s laws.
The apostle Paul wrote that in the last days there will be a “man of lawlessness,” or a “lawless one,” who will be influenced by Satan to do evil things.

Translation Suggestions:

This term “unlawful” should be translated using a word or expression that means “not lawful” or “lawbreaking.”
Other ways to translate “unlawful” could be “not permitted” or “not according to God’s law” or “not conforming to our laws.”
The expression “against the law” has the same meaning as “unlawful.”
The term “lawless” could also be translated as “rebellious” or “disobedient” or “law-defying”.
The term “lawlessness” could be translated as “not obeying any laws” or “rebellion (against God’s laws).”
The phrase “man of lawlessness” could be translated as “man who does not obey any laws” or “man who rebels against God’s laws.”
It is important to keep the concept of “law” in this term, if possible.
Note that the term “unlawful” has a different meaning from this term.

(See also: law, law, Moses, Sabbath)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6530, G111, G113, G266, G458, G459, G1832, G3545

learned men, astrologers

Other :: learned men, astrologers

Definition:

In Matthew’s account of the birth of Christ, the “learned” or “educated” men were the “wise men” who brought gifts to Jesus in Bethlehem sometime after his birth there. They may have been “astrologers,” people who study the stars.

These men traveled a long way from a country far to the east of Israel. It is not known exactly where they came from or who they were. But they were obviously scholars who had studied the stars.
They may have been descendants of the wise men who served the Babylonian kings in Daniel’s time and who were trained in many things, including studying the stars and interpreting dreams.
Traditionally it has been said that there were three wise men or learned men because of the three gifts they brought to Jesus. However, the Bible text does not say how many there were.

(See also: Babylon, Bethlehem, Daniel)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1505, G3097

leopard

Other :: leopard

Facts:

A leopard is a large, cat-like, wild animal that is brown with black spots.

A leopard is a kind of animal which catches other animals and eats them.
In the Bible, the suddenness of disaster is compared to a leopard, which pounces suddenly on its prey.
The prophet Daniel and the apostle John tell about visions in which they saw a beast that looked like a leopard.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: beast, Daniel, prey, vision)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5245, H5246

light, luminary, shine, brighten, enlighten

Other :: light, luminary, shine, brighten, enlighten

Definition:

The term “light” is used figuratively in various ways in the Bible. Light is often used as a metaphor for wisdom, life, righteousness, truth, or happiness.

Jesus said, “I am the light of the world” to express that he brings God’s true message to the world and rescues people from the darkness of their sin.
Christians are commanded to “walk in the light,” which means they should be living the way God wants them to and avoiding evil.
The apostle John stated that “God is light” and in him there is no darkness at all.
Jesus said that he was “the light of the world” and that his followers should shine like lights in the world by living in a way that clearly shows how great God is.
“Walking in the light” represents living in a way that pleases God, doing what is good and right. Walking in darkness represents living in rebellion against God, doing evil things.

Translation Suggestions:

When translating, it is important to keep the literal terms “light” and “darkness” even when they are used figuratively.
It may be necessary to explain the comparison in the text. For example, “walk as children of light” could be translated as “live openly righteous lives, like someone who walks in bright sunlight.”
Make sure that the translation of “light” does not refer to an object that gives light, such as a lamp. The translation of this term should refer to the light itself.

(See also: darkness, wisdom, life, righteous, true, joy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0216, H0217, H3313, H3974, H5051, H5094, H5105, H5216, H7837, G0681, G0796, G1645, G2985, G3088, G5338, G5457, G5458, G5460, G5462

like, likeminded, likeness, likewise, alike, unlike, as if

Other :: like, likeminded, likeness, likewise, alike, unlike, as if

Definition:

The terms “like” and “likeness” refer to something being the same as, or similar to, something else.

The word “like” is also often used in a figurative expressions called a “simile” in which something is compared to something else, usually highlighting a shared characteristic. For example, “his clothes shined like the sun” and “the voice boomed like thunder.” (See: Simile
To “be like” or “sound like” or “look like” something or someone means to have qualities that are similar to the thing or person being compared to.
People were created in God’s “likeness,” that is, in his “image.” It means that they have qualities or characteristics that are “like” or “similar to” qualities that God has, such as the ability to think, feel, and communicate.
To have “the likeness of” something or someone means to have characteristics that look like that thing or person.

Translation Suggestions

In some contexts, the expression “the likeness of” could be translated as “what looked like” or “what appeared to be.”
The expression “in the likeness of his death” could be translated as “sharing in the experience of his death” or “as if experiencing his death with him.”
The expression “in the likeness of sinful flesh” could be translated as “being like a sinful human being” or to “be a human being.” Make sure the translation of this expression does not sound like Jesus was sinful.
“In his own likeness” could also be translated as to “be like him” or “having many of the same qualities that he has.”
The expression “the likeness of an image of perishable man, of birds, of four-footed beasts and of creeping things” could be translated as “idols made to look like perishable humans, or animals, such as birds, beasts, and small, crawling things.”

(See also: beast, flesh, image of God, image, perish)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1823, H8403, H8544, G1503, G1504, G2509, G2531, G2596, G3664, G3665, G3666, G3667, G3668, G3669, G3697, G4833, G5108, G5613, G5615, G5616, G5618, G5619

lion, lioness

Other :: lion, lioness

Definition:

A lion is a large, cat-like, that has animal, with powerful teeth and claws for killing and tearing apart its prey.

Lions have powerful bodies and great speed to catch their prey. Their fur is short and golden-brown.
Male lions have a mane of hair that encircles their heads.
Lions kill other animals to eat them and can be dangerous to human beings.
When King David was a boy, he killed lions that tried to attack the sheep he was caring for.
Samson also killed a lion, with his bare hands.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: David, leopard, Samson, sheep)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H738, H739, H744, H3715, H3833, H3918, H7826, H7830, G3023

livestock, animals

Other :: livestock, animals

Facts:

The term “livestock” refers to animals which are raised to provide food and other useful products. Some types of livestock are also trained as work animals.

Kinds of livestock include sheep, cattle, goats, horses, and donkeys.
In Biblical times, wealth was partly measured by how much livestock a person had.
Livestock are used to produce items such as wool, milk, cheese, housing materials, and clothing.
This term could also be translated as “farm animals.”

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: cow, ox, donkey, goat, horse, sheep)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0929, H4399, H4735

locust

Other :: locust

Facts:

The term “locust” refers to a type of large, flying grasshopper that sometimes flies with many other of its kind in a very destructive swarm that eats all vegetation.

Locusts and other grasshoppers are large, straight-winged insects with long, jointed back legs that give them the ability to jump a long distance way.
In the Old Testament, swarming locusts were referred to figuratively as a symbol or picture of the overwhelming devastation that would come as a result of Israel’s disobedience.
God sent locusts as one of the ten plagues against the Egyptians.
The New Testament says that locusts were a main source of food for John the Baptist while he was living in the desert.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: captive, Egypt, Israel, John (the Baptist), plague)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0697, H1357, H1462, H1501, H2284, H3218, H5556, H6767, G200

loins, waist

Other :: loins, waist

Definition:

The term “loins” refers to the part of the body of an animal or person that is between the lower ribs and the hip bones, also known as the lower abdomen.

The expression “gird up the loins” refers to preparing to work hard. It comes from the custom of tucking the bottom of one’s robe into a belt around the waist in order to move with ease.
The term “loins” is often used in the Bible to refer to the lower back part of an animal that was sacrificed.
In the Bible, the term “loins” often refers figuratively and euphemistically to a man’s reproductive organs as the source of his descendants. (See: euphemism
The expression “will come from your loins” could also be translated as “will be your offspring” or “will be born from your seed” or “God will cause to come from you.” (See: euphemism
When referring to a part of the body, this could also be translated as “abdomen” or “hips” or “waist,” depending on the context.

(See also: descendant, gird, children)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2504, H3409, H3689, H4975, G3751

lots, casting lots

Other :: lots, casting lots

Definition:

In the Bible, a “lot” is a marked object(s) used as a way of making a fair and/or random decision, usually for the purpose of selecting a specific person within a group. “Casting lots” refers to the process of using “lots” to make a fair and/or random decision.

In modern times, some cultures “draw” or “pull out” lots using a bunch of straws. Someone holds the straws so that no one can see how long they are. Each person pulls out a straw and the one who picks the longest (or shortest) straw is the one who is chosen.
In biblical times, the objects cast (the “lots”) were probably small marked stones. It is unknown how the “lots” actually indicated a decision, but it probably involved dropping or throwing marked stones on the ground.
The phrase “casting lots” can be translated as “tossing lots” or “throwing lots” or “rolling lots.” The translation of “cast” should not sound like the lots were being thrown a long distance.
If a decision is made “by lot,” this could be translated as “by casting lots” or “by throwing lots,” etc.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1486, H5307, G2819, G2975

lover

Other :: lover

Definition:

The term “lover” literally means “person who loves.” Usually this refers to people who are in a sexual relationship with each other.

When the term “lover” is used in the Bible, it usually refers to a person who is involved in a sexual relationship with someone he or she is not married to.
This wrong sexual relationship is often used in the Bible to refer to Israel’s disobedience to God in worshiping idols. So the term “lovers” is also used in a figurative way to refer to the idols that the people of Israel worshiped. In these contexts, this term could possibly be translated by “immoral partners” or “partners in adultery” or “idols.” [See Metaphor]
A “lover” of money is someone who puts too much importance on getting money and being rich.
In the Old Testament book Song of Songs, the term “lover” is used in a positive way.

(See also: adultery, false god, false god, love)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H157, H158, H868, H5689, H7453, H8566, G865, G866, G5366, G5367, G5369, G5377

lowly, lowliness

Other :: lowly, lowliness

Definition:

The terms “lowly” and “lowliness” refer to being poor or having low status. Being lowly can also have the meaning of being humble.

Jesus humbled himself to the lowly position of becoming a human being and serving others.
His birth was lowly because he was born in a place where animals were kept, not in a palace.
Having a lowly attitude is the opposite of being proud.
Ways to translate “lowly” could include “humble” or “of low status” or “unimportant.”
The word “lowliness” could also be translated as “humility” or “little importance.”

(See also: humble, proud)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6041, H6819, H8217, G5011, G5012, G5014

lust, lustful, passions, desires

Other :: lust, lustful, passions, desires

Definition:

Lust is a very strong desire, usually in the context of wanting something sinful or immoral. To lust is to have lust.

In the Bible, “lust” usually referred to sexual desire for someone other than one’s own spouse.
Sometimes this term was used in a figurative sense to refer to worshiping idols.
Depending on the context, “lust” could be translated as “wrong desire” or “strong desire” or “wrongful sexual desire” or “strong immoral desire” or to “strongly desire to sin.”
The phrase to “lust after” could be translated as to “wrongly desire” or to “think immorally about” or to “immorally desire.”

(See also: adultery, false god)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H183, H185, H310, H1730, H2181, H2183, H2530, H5178, H5375, H5689, H5691, H5869, H7843, G766, G1937, G1939, G2237, G3715, G3806

lute, lyre

Other :: lute, lyre

Definition:

A lute and a lyre are small, stringed, musical instruments that were used by the Israelites to worship God.

A lyre looks like a small harp, having strings strung across an open frame.
A lute is very similar to a modernday acoustic guitar, having a wooden sound box and an extended neck on which strings are strung.
In playing a lute or a lyre, certain strings are held down with the fingers of one hand while these and other strings are plucked or strummed with the other hand.
The lute, lyre, and harp are all played by strumming or plucking the strings.
The number of strings varied, but the Old Testament specifically mentions instruments that had ten strings.

(See also: harp)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3658, H5035, H5443

magic, magical, magician, who talk with spirits

Other :: magic, magical, magician, who talk with spirits

Definition:

The term “magic” refers to the practice of using supernatural power that does not come from God. A “magician” is someone who practices magic.

In Egypt, when God did miraculous things through Moses, the Egyptian pharaoh’s magicians were able to do some of the same things, but their power did not come from God.
Magic often involves casting spells or repeating certain words in order to make something supernatural happen.
God commands his people to not do any of these practices of magic or divination.
A sorcerer is a type of magician, usually one who uses magic to do harm to others.

(See also: divination, Egypt, Pharaoh, power, sorcery)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2748, H2749, H3049, G3097

magistrate

Other :: magistrate

Definition:

A magistrate is an appointed official who acts as a judge and decides matters of law.

In Bible times, a magistrate also settled disputes between people.
Depending on the context, ways to translate this term could include “ruling judge” or “legal officer” or “city leader.”

(See also: judge, law)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8200, H8614, G758, G4755

manager, steward, stewardship

Other :: manager, steward, stewardship

Definition:

The term “manager” or “steward” in the Bible refers to a servant who was entrusted with taking care of his master’s property and business dealings.

A steward was given a lot of responsibility, which included supervising the work of other servants.
The term “manager” is a more modern term for a steward. Both terms refer to someone who manages practical affairs for someone else.

Translation Suggestions:

This could also be translated as “supervisor” or “household organizer” or “servant who manages” or “person who organizes.”

(See also: servant)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H376, H4453, H5057, H6485, G2012, G3621, G3623

mediator

Other :: mediator

Definition:

A mediator is a person who helps two or more people to resolve their disagreements or conflicts with each other. He helps them to become reconciled.

Because people have sinned, they are God’s enemies who deserve his wrath and punishment. Because of sin, the relationship between God and his people is broken.
Jesus is the mediator between God the Father and his people, restoring that broken relationship through his death as payment for their sin.

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate “mediator” could be “go-between person” or “reconciler” or “person who brings peace.”
Compare this term with how the term “priest” is translated. It is best if the term “mediator” is translated differently.

(See also: priest, reconcile)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3887, G3312, G3316

meditate, meditation

Other :: meditate, meditation

Definition:

“The term meditate” means to spend time thinking about something carefully and deeply.

This term is often used in the Bible to refer to thinking about God and his teachings.
Psalm 1 says that the person who meditates on the law of the Lord “day and night” will be greatly blessed.

Translation Suggestions:

To “meditate on” could be translated as to “think about carefully and deeply” or to “consider thoughtfully” or to “think about often.”
The noun form is “meditation” and could be translated as “deep thoughts.” A phrase like “meditation of my heart” could be translated as “what I think deeply about” or “what I often think about.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1897, H1900, H1902, H7742, H7878, H7879, H7881

meek, meekness

Other :: meek, meekness

Definition:

The term “meek” describes a person who is gentle, submissive, and willing to suffer injustice. Meekness is the ability to be gentle even when harshness or force might seem appropriate.

Meekness is often associated with humility.
This term could also be translated as “gentle” or “mild-mannered” or “sweet-tempered.”
The term “meekness” could be translated as “gentleness” or “humility.”

(See also: humble)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6035, H6037, G4235, G4236, G4239, G4240

melt, melted, molten

Other :: melt, melted, molten

Facts:

The term “melt” refers to something becoming liquid when it is heated. It is also used in figurative ways. Something that is melted is described as being “molten.”

Different kinds of metals are heated until they melt and can be poured into molds in order to make things such as weapons or idols. The expression “molten metal” refers to a metal that is melted.
As a candle burns, its wax melts and drips. In ancient times, letters were often sealed by pouring a small amount of melted wax on the edges.
A figurative use of “melt” means to become soft and weak, like melted wax.
The expression “their hearts will melt” means that they will become very weak because of fear.
Another figurative expression “they will melt away” means that they will be forced to go away or they will be shown to be weak and will go away in defeat.
The literal meaning of “melt” could be translated as “become liquid” or “liquefy” or “cause to become liquid.”
Other ways to translate the figurative meanings of “melt” could include “become soft” or “become weak” or “be defeated.”

(See also: heart, false god, image, seal)

Bible References:

Psalms 112:10

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2046, H3988, H4127, H4529, H4541, H4549, H5140, H5413, H8557, G3089, G5080

member, body parts

Other :: member, body parts

Definition:

The term “member” refers to one part of a complex body or group.

The New Testament describes Christians as “members” of the body of Christ. Believers in Christ belong to a group that is made up of many members.
Jesus Christ is the “head” of the body and individual believers function as the members of the body. The Holy Spirit gives each member of the body a special role to help the entire body to function well.
Individuals who participate in groups such as the Jewish Council and the Pharisees are also called “members” of these groups.

(See also: body, Pharisee, council)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1004, H1121, H3338, H5315, H8212, G1010, G3196, G3609

memorial, memorial offering

Other :: memorial, memorial offering

Definition:

The term “memorial” refers to an action or object that causes someone or something to be remembered.

This word is also used as an adjective to describe something that is to remind them of something, as in a “memorial offering,” a “memorial portion” of a sacrifice or “memorial stones.”
In the Old Testament memorial offerings were made so the Israelites would remember what God had done for them.
God told the Israelite priests to wear special clothing that had memorial stones. These stones had the names of the twelve tribes of Israel engraved on them. These were perhaps to remind them of God’s faithfulness to them.
In the New Testament, God honored a man named Cornelius because of his charitable deeds for the poor. These deeds were said to be a “memorial” before God.

Translation Suggestions:

This could also be translated as “lasting reminder.”
A “memorial stone” could be translated as a “stone to remind them (of something).”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2142, H2146, G3422

messenger

Other :: messenger

Facts:

The term “messenger” refers to someone who is given a message to tell others.

In ancient times, a messenger would be sent from the battlefield to tell people back in the city what was happening.
An angel is a special kind of messenger whom God sends to give people messages. Some translations translate “angel” as “messenger.”
John the Baptist was called a messenger who came before Jesus to announce the Messiah’s coming and to prepare people to receive him.
Jesus’ apostles were his messengers to go share with other people the good news about the kingdom of God.

(See also: angel, apostle, John (the Baptist))

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1319, H4397, H4398, H5046, H5894, H6735, H6737, H7323, H7971, G32, G652

might, mighty, mighty works

Other :: might, mighty, mighty works

Definition:

The terms “mighty” and “might” refer to having great strength or power.

Often the word “might” is another word for “strength.” When talking about God, it can mean “power.”
The phrase “mighty men” often refers to men who are courageous and victorious in battle. David’s band of faithful men who helped protect and defend him were often called “mighty men.”
God is also referred to as the “mighty one.”
The phrase “mighty works” usually refers to the amazing things God does, especially miracles.
This term is related to the term “almighty,” which is a common description for God, meaning that he has complete power.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, the term “mighty” could be translated as “powerful” or “amazing” or “very strong.”
The phrase “his might” could be translated as “his strength” or “his power.”
In Acts 7, Moses is described as a man who was “mighty in word and deed.” This could be translated as “Moses spoke powerful words from God and did miraculous things” or “Moses spoke God’s word powerfully and did many amazing things.”
Depending on the context, “mighty works” could be translated as “amazing things that God does” or “miracles” or “God doing things with power.”
The term “might” could also be translated as “power” or “great strength.”
Do not confuse this term with the English word that is used to express a possibility, as in “It might rain.”

(See also: Almighty, miracle, power, strength)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H46, H47, H117, H202, H386, H410, H430, H533, H650, H1219, H1368, H1369, H1396, H1397, H1419, H2220, H2389, H2428, H3201, H3524, H3581, H3966, H4101, H5794, H5797, H6099, H6105, H6108, H6184, H7227, H7580, H8623, H8624, G1411, G1415, G1498, G2478, G2479, G2900, G2904, G3167, G3173

mind, mindful, remind, reminder, likeminded

Other :: mind, mindful, remind, reminder, likeminded

Definition:

The term “mind” refers to the part of a person that thinks and makes decisions.

The mind of each person is the total of his or her thoughts and reasoning.
To “have the mind of Christ” means to be thinking and acting as Jesus Christ would think and act. It means being obedient to God the Father, obeying the teachings of Christ, being enabled to do this through the power of the Holy Spirit.
To “change his mind” means someone made a different decision or had a different opinion than he had previously.

Translation Suggestions

The term “mind” could also be translated as “thoughts” or “reasoning” or “thinking” or “understanding.”
The expression “keep in mind” could be translated as “remember” or “pay attention to this” or “be sure to know this.”
The expression “heart, soul, and mind” could also be translated as “what you feel, what you believe, and what you think about.”
The expression “call to mind” could be translated as “remember” or “think about.”
The expression “changed his mind and went” could also be translated as “decided differently and went” or “decided to go after all” or “changed his opinion and went.”
The expression “double-minded” could also be translated as “doubting” or “unable to decide” or “with conflicting thoughts.”

(See also: believe, heart, soul)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3629, H3820, H3824, H5162, H7725, G1271, G1374, G3328, G3525, G3540, G3563, G4993, G5590

mold, moldy

Other :: mold, moldy

Definition:

A mold is a hollowed-out piece of wood, metal, or clay that is used to form objects out of gold, silver, or other materials that can be softened and then shaped by the mold.

Molds were used to make jewelry, dishes, and utensils for eating, among other things.
In the Bible, molds are mentioned mainly in connection with molding statues to be used as idols.
Metals have to be heated to a very high temperature so that they can be poured into the mold.
To mold something means to form an object into a certain shape or likeness by using a mold or the hands to form a certain shape.

Translation Suggestions

This term could also be translated as, to “form” or to “shape” or to “make.”
The word “molded” could be translated as “shaped” or “formed.”
The object “mold” could possibly be translated with a phrase or word that means “shaped container” or “sculpted dish.”

(See also: false god, gold, false god, silver)

Bible References:

Exodus 32:4

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4541, H4165, G4110, G4111

month, monthly

Other :: month, monthly

Definition:

The term “month” refers to a period of time lasting about four weeks. The number of days in each month varies depending on whether a lunar or solar calendar is used.

In the lunar calendar, the length of each month is based on the amount of time it takes for the moon to go around the earth, about twenty-nine days. In this system there are twelve or thirteen months in a year. Despite the year being twelve or thirteen months, the first month is always called the same name even though it may be a different season.
The “new moon,” or beginning phase of the moon with its sliver of light, marks the beginning of each month in the lunar calendar.
All the names of months referred to in the Bible are those of the lunar calendar since this was the system used by the Israelites. Modern Jews still use this calendar for religious purposes.
The modern-day solar calendar is based on how long it takes the earth to go around the sun (about 365 days). In this system, the year is always divided up into twelve months, with the length of each month ranging from twenty-eight to thirty-one days.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2320, H3391, H3393, G3376

mourn, mourner, weeping

Other :: mourn, mourner, weeping

Facts:

The terms “mourn” and “mourning” refer to expressing deep grief, usually in response to the death of someone.

In many cultures, mourning includes specific outward behaviors that show this sadness and grief.
The Israelites and other people groups in ancient times expressed mourning through loud wailing and lamenting. They also wore rough clothing made of sackcloth and put ashes on themselves.
Hired mourners, usually women, would loudly weep and wail from the time of death until well after the body was put in the tomb.
The typical period of mourning was seven days, but could last as long as thirty days (as for Moses and Aaron) or seventy days (as for Jacob).
The Bible also uses the term figuratively to talk about “mourning” because of sin. This refers to feeling deeply grieved because sin hurts God and people.

(See also: sackcloth, sin)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H56, H57, H60, H205, H578, H584, H585, H1058, H1065, H1068, H1671, H1897, H1899, H4553, H4798, H5092, H5098, H5110, H5594, H6937, H6941, H8386, G2354, G2875, G3602, G3996, G3997

multiply, multiplied, multiplication

Other :: multiply, multiplied, multiplication

Definition:

The term “multiply” means to greatly increase in number. It can also mean to cause something to increase in amount, such as causing pain to multiply.

God told animals and human beings to “multiply” and fill the earth. This was a command to reproduce many more of their own kind.
Jesus made the bread and fish multiply in order to feed the 5,000 people. The amount of food kept increasing so that there was more than enough food to feed everyone.
Depending on the context, this term could also be translated as “increase” or “cause to increase” or “greatly increase in number” or “become greater in number” or “become more numerous.”
The phrase “greatly multiply your pain” could also be translated as “cause your pain to become more severe” or “cause you to experience much more pain.”
To “multiply horses” means to “greedily keep acquiring more horses” or to “get large numbers of horses.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3254, H3527, H6280, H7231, H7233, H7235, H7680, G4052, G4129

mystery, hidden truth

Other :: mystery, hidden truth

Definition:

In the Bible, the term “mystery” refers to something unknown or difficult to understand that God is now explaining.

The New Testament states that the gospel of Christ was a mystery that was not known in past ages.
One of the specific points described as a mystery is that Jews and Gentiles would be equal in Christ.
This term could also be translated as “secret” or “hidden things” or “something unknown.”

(See also: Christ, Gentile, good news, Jew, true)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1219, H7328, G3466

nation

Other :: nation

Definition:

A nation is a large group of people ruled by some form of government. The people of a nation often have the same ancestors and share a common ethnicity.

A “nation” usually has a well-defined culture and territorial boundaries.
In the Bible, a “nation” could be a country (like Egypt or Ethiopia), but often it is more general and refers to a people group, especially when used in the plural. It is important to check the context.
Nations in the Bible included the Israelites, the Philistines, the Assyrians, the Babylonians, the Canaanites, the Romans, and the Greeks, among many others.
Sometimes the word “nation” was used figuratively to refer to the ancestor of a certain people group, as when Rebekah was told by God that her unborn sons were “nations” that would fight against each other. This could be translated as “the founders of two nations” or the “ancestors of two people groups.”
The word translated as “nation” was also sometimes used to refer to “Gentiles” or to people who do not worship Yahweh. The context usually makes the meaning clear.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, the word “nation” could also be translated as “people group” or “people” or “country.”
If a language has a term for “nation” that is distinct from these other terms, then that term can be used wherever it occurs in the Bible text, as long as it is natural and accurate in each context.
The plural term “nations” can often be translated as “people groups.”
In certain contexts, this term could also be translated as “Gentiles” or “nonJews.”

(See also: Assyria, Babylon, Canaan, Gentile, Greek, people group, Philistines, Rome)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0523, H0524, H0776, H1471, H3816, H4940, H5971, G246, G1074, G1085, G1484

neighbor, neighborhood, neighboring

Other :: neighbor, neighborhood, neighboring

Definition:

The term “neighbor” usually refers to a person who lives nearby. It can also refer more generally to someone who lives in the same community or people group.

A “neighbor” is someone who would be protected and treated kindly because he is part of the same community.
In the New Testament parable of the Good Samaritan, Jesus used the term “neighbor” figuratively, expanding its meaning to include all human beings, even someone who is considered an enemy.
If possible, it is best to translate this term literally with a word or phrase that means “person who lives nearby.”

(See also: adversary, parable, people group, Samaria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5997, H7138, H7453, H7468, H7934, G1069, G2087, G4040, G4139

new moon

Other :: new moon

Definition:

The term “new moon” refers to the moon when it looks like a small, crescent-shaped sliver of light. This is the beginning phase of the moon as it moves in its orbit around the planet Earth at sunset. It also refers to the first day a new moon should be visible after the moon has been dark for a few days.

In ancient times, new moons marked the beginnings of certain time periods, such as months.
The Israelites celebrated a new moon festival that was marked by the blowing of a ram’s horn.
The Bible also refers to this time as the “beginning of the month.”

(See also: month, earth, festival, horn, sheep)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2320, G3376, G3561

noble, nobleman, royal official

Other :: noble, nobleman, royal official

Definition:

The term “noble” refers to something that is excellent and of high quality. A “nobleman” is a person who belongs to a high political or social class. A man “of noble birth” is one who was born a nobleman.

A nobleman was often an officer of the state, a close servant to the king.
The term “nobleman” could also be translated by, “king’s official” or “government officer.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H117, H1419, H2715, H3358, H3513, H5057, H5081, H6440, H6579, H7261, H8282, H8269, G937, G2104

oak

Other :: oak

Definition:

An oak, or oak tree, is a tall shade tree with a large trunk and wide spreading branches.

Oak trees have strong, hard wood that was used to build ships and to make farming plows, oxen yokes and walking sticks.
The seed of an oak tree is called an acorn.
The trunks of certain oak trees could bemeasured up to 6 meters around.
Oak trees were symbolic of long life and had other spiritual meanings. In the Bible, they were often associated with holy places.

Translation Suggestions:

Many translations will find it important to use the term “oak tree” rather than just the word “oak.”
If oak trees are not known in the receptor area, “an oak” could be translated as “an oak, which is a large shade tree like…,” then give the name of a local tree that has similar characteristics.

(See: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: holy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H352, H424, H427, H436, H437, H438

oath, swear, swearing, swear by

Other :: oath, swear, swearing, swear by

Definition:

The term “oath” in the Bible refers to a formal promise, usually made in a legal or religious context, in which the person making the oath accepts some kind of accountability or punishment if he does not fulfill his promise. In the Bible, the term “swear” means to make an oath.

In a court of law, a witness often gives an oath to promise that whatever he says will be true and factual.
In modern times, one meaning of the word “swear” is to use foul or vulgar language. This is never its meaning in the Bible.
The term “swear by” means to use the name of something or someone as the basis or power on which the oath is made.
Abraham and Abimelech swore an oath when they made a covenant together concerning the use of a well.
Abraham told his servant to swear (formally promise) that he would find Isaac a wife from among Abraham’s relatives.
God also made oaths in which he made promises to his people.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, “an oath” could also be translated as “a pledge” or “a solemn promise.”
To “swear” could be translated as to “formally promise” or to “pledge” or to “commit to do something.”
Other ways to translate “swear by my name” could include “make a promise using my name to confirm it.”
To “swear by heaven and earth” could be translated as to, “promise to do something, stating that heaven and earth will confirm it.”
Make sure the translation of “swear” or “oath” does not refer to cursing. In the Bible it does not have that meaning.

(See also: Abimelech, covenant, vow)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H422, H423, H3027, H5375, H7621, H7650, G332, G3660, G3727, G3728

oil

Other :: oil

Definition:

Oil is a thick, clear liquid that can be taken from certain plants. In Bible times, oil usually came from olives.

Olive oil was used for cooking, anointing, sacrifice, lamps, and medicine.
In ancient times, olive oil was highly prized, and the possession of oil was considered a measurement of wealth.
Make sure the translation of this term refers to the kind of oil that can be used in cooking, not motor oil. Some languages have different words for these different kinds of oil.

(See also: olive, sacrifice)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2091, H3323, H4887, H6671, H7246, H8081, G1637, G3464

olive

Other :: olive

Definition:

The olive is the small, oval fruit from an olive tree, which is mostly grown in the regions surrounding the Mediterranean Sea.

Olive trees are a type of large evergreen shrub with tiny white flowers. They grow best in hot weather and can survive well with little water.
The olive tree’s fruit starts out green and changes to black as they ripen. Olives were useful for food and for the oil that could be extracted from them.
Olive oil was used for cooking in lamps and for religious ceremonies.
In the Bible, olive trees and branches are sometimes used figuratively to refer to people.

(See also: lamp, the sea, Mount of Olives)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2132, H3323, H8081, G65, G1636, G1637, G2565

on high, in the highest

Other :: on high, in the highest

Definition:

The terms “on high” and “in the highest” are expressions that usually mean “in heaven.”

Another meaning for the expression “in the highest” could be “the most honored.”
This expression could also be used literally, as in the expression “in the highest tree,” which means “in the tallest tree.”
The expression “on high” could also refer to being high in the sky, such as a bird’s nest that is on high. In that context it could be translated as “high in the sky” or “at the top of a tall tree.”
The word “high” could also indicate the elevated location or importance of a person or thing.
The expression “from on high” could be translated as “from heaven.”

(See also: heaven, honor)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1361, H4605, H4791, H7682, G1722, G5308, G5310, G5311

oppress, oppressed, oppression, oppressor, dominate

Other :: oppress, oppressed, oppression, oppressor, dominate

Definition:

The terms “oppress” and “oppression” refer to treating people harshly. An “oppressor” is a person who oppresses people.

The term “oppression” especially refers to a situation where people of greater strength mistreat or enslave people who are under their power or rule.
The term “oppressed” describes the people who are being harshly treated.
Often enemy nations and their rulers were oppressors to the people of Israel.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, “oppress” could be translated as “severely mistreat” or “cause to be heavily burdened” or “put under miserable bondage” or “rule harshly.”
Ways to translate “oppression” could include “heavy suppression and bondage” or “burdensome control.”
The phrase “the oppressed” could be translated as “oppressed people” or “people in terrible bondage” or “those who are treated harshly.”
The term “oppressor” could be translated as “person who oppresses” or “nation who controls and rules harshly” or “persecutor.”

(See also: bind, enslave, persecute)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1790, H1792, H2541, H2555, H3238, H3905, H3906, H4642, H5065, H6031, H6125, H6184, H6206, H6216, H6217, H6231, H6233, H6234, H6693, H7429, H7533, H7701, G2616, G2669

ordain, ordained, ordination, planned long ago, set up, prepared

Other :: ordain, ordained, ordination, planned long ago, set up, prepared

Definition:

To ordain means to formally appoint a person for a special task or role. It also means to formally make a rule or decree.

The term “ordain” often refers to formally appointing somebody as a priest, minister, or rabbi.
For example, God ordained Aaron and his descendants to be priests.
It can also mean to institute or establish something, such as a religious feast or covenant.
Depending on the context, to “ordain” could be translated as to “assign” or to “appoint” or to “command” or to “make a rule” or to “institute.”

(See also: command, covenant, decree, law, law, priest)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3245, H4390, H6186, H6213, H6680, H7760, H8239, G1299, G2525, G4270, G4282

ordinance, regulations, requirements, strict law, customs

Other :: ordinance, regulations, requirements, strict law, customs

Definition:

An ordinance is a public regulation or law that gives rules or instructions for people to follow. This term is related to the term “ordain.”

Sometimes an ordinance is a custom that has become well established through years of practice.
In the Bible, an ordinance was something that God commanded the Israelites to do. Sometimes he commanded them to do it forever.
The term “ordinance” could be translated as “public decree” or “regulation” or “law,” depending on the context.

(See also: command, decree, law, ordain, statute)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2706, H4687, H4931, H4941

oversee, overseer, keeper

Other :: oversee, overseer, keeper

Definition:

The term “overseer” refers to a person who is in charge of the work and welfare of other people. In the Bible, often the term “keeper” means “overseer.”

In the Old Testament, an overseer had the job of making sure the workers under him did their work well.
In the New Testament, this term is used to describe leaders of the early Christian church. Their work was to take care of the spiritual needs of the church, making sure the believers received accurate biblical teaching.
Paul refers to an overseer as being like a shepherd who takes care of the believers in a local church, who are his “flock.”
The overseer, like a shepherd, keeps watch over the flock. He guards and protects the believers from false spiritual teaching and other evil influences.
In the New Testament, the terms “overseers,” “elders,” and “shepherds/pastors” are different ways of referring to the same spiritual leaders.

Translation Suggestions

Other ways to translate this term could be “supervisor” or “caretaker” or “manager.”
When referring to a leader of a local group of God’s people, this term could be translated with a word or phrase that means “spiritual supervisor” or “someone who takes care of the spiritual needs of a group of believers” or “person who oversees the spiritual needs of the Church.”

(See also: church, elder, pastor, shepherd)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5329, H6485, H6496, H7860, H8104, G1983, G1984, G1985

overtake

Other :: overtake

Definition:

The term “overtake” and “overtook” refer to gaining control over someone or something. It usually includes the idea of catching up to something after pursuing it.

When military troops “overtake” an enemy, it means they defeat that enemy in battle.
When a predator overtakes its prey, it means that it pursues and catches its prey.
If a curse “overtakes” someone, it means that whatever was said in that curse happens to the person
If blessings “overtake” people, it means that those people experience those blessings.
Depending on the context, “overtake” could be translated as “conquer” or “capture” or “defeat” or “catch up to” or “completely affect.”
The past action “overtook” can be translated as “caught up to” or “came alongside of” or “conquered” or “defeated” or “caused harm to.”
When used in a warning that darkness or punishment or terrors will overtake people because of their sin, it means that those people will experience these negative things if they don’t repent.
The phrase “My words have overtaken your fathers” means that the teachings that Yahweh gave to their ancestors will now cause the ancestors to receive punishment because they failed to obey those teachings.

(See also: bless, curse, prey, punish)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H579, H935, H1692, H4672, H5066, H5381, G2638, G2983

pagan

Other :: pagan

Definition:

In Bible times, the term “pagan” was used to describe people who worshiped false gods instead of Yahweh.

Anything associated with these people, such as the altars where they worshiped, the religious rituals they performed, and their beliefs, were also called “pagan.”
Pagan belief systems often included the worship of false gods and the worship of nature.
Some pagan religions included sexually immoral rituals or the killing of human beings as part of their worship.

(See also: altar, false god, sacrifice, worship, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1471, G1484

palace, house

Other :: palace, house

Definition:

The term “palace” refers to the building or house where a king lived, along with his family members and servants.

The high priest also lived in a palace complex, as mentioned in the New Testament.
Palaces were very ornate, with beautiful architecture and furnishings.
The buildings and furnishings of a palace were constructed of stone or wood, and often were overlaid with expensive wood, gold, or ivory.
Many other people also lived and worked in the palace complex, which usually included several buildings and courtyards.

(See also: courtyard, high priest, king)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H759, H1002, H1004, H1055, H1406, H1964, H1965, G833, G933, G4232

palm

Other :: palm

Definition:

The term “palm” refers to a type of tall tree with long, flexible, leafy branches extending from the top in a fan-like pattern.

The palm tree in the Bible usually refers to a type of palm tree that produces a fruit called a “date.” The leaves have a feather-like pattern.
Palm trees typically grow in places that have a hot, humid climate. Their leaves stay green all year long.
As Jesus was entering Jerusalem riding on a donkey, the people laid palm branches on the ground in front of him.
Palm branches signified peace and the celebration of a victory.

(See also: donkey, Jerusalem, peace)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3712, H8558, H8560, H8561, G5404

partial, partiality

Other :: partial, partiality

Definition:

The terms “be partial” and “show partiality” refer to making a choice to treat certain people as more important than other people.

This is similar to showing favoritism, which means to treat some people better than others.
Usually partiality or favoritism is shown to people because they are more rich or more popular than other people.
The Bible instructs his people to not show partiality or favoritism to people who are rich or of high status.
In his letter to the Romans, Paul teaches that God judges people fairly and with no partiality.
The book of James teaches that it is wrong to give someone a better seat or better treatment because they are rich.

(See also: favor)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5234, H6440, G991, G1519, G2983, G4299, G4383

patient, patience, impatient

Other :: patient, patience, impatient

Definition:

The terms “patient” and “patience” refer to persevering through difficult circumstances. Often patience involves waiting.

When people are patient with someone, it means they are loving that person and forgiving whatever faults that person has.
The Bible teaches God’s people to be patient when facing difficulties and to be patient with each other.
Because of his mercy, God is patient with people, even though they are sinners who deserve to be punished.

(See also: endure, forgive, persevere)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H750, H753, H2342, H3811, H6960, H7114, G420, G463, G1933, G3114, G3115, G3116, G5278, G5281

patriarch

Other :: patriarch

Definition:

The term “patriarch” in the Bible refers to someone who was a founding ancestor of the Jewish people, particularly Abraham, Isaac, or Jacob.

It also can refer to the twelve sons of Jacob who became the twelve patriarchs of the twelve tribes of Israel.
The term “patriarch” has a similar meaning to “forefather,” but more specifically refers to the most well-known male ancestral leaders of a people group.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1, H7218, G3966

peace offering

Other :: peace offering

Facts:

A “peace offering” was one of several sacrificial offerings that God commanded the Israelites to make. It is sometimes called the “thanksgiving offering” or “fellowship offering.”

This offering involved sacrificing an animal that had no defects, sprinkling the animal’s blood on the altar, and burning the animal’s fat, as well as the rest of the animal separately.
Added to this sacrifice was an offering of both unleavened and leavened bread, which was burned on top of the burnt offering.
The priest and one who offered the sacrifice were permitted to share in eating the food that was offered.
This offering symbolizes the fellowship of God with his people.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8002

perfect, complete

Other :: perfect, complete

Definition:

In the New Testament, the term “perfect” means to be mature in our Christian life. To perfect something means to work at it until it is excellent and without flaws. Old Testament sacrifices needed to be “perfect” or “complete,” that is, without blemish.

Being perfect and mature means that a Christian is obedient, not sinless.
The term “perfect” also has the meaning of being “complete” or “whole.”
The New Testament book of James states that persevering through trials will produce completeness and maturity in the believer.
When Christians study the Bible and obey it, they will become more spiritually perfect and mature because they will be more like Christ in their character.

Translation Suggestions:

This term could be translated as “without flaw” or “without error” or “flawless” or “without fault” or “not having any faults.”

(See also: blemish)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3632, H3634, H4359, H8003, H8503, H8537, H8549, H8552, G199, G2675, G2676, G3647, G5046, G5047, G5048, G5050

persevere, perseverance

Other :: persevere, perseverance

Definition:

The terms “persevere” and “perseverance” refer to continuing to do something even though it may be very difficult or take a long time.

To persevere can also mean to keep acting in a Christ-like way even while going through difficult trials or circumstances.
If a person has “perseverance” it means he is able to keep doing what he should do, even when it is painful or difficult.
Continuing to believe what God teaches requires perseverance, especially when faced with false teachings.
Be careful not to use a word like “stubborn” which usually has a negative meaning.

(See also: patient, trial)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3115, G4343, G5281

perverse, perversion, pervert, depraved, malicious, devious, dishonest, distortion

Other :: perverse, perversion, pervert, depraved, malicious, devious, dishonest, distortion

Definition:

The term “perverse” is used to describe a person or action that is morally crooked or twisted. The term “perversely” means “in a perverse manner.” To “pervert” something means to twist it or turn it away from what is right or good.

Someone or something that is perverse has deviated from what is good and right.
In the Bible, the Israelites acted perversely when they disobeyed God. They often did this by worshiping false gods.
Any action which is against God’s standards or behavior is considered perverse.
Ways to translate “perverse” could include “morally twisted” or “immoral” or “turning away from God’s straight path,” depending on the context.
“Perverse speech” could be translated as “speaking in an evil way” or “deceitful talk” or “immoral way of talking.”
“Perverse people” could be described as “immoral people” or “people who are morally deviant” or “people who continually disobey God.”
The phrase “acting perversely” could be translated as “behaving in an evil way” or “doing things against God’s commands” or “living in a way that rejects God’s teachings.”
The term “pervert” could also be translated as “cause to be corrupt” or “turn into something evil.”

(See also: corrupt, deceive, disobey, evil, turn)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1942, H2015, H3868, H4297, H5186, H5557, H5558, H5753, H5766, H5773, H5791, H6140, H6141, H8138, H8397, H8419, G1294

pierce, pierced

Other :: pierce, pierced

Definition:

The term “pierce” means to stab something with a sharp, pointed object. It is also used figuratively to refer to causing someone deep emotional pain.

A soldier pierced Jesus’ side when he was hanging on the cross.
In Bible times, a slave who was set free would have his ear pierced as a sign that he was choosing to continue working for his master.
Simeon spoke figuratively when he told Mary that a sword would pierce her heart, meaning that she would experience deep grief because of what would happen to her son Jesus.

(See also: cross, Jesus, servant, Simeon)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H935, H1856, H2342, H2490, H2491, H2944, H3738, H4272, H5181, H5344, H5365, H6398, G1330, G1338, G1574, G2660, G3572, G4044

pig, pork, swine

Other :: pig, pork, swine

Definition:

A pig is a type of four-legged, hoofed animal that is raised for meat. Its meat is called “pork.” The general term for pigs and related animals is “swine.”

God told the Israelites not to eat pig meat and to consider it unclean. Jews today still view pigs as unclean and do not eat pork.
Pigs are raised on farms to be sold to other people for their meat.
There is a kind of swine that is not raised on farms but rather lives out in the wild; it is called a “wild boar.” Wild boars have tusks and are considered to be very dangerous animals.
Sometimes large pigs are referred to as “hogs.”

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: clean)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2386, G5519

pit, pitfall, trenches

Other :: pit, pitfall, trenches

Definition:

A pit is a deep hole that has been dug in the ground.

People dig pits for the purpose of trapping animals or finding water.
A pit can also be used as a temporary place to hold a prisoner.
Sometimes the phrase “the pit” refers to the grave or to hell. Other times it may refer to “the abyss.”
A very deep pit can also be called a “cistern.”
The term “pit” is also used figuratively in phrases such as, “pit of destruction” which describes being trapped in a disastrous situation or being deeply involved in sinful, destructive practices.

(See also: abyss, hell, prison)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H875, H953, H1356, H1475, H2352, H4087, H4113, H4379, H6354, H7585, H7745, H7816, H7825, H7845, H7882, G12, G999, G5421

plague

Other :: plague

Definition:

Plagues are events which cause suffering or death to a large number of people. Often a plague is a disease that spreads quickly and causes many people to die before it can be stopped.

Many plagues have natural causes, but some were sent by God to punish people for sin.
In the time of Moses, God sent ten plagues against Egypt to force Pharaoh to let Israel leave Egypt. These plagues included water turning into blood, physical diseases, destruction of crops by insects and hail, three days of complete darkness, and death of the firstborn sons.
This could also be translated as “widespread disasters” or “widespread disease,” depending on the context.

(See also: hail, Israel, Moses, Pharaoh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1698, H4046, H4194, H4347, H5061, H5062, H5063, G3061, G4127

plant, planted, implanted, replanted, transplanted, sow

Other :: plant, planted, implanted, replanted, transplanted, sow

Definition:

A “plant” is generally something that grows and is attached to the ground. To “sow” means to put seeds in the ground in order to grow plants. A “sower” is a person who sows or plants seeds.

The method of sowing or planting varies, but one method is to take handfuls of seeds and scatter them on the ground.
Another method for planting seeds is to make holes in the soil and place seeds in each hole.
The term “sow” can be used figuratively, as in “a person will reap what he sows.” This means that if a person does something evil, he will receive a negative result, a if a person does good, he will receive a positive result.

Translations Suggestions

The term to “sow” could also be translated as to “plant.” Make sure the word used to translate this can include planting seeds.
Other ways to translate “sower” could include “planter” or “farmer” or “person who plants seeds.”
In English, “sow” is only used for planting seeds, but the English word “plant” can be used for planting seeds as well as larger things, such as trees. Other languages may also use different words, depending on what is being planted.
The expression “a person reaps what he sows” could also be translated as “just like a certain kind of seed produces a certain kind of plant, in the same way a person’s good actions will bring a good result and a person’s evil actions will bring an evil result.”

(See also: evil, good, harvest)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2221, H2232, H2233, H2236, H4218, H4302, H5193, H7971, H8362, G4687, G4703, G5452

plea, plead, please, beg, implore

Other :: plea, plead, please, beg, implore

Facts:

The terms “plead” and “pleading” refer to urgently asking someone to do something. A “plea” is an urgent request.

Pleading often implies that the person feels in very great need or strongly desires help.
People can plead or make an urgent appeal to God for mercy or to ask him to grant something, either for themselves or someone else.
Other ways to translate this could include “beg” or “implore” or “urgently ask.”
The term “plea” could also be translated as “urgent request” or “strong urging.”
Make sure it is clear in the context that this term does not refer to begging for money.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1777, H2603, H3198, H4941, H4994, H6279, H6293, H6664, H6419, H7378, H7379, H7775, H8199, H8467, H8469, G1189, G1793, G2065, G3870

pledge, pledged

Other :: pledge, pledged

Definition:

The term “pledge” refers to formally and solemnly promising to do something or give something.

In the Old Testament the officials of Israel pledged to be loyal to King David.
The object given as a pledge would be returned to its owner when the promise was fulfilled.
To “pledge” could be translate as to “formally commit to” or to “strongly promise.”
The term “pledge” can also refer to an object given as a guarantee or promise that a debt will be paid.
Ways to translate “a pledge” could include “a solemn promise” or “a formal commitment” or “a guarantee” or “a formal assurance,” depending on the context.

(See also: promise, oath, vow)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H781, H2254, H2258, H5667, H5671, H6148, H6161, H6162

plow, plowed, plowers, plowman, plowshares, unplowed

Other :: plow, plowed, plowers, plowman, plowshares, unplowed

Definition:

A “plow” is a farm tool that is used for breaking up soil to prepare a field for planting.

Plows have sharp, pointed prongs that dig into the soil. They usually have handles that the farmer uses to guide the plow.
In Bible times, plows were usually pulled by a pair of oxen or other work animals.
Most plows were made of hard wood, except for the sharp points which were made of a metal, such as bronze or iron.

(See also: bronze, ox)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H406, H855, H2758, H2790, H5215, H5647, H5656, H5674, H6213, H6398, G722, G723

pomegranate

Other :: pomegranate

Facts:

A pomegranate is a kind of fruit that has a thick, tough skin filled with many seeds that are covered with edible red pulp.

The outer rind is reddish in color and the pulp surrounding the seeds is shiny and red.
Pomegranates are very commonly grown in countries with a hot, dry climate, such as Egypt and Israel.
Yahweh promised the Israelites that Canaan was a land with abundant water and fertile soil so that food was plentiful there, including pomegranates.
The construction of Solomon’s temple included bronze decorations in the shape of pomegranates.

(See also: bronze, Canaan, Egypt, Solomon, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7416

possess, possessed, possession, dispossess

Other :: possess, possessed, possession, dispossess

Facts:

The terms “possess” and “possession” usually refer to owning something. They can also mean to gain control over something or occupy an area of land.

In the Old Testament, this term is often used in the context of “possessing” or “taking possession of” an area of land.
When Yahweh commanded the Israelites to “possess” the land of Canaan, it meant that they should go into the land and live there. This involved first conquering the Canaanite peoples who were living on that land.
Yahweh told the Israelites that he had given them the land of Canaan as “their possession.” This could also be translated as “their rightful place to live.”
The people of Israel were also called Yahweh’s “special possession.” This means that they belonged to him as his people whom he had specifically called to worship and serve him.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “possess” could also be translated as “own” or “have” or “have charge over.”
The phrase “take possession of” could be translated as “take control of” or “occupy” or “live on,” depending on the context.
When referring to things that people own, “possessions” could be translated as “belongings” or “property” or “owned things” or “things they owned.”
When Yahweh calls the Israelites, “my special possession” this could also be translated as “my special people” or “people who belong to me” or “my people whom I love and rule.”
The sentence, “they will become their possession” when referring to land, means “they will occupy the land” or “the land will belong to them.”
The expression, “found in his possession” could be translated as “that he was holding” or “that he had with him.”
The phrase “as your possession” could also be translated as “as something that belongs to you” or “as a place where your people will live.”
The phrase, “in his possession” could be translated as “that he owned” or “which belonged to him.”

(See also: Canaan, worship, inherit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H270, H272, H834, H2505, H2631, H3027, H3423, H3424, H3425, H3426, H4180, H4181, H4672, H4735, H4736, H5157, H5159, H5459, H7069, G1139, G2192, G2697, G2722, G2932, G2933, G2935, G4047, G5224, G5564

precious, valuable, expensive, fine

Other :: precious, valuable, expensive, fine

Facts:

The term “precious” describes people or things that are considered to be very valuable.

The term “precious stones” or “precious jewels” refers to rocks and minerals that are colorful or have other qualities that make them beautiful or useful.
Examples of precious stones include diamonds, rubies, and emeralds.
Gold and silver are called “precious metals.”
Yahweh says that his people are “precious” in his sight (Isaiah 43:4).
Peter wrote that a gentle and quiet spirit is precious in God’s sight (1 Peter 3:4).
This term could also be translated as “valuable” or “very dear” or “cherished” or “highly valued.”

(See also: gold, silver)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0068, H1431, H2532, H2667, H2896, H3357, H3365, H3366, H3368, H4022, H4030, H4261, H4262, H5238, H8443, G927, G1784, G2472, G4185, G4186, G5092, G5093

prey, prey on

Other :: prey, prey on

Definition:

The term “prey” refers to something that is hunted, usually an animal that is used for food.

In a figurative sense, “prey” can refer to a person who is taken advantage of, abused, or oppressed by a more powerful person.
To “prey on” people means to take advantage of them by oppressing them or stealing something from them.
The term “prey” could also be translated as “hunted animal” or “hunted one” or “victim.”

(See also: oppress)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H400, H957, H962, H2963, H2964, H5706, H5861, H7997, H7998

prince, princess, governors, provincial governors, officials, noblemen, nobility

Other :: prince, princess, governors, provincial governors, officials, noblemen, nobility

Definition:

A “prince” is the son of a king. A “princess” is a daughter of a king.

The term “prince” is often used figuratively to refer to a leader, ruler, or other powerful person.
Because of Abraham’s wealth and importance, he was referred to as a “prince” by the Hittites he was living among.
In the book of Daniel, the term “prince” is used in the expressions “prince of Persia” and “prince of Greece,” which in those contexts probably refer to powerful evil spirits who had authority over those regions.
The archangel Michael is also referred to as a “prince” in the book of Daniel.
Sometimes in the Bible Satan is referred to as “the prince of this world.”
Jesus is called the “Prince of Peace” and the “Prince of Life.”
In Acts 2:36, Jesus is referred to as “Lord and Christ” and in Acts 5:31 he is referred to as “Prince and Savior,” showing the parallel meaning of “Lord” and “Prince.”

Translation Suggestions:

Ways to translate “prince” could include, “king’s son” or “ruler” or “leader” or “chieftain” or “captain.”
When referring to angels, this could also be translated as “spirit ruler” or “leading angel.”
When referring to Satan or other evil spirits, this term could also be translated as “evil spirit ruler” or “powerful spirit leader” or “ruling spirit,” depending on the context.

(See also: angel, authority, Christ, demon, lord, power, ruler, Satan, Savior, spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1, H117, H324, H2831, H3548, H4502, H5057, H5081, H5139, H5257, H5387, H5633, H5993, H6579, H7261, H7333, H7786, H8269, H8282, H8323, G747, G758, G1413, G3175

prison, prisoner, imprison

Other :: prison, prisoner, imprison

Definition:

The term “prison” refers to a place where criminals are kept as a punishment for their crimes. A “prisoner” is someone who has been put in the prison.

A person may be kept in a prison while waiting to be judged in a trial.
The term “imprisoned” means “kept in a prison” or “kept in captivity.”
Many prophets and other servants of God were put in prison even though they had not done anything wrong.

Translation Suggestions:

Another word for “prison” is “jail.”
This term could also be translated as “dungeon” in contexts where the prison is probably underground or beneath the main part of a palace or other building.
The term “prisoners” can also refer in general to people who have been captured by an enemy and kept somewhere against their will. Another way to translate this meaning would be “captives.”
Other ways to translate “imprisoned” could be, “kept as a prisoner” or “kept in captivity” or “held captive.”

(See also: captive)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H612, H613, H615, H616, H631, H1004, H1540, H3608, H3628, H3947, H4115, H4307, H4455, H4525, H4929, H5470, H6495, H7617, H7622, H7628, G1198, G1199, G1200, G1201, G1202, G1210, G2252, G3612, G4788, G4869, G5084, G5438, G5439

profane, profaned

Other :: profane, profaned

Definition:

To profane something means to act in a way that defiles, pollutes, or disrespects something that is holy.

A profane person is one who acts in a way that is unholy and dishonoring of God.
The verb to “profane” could be translated as to “treat as unholy” or to “be irreverent toward” or to “dishonor.”
God told the Israelites that they “profaned” themselves with idols, meaning that the people were making themselves “unclean” or “dishonored” by this sin. They were also dishonoring God.
Depending on the context, the adjective “profane” could be translated as “dishonoring” or “godless” or “unholy.”

(See also: defile, holy, clean)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2455, H2490, H2491, H5234, H8610, G952, G953

profit, profitable, unprofitable

Other :: profit, profitable, unprofitable

Definition:

In general, the terms “profit” and “profitable” refer to gaining something good through doing certain actions or behaviors.

Something is “profitable” to someone if it brings them good things or if it helps them bring about good things for other people.

More specifically, the term “profit” often refers to money that is gained from doing business. A business is “profitable” if it gains more money than it spends.
Actions are profitable if they bring about good things for people.
2 Timothy 3:16 says that all Scripture is “profitable” for correcting and training people in righteousness. This means that the Bible’s teachings are helpful and useful for teaching people to live according to God’s will.

The term “unprofitable” means to not be useful.

It literally means to not profit anything or to not help someone gain anything.
Something that is unprofitable is not worth doing because it does not give any benefit.
This could be translated as “useless” or “worthless” or “not useful” or “unworthy” or “not beneficial” or “giving no benefit.”

(See also: worthy)

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, the term “profit” could also be translated as “benefit” or “help” or “gain.”
The term “profitable” could be translated as “useful” or “beneficial” or “helpful.”
To “profit from” something could be translated as “benefit from” or “gain money from” or “receive help from.”
In the context of a business, “profit” could be translated with a word or phrase that means “money gained” or “surplus of money” or “extra money.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1215, H3148, H3276, H3504, H4195, H4768, H5532, H7737, H7939, G147, G255, G512, G888, G889, G890, G1281, G2585, G2770, G2771, G3408, G4297, G4298, G4851, G5539, G5622, G5623, G5624

prosper, prosperity, prosperous

Other :: prosper, prosperity, prosperous

Definition:

The term “prosper” generally refers to living well, whether it be physically, morally, emotionally, etc. This term often expresses the idea of being wealthy or successful in life.

The term “prosperous” often refers to success in owning money and property or in producing everything needed for people to live well.
In the Bible, the term “prosperous” also includes good health and being blessed with children.
A “prosperous” city or country is one that has many people, good production of food, and businesses that bring in plenty of money.
The Bible teaches that a person will prosper spiritually when he obeys God’s teachings. He will also experience the blessings of joy and peace. God does not always give people a lot of material wealth, but he will always prosper them spiritually as they follow his ways.
Depending on the context, the term “prosper” could also be translated as “succeed spiritually” or “be blessed by God” or “experience good things” or “live well.”
The term “prosperous” could also be translated as “successful” or “wealthy” or “spiritually fruitful.”
“Prosperity” could also be translated as “well-being” or “wealth” or “success” or “abundant blessings.”

(See also: bless, good, fruit, spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1129, H1767, H1878, H1879, H2428, H2896, H2898, H3027, H3190, H3444, H3498, H3787, H4195, H5381, H6500, H6509, H6555, H6743, H6744, H7230, H7487, H7919, H7951, H7961, H7963, H7965

prostitute, harlot, whored

Other :: prostitute, harlot, whored

Definition:

The terms “prostitute” and “harlot” both refer to a person who performs sexual acts for money or for religious rites. Prostitutes or harlots were usually female, but some were male.

In the Bible, the word “prostitute” is sometimes used figuratively to refer to a person who worships false gods or who practices witchcraft.
The expression “play the harlot” means to act like a harlot by being sexually immoral. This expression is also used in the Bible to refer to a person who worships idols.
To “prostitute oneself” to something means to be sexually immoral or when used figuratively, to be unfaithful to God by worshiping false gods.
In ancient times, some pagan temples used male and female prostitutes as part of their rituals.
This term could be translated by the word or phrase that is used in the project language to refer to a prostitute. Some languages may have a euphemistic term that is used for this. (See: euphemism

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2154, H2181, H2183, H2185, H6945, H6948, H8457, G4204

prostrate

Other :: prostrate

Definition:

The term “prostrate” means to be lying face down, stretched out on the ground.

To “fall prostrate” or to “prostrate oneself” before someone means to suddenly bow down very low or in front of that person.
Usually this position of being prostrate is a response that shows shock, amazement, and awe because of something miraculous that happened. It also shows honor and respect for the person being bowed to.
Being prostrate also was a way to worship God. People often responded this way to Jesus in thanksgiving and worship when he did a miracle or to honor him as a great teacher.
Depending on the context, ways to translate “prostrated” could include “bowed down low with the face to the ground” or “worshiped him by lying face down in front of him” or “bowed down low to the ground in amazement” or “worshiped.”
The phrase “will not prostrate ourselves” could be translated as “will not worship” or “will not lie face down in worship” or “will not bow down and worship.”
“Prostrate himself to” could also be translated as “worship” or “bow down in front of.”

(See also: awe, bow)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5307, H5457, H6440, H6915, H7812

proverb

Other :: proverb

Definition:

A proverb is a short statement that expresses some wisdom or truth.

Proverbs are powerful because they are easy to remember and repeat.
Often a proverb will include practical examples from everyday life.
Some proverbs are very clear and direct, while others are more difficult to understand.
King Solomon was known for his wisdom and wrote over 1,000 proverbs.
Jesus often used proverbs or parables when he taught people.
Ways to translate “proverb” could include “wise saying” or “true word.”

(See also: Solomon, true, wise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2420, H4911, H4912, G3850, G3942

province, provincial

Other :: province, provincial

Definition:

The term “province” refers to a large area into which a nation or empire might be divided for the purposes of government. The term “provincial” describes something that is related to a province, such as a provincial governor.

For example, the ancient Persian Empire was divided up into provinces such as Media, Persia, Syria, and Egypt.
During the time of the New Testament, the Roman Empire was divided up into provinces such as Macedonia, Asia, Syria, Judea, Samaria, Galilee, and Galatia.
Each province had its own ruling authority, who was subject to the king or ruler of the empire. This ruler was sometimes called a “provincial official” or “provincial governor.”
The terms “province” and “provincial” could also be translated as “region” and “regional.”

(See also: Asia, Egypt, Esther, Galatia, Galilee, Judea, Macedonia, Medes, Rome, Samaria, Syria)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4082, H4083, H5675, H5676, G1885

provoke, provoked, provocation

Other :: provoke, provoked, provocation

Facts:

The term “provoke” means to cause someone to experience a negative reaction or feeling.

To provoke someone to anger means to do something that causes that person to be angry. This could also be translated as to “cause to become angry” or to “anger.”
When used in a phrase such as, “do not provoke him,” this could be translated as “do not anger him” or “do not cause him to be angry” or “do not make him angry with you.”

Bible References:

Ezekiel 20:27-29

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3707, H3708, H4784, H4843, H5006, H7065, H7069, H7107, H7264, G2042, G3863, G3947, G3949, G4292

prudence, prudent

Other :: prudence, prudent

Facts:

The term “prudent” describes a person who thinks carefully about his actions and makes wise decisions.

Often “prudence” refers to the ability to make wise decisions about practical, physical matters, such as in managing money or property.
Although “prudence” and “wisdom” are similar in meaning, often “wisdom” is more general and focuses on spiritual or moral matters.
Depending on the context, “prudent” could also be translated as “shrewd” or “careful” or “wise.”

(See also: shrewd, spirit, wise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H995, H5843, H6175, H6191, H6195, H7919, H7922

puffed up

Other :: puffed up

Definition:

The term “puffed up” is a figurative expression that refers to being proud or arrogant. (See: Idiom

A person who is puffed up has an attitude of feeling superior to others.
Paul taught that knowing a lot of information or having religious experiences can lead to being “puffed up” or proud.
Other languages may have a similar idiom or a different one that expresses this meaning, such as “having a big head.”
This could also be translated as “very proud” or “disdainful of others” or “haughty” or “thinking oneself better than others.”

(See also: arrogant, proud)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6075, G5448

purple

Other :: purple

Facts:

The term “purple” is the name of a color that is a mixture of blue and red.

In ancient times, purple was a rare and highly valuable color of dye that was used to dye the clothing of kings and other high officials.
Because it was costly and time-consuming to produce this dye, purple clothing was considered a sign of wealth, distinction, and royalty.
Purple was also one of the colors used for the curtains in the tabernacle and temple, and for the ephod worn by the priests.
Purple dye was extracted from a kind of sea snail by either crushing or boiling the snails or by causing them to release the dye while still alive. This was an expensive process.
Roman soldiers put a purple royal robe on Jesus before his crucifixion, to mock him for his claim to be King of the Jews.
Lydia from the town of Philippi was a woman who made her living by selling purple cloth.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: ephod, Philippi, royal, tabernacle, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H710, H711, H713, G4209, G4210, G4211

push

Other :: push

Definition:

The term “push” literally means to physically move something away using force. There are also several figurative meanings of this term.

The expression “push away” can mean “reject” or “refuse to help.”
To “push down” can mean to “oppress” or “persecute” or “defeat.” It can also mean that someone is literally being pushed down to the ground.
To “push someone out” means to “get rid of” or “send away” that person.
The expression “push ahead” means to persevere or to continue doing something without really making sure it is right or safe.

(See also: oppress, persecute, reject)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1556, H1760, H3276, H3423, H5055, H5186, G683, G4261

qualify, qualified, disqualified

Other :: qualify, qualified, disqualified

Definition:

The term “qualify” refers to earning the right to receive certain benefits or to be recognized as having certain skills.

A person who is “qualified” for a particular job has the necessary skills and training to do that job.
In his letter to the Colossian church, the apostle Paul wrote that God the Father has made believers “qualified” to participate in his kingdom of light. This means that God has given them everything they need to live godly lives.
The believer cannot earn the right to be part of God’s kingdom. He is only qualified because God has redeemed him with the blood of Christ.

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, “qualified” could be translated as “equipped” or “skilled” or “enabled.”
To “qualify” someone could be translated as to “equip” or to “enable” or to “empower.”

(See also: Colossae, godly, kingdom, light, Paul, redeem)

Bible References:

Daniel 1:3-5

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3581

queen

Other :: queen

Definition:

A queen is either the female ruler of a country or the wife of a king.

Esther became the queen of the Persian empire when she married King Ahasuerus.
Queen Jezebel was the evil wife of King Ahab.
The Queen of Sheba was a famous ruler who came to visit King Solomon.
A term such as “queen mother” usually referred to the mother or grandmother of a ruling king or the widow of the previous king. A queen mother had much influence; Athaliah, for example, influenced the people to worship idols.

(See also: Ahasuerus, Athaliah, Esther, king. Persia ruler, Sheba)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1404, H1377, H4410, H4427, H4433, H4436, H4438, H4446, H7694, H8282, G938

quench, quenched, unquenchable

Other :: quench, quenched, unquenchable

Definition:

The term “quench” means to put out or stop something that is demanding to be satisfied.

This term is usually used in the context of quenching thirst and means to stop being thirsty by drinking something.
It can also be used to refer to putting out a fire.
Both thirst and fire are quenched with water.
Paul uses the term “quench” in a figurative way when he instructs believers to not “quench the Holy Spirit.” This means to not discourage people from allowing the Holy Spirit from produce his fruits and gifts in them. Quenching the Holy Spirit means preventing the Holy Spirit from freely manifesting his power and work in people…

(See also: fruit, gift, Holy Spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1846, H3518, H7665, G762, G4570

rage

Other :: rage

Facts:

The term “rage” refers to intense anger. Often, the term is used to describe an angry person who is out of control in some way.

When used as a verb, the term “rage” can mean to move powerfully, such as in descriptions of a “raging” storm or ocean waves that “rage.”
To be “filled with rage” means to have an overwhelming feeling of extreme anger.

(See also: self-control)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H398, H1348, H1984, H1993, H2121, H2195, H2196, H2197, H2534, H2734, H2740, H3491, H3820, H5590, H5678, H7264, H7265, H7266, H7267, H7283, H7857, G1693, G2830, G3710, G5433

rebuke, reprove

Other :: rebuke, reprove

Definition:

The term “rebuke” refers to correcting someone verbally, usually with sternness or force.

The New Testament commands Christians to rebuke other believers when they are clearly disobeying God.
The book of Proverbs instructs parents to rebuke their children when they are disobedient.
A rebuke is typically given to prevent those who committed a wrong from further involving themselves in sin.
This could be translated by “sternly correct” or “admonish.”
The phrase “a rebuke” could be translated by “a stern correction” or “a strong criticism.”
“Without rebuke” could be translated as “without admonishing” or “without criticism.”

(See also admonish, disobey)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1605, H1606, H2778, H2781, H3198, H4045, H4148, H8156, H8433, G1649, G1651, G1969, G2008, G3679

reed

Other :: reed

Facts:

The term “reed” refers to a plant with a long stalk that grows in the water, usually along the edge of a river or stream.

The reeds in the Nile River where Moses was hidden as a baby were also called “bulrushes.” They were tall, hollow stalks growing in dense clumps in the river water.
These fibrous plants were used in ancient Egypt for making paper, baskets, and boats.
The stalk of the reed plant is flexible and is easily bent over by the wind.

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Egypt, Moses, Nile River)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0098, H0100, H0260, H5488, H6169, H7070, G2563

refuge, refugee, shelter, sheltered

Other :: refuge, refugee, shelter, sheltered

Definition:

The term “refuge” refers to a place or condition of safety and protection. A “refugee” is someone who is seeking a safe place. A “shelter” refers to a place that can protect from weather or danger.

In the Bible, God is often referred to as a refuge where his people can be safe, protected, and cared for.
The term “city of refuge” in the Old Testament referred to one of several cities where a person who accidentally killed someone could go for protection from people who would attack them in revenge.
A “shelter” is often a physical structure such as a building or roof that can provide protection to people or animals.
Sometimes “shelter” means “protection,” as when Lot said that his guests were “under the shelter” of his roof. He was saying that they should be safe because he was taking responsibility to protect them as members of his household.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “refuge” could be translated as “safe place” or “place of protection.”
“Refugees” are people leaving their home to escape from a dangerous situation, and could be translated as “aliens,” “homeless people,” or “exiles.”
Depending on the context, the term “shelter” could be translated as “something that protects” or “protection” or “protected place.”
If it refers to a physical structure, “shelter” could also be translated as “protective building” or “house of safety.”
The phrase “into safe shelter” could be translated as “into a safe place” or “into a place that will protect.”
To “find shelter” or to “take shelter” or to “take refuge” could be translated as to “find a place of safety” or to “put oneself in a protected place.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2620, H4268, H4498, H4585, H4733, H4869

reign, rule

Other :: reign, rule

Definition:

The term to “reign” means to rule over the people of a particular country or kingdom. The reign of a king is the time period during which he is ruling.

The term “reign” is also used to refer to God reigning as king over the entire world.
God allowed human kings to reign over Israel after the people rejected him as their king.
When Jesus Christ returns, he will openly reign as king over the whole world, and Christians will reign with Him.
This term could also be translated as “absolute rule” or “rule as king.”

(See also: kingdom)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3427, H4427, H4437, H4438, H4467, H4468, H4475, H4791, H4910, H6113, H7287, H7786, G757, G936, G2231, G4821

reject, rejected, rejection

Other :: reject, rejected, rejection

Definition:

To “reject” someone or something means to refuse to accept that person or thing.

The term “reject” can also mean to “refuse to believe in” something.
To reject God also means to refuse to obey him.
When the Israelites rejected Moses’ leadership, it means that they were rebelling against his authority. They did not want to obey him.
The Israelites showed that they were rejecting God when they worshiped false gods.
The term “push away” is the literal meaning of this word. Other languages may have a similar expression that means to reject or refuse to believe someone or something.

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, the term “reject” could also be translated by “not accept” or “stop helping” or “refuse to obey” or “stop obeying.”
In the expression “stone that the builders rejected,” the term “rejected” could be translated as “refused to use” or “did not accept” or “threw away” or “got rid of as worthless.”
In the context of people who rejected God’s commandments, rejected could be translated as “refused to obey” his commands or “stubbornly chose to not accept” God’s laws.

(See also: command, disobey, obey, stiff-necked)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H947, H959, H2186, H2310, H3988, H5006, H5034, H5186, H5203, H5307, H5541, H5800, G114, G483, G550, G579, G580, G593, G683, G720, G1609, G3868

renown, renowned, famous

Other :: renown, renowned, famous

Definition:

The term “renown” refers to the greatness associated with being well known and having a praiseworthy reputation. Something or someone is “renowned” if it has renown.

A “renowned” person is someone who is well known and highly esteemed.
“Renown” especially refers to a good reputation that is widely known over a long period of time.
A city that is “renowned” is often well known for its wealth and prosperity.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “renown” could also be translated as “fame” or “esteemed reputation” or “greatness that is well-known by many people.”
The term “renowned” could also be translated as “well known and highly esteemed” or “having an excellent reputation.”
The expression “May the Lord’s name be renowned in Israel” could be translated as “May the Lord’s name be well known and honored by the people of Israel.”
The phrase “men of renown” could be translated as “men well known for their courage” or “famous warriors” or “highly esteemed men.”
The expression “your renown endures through all generations” could be translated as “throughout the years people will hear about how great you are” or “your greatness is seen and heard by people in every generation.”

(See also: honor)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1984, H7121, H8034

report, reported, tell, reputation

Other :: report, reported, tell, reputation

Definition:

The term to “report” means to tell people about something that happened, often giving details about that event. A “report” is what is told, and can be spoken or written.

“Report” could also be translated as “tell” or “explain” or “tell the details of.”
The expression “Report this to no one” could be translated as “Don’t talk about this with anyone” or “Don’t tell anyone about this.”
Ways to translate “a report” could include “an explanation” or “a story” or “a detailed account,” depending on the context.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1681, H1696, H1697, H5046, H7725, H8034, H8052, H8085, H8088, H8089, G189, G191, G312, G518, G987, G1225, G1310, G1834, G2036, G2163, G3004, G3056, G3140, G3377

rest, rested, restless

Other :: rest, rested, restless

Definition:

The term “rest” generally means to stop working in order to relax or regain strength. However, the term can refer to various kinds of rest besides only rest from working. For example, a person might rest from fighting, rest from speaking, or rest from moving, etc.

An object can be said to be “resting” somewhere, which means it is “standing” or “sitting” there.
Something that “comes to rest” somewhere has “stopped” there.
When a person or animals rest, they are sitting or lying down in order to refresh themselves.
God commanded the Israelites to rest on the seventh day of the week. This day of not working was called the “Sabbath” day.
To rest an object on something means to “place” or “put” it there.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, to “rest (oneself)” could also be translated as to “stop working” or to “refresh himself” or to “stop carrying burdens.”
To “rest” an object on something could be translated as to “place” or “put” or “set” that object on something.
When Jesus said, “I will give you rest,” this could also be translated as “I will cause you to stop carrying your burden” or “I will help you be at peace” or “I will empower you to relax and trust in me.”
God said, “they will not enter my rest,” and this statement could be translated as “they will not experience my blessings of rest” or “they will not experience the joy and peace that comes from trusting in me.”
The term “the rest” could be translated as “those that remain” or “all the other people” or “everything that is left.”

(See also: remnant, Sabbath)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0014, H1824, H1826, H2308, H3498, H3499, H4494, H4496, H4771, H5117, H5118, H5183, H5564, H6314, H7258, H7280, H7599, H7604, H7605, H7606, H7611, H7673, H7677, H7901, H7931, H7954, H8058, H8172, H8252, H8300, G0372, G0373, G0425, G1515, G1879, G1954, G1981, G2270, G2663, G2664, G2681, G2838, G3062, G4520

return, turn back

Other :: return, turn back

Definition:

The term “return” means to go back or to give something back.

To “return to” something means to start doing that activity again. To “return to” a place or person means to go back to that place or person again.
When the Israelites returned to their worship of idols, they were starting to worship them again.
When they returned to Yahweh, they repented and were worshiping Yahweh again.
To return land or things that were taken or received from someone else means to give that property back to the person it belongs to.

(See also: turn)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5437, H7725, H7729, H8421, H8666, G344, G360, G390, G1877, G1880, G1994, G5290

revere, revered, reverence, reverent

Other :: revere, revered, reverence, reverent

Definition:

The term “reverence” refers to feelings of profound, deep respect for someone or something. “Revere” someone or something is to show reverence towards that person or thing.

Feelings of reverence can be seen in actions that honor the person who is revered.
The fear of the Lord is an inner reverence that manifests itself in obedience to God’s commandments.
This term could also be translated as “fear and honor” or “sincere respect.”

(See also: fear, honor, obey)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3372, H3373, H3374, H4172, H6342, H7812, G127, G1788, G2125, G2412, G5399, G5401

reward, prize, deserve

Other :: reward, prize, deserve

Definition:

The term “reward” refers to what a person receives because of something he has done, either good or bad. To “reward” someone is to give someone something he deserves. However, this is different than the concept of “wages,” which refers to payment (often money) given in exchange for work performed.

A reward can be a good or positive thing that a person receives because he has done something well or because he has obeyed God.
Sometimes a reward can refer to negative things that may result from bad behavior, such as the statement “the reward of the wicked.” In this context “reward” refers to the punishment or negative consequences they receive because of their sinful actions.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, the term “reward” could be translated as “payment” or “something that is deserved” or “punishment.”
To “reward” someone could be translated by to “repay” or to “punish” or to “give what is deserved.”
Make sure the translation of this term does not refer to wages. A reward is not specifically about earning money as part of a job.

(See also: punish)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H319, H866, H868, H1576, H1578, H1580, H4909, H4991, H5023, H6118, H6468, H6529, H7938, H7939, H7999, G469, G514, G591, G2603, G3405, G3406, G3408

robe, robed

Other :: robe, robed

Definition:

A robe is an outer garment with long sleeves that can be worn by a man or a woman. It is similar to a coat.

Robes are open in the front and are tied shut with a sash or belt.
They can be long or short.
Purple robes were worn by kings as a sign of royalty, wealth, and prestige.

(See also: royal, tunic)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H145, H155, H899, H1545, H2436, H2684, H3671, H3801, H3830, H3847, H4060, H4254, H4598, H5497, H5622, H6614, H7640, H7757, H7897, H8071, G1746, G2067, G2440, G4749, G4016, G5511

rod

Other :: rod

Definition:

The term “rod” refers to a narrow, solid, stick-like tool that was used in several different ways. It was probably at least a meter in length.

A wooden rod was used by a shepherd to defend the sheep from other animals. It was also thrown toward a wandering sheep to bring it back to the the flock.
In Psalm 23, King David used the terms “rod” and “staff” as metaphors to refer to God’s guidance and discipline for his people.
A shepherd’s rod was also used to count the sheep as they passed under it.
Another metaphorical expression, “rod of iron,” refers to God’s punishment for people who rebel against him and do evil things.
In ancient times, measuring rods made of metal, wood, or stone were used to measure the length of a building or object.
In the Bible, a wooden rod was also referred to as an instrument to discipline children.

(See also: staff, sheep, shepherd)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2415, H4294, H4731, H7626, G2563, G4463, G4464

royal, royalty, king’s, queen’s

Other :: royal, royalty, king’s, queen’s

Definition:

The term “royal” describes people and things associated with a king or queen.

Examples of things that could be called “royal” include a king’s (or queen’s) position, clothing, palace, throne, and crown.
A king or queen usually lived in a royal palace.
A king wore special clothing, sometimes called “royal robes.” Often a king’s robes were purple, this color could only be produced by a rare and expensive type of dye.
In the New Testament, believers in Jesus were called a “royal priesthood.” Other ways to translate this could include “priests who serve God the King” or “called to be priests for God the King.”
The term “royal” could also be translated as “kingly” or “belonging to a king.”

(See also: king. palace, priest, purple, queen, robe)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H643, H1921, H1935, H4410, H4428, H4430, H4437, H4438, H4467, H4468, H7985, G933, G934, G937

ruin, ruins, ruined

Other :: ruin, ruins, ruined

Definition:

To “ruin” something means to spoil, destroy, or cause to be useless. The term “ruin” or “ruins” refers to the rubble and spoiled remains of something that has been destroyed.

The prophet Zephaniah spoke about the day of God’s wrath as a “day of ruin” when the world will be judged and punished.
The book of Proverbs says that ruin and destruction await those who are ungodly.
Depending on the context, to “ruin” could be translated as to “destroy” or to “spoil” or to “make useless” or to “break.”
The term “ruin” or “ruins” could be translated as “rubble” or “broken-down buildings” or “destroyed city” or “devastation” or “brokenness” or “destruction,” depending on the context.

(See also: devastated)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H006, H1197, H1530, H1820, H1942, H2034, H2040, H2717, H2719, H2720, H2723, H2930, H3510, H3765, H3782, H3832, H4072, H4288, H4384, H4654, H4876, H4889, H5221, H5327, H5557, H5754, H5856, H7451, H7489, H7582, H7591, H7612, H7701, H7703, H7843, H8047, H8074, H8077, H8414, H8510, G2679, G2692, G3639, G4485

rule, reign, ruler, prefect, official, leader

Other :: rule, reign, ruler, prefect, official, leader

Definition:

The term “ruler” is a general reference to a person who has authority over other people, such as a leader of a country, kingdom, or religious group. A ruler is one who “rules,” and his authority is his “rule.”

In the Old Testament, a king was sometimes referred to generally as a “ruler,” as in the phrase “appointed him ruler over Israel.”
God was referred to as the ultimate ruler, who rules over all other rulers.
In the New Testament, the leader of a synagogue was called a “ruler.”
Another type of ruler in the New Testament was a “governor.”
Depending on the context, “ruler” could be translated as “leader” or “person who has authority over.”
The action to “rule” means to “lead” to “have authority over.” It means the same thing as “reign” when it refers to the ruling of a king.

(See also: authority, governor, king, synagogue)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H995, H1166, H1167, H1404, H2708, H2710, H3027, H3548, H3920, H4043, H4410, H4427, H4428, H4438, H4467, H4474, H4475, H4623, H4910, H4941, H5057, H5065, H5387, H5401, H5461, H5715, H6113, H6213, H6485, H6957, H7101, H7218, H7287, H7300, H7336, H7786, H7860, H7980, H7981, H7985, H7989, H7990, H8199, H8269, H8323, H8451, G746, G752, G755, G757, G758, G932, G936, G1018, G1203, G1299, G1778, G1785, G1849, G2232, G2233, G2525, G2583, G2888, G2961, G3545, G3841, G4165, G4173, G4291

run, runner, rushed, quickly went, scattered, flows

Other :: run, runner, rushed, quickly went, scattered, flows

Definition:

Literally the term “run” means “move very quickly on foot,” usually at a greater speed than can be accomplished by walking.

This main meaning of “run” is also used in figurative expressions such as the following:

To “run in such a way as to win the prize”– refers to persevering in doing God’s will with the same perseverance as running a race in order to win.
To “run in the path of your commands” – means to gladly and quickly obey God’s commands.
To “run after other gods” means to persist in worshiping other gods.
“I run to you to hide me” means to quickly turn to God for refuge and safety when faced with difficult things.
Water and other liquids such as tears, blood, sweat, and rivers are said to “run.” This could also be translated as “flow.” The border of a country or region is said to “run along” a river or the border of a different country. This could be translated by saying that the country’s border “is next to” the river or other country or by saying that the country “borders” the river or other country.
Rivers and streams can “run dry,” which means that they no longer have water in them. This could be translated as “have dried up” or “have become dry.”
The days of a feast can “run their course,” which means they “have passed by” or “are finished” or “are over.”*

(See also: false god, persevere, refuge, turn)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H213, H386, H1065, H1272, H1556, H1980, H2100, H2416, H3001, H3212, H3332, H3381, H3920, H3988, H4422, H4754, H4794, H4944, H5074, H5127, H5140, H5472, H5756, H6437, H6440, H6544, H6805, H7272, H7291, H7310, H7323, H7325, H7519, H7751, H8264, H8308, H8444, G413, G1377, G1601, G1530, G1532, G1998, G2701, G3729, G4063, G4370, G4390, G4890, G4936, G5143, G5240, G5295, G5343

sackcloth

Other :: sackcloth

Definition:

Sackcloth was a coarse, scratchy type of cloth that was made from goat hair or camel hair.

A person who wore clothing made from it would be uncomfortable. Sackcloth was worn to show mourning, grief, or humble repentance.
The phrase “sackcloth and ashes” was a common term referring to a traditional expression of grief and repentance.

Translation Suggestions:

This term could also be translated as “coarse cloth from animal hair” or “clothes made of goat hair” or “rough, scratchy clothing.”
Another way to translate this term could be “rough, scratchy mourning clothes.”
The phrase “sit in sackcloth and ashes” could be translated as “show mourning and humility by wearing scratchy cloth and sitting in ashes.”

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: ash, camel, goat, humble, mourn, repent, sign)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H8242, G4526

sandal

Other :: sandal

Definition:

A sandal is a simple shoe with a flat sole that is held onto the foot by straps that go around the foot or ankle. Sandals are worn by both men and women.

In ancient Israel, a sandal was sometimes used to confirm a legal transaction, such as the selling of property. One person would take off a sandal and give it to the other person to show that the transaction was legal and binding.
John said that he was not worthy to even untie Jesus’ sandals, which was a normal task for the servant or slave with the lowest status in a Jewish household.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5274, H5275, H8288, G4547, G5266

scepter

Other :: scepter

Definition:

The term “scepter” refers to an ornamental rod or staff held by a ruler, such as a king.

Scepters were originally a branch of wood with carved decorations. Later scepters were also made of precious metals such as gold.
The scepter was a symbol of royalty and authority and also symbolized the honor and dignity associated with a king.
In the Old Testament, God was described as having a scepter of righteousness because God rules as king over his people.
An Old Testament prophecy referred to the Messiah as a symbolic scepter that would come from Israel to rule over all nations.
This could also be translated as “ruling rod” or “ruler’s rod” or “king’s rod.”

(See also: authority, Christ, king, righteous)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2710, H4294, H7626, H8275, G4464

scroll

Other :: scroll

Definition:

In ancient times, a scroll was a type of book made of one long, rolled-up sheet of papyrus or leather.

After writing on a scroll or reading from it, people rolled it up by using the rods attached to its ends.
Scrolls were used for legal documents and scripture.
Sometimes scrolls that were delivered by a messenger were sealed with wax. If the wax was still present when the scroll was received, then the receiver knew that no one had opened the scroll to read it or write on it since it had been sealed.
Scrolls containing the Hebrew Scriptures were read aloud in the synagogues.

(See also: seal, synagogue, word of God)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4039, H4040, H5612, G974, G975

seal, sealed, unsealed

Other :: seal, sealed, unsealed

Definition:

To term “seal” means to close an object with something (usually called a “seal”) that makes the object impossible to open without breaking the seal.

Often a seal is marked with a design to show who it belongs to.
Melted wax was used to seal letters or other documents that needed to be protected. When the wax cooled and hardened, the letter could not be opened without breaking the wax seal. The person who received the letter would see the unbroken seal and know that no one had opened it.
A seal was put on the stone in front of Jesus’ grave in order to keep anyone from moving the stone.
Paul figuratively refers to the Holy Spirit as a “seal” showing that our salvation is secure.

(See also: Holy Spirit, tomb)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2368, H2560, H2856, H2857, H2858, H5640, G2696, G4972, G4973

seed, semen

Other :: seed, semen

Definition:

A “seed” is the part of a plant that gets planted in the ground to reproduce more of the same kind of plant. However, in the Bible the term “seed” is used figuratively to mean several different things.

The term “seed” is used figuratively and euphemistically to refer to the tiny cells inside a man that combine with cells of a woman to cause a baby to grow inside her. A collection of these cells is called “semen.”
Related to this, “seed” is also used to refer to a person’s offspring or descendants.
This word often has a plural meaning, referring to more than one seed grain or more than one descendant.
In the parable of the farmer planting seeds, Jesus compared his seeds to the Word of God, which is planted in people’s hearts in order to produce good spiritual fruit.
The apostle Paul also uses the term “seed” to refer to the Word of God.

Translation Suggestions:

For a literal seed, it is best to use the literal term for “seed” that is used in the target language for what a farmer plants in his field.
The literal term should also be used in contexts where it refers figuratively to God’s Word.
For the figurative use that refers to people who are of the same family line, it may be more clear to use the word “descendant” or “descendants” instead of “seed.” Some languages may have a word that means “children and grandchildren.”
For a man or woman’s “seed,” consider how the target expresses this in a way that will not offend or embarrass people. (See: euphemism

(See also: children, descendant,)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2232, H2233, H3610, H6507, G4615, G4687, G4690, G4701, G4703

seek, search, look for

Other :: seek, search, look for

Definition:

The term “seek” means to look for something or someone. In the past tense, the verb is “sought.” This term is sometimes used figuratively, meaning to “attempt” or “make an effort” to do something or to ask for something.

To “seek” or “look for” an opportunity to do something can mean to “try to find a time” to do it.
To “seek Yahweh” means to “spend time and energy getting to know Yahweh and learning to obey him.”
To “seek protection” means to “try to find a person or place that will protect you from danger.”
To “seek justice” means to “make an effort to see that people are treated justly or fairly.”
To “seek the truth” means to “make an effort to find out what the truth is.”
To “seek favor” means to “urgently ask for favor” or to “do things to cause someone to help you.”

(See also: just, true)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H579, H1156, H1239, H1243, H1245, H1556, H1875, H2470, H2603, H2658, H2664, H3289, H7125, H7592, H7836, H8446, G327, G1567, G1934, G2052, G2212

seize, seizure, capture

Other :: seize, seizure, capture

Definition:

The term “seize” means to take or capture someone or something by force. It can also mean to overpower and control someone.

When a city was taken by means of military force, the soldiers would seize the valuable property of the people they had conquered.
When used figuratively, a person can be described as being “seized with fear.” This means that the person was suddenly “overcome by fear.” If a person was “seized with fear” it could also be stated that the person “suddenly became very afraid.”
In the context of labor pains that “seize” a woman, the meaning is that the pains are sudden and overpowering. This could be translated by saying that the pains “overcome” or “suddenly come upon” the woman.
This term could also be translated as “take control of” or “suddenly take” or “grab.”
The expression “seized and slept with her” could be translated as “forced himself on her” or “violated her” or “raped her.” Make sure the translation of this concept is acceptable.

(See: euphemism

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H270, H1497, H2388, H3027, H3920, H3947, H4672, H5377, H5860, H6031, H7760, H8610, G724, G1949, G2638, G2902, G2983, G4815, G4884

selah

Other :: selah

Definition:

The term “selah” is a Hebrew word that occurs mostly in the book of Psalms. It has several possible meanings.

It could mean “pause and praise,” which would invite the audience to think carefully about what was just said.
Since many of the Psalms were written as songs, it is thought that “selah” may have been a musical term to instruct the singer to pause in his singing to allow for the musical instruments to play alone or to encourage listeners to think about the words of the song.

(See also: psalm)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5542

self-control, self-controlled

Other :: self-control, self-controlled

Definition:

Self-control is the ability to control one’s behavior in order to avoid sinning.

It refers to good behavior, that is, avoiding sinful thoughts, speech, and actions.
Self-control is a fruit or characteristic that the Holy Spirit gives to Christians.
A person who is using self-control is able to stop himself from doing something wrong that he may want to do. God is the one who enables a person to have self-control.

(See also: fruit, Holy Spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4623, H7307, G192, G193, G1466, G1467, G1468, G4997

send, sent, send out

Other :: send, sent, send out

Definition:

To “send” is to cause someone or something to go somewhere. To “send out” someone is to tell that person to go on an errand or a mission.

Often a person who is “sent out” has been appointed to do a specific task.
Phrases like “send rain” or “send disaster” mean to “cause…to come.” This type of expression is usually used in reference to God causing these things to happen.
The term “send” is also used in expressions such as to “send word” or to “send a message,” which means to give someone a message to tell someone else.
To “send” someone “with” something can mean to “give” that thing “to” someone else, usually moving it some distance in order for the person to receive it.
Jesus frequently used the phrase “the one who sent me” to refer to God the Father, who “sent” him to earth to redeem and save people. This could also be translated as “the one who commissoned me.”

(See also: appoint, redeem, castout)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H935, H1540, H1980, H2199, H2904, H3318, H3474, H3947, H4916, H4917, H5042, H5130, H5375, H5414, H5674, H6963, H7368, H7725, H7964, H7971, H7972, H7993, H8421, H8446, G782, G375, G630, G649, G652, G657, G1026, G1032, G1544, G1599, G1821, G3333, G3343, G3936, G3992, G4311, G4341, G4369, G4842, G4882

serpent, snake, viper

Other :: serpent, snake, viper

Facts:

These terms all refer to a kind of reptile that has a long, thin body and large, fanged jaws, and that moves by slithering back and forth across the ground. The term “serpent” usually refers to a large snake and “viper” refers to a type of snake that has venom which it uses to poison its prey.

This animal is also used figuratively to refer to a person who is evil, especially someone who is deceitful.
Jesus called the religious leaders “offspring of vipers” because they pretended to be righteous but deceived people and treated them unfairly.
In the garden of Eden, Satan took the form of a serpent when he talked to Eve and tempted her to disobey God.
After the serpent tempted Eve to sin, and both Eve and her husband Adam did sin, God cursed the snake, saying that from then on, all snakes would slither along the ground, implying that before then they had had legs.

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Names

(See also: curse, deceive, disobey, Eden, evil, prey, Satan, sin, tempt)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H660, H2119, H5175, H6620, H6848, H8314, H8577, G2191, G2062, G3789

sexual immorality, immorality, immoral, fornication

Other :: sexual immorality, immorality, immoral, fornication

Definition:

The term “sexual immorality” refers to sexual activity that takes place outside the marriage relationship of a man and a woman. This is against God’s plan. Older English Bible versions call this “fornication.”

This term can refer to any kind of sexual activity that is against God’s will, including homosexual acts and pornography.
One type of sexual immorality is adultery, which is sexual activity specifically between a married person and someone who is not that person’s spouse.
Another type of sexual immorality is “prostitution,” which involves being paid to have sex with someone.
This term is also used figuratively to refer to Israel’s unfaithfulness to God when they worshiped false gods.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “sexual immorality” could be translated as “immorality” as long as the correct meaning of the term is understood.
Other ways to translate this term could include “wrong sexual acts” or “sex outside of marriage.”
This term should be translated in a different way from the term “adultery.”
The translation of this term’s figurative uses should retain the literal term if possible since there is a common comparison in the Bible between unfaithfulness to God and unfaithfulness in the sexual relationship.

(See also: adultery, false god, prostitute, faithful)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2181, H8457, G1608, G4202, G4203

shadow, overshadow, shade

Other :: shadow, overshadow, shade

Definition:

The word “shadow” literally refers to the darkness that is caused by an object blocking the light. It also has several figurative meanings.

The “shadow of death” means that death is present or near, just as a shadow indicates the presence of its object.
Many times in the Bible, the life of a human being is compared to a shadow, which does not last very long and has no substance.
Sometimes “shadow” is used as another word for “darkness.”
The Bible talks about being hidden or protected in the shadow of God’s wings or hands. This is a picture of being protected and hidden from danger. Other ways to translate “shadow” in these contexts could include “shade” or “safety” or “protection.”
It is best to translate “shadow” literally using the local term that is used to refer to an actual shadow.

(See also: darkness, light)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2927, H6738, H6751, H6752, H6754, H6757, G644, G1982, G2683, G4639

shame, ashamed, disgrace, humiliate, reproach

Other :: shame, ashamed, disgrace, humiliate, reproach

Definition:

The term “shame” refers to the painful feeling of being disgraced or humiliated that a person feels when they do something that others consider dishonorable or improper.

Something that is “shameful” is “improper” or “dishonorable.”
The term “ashamed” describes how a person feels when he has done something improper or dishonorable.
The term “humiliate” means to cause someone to feel shamed or disgraced, usually publicly. The act of shaming someone is called “humiliation.”
To “reproach” someone means to criticize or disapprove of that person’s character or behavior.
The phrase “put to shame” means to defeat people or expose their actions so that they feel ashamed of themselves. The prophet Isaiah said that those who make and worship idols will be put to shame.
The term “disgraceful” can be used to describe a sinful act or the person who did it. When a person does something sinful, it can cause him to be in a state of disgrace or dishonor.
Sometimes a person who is doing good things is treated in a way that causes him disgrace or shame. For example, when Jesus was killed on a cross, this was a disgraceful way to die. Jesus had done nothing wrong to deserve this disgrace.
When God humbles someone, it means that he is causing a prideful person to experience failure to help him overcome his pride. This is different from humiliating someone, which is often done in order to hurt that person.
Saying that a person is “above reproach” or “beyond reproach” or “without reproach” means that this person behaves in a God-honoring way and there is little or nothing that could be said in criticism of him.

Translation Suggestions

Ways to translate “disgrace” could include “shame” or “dishonor.”
Ways to translate “disgraceful” could include “shameful” or “dishonoring.”
To “humiliate” could also be translated as to “shame” or to “cause to feel shame” or to “embarrass.”
Depending on the context, ways to translate “humiliation” could include “shame” or “degrading” or “disgrace.”
The word “reproach” could also be translated as “accusation” or “shame” or “disgrace.”
To “reproach” could also be translated as to “rebuke” or to “accuse” or to “criticize,” depending on the context.

(See also: dishonor, accuse, rebuke, false god, humble, Isaiah, worship)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H937, H954, H955, H1317, H1322, H1421, H1442, H1984, H2490, H2616, H2617, H2659, H2778, H2781, H2865, H3001, H3637, H3639, H3640, H3971, H5007, H5034, H5039, H6030, H6031, H6172, H6256, H7022, H7034, H7036, H7043, H7511, H7817, H8103, H8213, H8216, H8217, H8589, G149, G152, G153, G410, G422, G423, G808, G818, G819, G821, G1788, G1791, G1870, G2617, G3059, G3679, G3680, G3681, G3856, G5014, G5195, G5196, G5484

shield

Other :: shield

Definition:

A shield was an object held by a soldier in battle to protect himself from being injured by the enemy’s weapons. To “shield” someone means to protect that person from harm.

Shields were often circular or oval, were made of materials such as leather, wood, or metal, andt were sturdy and thick enough to keep a sword or arrow from piercing them.
Using this term as a metaphor, the Bible refers to God as a protective shield for his people. (See: Metaphor)
Paul talked about the “shield of faith,” which is a figurative way of saying that having faith in Jesus and living out that faith in obedience to God will protect believers from the spiritual attacks of Satan.

(See also: faith, obey, Satan, spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2653, H3591, H4043, H5437, H5526, H6793, H7982, G2375

shrewd

Other :: shrewd

Definition:

The term “shrewd” describes a person who is intelligent and clever, especially in practical matters.

Often the term “shrewd” has a meaning that is partly negative since it usually also involves being selfish.
A shrewd person is usually focused on helping himself, not others.
Other ways to translate this term could include “cunning” or “crafty” or “smart” or “clever,” depending on the context.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2450, H6175, G5429

siege, besiege, besieged, siegeworks

Other :: siege, besiege, besieged, siegeworks

Definition:

A “siege” occurs when an attacking army surrounds a city and keeps it from receiving any supplies of food and water. To “besiege” a city or to put it “under siege” means to attack it by means of a siege.

When the Babylonians came to attack Israel, they used the tactic of a siege against Jerusalem to weaken the people inside the city.
Often during a siege, ramps of dirt are gradually constructed to enable the attacking army to cross over the city walls and invade the city.
To “besiege” a city can also be expressed as to “lay siege” to it or to “perform a siege” on it.
The term “besieged” has the same meaning as the expression “under siege.” Both these expressions describe a city that an enemy army is surrounding and besieging.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4692, H4693, H5341, H5437, H5564, H6693, H6696, H6887

silver

Other :: silver

Definition:

Silver is a shiny, gray precious metal used to make coins, jewelry, containers, and ornaments.

The various containers that are made include silver cups and bowls, and other things used for cooking, eating, or serving.
Silver and gold were used in the building of the tabernacle and the temple.The temple in Jerusalem had containers made of silver.
In Bible times, a shekel was a unit of weight, and a purchase was often priced at a certain number of shekels of silver. By New Testament times there were silver coins of various weights that were measured in shekels.
Joseph’s brothers sold him as a slave for twenty shekels of silver.
Judas was paid thirty silver coins for betraying Jesus.

(See also: tabernacle, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3701, H3702, H7192, G693, G694, G695, G696, G1406

sin offering

Other :: sin offering

Definition:

The “sin offering” was one of several sacrifices that God required the Israelites to offer.

This offering involved sacrificing a bull, burning its blood and fat on the altar, and taking the rest of the animal’s body and burning it on the ground outside the Israelite camp.
The complete burning up of this animal sacrifice shows how holy God is and how terrible sin is.
The Bible teaches that in order for there to be a cleansing from sin, blood must be shed to pay the cost for the sin that was committed.
Animal sacrifices could not permanently bring about forgiveness of sin.
Jesus’ death on the cross paid the penalty for sin, for all time. He was the perfect sin offering.

(See also: altar, cow, forgive, sacrifice, sin)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2401, H2402, H2398, H2403

sister

Other :: sister

Definition:

A sister is a female person who shares at least one biological parent with another person. She is said to be that other person’s sister or the sister of that other person.

In the New Testament, “sister” is also used figuratively to refer to a woman who is a fellow believer in Jesus Christ.
Sometimes the phrase “brothers and sisters” is used to refer to all believers in Christ, both men and women.
In the Old Testament book Song of Songs, “sister” refers to a female lover or spouse.

Translation Suggestions:

It is best to translate this term with the literal word that is used in the target language to refer to a natural or biological sister, unless this would give wrong meaning.
Other ways to translate this could include “sister in Christ” or “spiritual sister” or “woman who believes in Jesus” or “fellow woman believer.”
If possible, it is best to use a family term.
If the language has a feminine form for “believer,” this may be a possible way to translate this term.
When referring to a lover or wife, this could be translated using a feminine form of “loved one” or “dear one.”

(See also: brother in Christ, spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H269, H1323, G27, G79

skin disease, leper, leprosy

Other :: skin disease, leper, leprosy

Definition:

The term “leprosy” is used in the Bible to refer to several different skin diseases. A “leper” is a person who has leprosy. The term “leprous” describes a person or body part that is infected with leprosy.

Certain kinds of leprosy cause the skin to become discolored with white patches, as when Miriam and Naaman had leprosy.
In modern times, leprosy often causes hands, feet, and other body parts to become damaged and deformed.
According to the instructions that God gave to the Israelites, when a person had leprosy, he was considered “unclean” and had to stay away from other people so that they would not become infected with the disease.
A leper would often call out “unclean” so that others would be warned not to come near him.
Jesus healed many lepers, and also people who had other kinds of diseases.

Translation Suggestions:

The term “leprosy” in the Bible can be translated as “skin disease” or “dreaded skin disease.”
Ways to translate “leprous” could include “full of leprosy” or “infected with skin disease” or “covered with skin sores.”

(See also: Miriam, Naaman, clean)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6879, H6883, G3014, G3015

skull

Other :: skull

Definition:

The term “skull” refers to the bony, skeletal structure of the head of a person or animal.

Sometimes the term “skull” means “head,” as in the phrase “shave your skull.”
The term “Place of the Skull” was another name for Golgotha, where Jesus was crucified.
This term could also be translated as “head” or “head bone.”

(See also: crucify, Golgotha)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1538, H6936, H7218, G2898

slander, slanderers, revile, insult

Other :: slander, slanderers, revile, insult

Definition:

A slander consists of negative, defaming things spoken (not written) about another person. To say such things (not to write them) about someone is to slander that person. The person saying such things is a slanderer.

Slander may be a true report or a false accusation, but its effect is to cause others to think negatively of the person being slandered.
To “slander” could be translated as to “speak against” or to “spread an evil report” or to “defame.”
A slanderer is also called an “informer” or a “tale-bearer.”

(See also: blasphemy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1681, H1696, H1848, H3960, H5791, H7270, H7400, H8267, G987, G988, G1228, G1426, G2636, G2637, G3059, G3060

slaughter, slaughtered

Other :: slaughter, slaughtered

Definition:

The term “slaughter” refers to killing a large number of animals or people, or to killing in a violent way. It can also refer to killing an animal for the purpose of eating it. The act of slaughtering is also called “slaughter.”

When Abraham received three visitors at his tent in the desert, he ordered his servants to slaughter and cook a calf for his guests.
The prophet Ezekiel prophesied that God would send his angel to slaughter all those who would not follow His word.
1 Samuel records a great slaughter in which 30,000 Israelites were killed by their enemies because of disobedience to God.
“Weapons of slaughter” could be translated as “weapons for killing.”
The expression “the slaughter was very great” could be translated as “a large number were killed” or “the number of deaths was very great” or “a terribly high number of people died.”
Other ways to translate “slaughter” could include “kill” or “slay” or “killing.”

(See also: angel, cow, disobey, Ezekiel, servant, slay)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2026, H2027, H2028, H2076, H2491, H2873, H2874, H2878, H4046, H4293, H4347, H4660, H5221, H6993, H7524, H7819, H7821, G2871, G4967, G4969

slay, slain, slaughter, kill, murder

Other :: slay, slain, slaughter, kill, murder

Definition:

To “slay” a person or animal means to kill it. Often it means to kill it in a forceful or violent way. If a man has killed an animal he has “slain” it.

When referring to an animal or to a large number of people, the term “slaughter” is another term that is often used.
An act of slaughtering is also called a “slaughter.”
The phrase “the slain” could also be translated as “the slain people” or “the people who were killed.”

(See also: slaughter)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2026, H2076, H2491, H2717, H2763, H2873, H2874, H4191, H4194, H5221, H6991, H6992, H7523, H7819, G337, G615, G1315, G2380, G2695, G4968, G4969, G5407

snare, ensnare, entrap, trap, trapped, pitfall

Other :: snare, ensnare, entrap, trap, trapped, pitfall

Definition:

The terms “snare” and “trap” refer to devices that are used to catch animals and keep them from escaping. To “snare” or “ensnare” is to catch with a snare, and to “trap” or “entrap” is to catch with a trap. In the Bible, these terms were also used figuratively to talk about how sin and temptation are like hidden traps that catch people and harm them.

A “snare” is a loop of rope or wire that suddenly pulls tight when an animal steps into it, ensnaring its leg.
A “trap” is usually made of metal or wood and has two parts that suddenly and powerfully close together, catching an animal so it can’t get away. Sometimes a trap can be a deep hole that has been made in order to get something to fall into it.
Usually the snare or trap is hidden so that its prey is taken by surprise.
The phrase “set a trap” means to get a trap ready to capture something.
To “fall into a trap” refers to falling into a deep hole or pit that was dug and hidden in order to catch an animal.
A person who is starts sinning and cannot stop can be described as “ensnared by sin” in a figurative reference to the way an animal can be ensnared and cannot escape.
Just as an animal is endangered and hurt by being in a trap, so a person caught in the trap of sin is being harmed by that sin and needs to be set free.

(See also: free, prey, Satan, tempt)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2256, H3353, H3369, H3920, H3921, H4170, H4204, H4434, H4685, H4686, H4889, H5367, H5914, H6341, H6351, H6354, H6679, H6983, H7639, H7845, H8610, G64, G2339, G2340, G3802, G3803, G3985, G4625

snow

Other :: snow

Facts:

The term “snow” refers to white flakes of frozen water that can fall from clouds in places where the air temperature is cold.

Snow falls in places of higher elevation in Israel, but does not always stay on the ground very long before melting. The peaks of mountains tend to have snow that lasts longer. One example of a place mentioned in the Bible as having snow is Mount Lebanon.
Something that is very white often has its color compared to the color of snow. For example, in the book of Revelation Jesus’ clothing and hair were described as being “white as snow.”
The whiteness of snow also symbolizes purity and cleanliness. For example, the statement that our “sins will be as white as snow” means that God will completely cleanse his people from their sins.
Some languages might refer to snow as “frozen rain” or “flakes of ice” or “frozen flakes.”
“Snow water” refers to the water that comes from melted snow.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(Translation suggestions: Translate Names

(See also: Lebanon, pure)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7949, H7950, H8517, G5510

soldier, warrior

Other :: soldier, warrior

Facts:

The terms “warrior” and “soldier” both can refer to someone who fights in an army. But there are also some differences.

Usually the term “warrior” is a general, broad term to refer to a man who is gifted and courageous in battle.
Yahweh is figuratively described as a “warrior.”
The term “soldier” more specifically refers to someone who belongs to a certain army or who is fighting in a certain battle.
Roman soldiers in Jerusalem were there to keep order and to carry out duties such as executing prisoners. They guarded Jesus before crucifying him and some were ordered to stand guard at his tomb.
The translator should consider whether there are two words in the project language for “warrior” and “soldier” that also differ in meaning and use.

(See also: courage, crucify, Rome, tomb)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H352, H510, H1368, H1416, H1995, H2389, H2428, H2502, H3715, H4421, H5971, H6518, H6635, H7273, H7916, G4686, G4753, G4754, G4757, G4758, G4961

sorcerer, sorceress, sorcery, sorceries, witchcraft, magician

Other :: sorcerer, sorceress, sorcery, sorceries, witchcraft, magician

Definition:

“Sorcery” or “witchcraft” refers to using magic, which involves doing powerful things through the help of evil spirits. A “sorcerer” is someone who does these powerful, magical things.

The use of magic and sorcery can involve both beneficial things (such as healing someone) and harmful things (such as putting a curse on someone). But all kinds of sorcery are wrong, because they use the power of evil spirits.
In the Bible, God says that the use of sorcery is as evil as other terrible sins (such as adultery, worshiping idols, and child sacrifice).
The terms “sorcery” and “witchcraft” could also be translated as “evil spirit power” or “casting spells.”
Possible ways to translated “sorcerer” could include “worker of magic” or “person who casts spells” or “person who does miracles using evil spirit power.”
Note that “sorcery” has a different meaning than the term “divination,” which refers to attempting to contact the spirit world.

(See also: adultery, demon, divination, false god, magic, sacrifice, worship)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3784, H3785, H3786, H6049, G3095, G3096, G3097, G5331, G5332, G5333

spear, spearmen

Other :: spear, spearmen

Definition:

A spear is a weapon with a long wooden handle and sharp metal blade on one end that is thrown a long distance.

Spears were commonly used for war in biblical times. They are sometimes still used in present-day conflicts between certain people groups.
A spear was used by a Roman soldier to pierce the side of Jesus while he hung on the cross.
Sometimes people throw spears to catch fish or other prey to eat.
Similar weapons are the “javelin” or “lance.”
Make sure that the translation of “spear” is different from the translation of “sword,” which is a weapon that is used for thrusting or stabbing, not throwing. Also, a sword has a long blade with a handle, while a spear has a small blade on the end of a long shaft.

(See also: prey, Rome, sword, warrior)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1265, H2595, H3591, H6767, H7013, H7420, G3057

splendor

Other :: splendor

Definition:

The term “splendor” refers to the extreme beauty and elegance that is often associated with wealth and a magnificent appearance.

Often splendor is used to describe the wealth that a king has, or how he looks in his expensive, beautiful finery.
The word “splendor” can also be used to describe the beauty of trees, mountains, and other things that God has created.
Certain cities are said to have splendor because of o their natural resources, elaborate buildings and roads, and the wealth of their people, which includes rich clothing, gold, and silver.
Depending on the context, this word could be translated as “magnificent beauty” or “amazing majesty” or “kingly greatness.”

(See also: glory, king, majesty)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1925, H1926, H1927, H1935, H2091, H2122, H2892, H3314, H3519, H6643, H7613, H8597

staff, clubs

Other :: staff, clubs

Definition:

A staff is a long wooden stick or rod, often used as a walking stick.

When Jacob was old, he used a staff to help him walk.
God turned Moses’ staff into a snake to show his power to Pharaoh.
Shepherds also used a staff to help guide their sheep, or to rescue the sheep when they fell or wandered.
The shepherd’s staff had a hook on the end, so it differed from the shepherd’s rod, which was straight and was used to kill wild animals that were trying to attack the sheep.

(See also: Pharaoh, power, sheep, shepherd)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4132, H4294, H4731, H4938, H6086, H6418, H7626, G2563, G3586, G4464

statute

Other :: statute

Definition:

A statute is a specific written law that provides guidance for people to live by.

The term “statute” is similar in meaning to “ordinance” and “command” and “law” and “decree.” All these terms involve instructions and requirements that God gives to his people or rulers give to their people.
King David said that he delighted himself in Yahweh’s statutes.
The term “statute” could also be translated as “specific command” or “special decree.”

(See also: command, decree, law, ordinance, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2706, H2708, H7010, G1345

stiff-necked, stubborn, stubbornness

Other :: stiff-necked, stubborn, stubbornness

Definition:

The term “stiff-necked” is an idiom used in the Bible to describe people who keep disobeying God and refuse to repent. Such people are very proud and will not submit to God’s authority.

Similarly, the term “stubborn” describes a person who refuses to change his mind or actions even when urged to do so. Stubborn people will not listen to good advice or warnings that other people give them.
The Old Testament described the Israelites as “stiff-necked” because they did not listen to the many messages from God’s prophets who urged them to repent and turn back to Yahweh.
If a neck is “stiff” it does not bend easily. The project language may have a different idiom that communicates that a person is “unbending” in that he refuses to change his ways.
Other ways to translate this term could include “pridefully stubborn” or “arrogant and unyielding” or “refusing to change.”

(See also: arrogant, proud, repent)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H47, H3513, H5637, H6203, H6484, H7185, H7186, H7190, H8307, G483, G4644, G4645

storehouse

Other :: storehouse

Definition:

A “storehouse” is a large building that is used for keeping food or other things, often for a long time.

In the Bible a “storehouse” was usually used to store extra grain and other food to be used later when there was a famine.
This term was also used figuratively to refer to all the good things that God wants to give to his people.
The storehouses of the temple contained valuable things that had been dedicated to Yahweh, such as gold and silver. Some of these things used to repair and maintain the temple were also kept there.
Other ways to translate “storehouse” could include “a building for storing grain” or “place for keeping food” or “room for keeping valuable things safe.”

(See also: consecrate, dedicate, famine, gold, grain, silver, temple)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H214, H618, H624, H4035, H4200, H4543, G596

strength, strengthen, strong

Other :: strength, strengthen, strong

Facts:

The term “strength” refers to physical, emotional, or spiritual power. To “strengthen” someone or something means to make that person or object stronger.

“Strength” can also refer to the power to withstand some kind of opposing force.
A person has “strength of will” if he is able to avoid sinning when tempted.
One writer of the Psalms called Yahweh his “strength” because God helped him to be strong.
If a physical structure like a wall or building is being “strengthened,” people are rebuilding the structure, reinforcing it with more stones or brick so that it can withstand an attack.

Translation Suggestions

In general, the term “strengthen” can be translated as “cause to be strong” or “make more powerful.”
In a spiritual sense, the phrase “strengthen your brothers” could also be translated as “encourage your brothers” or “help your brothers to persevere.”
The following examples show the meaning of these terms, and therefore how they can be translated, when they are included in longer expressions.
- “puts strength on me like a belt” means “causes me to be completely strong, like a belt that completely surrounds my waist.”
- “in quietness and trust will be your strength” means “acting calmly and trusting in God will make you spiritually strong.”
- “will renew their strength” means “will become stronger again.”
- “by my strength and by my wisdom I acted” means “I have done all this because I am so strong and wise.”
- “strengthen the wall” means “reinforce the wall” or “rebuild the wall.”
- “I will strengthen you” means “I will cause you to be strong”
- “in Yahweh alone are salvation and strength” means “Yahweh is the only one who saves us and strengthens us.”
- “the rock of your strength” means “the faithful one who makes you strong”
- “with the saving strength of his right hand” means “he strongly rescues you from trouble like someone who holds you safely with his strong hand.”
- “of little strength” means “not very strong” or “weak.”
- “with all my strength” means “using my best efforts” or “strongly and completely.”

(See also: faithful, persevere, right hand, save)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H193, H202, H353, H360, H386, H410, H553, H556, H1369, H1396, H2220, H2388, H2391, H2392, H2393, H2428, H3027, H3028, H3559, H3581, H3811, H3955, H4581, H5326, H5331, H5582, H5797, H5807, H5810, H5934, H5975, H6106, H6109, H6697, H6965, H7292, H7307, H8003, H8443, H8632, H8633, G461, G950, G1411, G1412, G1743, G1765, G1840, G1991, G2479, G2480, G2901, G2904, G3619, G3756, G4599, G4732, G4733, G4741

strife, disputes, quarrel, arguing, conflict

Other :: strife, disputes, quarrel, arguing, conflict

Definition:

The term “strife” refers to physical or emotional conflict between people.

A person who causes strife does things that result in strong disagreements between people and in hurt feelings.
Sometimes the use of the word “strife” implies that strong emotions are involved, such as anger or bitterness.
Other ways to translate this term could include “disagreement” or “dispute” or “conflict.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1777, H1779, H4066, H4090, H4683, H4808, H7379, H7701, G485, G2052, G2054, G3055, G3163, G5379

strong drink

Other :: strong drink

Definition:

The term “strong drink” refers to drinks that have been fermented and have alcohol in them.

Alcoholic drinks are made from either grain or fruit and have undergone fermentation.
Kinds of “strong drink” include grape wine, palm wine, beer, and apple cider. In the Bible, grape wine was the most frequently mentioned strong drink.
Priests and anyone who took a special vow such as the “Nazirite vow” were not permitted to drink fermented drinks.
This term could also be translated as “fermented drink” or “alcoholic drink.”

(See also: grape, Nazirite, vow, wine)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5435, H7941, G4608

stronghold, fortifications, fortress, citadel

Other :: stronghold, fortifications, fortress, citadel

Definition:

The terms “stronghold” and “fortress” both refer to places that are well protected against an attack by enemy soldiers. A “citadel” is a fortress inside a city. The term “fortified” describes a city or other place that has been made safe from attack.

Often, strongholds and fortresses were manmade structures with defensive walls. They could also have been places with natural protective barriers such as rocky cliffs or high mountains.
People fortified strongholds by building thick walls or other structures that made it difficult for an enemy to break through.
“Stronghold” or “fortress” could be translated as “securely strong place” or “strongly protected place.”
The term “fortified city” could be translated as “securely protected city” or “strongly built city.”
Another figurative meaning for the term “stronghold” referred to something that someone wrongly trusted in for security, such as a false god or other thing that was worshiped instead of Yahweh. This could be translated as “false strongholds.”
This term should be translated differently from “refuge,” which emphasizes safety more than the concept of being fortified.

(See also: false god, false god, refuge, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H490, H553, H759, H1001, H1002, H1003, H1219, H1225, H2388, H4013, H4026, H4581, H4526, H4679, H4685, H4686, H4692, H4694, H4869, H5794, H5797, H5800, H6438, H6877, H7682, G3794, G3925

stumble, reeling

Other :: stumble, reeling

Definition:

The term “stumble” means “almost fall” when walking or running. Usually it involves tripping over something.

Figuratively, to “stumble” can mean to “sin” or to “falter” in believing.
This term can also refer to faltering or showing weakness when fighting a battle or when being persecuted or punished.

Translation Suggestions

In contexts where the term “stumble” means to physically trip over something, it should be translated with a term that means “almost fall” or “trip over.”
This literal meaning could also be used in a figurative context, if it communicates the correct meaning in that context.
For figurative uses where the literal meaning would not make sense in the project language, “stumble” could be translated as “sin” or “falter” or “stop believing” or “become weak,” depending on the context.
Another way to translate this term could be, “stumble by sinning” or “stumble by not believing.”
The phrase “made to stumble” could be translated as “caused to become weak” or “caused to falter.”

(See also: believe, persecute, sin, stumbling block)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1762, H3782, H4383, H5062, H5063, H5307, H6328, H6761, H8058, G679, G4348, G4350, G4417, G4624, G4625

stumbling block, stone of stumbling

Other :: stumbling block, stone of stumbling

Definition:

The term “stumbling block” or “stone of stumbling” refers to a physical object that causes a person to trip and fall.

A figurative stumbling block is anything that causes a person to fail in a moral or spiritual sense.
Also figuratively, a “stumbling block” or “stone of stumbling” can be something that prevents someone from having faith in Jesus or that causes someone to not grow spiritually.
Often it is sin that is like a stumbling block to oneself or to others.
Sometimes God places a stumbling block in the way of people who are rebelling against him.

Translation Suggestions:

If a language has a term for an object that triggers a trap, that word could be used to translate this term.
This term could also be translated as “stone that causes stumbling” or “something that causes someone to not believe” or “obstacle that causes doubt” or “obstacle to faith” or “something that causes someone to sin.”

(See also: stumble, sin)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4383, G3037, G4349, G4625

subject, be subject to, subjection

Other :: subject, be subject to, subjection

Facts:

A person is the “subject” of another person if the second person rules over the first. To “be subject to” is to “obey” or to “submit to the authority of.”

The phrase “put in subjection to” refers to causing people to be under the authority of a leader or ruler.
To “subject someone to something” means to cause that person to experience something negative, such as punishment.
Sometimes the term “subject” is used to refer to being the topic or focus of something, such as in, “you will be the subject of ridicule.”
The phrase “be subject to” means the same as “be submissive to” or “submit to.”

(See also: submit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1697, H3533, H3665, H4522, H5647, H5927, G350, G1379, G1396, G1777, G3663, G5292, G5293

submit, submission, in submission

Other :: submit, submission, in submission

Definition:

To “submit” usually means to voluntarily place oneself under the authority of a person or government.

The Bible tells believers in Jesus to submit to God and other authorities in their lives.
The instruction to “submit to one another” means to humbly accept correction and to focus on the needs of others rather than on our own needs.
To “live in submission to” means to put oneself under the authority of something or someone.

Translation Suggestions:

The command “submit to” could be translated as “put yourself under the authority of” or “follow the leadership of” or “humbly honor and respect”
The term “submission” could be translated as “obedience” or “the following of authority.”
The phrase “live in submission to” could be translated as “be obedient to” or “put oneself under the authority of.”
The phrase “be in submission” could be translated as “humbly accept authority.”

(See also: subject)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3584, G5226, G5293

sulfur, sulfurous

Other :: sulfur, sulfurous

Definition:

Sulfur is a yellow substance that becomes a burning liquid when it is set on fire.

Sulfur also has a very strong smell that is like the odor of rotten eggs.
In the Bible, burning sulfur is a symbol of God’s judgment on ungodly and rebellious people.
During the time of Lot, God rained down fire and sulfur on the evil cities of Sodom and Gomorrah.
In some English Bible versions, sulfur is referred to as “brimstone,” which literally means “burning stone.”

Translation Suggestions:

Possible translations of this term could include “yellow stone that burns” or “burning yellowish rock.”

(See also: Gomorrah, judge, Lot, rebel, Sodom, godly)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1614, G2303

sweep

Other :: sweep

Facts:

To “sweep” usually means to remove dirt by making broad, quick movements with a broom or brush. “Swept” is the past tense of “sweep.” These words are also used figuratively.

The term “sweep” is used figuratively to describe how an army attacks with swift, decisive, wide-reaching movements.
For example, Isaiah prophesied that the Assyrians would “sweep through” the Kingdom of Judah. This means they would destroy Judah and capture its people.
The term “sweep” can also be used to describe the manner in which rapidly flowing water pushes things and forces them away.
When overwhelming, difficult things are happening to a person, it can be said that they are “sweeping over” him.

(See also: Assyria, Isaiah, Judah, prophet)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H622, H857, H1640, H2498, H2894, H3261, H5500, H5595, H7857, G4216, G4563, G4951

sword, swordsmen

Other :: sword, swordsmen

Definition:

A sword is a flat-bladed metal weapon used to cut or stab. It has a handle and a long, pointed blade with a very sharp cutting edge.

In ancient times the length of a sword’s blade was about 60 to 91 centimeters.
Some swords have two sharp edges and are called “double-edged” or “two-edged” swords.
Jesus’ disciples had swords for self defense. With his sword, Peter cut off the ear of the high priest’s servant.
Both John the Baptist and the apostle James were beheaded with swords.

Translation Suggestions

A sword is used as a metaphor for God’s word. God’s teachings in the Bible exposed people’s innermost thoughts and convicted them of their sin. In a similar way, a sword cuts deeply, causing pain. (See: Metaphor
One way to translate this figurative use would be, “God’s word is like a sword, which cuts deeply and exposes sin.”
Another figurative use of this term occurred in the book of Psalms, where the tongue or speech of a person was compared to a sword, which can injure people. This could be translated as “the tongue is like a sword that can badly injure someone.”
If swords are not known in your culture, this word could be translated with the name of another long-bladed weapon that is used to cut or stab.
A sword could also be described as a “sharp weapon” or “long knife.” Some translations could include a picture of a sword.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H19, H1300, H2719, H4380, H6609, H7524, H7973, G3162, G4501

teach, teaching, untaught

Other :: teach, teaching, untaught

Definition:

To “teach” someone is to tell him something he doesn’t already know. It can also mean to “provide information” in general, with no reference to the person who is learning. Usually the information is given in a formal or systematic way. A person’s “teaching” is or his “teachings” are what he has taught.

A “teacher” is someone who teaches. The past action of “teach” is “taught.”
When Jesus was teaching, he was explaining things about God and his kingdom.
Jesus’ disciples called him “Teacher” as a respectful form of address for someone who taught people about God.
The information that is being taught can be shown or spoken.
The term “doctrine” refers to a set of teachings from God about himself as well as God’s instructions about how to live. This could also be translated as “teachings from God” or “what God teaches us.”
The phrase “what you have been taught” could also be translated as “what these people have taught you” or “what God has taught you,” depending on the context.
Other ways to translate “teach” could include “tell” or “explain” or “instruct.”
Often this term can be translated as “teaching people about God.”

(See also: instruct, teacher, word of God)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H502, H2094, H2449, H3045, H3046, H3256, H3384, H3925, H3948, H7919, H8150, G1317, G1321, G1322, G2085, G2605, G2727, G3100, G2312, G2567, G3811, G4994

tent, tentmakers

Other :: tent, tentmakers

Definition:

A tent is a portable shelter made of sturdy fabric that is draped over a structure of poles and attached to them.

Tents can be small, with just enough space for a few people to sleep in, or they can be very large, with space for an entire family to sleep, cook, and live in.
For many people, tents are used as permanent dwelling places. For example, during most of the time that Abraham’s family lived in the land of Canaan, they dwelled in large tents constucted from sturdy cloth made of goat hair.
The Israelites also lived in tents during their forty-year wanderings through the desert of Sinai.
The tabernacle building was a kind of very large tent, with thick walls made of cloth curtains.
When the apostle Paul traveled to different cities to share the gospel, he supported himself by making tents.
The term “tents” is sometimes used figuratively to refer generally to where people live. This could also be translated as “homes” or “dwellings” or “houses” or even “bodies.” (See: synecdoche

(See also: Abraham, Canaan, curtain, Paul, Sinai, tabernacle, tent of meeting)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H167, H168, H2583, H3407, H6898

tenth, tithe

Other :: tenth, tithe

Definition:

The terms “tenth” and “tithe” refer to “ten percent” or “one-out-of-ten portion” of one’s money, crops, livestock, or other possessions, which is given to God.

In the Old Testament, God instructed the Israelites to set aside a tenth of their belongings to give as an offering of thanksgiving to him.
This offering was used to support the Levite tribe of Israel who served the Israelites as priests and caretakers of the tabernacle and later, the temple.
In the New Testament, God does not require giving a tithe, but instead he instructs believers to generously and cheerfully help people in need and support the work of Christian ministry.
This could also be translated as “one-tenth” or “one out of ten.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4643, H6237, H6241, G586, G1181, G1183

terror, terrorize, terrify, dread, panic

Other :: terror, terrorize, terrify, dread, panic

Definition:

The term “terror” refers to a feeling of extreme or intense fear. To “terrify” someone means to cause that person to feel very afraid.

A “terror” is something or someone that causes great fear or dread. An example of a terror could be an attacking enemy army or a plague or disease that is widespread, killing many people.
These terrors can be described as “terrifying.” This term could be translated as “fear-causing” or “terror-producing.”
The judgment of God will someday cause terror in unrepentant people who reject his grace.
The “terror of Yahweh” could be translated as “the terrifying presence of Yahweh” or “the dreaded judgment of Yahweh” or “when Yahweh causes great fear.”
Ways to translate “terror” could also include “extreme fear” or “deep dread.”

(See also: adversary, fear, judge, plague, Yahweh)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H367, H926, H928, H1091, H1161, H1204, H1205, H1763, H2111, H2113, H2189, H2731, H2847, H2851, H2865, H3372, H3707, H4032, H4172, H4288, H4637, H6184, H6206, H6343, H6973, G1629, G1630, G2258, G4422, G4426, G5401

thief, rob, robber, robbery, bandits

Other :: thief, rob, robber, robbery, bandits

Facts:

The term “thief” refers to a person who steals money or property from other people. The plural of “thief” is “thieves.” The term “robber” often refers to a thief who also physically harms or threatens the people he is stealing from.

Jesus told a parable about a Samaritan man who took care of a Jewish man who had been attacked by robbers. The robbers had beaten the Jewish man and wounded him before stealing his money and clothing.
Both thieves and robbers come suddenly to steal, when people are not expecting it. Often they use the cover of darkness to hide what they are doing.
In a figurative sense, the New Testament describes Satan as a thief who comes to steal, kill, and destroy. This means that Satan’s plan is to try to get God’s people to stop obeying him. If he succeeded in doing this Satan would be stealing from them the good things that God has planned for them.
Jesus compared the suddenness of his return to the suddenness of a thief coming to steal from people. Just as a thief comes at a time when people are not expecting it, so Jesus will return at a time when people do not expect it.

(See also: bless, crime, crucify, darkness, destroyer, power, Samaria, Satan)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1214, H1215, H1416, H1589, H1590, H1980, H6530, H7703, G727, G2417, G2812, G3027

thorn, thorn bush, thistle

Other :: thorn, thorn bush, thistle

Facts:

Thorn bushes and thistles are plants that have prickly branches or flowers. These plants do not produce fruit or anything else that is useful.

A “thorn” is a hard, sharp growth on the branch or stem of a plant. A “thornbush” is a type of small tree or shrub that has many thorns on its branches.
A “thistle” is a plant with prickly stems and leaves. Often the flowers are purple.
Thorn and thistle plants multiply quickly and can cause nearby plants or crops to not be able to grow. This is a picture of how sin keeps a person from producing good spiritual fruit.
A crown made of twisted thorn branches was placed on Jesus’ head before he was crucified.
If possible, these terms should be translated by the names of two different plants or bushes that are known in the language area.

(See also: crown, fruit, spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H329, H1863, H2312, H2336, H4534, H5285, H5518, H5544, H6791, H6796, H6975, H7063, H7898, G173, G174, G4647, G5146

thresh

Other :: thresh

Definition:

The terms “thresh” and “threshing” refer to the first part of the process of separating grain from the rest of the plant.

Threshing a crop loosens the grain from the stalk. Afterwards the grain is “winnowed” to completely separate the seed from all unwanted materials, leaving only the part the grain that can be eaten.
In Bible times, a “threshing floor” was a large flat rock or an area of packed-down dirt, giving a hard, level surface to crush the grain stalks and remove the grain.
A “threshing cart” or “threshing wheel” was sometimes used to crush the grain and help separate it from the straw and chaff.
A “threshing sledge” or “threshing board” was also used for separating grain. It was made of wooden boards that had sharp metal spikes on the end.

(See also: chaff, grain, winnow)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H212, H4173, H1637, H1758, H1786, H1869, H2251, G248

threshold, doorway

Other :: threshold, doorway

Definition:

The term “threshold” refers to the bottom part of a doorway or the part of a building that is just inside the door.

Sometimes a threshold is a strip of wood or stone that must be stepped over in order to enter a room or building.
Both a gate and the opening to a tent can also have a threshold.
This term should be translated with a term in the project language that refers to the place at the very entrance to a home that a person steps across.
If there is no term for this, “threshold” could also be translated as “doorway” or “opening” or “entranceway,” depending on the context.

(See also: gate, tent)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4670, H5592

throne, enthroned

Other :: throne, enthroned

Definition:

A throne is a specially-designed chair where a ruler sits when he decides important matters and listens to requests from his people.

A throne is also a symbol of the authority and power that a ruler has.
The word “throne” can also be used to refer to the ruler, his reign, or his power.
In the Bible, God was often portrayed as a king who sits on his throne. Jesus was described as sitting on a throne at the right hand of God the Father.
Jesus said that heaven is God’s throne. One way to translate this could be, “where God reigns as king.”

(See also: authority, power, king, reign)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3427, H3676, H3678, H3764, H7675, G968, G2362

time, untimely, date

Other :: time, untimely, date

Facts:

In the Bible the term “time” was often used figuratively to refer to a specific season or period of time when certain events took place. It has a meaning similar to “age” or “epoch” or “season.”

“Time” can mean “occasion” in a phrase like “third time.” The phrase “many times” can mean “on many occasions.”
Depending on the context, the term “time” could be translated as, “season” or “time period” or “moment” or “event” or “occurrence.”
The phrase “times and seasons” is a figurative expression which states the same idea twice. This could also be translated as “certain events happening in certain time periods.” (See: doublet

(See also: age, tribulation)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H116, H227, H310, H1697, H1755, H2165, H2166, H2233, H2465, H3027, H3117, H3118, H3119, H3259, H3427, H3967, H4150, H4279, H4489, H4557, H5331, H5703, H5732, H5750, H5769, H6235, H6256, H6440, H6471, H6635, H6924, H7105, H7138, H7223, H7272, H7281, H7637, H7651, H7655, H7659, H7674, H7992, H8027, H8032, H8138, H8145, H8462, H8543, G744, G530, G1074, G1208, G1441, G1597, G1626, G1909, G2034, G2119, G2121, G2235, G2250, G2540, G3461, G3568, G3764, G3819, G3956, G3999, G4178, G4181, G4183, G4218, G4287, G4340, G4455, G5119, G5151, G5305, G5550, G5551, G5610

tongue, language

Other :: tongue, language

Definition:

The term “tongue” refers to the organ inside a person’s mouth that is used to speak. The term is often used figuratively to mean “language” or “speaking.” There also several other figurative meanings as well.

In the Bible, the most common figurative meaning for this term is “language” or “speech.”
Sometimes “tongue” may refer to a human language spoken by a certain people group.
Other times it refers to a supernatural language that the Holy Spirit gives believers in Christ as one of the “gifts of the Spirit.”
In the book of Acts, the expression “tongues” of fire refers to “flames” of fire, presumably shaped like tongues.

Translation Suggestions

Depending on the context, the term “tongue” can be translated as “language” or “supernatural language.” If it is not clear which one it is referring to, it is better to translate it as “language.”
When referring to fire, this term could be translated as “flames.”
The expression “my tongue rejoices” could be translated as “I rejoice and praise God” or “I am joyfully praising God.”
The phrase, “tongue that lies” could be translated as “person who tell lies” or “people who lie.”
Phrases such as “with their tongues” could be translated as “with what they say” or “by their words.”

(See also: gift, Holy Spirit, joy, praise, rejoice, spirit)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3956, G1100, G1258, G2084

torment, tormented, tormentors

Other :: torment, tormented, tormentors

Facts:

The term “torment” refers to terrible suffering. To torment someone means to cause that person to suffer, often in a cruel way.

Sometimes the term “torment” refers to physical pain and suffering. For example, the book of Revelation describes physical torment that worshipers of the “beast” will suffer in the end times.
Suffering may also take the form of spiritual and emotional pain, as experienced by Job.
The apostle John wrote in the book of Revelation that people who do not believe in Jesus as their Savior will experience eternal torment in the lake of fire.
This term could be translated as “terrible suffering” or “cause someone to suffer greatly” or “agony.” Some translators may add “physical” or “spiritual” to make the meaning clear.

(See also: beast, everlasting, Job, Savior, spirit, suffer, worship)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3013, G928, G929, G930, G931, G2558, G2851, G3600

tradition

Other :: tradition

Definition:

The term “tradition” refers to a custom or practice that has been kept over time and which is passed down to people in later generations.

Often in the Bible the word “traditions” referred to teachings and practices that people made, not God’s laws. The expression “tradition of men” or “human tradition” makes this clear.
Phrases such as “traditions of the elders” or “traditions of my fathers” referred specifically to Jewish customs and practices that Jewish leaders over time had added to the laws God gave to the Israelites through Moses. Even though these added traditions had not come from God, people thought they had to obey them in order to be righteous.
The apostle Paul used the term “tradition” in a different way to refer to teachings about Christian practice that came from God and that he and other apostles had taught new believers.
In modern times, there are many Christian traditions that are not taught in the Bible, but rather are the result of historically accepted customs and practices. These traditions should always be evaluated in light of what God teaches us in the Bible.

(See also: apostle, believe, Christian, ancestor, generation, Jew, law, Moses)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: G3862

trample

Other :: trample

Definition:

To “trample” means to step on something and smash it with the feet. This term is also used figuratively in the Bible to mean “destroy” or “defeat” or “humiliate.”

An example of “trampling” would be the smashing down of grass by the feet of people running in a field…
In ancient times, wine was sometimes made by trampling grapes to remove the juice from them.
Sometimes the term to “trample” has a figurative meaning of to “punish by humiliating,” comparing it to trampling mud for a threshing floor.
The term “trample” was used figuratively to express how Yahweh would punish his people Israel for their pride and rebellion.
Other ways that “trample” could be translated include “crush with the feet” or “smash down with the feet” or “stomp on and crush” or “smash into the ground.”
Depending on the context, this term could also be translated

(See also: grape, shame, punish, rebel, thresh, wine)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H947, H1758, H1869, H4001, H4823, H7429, H7512, G2662, G3961

tremble, stagger

Other :: tremble, stagger

Definition:

The term “tremble” means to quiver or to shake slightly and repeatedly, usually from fear or distress. The term can also be used figuratively, meaning “to be very afraid.”

Sometimes when the ground shakes it is said to “tremble.” It can do this during an earthquake or in response to a very loud noise.
The Bible says that in the presence of the Lord the earth will tremble. This could mean that the people of the earth will shake out of fear of God or that the earth itself will shake.
This term could be translated as “be afraid” or “fear God” or “shake,” depending on the context.

(See also: earth, fear, Lord)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1674, H2111, H2112, H2151, H2342, H2648, H2729, H2730, H2731, H5128, H5568, H6342, H6426, H6427, H7264, H7268, H7269, H7322, H7460, H7461, H7481, H7493, H7578, H8078, H8653, G1790, G5141, G5156, G5425

trial, proving

Other :: trial, proving

Definition:

The term “trial” refers to a situation in which something or someone is “tried” or tested.

A trial can be a judicial hearing in which evidence is given to prove whether a person is innocent or guilty of wrongdoing.
The term “trial” can also refer to difficult circumstances that a person goes through as God tests their faith. Another word for this is “a testing” or “a temptation” is one particular type of trial.
Many people in the Bible were tested to see if they would continue to believe and obey God. They went through trials which included being beaten, imprisoned, or even killed because of their faith.

(See also: tempt, test, innocent, guilt)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H974, H4531, H4941, H7378, G178, G1383, G2919, G3986

tribe, tribal, tribesmen

Other :: tribe, tribal, tribesmen

Definition:

A tribe is a group of people who are descended from a common ancestor.

People from the same tribe usually also share a common language and culture.
In the Old Testament, God divided the people of Israel into twelve tribes. Each tribe was descended from a son or grandson of Jacob.
A tribe is smaller than a nation, but larger than a clan.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H523, H4294, H7625, H7626, G1429, G5443

tribulation, distresses, trouble

Other :: tribulation, distresses, trouble

Definition:

The term “tribulation” refers to a time of hardship, suffering, and distress.

It is explained in the New Testament that Christians will endure times of persecution and other kinds of tribulation because many people in this world are opposed to Jesus’ teachings.
The term “tribulation” could also be translated as “time of great suffering” or “deep distress” or “severe difficulties.”

(See also: earth, teach, wrath)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6869, G2347, G4423

tribute, contribution, fined

Other :: tribute, contribution, fined

Definition:

The term “tribute” refers to a gift from one ruler to another ruler, for the purpose of protection and for good relations between their nations. A tribute can also be a payment that a ruler or government requires from the people, such as a toll or tax.

In Bible times, traveling kings or rulers sometimes paid a tribute to the king of the region they were traveling through to make sure they would be protected and safe.
Often the tribute would include things besides money, such as foods, spices, rich clothing, and expensive metals such as gold.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, “tribute” could be translated as “official gifts” or “special tax” or “required payment.”

(See also: gold, king, ruler, tax)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1093, H4061, H4503, H4530, H4853, H6066, H7862, G5411

trouble, disturb, stir up, distress, hardship, calamity

Other :: trouble, disturb, stir up, distress, hardship, calamity

Definition:

A “trouble” is an experience in life that is very difficult and distressing. To “trouble” someone means to “bother” that person or to cause him distress. To be “troubled” means to feel upset or distressed about something.

Troubles can be physical, emotional, or spiritual things that hurt a person.
In the Bible, often troubles are times of testing that God uses to help believers mature and grow in their faith.
The Old Testament use of “trouble” also referred to judgment that came on people groups who were immoral and rejected God.

Translation Suggestions

The term “trouble” or “troubles” could also be translated as “danger” or “painful things that happen” or “persecution” or “difficult experiences” or “distress.”
The term “troubled” could be translated with a word or phrase that means “undergoing distress” or “feeling terrible distress” or “worried” or “anxious” or “distressed” or “terrified” or “disturbed.”
“Don’t trouble her” could also be translated as “don’t bother her” or “don’t criticize her.”
The phrase “day of trouble” or “times of trouble” could also be translated as “when you experience distress” or “when difficult things happen to you” or “when God causes distressing things to happen.”
Ways to translate “make trouble” or “bring trouble” could include “cause distressing things to happen” or “cause difficulties” or “make them experience very difficult things.”

(See also: afflict, persecute)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H205, H926, H927, H1204, H1607, H1644, H1804, H2000, H4103, H5916, H5999, H6031, H6040, H6470, H6696, H6862, H6869, H6887, H7264, H7267, H7451, H7489, H8513, G387, G1613, G1776, G2346, G2347, G2350, G2360, G2873, G3636, G3926, G3930, G3986, G4423, G4660, G5015, G5182

trumpet, trumpeters

Other :: trumpet, trumpeters

Definition:

The term “trumpet” refers to an instrument for producing music or for calling people to gather together for an announcement or meeting.

A trumpet was commonly made from either metal, seashell, or an animal horn.
Trumpets were most commonly blown to call people to come together for battle, and for Israel’s public assemblies.
The book of Revelation describes a scene in the end times in which angels blow their trumpets to signal the outpouring of the wrath of God on the earth.

(See also: angel, assembly, earth, horn, Israel, wrath)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2689, H2690, H3104, H7782, H8619, H8643, G4536, G4537, G4538

tunic

Other :: tunic

Definition:

In the Bible, the term “tunic” referred to a garment that was worn next to the skin, under other clothing.

A tunic reached from the shoulders down to the waist or knees and was usually worn with a belt. Tunics worn by wealthy people sometimes had sleeves and reached down to the ankles.
Tunics were made of leather, haircloth, wool, or linen, and were worn by both men and women.
A tunic was normally worn under a longer over-garment, such as a toga or outer robe. In warmer weather a tunic was sometimes worn with no outer garment.
This term could be translated as “long shirt” or “long undergarment” or “shirt-like garment.” It could also be written in a similar way to “tunic,” with a note to explain what kind of clothing it was.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See Also: robe)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2243, H3801, H6361, G5509

turn, turn away, turn back, return

Other :: turn, turn away, turn back, return

Definition:

To “turn” means to physically change direction or to cause something else to change direction.

The term “turn” can also mean “turn around” to look behind or to face a different direction.
To “turn back” or “turn away” means to “go back” or “go away” or “cause to go away.”
To “turn away from” can mean to “stop” doing something or to reject someone.
To “turn toward” someone means to look directly at that person.
To “turn and leave” or “turn his back to leave” means to “go away.”
To “turn back to” means to “start doing something again.”
To “turn away from” means to “stop doing something.”

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, “turn” can be translated as “change direction” or “go” or “move.”
In some contexts, “turn” could be translated as “cause” (someone) to do something. To “turn (someone) away from” could be translated as “cause (someone) to go away” or “cause (someone) to stop.”
The phrase “turn away from God” could be translated as “stop worshiping God.”
The phrase “turn back to God” could be translated as “start worshiping God again.”
When enemies “turn back,” it means they “retreat.” To “turn back the enemy” means to “cause the enemy to retreat.”
Used figuratively, when Israel “turned to” false gods, they “started to worship” them. When they “turned away” from idols, they “stopped worshiping” them.
When God “turned away from” his rebellious people, he “stopped protecting” or “stopped helping” them.
The phrase “turn the hearts of the fathers to their children” could be translated as “cause fathers to care for their children again.”
The expression “turn my honor into shame” could be translated as “cause my honor to become shame” or “dishonor me so that I am shamed” or “shame me (by doing what is evil) so that people no longer honor me.”
“I will turn your cities into ruin” could be translated as “I will cause your cities to be destroyed” or “I will cause enemies to destroy your cities.”
The phrase “turn into” could be translated as “become.” When Moses’ rod “turned into” a snake, it “became” a snake. It could also be translated as “changed into.”

(See also: false god, leprosy, worship)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0541, H2015, H2017, H2186, H2559, H3943, H4672, H4740, H4878, H5186, H5253, H5414, H5437, H5472, H5493, H5528, H5627, H5753, H6437, H7227, H7725, H7734, H7750, H7760, H7847, H8159, H8447, G0344, G0387, G0402, G0654, G0665, G0868, G1294, G1578, G1612, G1624, G1994, G3179, G3313, G3329, G3344, G3346, G4762, G5157, G5290

twelve tribes of Israel, twelve tribes

Other :: twelve tribes of Israel, twelve tribes

Definition:

The term “twelve tribes of Israel” refers to the twelve sons of Jacob and their descendants.

These are the names of Jacob’s twelve sons: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph and Benjamin.
There are several places in the Bible where the list of the twelve tribes is slightly different. Sometimes Levi, Joseph, or Dan is left out of the list and sometimes Joseph’s two sons Ephraim and Manasseh are included in the list.

(See also: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph, Benjamin, Ephraim, Manasseh, Israel, Jacob, tribe)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3478, H7626, H8147, G1427, G2474, G5443

understand, understanding, thinking

Other :: understand, understanding, thinking

Definition:

The term “understand” means to hear or receive information and know what it means.

The term “understanding” can refer to “knowledge” or “wisdom” or realizing how to do something.
To understand someone can also mean to know how that person is feeling.
While walking on the road to Emmaus, Jesus caused the disciples to understand the meaning of the scriptures about the Messiah.
Depending on the context, the term “understand” could be translated by “know” or “believe” or “comprehend” or “know what (something) means.”
Often the term “understanding” can be translated by “knowledge” or “wisdom” or “insight.”

(See also: believe, know, wise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H995, H998, H999, H1847, H2940, H3045, H3820, H3824, H4486, H7200, H7919, H7922, H7924, H8085, H8394, G50, G145, G191, G801, G1097, G1108, G1271, G1921, G1922, G1987, G1990, G2657, G3539, G3563, G4907, G4908, G4920, G5424, G5428, G5429

vain, vanity

Other :: vain, vanity

Definition:

The terms “vain” and “vanity” describe something that is useless or extremely temporary.

In the Old Testament, idols are sometimes described as “vain” things that are worthless and cannot do anything.
If something is done “in vain,” it means that there the effort or action did not accomplish what was intended. The phrase “in vain” might be translated in various ways, including: “without result;” “with no result;” “for no reason;” “for no purpose,” or “with no purpose.”
Depending on the context, the term “vain” could be translated as “empty,” “useless,” “hopeless,” “worthless,” “meaningless,” etc.

(See also: false god, worthy)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1891, H1892, H2600, H7307, H7385, H7387, H7723, H8193, H8267, H8414, G945, G1500, G2756, G2758, G2761, G3151, G3152, G3153, G3155

veil, veiled, unveiled

Other :: veil, veiled, unveiled

Definition:

The term “veil” usually refers to a thin piece of cloth that is used as a head covering, to cover the head or face so that it cannot be seen.

Moses covered his face with a veil after he had been in the presence of Yahweh, so that the brightness of his face would be hidden from the people.
In the Bible, women wore a veil to cover their head, and often their face as well, when they were in public or in the presence of men.
The verb to “veil” means to cover something with a veil.
In some English versions, the word “veil” is used to refer to the thick curtain that covered the entrance into the most holy place. But “curtain” is a better term in that context, since it refers to a heavy, thick piece of cloth.

Translation Suggestions

The term “veil” could also be translated as “thin cloth covering” or “cloth covering” or “head covering.”
In some cultures, there may already be a term for a veil for women. It may be necessary to find a different word when it is used for Moses.

(See also: Moses)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4304, H4533, H4555, H6777, H6809, H7196, H7479, G343, G2571, G2572

vine

Other :: vine

Definition:

The term “vine” refers to a plant that grows by trailing along the ground or by climbing trees and other structures. The word “vine” in the Bible is used only of fruit-bearing vines and usually refers to grape vines.

In the Bible, the word “vine” almost always means “grapevine.”
The branches of the grapevine are attached to the main stem which gives them water and other nutrients so that they can grow.
Jesus called himself the “vine” and called his people the “branches.” In this context, the word “vine” could also be translated as “grapevine stem” or “grape plant stem.” (See: Metaphor

(See also: grape, vineyard)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5139, H1612, H8321, G288, G290, G1009, G1092

vineyard

Other :: vineyard

Definition:

A vineyard is a large garden area where grapevines are grown and grapes are cultivated.

A vineyard often has a wall around it to protect the fruit from thieves and animals.
God compared the people of Israel to a vineyard that did not bear good fruit. (See: Metaphor
Vineyard could be also translated as “grapevine garden” or “grape plantation.”

(See also: grape, Israel, vine)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1612, H3754, H3755, H8284, G290

vision, envision

Other :: vision, envision

Facts:

The term “vision” refers to something that a person sees. It especially refers to something unusual or supernatural that God shows people in order to give them a message.

Usually, visions are seen while the person is awake. However, sometimes a vision is something a person sees in a dream while asleep.
God sends visions to tell people something that is very important. For example, Peter was shown a vision to tell him that God wanted him to welcome Gentiles.

Translation Suggestion

The phrase “saw a vision” could be translated as “saw something unusual from God” or “God showed him something special.”
Some languages may not have separate words for “vision” and “dream.” So a sentence such as “Daniel had dreams and visions in his mind” could be translated as something like “Daniel was dreaming while asleep and God caused him to see unusual things.”

(See also: dream)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2376, H2377, H2378, H2380, H2384, H4236, H4758, H4759, H7203, H7723, H8602, G3701, G3705, G3706

voice

Other :: voice

Definition:

The term “voice” refers to audible sound that a person makes when speaking or communicating. In the Bible, the term can be used figuratively to refer to the concepts of sound, communication, and/or obedience.

Translation Suggestions

The expression “to hear someone’s voice” can mean either “to hear someone speaking” or “to heed what someone says.”
The Bible describes God as “speaking” and having a “voice,” even though God doesn’t have a physical body in the same way a human being does.
The term “voice” sometimes implies the presence of a person, as in this statement: “A voice is heard in the desert saying, ‘Prepare the way of the Lord.’” This could be translated as “A person is heard calling out in the desert….” (See: synecdoche
However, sometimes the word “voice” is used for objects that cannot literally speak, such as when David exclaims in the psalms that the heavens have a “voice” that reaches the whole earth. This means that the objects in the sky communicate something to human beings about God the Creator. (See: metaphor

(See also: call, proclaim, splendor.)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6963, H7032, H7445, H8193, G2906, G5456

walk, walked

Other :: walk, walked

Definition:

The term “walk” is often used in a figurative sense to mean “live.”

“Enoch walked with God” means that Enoch lived in a close relationship with God.
To “walk by the Spirit” means to be guided by the Holy Spirit so that we do things that please and honor God.
To “walk in” God’s commands or God’s ways means to “live in obedience to” his commands, that is, to “obey his commands” or “do his will.”
When God says he will “walk among” his people, it means that he is living among them or closely interacting with them.
To “walk contrary to” means to live or behave in a way that is against something or someone.
To “walk after” means to seek or pursue someone or something. It can also mean to act in the same way as someone else.

Translation Suggestions:

It is best to translate “walk” literally, as long as the correct meaning will be understood.
Otherwise, figurative uses of “walk” could also be translated by “live” or “act” or “behave.”
The phrase “walk by the Spirit” could be translated by, “live in obedience to the Holy Spirit” or “behave in a way that is pleasing to the Holy Spirit” or “do things that are pleasing to God as the Holy Spirit guides you.”
To “walk in God’s commands” could be translated by “live by God’s commands” or “obey God’s commands.”
The phrase “walked with God” could be translated as “lived in close relationship with God by obeying and honoring him.”

(See also: Holy Spirit, honor)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1869, H1980, H1981, H3212, H4108, G1704, G4043, G4198, G4748

waste, wasted, wasteland, becomes weak

Other :: waste, wasted, wasteland, becomes weak

Definition:

To waste something means to carelessly throw it away or to use it unwisely. Something that is a “wasteland” or a “waste” refers to land or a city that has been destroyed so that nothing lives in it anymore.

The term “waste away” is an expression that means to become more and more sick or ruined. A person who is wasting away usually becomes very thin due to illness or lack of food.
To “lay waste” to a city or land means to destroy it.
Another word for a “wasteland” could be “desert” or “wilderness.” But a wasteland also implies that people used to live there and the land used to have trees and plants that produced food.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H535, H1086, H1104, H1326, H2100, H2490, H2522, H2717, H2721, H2723, H3615, H3856, H4127, H4198, H4592, H4743, H5307, H5327, H7334, H7582, H7703, H7736, H7843, H8047, H8074, H8077, H8414, G684, G1287, G2049, G2673

watch (biblical time)

Other :: watch (biblical time)

Definition:

In biblical times, a “watch” was a period of time at night during which a watchman or guard for a city would be on duty looking out for any danger from an enemy.

In the Old Testament, the Israelites had three watches which were called “beginning” (sunset to 10 p.m.), “middle” (10 p.m. to 2 a.m.), and “morning” (2 a.m. to sunrise) watches.
In the New Testament, the Jews followed the Roman system and had four watches, named simply “first” (sunset to 9 p.m.), “second” (9 p.m. to 12 midnight), “third” (12 midnight to 3 a.m.), and “fourth” (3 a.m. to sunrise) watches.
These could also be translated with more general expressions such as “late evening” or “middle of the night” or “very early in the morning,” depending on which watch is being referred to.

(See also: watch)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H821, G5438

watch, guard, keep, take heed, beware

Other :: watch, guard, keep, take heed, beware

Definition:

The term “watch” means to look at something very closely and carefully. It also has several figurative meanings. A “watchman” was someone whose job was to guard a city by looking carefully all around him for any danger or threat to the people in the city.

The command to “watch your life and doctrine closely” means to be careful to live wisely and to not believe false teachings.
To “watch out” is a warning to be careful to avoid a danger or harmful influence.
To “watch” or “keep watch” means to always be alert and on guard against sin and evil. It can also mean to “be ready.”
To “keep watch over” or “keep close watch” can mean to guard, protect or take care of someone or something.
Other ways of translating “watch” could include “pay close attention to” or “be diligent” or “be very careful” or “be on guard.”
Other words for “watchman” are “sentry” or “guard.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0821, H2370, H4929, H4931, H5027, H5341, H6486, H6822, H6836, H6974, H7462, H7789, H7919, H8104, H8108, H8245, G0069, G0991, G1127, G1492, G2334, G2892, G3525, G3708, G3906, G4337, G4648, G5083, G5438

watchtower, tower

Other :: watchtower, tower

Definition:

The term “watchtower” refers to a tall structure built as a place from which guards could look out for any danger. These towers were often made of stone.

Landowners sometimes built watchtowers from which they could guard their crops and protect them from being stolen.
The towers often included rooms where the watchmen or family lived, so that they could guard the crops day and night.
Watchtowers for cities were built higher than the city walls so that watchmen could see if any enemies were coming to attack the city.
The term “watchtower” is also used as a symbol of protection from enemies. (See: Metaphor

(See also: adversary, watch)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H803, H971, H975, H1785, H2918, H4026, H4029, H4692, H4707, H4869, H6076, H6438, H6836, G4444

water, deep

Other :: water, deep

Definition:

In addition to its primary meaning, “water” also often refers to a body of water, such as an ocean, sea, lake, or river.

The term “waters” refers to bodies of water or many sources of water. It can also be a general reference for a large amount of water.
A figurative use of “waters” refers to great distress, difficulties, and suffering. For example, God promises that when we “go through the waters” he will be with us.
The phrase “many waters” emphasizes how great the difficulties are.
To “water” livestock and other animals means to “provide water for” them. In Bible times, this usually involved drawing water from a well with a bucket and pouring the water into a trough or other container for the animals to drink from.
The “deep” refers to a deep body of water, such as the watery depths at the beginning of creation or bodies of water that extend deep under the earth’s surface such as oceans, seas, etc.
In the Old Testament, God is referred to as the spring or fountain of “living waters” for his people. This means he is the source of spiritual power and refreshment.
In the New Testament, Jesus used the phrase “living water” to refer to the Holy Spirit working in a person to transform and bring new life.

Translation Suggestions:

The phrase, “draw water” could be translated as “pull water up from a well with a bucket.”
“Streams of living water will flow from them” could be translated as “the power and blessings from the Holy Spirit will flow out of them them like streams of water.” Instead of “blessings” the term “gifts” or “fruits” or “godly character” could be used.
When Jesus is talking to the Samaritan woman at the well, the phrase “living water” could be translated as “water that gives life” or “lifegiving water.” In this context, the imagery of water must be kept in the translation.
Depending on the context, the term “waters” or “many waters” could be translated as “great suffering (that surrounds you like water)” or “overwhelming difficulties (like a flood of water)” or “large amounts of water.”

(See also: life, spirit, Holy Spirit, power)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2222, H4325, H4529, H4857, H7301, H7783, H8248, H8415, G504, G4215, G4222, G5202, G5204

week

Other :: week

Definition:

The term “week” literally refers to a period of time lasting seven days.

In the Jewish system of counting time, a week begins at sunset on Saturday and ends at sunset the following Saturday.
In the Bible, the term “week” is sometimes used figuratively to refer to a group of seven units of time, such as seven years.
The “Festival of Weeks” is a celebration of harvest that takes place seven weeks after Passover. It is also called “Pentecost.”

(See also: Pentecost)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7620, G4521

wheat

Other :: wheat

Definition:

Wheat is a type of grain that people grow for food. When the Bible mentions “grain” or “seeds,” it is often talking about wheat grain or seeds.

The wheat seeds or grains grow at the top of the wheat plant.
After harvesting the wheat, the grain is separated from the stalk of the plant by threshing it. The stalk of the wheat plant is also called “straw” and is often placed on the ground for animals to sleep on.
After threshing, the chaff surrounding the grain seed is separated from the grain by winnowing and is thrown away.
People grind the wheat grain into flour, and use this for making bread.

(See also: barley, chaff, grain, seed, thresh, winnow)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1250, H2406, G4621

wine, wineskin, new wine

Other :: wine, wineskin, new wine

Definition:

In the Bible, the term “wine” refers to a kind of fermented drink made from the juice of a fruit called grapes. Wine was stored in “wineskins,” which were containers made out of animal skin.

The term “new wine” referred to grape juice that had just been taken from the grape and was not fermented yet. Sometimes the term “wine” also referred to unfermented grape juice.
To make wine, grapes are crushed in a winepress so that the juice comes out. The juice eventually ferments and alcohol forms in it.
In Bible times, wine was the normal drink with meals. It did not have as much alcohol as present-day wine has.
Before wine was served for a meal, it was often mixed with water.
A wineskin that was old and brittle would get cracks in it, which allowed the wine to leak out. New wineskins were soft and flexible, which meant they did not tear easily and could store the wine safely.
If wine is unknown in your culture, it could be translated as “fermented grape juice” or “fermented drink made from a fruit called grapes” or “fermented fruit juice.” (See: How to Translate Unknowns
Ways to translate “wineskin” could include “bag for wine” or “animal skin wine bag” or “animal skin container for wine.”

(See also: grape, vine, vineyard, winepress)

Bible References:

smashed

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2561, H2562, H3196, H4469, H4997, H5435, H6025, H6071, H8492, G1098, G3631, G3820, G3943

winepress

Other :: winepress

Definition:

During Bible times, a “winepress” was a large container or open place where the juice of grapes was extracted in order to make wine.

In Israel, winepresses were usually large, wide basins that were dug out of solid rock. Clusters of grapes were put on the flat bottom of the hole and people trampled the grapes with their feet to get the grape juice to flow out.
Usually a winepress had two levels, with the grapes being trampled in the top level so that the juice would run down into the lower level where it could be collected.
The term “winepress” is also used figuratively in the Bible as a picture of God’s wrath being poured out on wicked people. (See: Metaphor

(See also: grape, wrath)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1660, H3342, H6333, G3025, G5276

winnow, sift

Other :: winnow, sift

Definition:

The terms “winnow” and “sift” mean to separate grain from unwanted materials. In the Bible, both words can also be used to refer to separating or dividing people.

To “winnow” means to separate grain from the unwanted parts of the plant by tossing both the grain and chaff into the air, allowing the wind to blow the chaff away.
The word “sift” refers to shaking the winnowed grain in a sieve to get rid of any remaining unwanted materials, such as dirt or stones.
In the Old Testament, “winnow” and “sift” are used figuratively to describe hardship that separates the righteous people from the unrighteous people.
Jesus also used the term “sift” in this figurative way when he was telling Simon Peter about how he and the other disciples would be tested in their faith.
To translate these terms, use the words or phrases in the project language that refer to these activities; possible translations might be “shaking” or “fanning.” If winnowing or sifting are not known, then these terms could be translated by a term that refers to a different method of separating grain from chaff or dirt, or by describing this process.

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: chaff, grain)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2219, H5128, H5130, G4425, G4617

wise men, advisor

Other :: wise men, advisor

Definition:

The term “wise men” simply means people who are wise. In the Bible, however, the term “wise men” often refers to men with unusual knowledge and abilities who served in a king’s royal court as advisors to the king or other high officials.

Old Testament

Sometimes the term “wise men” is explained in the text as “prudent men” or “men with understanding.” This refers to men who act wisely and righteously because they obey God.
The “wise men” who served pharaohs or other kings were often scholars who studied the stars, especially looking for special meanings for the patterns that the stars made in their positions in the sky. Sometimes “wise men” also practiced divination of performed acts of magic, probably by the power of evil spirits.
Often wise men were expected to explain the meanings of dreams. For example, King Nebuchadnezzar demanded that his wise men describe his dreams and tell him what they meant, but none of them was able to do this, except Daniel who had received this knowledge from God.

New Testament

The group of men who came from eastern regions to worship Jesus were called “magi,” which is often translated as “wise men,” since this probably refers to scholars who served a ruler of an eastern country.

Translation Suggestions:

Depending on the context, the term “wise men” could be translated using the term “wise” or with a phrase such as “gifted men” or “educated men” or some other term that refers to men who have an important job working for a ruler.
When the term “wise men” simply means people who are wise, the word “wise” should be translated in the same or similar way to how it is translated elsewhere in the Bible.

(See also: Babylon, Daniel, divination, magic, Nebuchadnezzar, ruler, wise)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2445, H2450, H3778, H3779, G4680

wolf, wild dogs

Other :: wolf, wild dogs

Definition:

A wolf is a fierce, meat-eating animal that is similar to a wild dog.

Wolves usually hunt in groups and stalk their prey in a clever and stealthy manner.
In the Bible, the term “wolves” is used figuratively to refer to false teachers or false prophets who destroy believers, who are compared to sheep. False teaching causes people to believe wrong things that bring harm to them.
This comparison is based on the fact that sheep are especially vulnerable to being attacked and eaten by wolves, because they are weak and cannot defend themselves.

Translation Suggestion

This term could be translated as “wild dog” or “wild animal.”
Other names for wild dogs could be “jackal” or “coyote.”
When used figuratively to refer to people, this could be translated as “evil people who harm people like animals that attack sheep.”

(See also: evil, false prophet, sheep, teach)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2061, H3611, G3074

womb

Other :: womb

Definition:

The term “womb” refers to where a baby grows inside its mother.

This is an older term that is sometimes used in order to be polite and less direct. (See: euphemism
A more modern term for womb is “uterus.”
Some languages use a word like “belly” to refer to a woman’s womb or uterus.
Use a word for this in the project language that is well-known, natural, and acceptable.

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H990, H4578, H7356, H7358, G1064, G2836, G3388

wrong, wronged, wrongdoer, mistreat, hurt, hurtful

Other :: wrong, wronged, wrongdoer, mistreat, hurt, hurtful

Definition:

To “wrong” someone means to treat that person unjustly and dishonestly.

The term “mistreat” means to act badly or roughly toward someone, causing physical or emotional harm to that person.
The term “hurt” is more general and means to “cause someone harm in some way.” It often has the meaning of “physically injure.”
Depending on the context, these terms could also be translated as “do wrong to” or “treat unjustly” or “cause harm to” or “treat in a harmful way” or “injure.”

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0205, H0816, H2248, H2250, H2255, H2257, H2398, H2554, H2555, H3238, H3637, H4834, H5062, H5142, H5230, H5627, H5753, H5766, H5791, H5792, H5916, H6031, H6087, H6127, H6231, H6485, H6565, H6586, H7451, H7489, H7563, H7665, H7667, H7686, H8133, H8267, H8295, G0091, G0092, G0093, G0095, G0264, G0824, G0983, G0984, G1536, G1626, G1651, G1727, G1908, G2556, G2558, G2559, G2607, G3076, G3077, G3762, G4122, G5195, G5196

year

Other :: year

Definition:

When used literally, the term “year” in the Bible refers to a period of time lasting 354 days. This is according to the lunar calendar system which is based on the time it takes for the moon to go around the earth.

A year in the modern-day solar calendar lasts 365 days divided into twelve months, based on the amount of time it takes for the earth to travel around the sun.
In both calendar systems a year has twelve months. But an extra thirteenth month is sometimes added to the year in the lunar calendar to make up for the fact that a lunar year is eleven days less than a solar year. This helps keep the two calendars more in line with each other.
In the Bible, the term “year” is also used in a figurative sense to refer to a general time when a special event takes place. Examples of this include, “the year of Yahweh” or “in the year of drought” or “the favorable year of the Lord.” In these contexts, “year” could be translated as “time” or “season” or “time period.”

(See also: month)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3117, H7620, H7657, H8140, H8141, G1763, G2094

yeast, leaven, unleavened

Other :: yeast, leaven, unleavened

Definition:

“Leaven” is a general term for a substance that causes bread dough to expand and rise. “Yeast” is a specific kind of leaven.

In some English translations, the word for leaven is translated as “yeast,” which is a modern leavening agent that fills the bread dough with gas bubbles, making the dough expand before baking it. The yeast is kneaded into the dough so that it spreads throughout the entire lump of dough.
In Old Testament times, the leavening or rising agent was produced by allowing the dough to sit for awhile. Small amounts of dough from a previous batch of dough were saved as leavening for the next batch.
When the Israelites escaped from Egypt, they didn’t have time to wait for bread dough to rise, so they made bread without leaven to take with them on their journey. As a reminder of this, every year the Jewish people celebrate Passover by eating bread that has no leaven in it.
The term “leaven” or “yeast” is used figuratively in the Bible as a picture of how sin spreads through a person’s life or how sin can influence other people.
It can also refer to false teaching which often spreads to many people and influences them.
The term “leaven” is also used in a positive way to explain how the influence of God’s kingdom spreads from person to person.

Translation Suggestions

This could be translated as “leaven” or “substance that causes dough to rise” or “expanding agent.” The word “rise” could be expressed as “expand” or “get bigger” or “puff up.”
If a local leavening agent is used for making bread dough rise, that term can be used. If the language has a well-known, general term that means “leavening,” this would be the best term to use.

(See also: Egypt, Passover, unleavened bread)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2556, H2557, H4682, H7603, G106, G2219, G2220

yoke, yoked, tied

Other :: yoke, yoked, tied

Definition:

A yoke is a piece of wood or metal attached to two or more animals to connect them for the purpose of pulling a plow or a cart. There are also several figurative meanings for this term.

The term “yoke” is used figuratively to refer to something that joins people for the purpose of working together, such as in serving Jesus.
Paul used the term “yokefellow” to refer to someone who was serving Christ as he was. This could also be translated as “fellow worker” or “fellow servant” or “coworker.”
The term “yoke” is also often used figuratively to refer to a heavy load that someone has to carry, such as when being oppressed by slavery or persecution.
In most contexts, it is best to translate this term literally, using the local term for a yoke that is used for farming.
Other ways to translate the figurative use of this term could be, “oppressive burden” or “heavy load” or “bond,” depending on the context.

(See also: bind, burden, oppress, persecute, servant)

Bible References:

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3627, H4132, H4133, H5674, H5923, H6776, G2086, G2218

ارفع، قم، شيل، قم فوق،حركو

Other :: ارفع، قم، شيل، قم فوق،حركو

التعريف:

ارفع، ارفع فوق

عمومآ كلمة “ارفع” معناه " شيل فوق" او “خلو عالي”.

عبارة “ارفع فوق” بيعني تخلي حاجة يحصل في الوجود او يظهر . ممكن كمان يعني انو تعيين شخص معين لعمل حاجة.
"احيانا “ارفع فوق” يعني “استعادة” أو “اعادة بناء”.
“قم” عندو معنى خاص في عبارة “قم من الموت”. يعني تخلي شخص ميت يكون حي تاني.
احيانا “ارفع فوق” يعني “تعظم” شخص معين أو حاجة معينة.

قام ، قم

“عشان يقم” أو “قام” يعني “امشي فوق” أو “قم فوق”. عبارة “قام” و “قم” و “قامو” يعبرو عن العمل الماضي.

لمن الشخص يقوم فوق عشان يمشى لمحل معين، ده مرات بعبرو عنو زي " هو قام و فوق مشى" أو “أنو نهض وذهب”.
لو حاجة قام دا معناه “حصل” او “بدا يحصل”.
يسوع تنبا انه “هو يقوم من الموت”. بعد يسوع مات بتلاتة أيام الملاك قال: “هو خلاص قام”.

مقترحات الترجمة:

الكلمة “قام” أو “قم فوق” يمكن يترجمو زي “ارفع” أو “خليهو عالي”.
عشان “ترفع فوق” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “خلاه يظهر” أو “عشان يعيين” أو “عشان تجيبو للوجود”.
“عشان ترفع قوة اعدائك” ممكن يترجمو زي “خلى اعدائك يكونوا قويين شديد”.
العبارة “قوم شخص من الموت” ممكن يترجمو زي “خلى شخص يرجع من الموت للحياة” أو “خلى شخص يرجع للحياة”.
حسب الحالة، “قام فوق” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “يوفر” أو “يعيين” أو “خلي عندو” أو “ابني” أو “إعادة بناء” أو “صيانة”.
العبارة “قام و مشى” ممكن يترجمو زي “قام فوق و مشى” أو “مشى”.
حسب الحالة، الكلمة "قام"ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “بدأ” أو “بداية” أو “قام فوق” أو “قام على حيلو”. =======

ارفع، قم، شيل، قم فوق،حركو

raise, rise, lift, get up, stir up,

التعريف:

Definition:

ارفع، ارفع فوق

raise, raise up

عمومآ كلمة “ارفع” معناه " شيل فوق" او “خلو عالي”. In general, the word “raise” means to “lift up” or “make higher.”

عبارة “ارفع فوق” بيعني تخلي حاجة يحصل في الوجود او يظهر . ممكن كمان يعني انو تعيين شخص معين لعمل حاجة.

The phrase “raise up” sometimes means to cause something to come into being or to appear. It can also mean to appoint someone to do something.

"احيانا “ارفع فوق” يعني “استعادة” أو “اعادة بناء”.

Sometimes “raise up” means to “restore” or “rebuild.”

“قم” عندو معنى خاص في عبارة “قم من الموت”. يعني تخلي شخص ميت يكون حي تاني.

“Raise” has a specialized meaning in the phrase “raise from the dead.” It means to cause a dead person to become alive again.

احيانا “ارفع فوق” يعني “تعظم” شخص معين أو حاجة معينة.

Sometimes “raise up” means to “exalt” someone or something.

قام ، قم

rise, arise

“عشان يقم” أو “قام” يعني “امشي فوق” أو “قم فوق”. عبارة “قام” و “قم” و “قامو” يعبرو عن العمل الماضي. To “rise” or “arise” means to “go up” or “get up.” The terms “risen,” “rose,” and “arose” express past action.

لمن الشخص يقوم فوق عشان يمشى لمحل معين، ده مرات بعبرو عنو زي " هو قام و فوق مشى" أو “أنو نهض وذهب”.

When a person gets up to go somewhere, this is sometimes expressed as “he arose and went” or “he rose up and went.”

لو حاجة قام دا معناه “حصل” او “بدا يحصل”.

If something “arises” it means it “happens” or “begins to happen.”

يسوع تنبا انه “هو يقوم من الموت”. بعد يسوع مات بتلاتة أيام الملاك قال: “هو خلاص قام”.

Jesus predicted that he would “rise from the dead.” Three days after Jesus died, the angel said, “He has risen!”

مقترحات الترجمة:

Translation Suggestions:

الكلمة “قام” أو “قم فوق” يمكن يترجمو زي “ارفع” أو “خليهو عالي”.

The term “raise” or “raise up” could be translated as “lift up” or “make higher.”

عشان “ترفع فوق” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “خلاه يظهر” أو “عشان يعيين” أو “عشان تجيبو للوجود”.

To “raise up” could also be translated as to “cause to appear” or to “appoint” or to “bring into existence.”

“عشان ترفع قوة اعدائك” ممكن يترجمو زي “خلى اعدائك يكونوا قويين شديد”.

To “raise up the strength of your enemies” could be translated as “cause your enemies to be very strong.”

العبارة “قوم شخص من الموت” ممكن يترجمو زي “خلى شخص يرجع من الموت للحياة” أو “خلى شخص يرجع للحياة”.

The phrase “raise someone from the dead” could be translated as “cause someone to return from death to life” or “cause someone to come back to life.”

حسب الحالة، “قام فوق” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “يوفر” أو “يعيين” أو “خلي عندو” أو “ابني” أو “إعادة بناء” أو “صيانة”.

Depending on the context, “raise up” could also be translated as “provide” or to “appoint” or to “cause to have” or “build up” or “rebuild” or “repair.”

العبارة “قام و مشى” ممكن يترجمو زي “قام فوق و مشى” أو “مشى”.

The phrase “arose and went” could be translated as “got up and went” or “went.”

حسب الحالة، الكلمة "قام"ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “بدأ” أو “بداية” أو “قام فوق” أو “قام على حيلو”.

Depending on the context, the term “arose” could also be translated as “began” or “started up” or “got up” or “stood up.”

(See also: resurrection, appoint, exalt)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

21:14 The prophets foretold that the Messiah would die and that God would also raise him from the dead.
41:5 “Jesus is not here. He has risen from the dead, just like he said he would!”
43:7 “Although Jesus died, God raised him from the dead. This fulfills the prophecy which says, ‘You will not let your Holy One rot in the grave.’ We are witnesses to the fact that God raised Jesus to life again.”
44:5 “You killed the author of life, but God raised him from the dead.”
44:8 Peter answered them, “This man stands before you healed by the power of Jesus the Messiah. You crucified Jesus, but God raised him to life again!”
48:4 This meant that Satan would kill the Messiah, but God would raise him to life again, and then the Messiah will crush the power of Satan forever.
49:2 He (Jesus) walked on water, calmed storms, healed many sick people, drove out demons, raised the dead to life, and turned five loaves of bread and two small fish into enough food for over 5,000 people.
49:12 You must believe that Jesus is the Son of God, that he died on the cross instead of you, and that God raised him to life again.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2210, H2224, H5549, H5782, H5927, H5975, H6965, H6966, H6974, H7613, G305, G386, G393, G450, G1096, G1326, G1453, G1525, G1817, G1825, G1892, G1999, G4891

استلم، استقبل،شيلو فوق، قبول

Other :: استلم، استقبل،شيلو فوق، قبول

<<<<<<< HEAD

تعريف:

الكلمة “استلم” بشكل عام بيعنى عشان تلقي او تقبل الحاجة الأدوها أو عرضوهاأو قدموها.

"عشان “يلقى” ممكن كمان يعني أنو يعاني أو يختبر حاجه،زي في "هو لقى عقابا على الحاجة العملو.
كمان في إحساس خاص الفيهو بنقدر “نستقبل” شخص . مثلآ، عشان “نستقبل” ضيوف أو زوار معناه نرحب ونتعامل معاهم بكرم عشان نبني علاقة م .
عشان “تستلم هبة الروح القدس” معناه ادونا الروح القدس و نرحب بيهو عشان يعمل من خلال حياتنا.
عشان “تقبل يسوع” معناه تقبل عطية خلاص الله من خلال يسوع المسيح.
لمن الشحص العميان “استعادة نظره” دا يعني انو الله شفاه و خلاه عشان يشوف.

مقترحات الترجمة:

حسب الحال، “استلم” ممكن يترجمو زي “قبل” أو “رحب” أو “اختبار” أو “يدي ليهو”.
“التعبير “حستقبل القوة” ممكن يترجمو زي “حيديك القوة” أو " الله بيديك القوة” أو “القوة حيدوك ليهو(بواسطة الله)” أو " الله حيخلي الروح القدس يعمل فيك بقوة".
العبارة “يستعيد نظره” ممكن يترجمو زي “قدر يشوف” " أو “قدر يشوف مرة تانى” أو " لقت شفاء من الله عشان كدا قدر يشوف. =======

receive, welcome, taken up, acceptance

تعريف:

Definition:

الكلمة “استلم” بشكل عام بيعنى عشان تلقي او تقبل الحاجة الأدوها أو عرضوهاأو قدموها. The term “receive” generally means to get or accept something that is given, offered, or presented.

"عشان “يلقى” ممكن كمان يعني أنو يعاني أو يختبر حاجه،زي في "هو لقى عقابا على الحاجة العملو.

To “receive” can also mean to suffer or experience something, as in “he received punishment for what he did.”

كمان في إحساس خاص الفيهو بنقدر “نستقبل” شخص . مثلآ، عشان “نستقبل” ضيوف أو زوار معناه نرحب ونتعامل معاهم بكرم عشان نبني علاقة معاهم.

There is also a special sense in which we can “receive” a person. For example, to “receive” guests or visitors means to welcome them and treat them with honor in order to build a relationship with them.

عشان “تستلم هبة الروح القدس” معناه ادونا الروح القدس و نرحب بيهو عشان يعمل من خلال حياتنا.

To “receive the gift of the Holy Spirit” means we are given the Holy Spirit and welcome him to work in and through our lives.

عشان “تقبل يسوع” معناه تقبل عطية خلاص الله من خلال يسوع المسيح.

To “receive Jesus” means to accept God’s offer of salvation through Jesus Christ.

لمن الشحص العميان “استعادة نظره” دا يعني انو الله شفاه و خلاه عشان يشوف.

When a blind person “receives his sight” means that God has healed him and enabled him to see.

مقترحات الترجمة:

Translation Suggestions:

حسب الحال، “استلم” ممكن يترجمو زي “قبل” أو “رحب” أو “اختبار” أو “يدي ليهو”.

Depending on the context, “receive” could be translated as “accept” or “welcome” or “experience” or “be given.”

“التعبير “حستقبل القوة” ممكن يترجمو زي “حيديك القوة” أو " الله بيديك القوة” أو “القوة حيدوك ليهو(بواسطة الله)” أو " الله حيخلي الروح القدس يعمل فيك بقوة".

The expression “you will receive power” could be translated as “you will be given power” or “God will give you power” or “power will be given to you (by God)” or “God will cause the Holy Spirit to work powerfully in you.”

العبارة “يستعيد نظره” ممكن يترجمو زي “قدر يشوف” " أو “قدر يشوف مرة تانى” أو " لقت شفاء من الله عشان كدا قدر يشوف.

The phrase “received his sight” could be translated as “was able to see” or “became able to see again” or “was healed by God so that he was able to see.”

(See also: Holy Spirit, Jesus, lord, save)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

21:13 The prophets also said that the Messiah would be perfect, having no sin. He would die to receive the punishment for other people’s sin. His punishment would bring peace between God and people.
45:5 As Stephen was dying, he cried out, “Jesus, receive my spirit.”
49:6 He (Jesus) taught that some people will receive him and be saved, but others will not.
49:10 When Jesus died on the cross, he received your punishment.
49:13 God will save everyone who believes in Jesus and receives him as their Master.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3557, H3947, H6901, H6902, H8254, G308, G324, G353, G354, G568, G588, G618, G1183, G1209, G1523, G1653, G1926, G2865, G2983, G3028, G3335, G3336, G3549, G3858, G3880, G4327, G4355, G4356, G4687, G5264, G5562

الراعي ، راعي ، قسيس

Other :: الراعي ، راعي ، قسيس

التعريف

الراعي هو الشخص البرعى الخرفان. في العهد القديم ،الكلمة دي بتوري “راعي” البهتم بأنواع تانية من المواشي الاليفة زي الغنم أو البقر.

كلمة “الراعي” كفعل ، بعني قيادة الخرفان (أو المواشي الأخرى) لمحلات الاكل الكويس والموية ،بحميهم من الحيوانات المتوحشة والضياع ،ومهمات تانية ضروريةعشان يحفظ المواشي حية وصحية.
في الكتاب المقدس ،الكلمة دي دايما بتستخدم مجازيا عشان يوري الاهتمام باحتياجات الناس المادية و الروحية ،(ما بس الحيوانات) .
في العهد القديم ، الله كان بسموه “راعي” شعبه عشان اهتم بيهم. في العهد الجديد ،سمى يسوع نفسه “الراعي الصالح” ، وفي محلات تانبة يسمى يسوع “الراعي العظيم” للكنيسة.
كلمة “الراعي” برضو يستخدم في العهد الجديد ليوري الشخص القائد الروحي للمؤمنين الآخرين. الكلمة المترجمة “قسيس” هي نفس الكلمة المترجمة “راعي”. شيوخ و نظار وبسموهم كمان رعاة.

مقترحات ترجمة

يمكن ترجمة اسم “الراعي” بأنو “شخص يهتم بالخرفان” أو “تقديم الخرفان” أو " رعاية الخرفان".
لمن نشير لشخص البهتم بالماشية غير الخرفان ، يمكن ترجمة الكلمة زي “راعي” أو “راعي الماشية” أو “شخص البهتم بالماشية”.
كلمة “الراعي” لمن يستخدم زي فعل ، يمكن ترجمته زي “رعاية الخرفان” أو “مراقبة الخرفان”.
في بعض التعبيرات ، يمكن ترجمة كلمة “راعي” زي “قائد” أو “مرشد” أو “مقدم رعاية”.
اسم “الراعي” لمن يستخدم مجازياً ، يمكن ترجمته بطرق مختلفة ، و يشمل “الراعي الروحي” أو “القائد الروحي” أو " الشخص زي الراعي" أو " البهتم بشعبه زي الراعي البهتم بخرفانه" أو " الشخص البقود شعبه زي الراعي البقود خرفانه" أو " الشخص البهتم بخرفان الله".
فعل "الراعي"لمن يستخدم مجازياً يمكن يترجم، زي “اهتمام بي” أو “تغذية روحية” أو “ارشاد وتعليم” أو “قيادة واهتمام بي (زي الراعي البهتم بالخرفان)”.

(See also: sheep, livestock, pastor)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

9:11 Moses became a shepherd in the wilderness far away from Egypt.to
17:2 David was a shepherd from the town of Bethlehem. At different times while he was watching his father’s sheep, David had killed both a lion and a bear that had attacked the sheep.
23:6 That night, there were some shepherds in a nearby field guarding their flocks.
23:8 The shepherds soon arrived at the place where Jesus was and they found him lying in a feeding trough, just as the angel had told them.
30:3 To Jesus, these people were like sheep without a shepherd.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H6629, H7462, H7469, H7473, G750, G4165, G4166

السلطات يهودية، القائد يهودي.

Other :: السلطات يهودية، القائد يهودي.

حقائق:

كلمة “القائد يهودي” أو “السلطة اليهودية” بتشير للقادة الدينيين زي الكهنة ومعلمين قوانين الله. برضو عندهم سلطة يصدروا أحكام عن الأمور الغير دينية كمان.

قادة اليهود كانوا هم الكهنة الاعلى، ورؤساء الكهنة، والكتبة (معلمين شريعة الله).
اتنين مجموعة رئيسية من قادة اليهود هم الفريسيين و الصدوقيين.
سبعين من قادة اليهود اجتمعوا مع بعض في المجلس اليهودي في اورشليم عشان يعملوا احكام قانونية.
كتير من قادةاليهود كانوا متكبرين وافتكروا أنو هم صالحيين. كانوا بغيرو من يسوع ودايرين يضرو. مثلوا أنو هم بيعرفوا الله لكن ما اطاعوه.
غالبًا عبارة “اليهود” تشير للقادة اليهود ،خاصة في الحالات الهم كانوا غضبانين من يسوع وكانوا بحاولوا يخدعو أو يضرو.
الكلمات ديل ممكن كمان يترجموها زي “حكام اليهود” أو “رجال حكموا على الشعب اليهودي” أو “قادةاليهود الدينيين”. =======

#السلطات يهودية، القائد يهودي.

Jewish authorities, Jewish leader

حقائق

Facts:

كلمة “القائد يهودي” أو “السلطة اليهودية” بتشير للقادة الدينيين زي الكهنة ومعلمين قوانين الله. برضو عندهم سلطة يصدروا أحكام عن الأمور الغير دينية كمان. The term “Jewish leader” or “Jewish authority” refers to religious leaders such as the priests and teachers of God’s laws. They also had the authority to make judgments about non-religious matters as well.

قادة اليهود كانوا هم الكهنة الاعلى، ورؤساء الكهنة، والكتبة (معلمين شريعة الله).
The Jewish leaders were the high priests, chief priests, and scribes (teachers of God’s laws).

*اتنين مجموعة رئيسية من قادة اليهود هم الفريسيين و الصدوقيين.

Two main groups of Jewish leaders were the Pharisees and Saduccees.

*سبعين من قادة اليهود اجتمعوا مع بعض في المجلس اليهودي في اورشليم عشان يعملوا احكام قانونية.

Seventy Jewish leaders met together in the Jewish Council in Jerusalem to make judgments about matters of law.

*كتير من قادةاليهود كانوا متكبرين وافتكروا أنو هم صالحيين. كانوا بغيرو من يسوع ودايرين يضرو. مثلوا أنو هم بيعرفوا الله لكن ما اطاعوه.

Many Jewish leaders were proud and thought they were righteous. They were jealous of Jesus and wanted to harm him. They claimed to know God but did not obey him.
غالبًا عبارة “اليهود” تشير للقادة اليهود ،خاصة في الحالات الهم كانوا غضبانين من يسوع وكانوا بحاولوا يخدعو أو يضرو.
Often the phrase “the Jews” referred to the Jewish leaders, especially in contexts where they were angry at Jesus and were trying to trick or harm him.

*الكلمات ديل ممكن كمان يترجموها زي “حكام اليهود” أو “رجال حكموا على الشعب اليهودي” أو “قادةاليهود الدينيين”.

These terms could also be translated as “Jewish rulers” or “men who ruled over the Jewish people” or “Jewish religious leaders.”

(See also: Jew, council, high priest, Pharisee, priest, Sadducee, scribe)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

24:3 Many religious leaders also came to be baptized by John, but they did not repent or confess their sins.
37:11 But the religious leaders of the Jews were jealous, so they gathered together to plan how they could kill Jesus and Lazarus.
38:2 He (Judas) knew that the Jewish leaders denied that Jesus was the Messiah and that they were plotting to kill him.
38:3 The Jewish leaders, led by the high priest, paid Judas thirty silver coins to betray Jesus.
39:5 The Jewish leaders all answered the high priest, “He (Jesus) deserves to die!”
39:9 Early the next morning, the Jewish leaders brought Jesus to Pilate, the Roman governor.
39:11 But the Jewish leaders and the crowd shouted, “Crucify him!”
40:9 Then Joseph and Nicodemus, two Jewish leaders who believed Jesus was the Messiah, asked Pilate for Jesus’ body.
44:7 The next day, the Jewish leaders brought Peter and John to the high priest and the other religious leaders.

Word Data:

Strong’s: G2453

المقابر ، حفار القبور ، قبر ، مكان الدفن

Other :: المقابر ، حفار القبور ، قبر ، مكان الدفن

التعريف:

كلمات “قبر” و “مقابر” يشير لمكان الناس بختو فيه جثة شخص الميت. “مكان الدفن” دا هي تشير كمان كلمة عامة.

أحيانا اليهود بستخدمو الكهوف الطبيعية زي مقابر، وأحيانا بحفروا الكهوف في الحجر جنب التل.
في زمن العهد الجديد، كان من الطبيعي عشان يدحرجو/ يدفرو حجر كبير وتقيل قدام فتحة القبر عشان بغفلو.
لو كانت لغة الهدفة لكلمة قبر بس بشير للحفرة النختو فيها الجسم تحت الأرض، طرق تانية لترجمة دا ممكن يشمل “الكهف” أو “حفرة جنب التل”.
عبارة “المقابر” غالبآ بستخدم بشكل عام ومجازي عشان يشير لحالة الموت أو مكان فيه ارواح ناس الماتو.

(See also: bury, death)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

32:4 The man lived among the tombs in the area.
37:6 Jesus asked them, “Where have you put Lazarus?” They told him, “In the tomb. Come and see.”
37:7 The tomb was a cave with a stone rolled in front of its opening.
40:9 Then Joseph and Nicodemus, two Jewish leaders who believed Jesus was the Messiah, asked Pilate for Jesus’ body. They wrapped his body in cloth and placed it in a tomb cut out of rock. Then they rolled a large stone in front the tomb to block the opening.
41:4 He (the angel) rolled away the stone that was covering the entrance to the tomb and sat on it. The soldiers guarding the tomb were terrified and fell to the ground like dead men.
41:5 When the women arrived at the tomb, the angel told them, “Do not be afraid. Jesus is not here. He has risen from the dead, just like he said he would! Look in the tomb and see.” The women looked into the tomb and saw where Jesus’ body had been laid. His body was not there!

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1430, H6900, H6913, H7585, H7845, G3418, G3419, G5028

الموت, مات مميت, موت.

Other :: الموت, مات مميت, موت.

التعريف

كلمة "موت " بيعني الموت الجسدي بدلا من الحياة

الموت الجسدي

تموت ، معناه تفقد الحياة ، الموت ده نهاية الحياة الجسدي
التعبير"اعدم" بيعني اقتل او قتل انسان ، خاصة لمن الملك او اي سلطان يطلع قرار بقتل انسان معين

الموت الابدي

الموت الأبدي, هو أنفصال الأنسان عن لله
ده نفسي موت ابونا ادم لما خالف واخطا لله، وعلاقتو مع الله انقطع .وهو بقى خجلان وحاول يدسى نفسو من الله
نفس الموت بحصل لائ أنسان لانو نحن بنخطا ،لكن الله ادانا الحياة الابدية لمن نكون عندنا ايمان في يسوع المسيح

خيارات ترجمة

عشان نترجم الكلمة ده بكون احسن نستخدم اللغة اليومية او كلمة الطبيعي او تعببيرة المستهدفة البوري الموت
في بعض اللغات ، تموت بعبرو عنو بي "ما حي " وكلمة "موت " يمكن يترجم بي "ما حي " او “ما عندو حياة” او “ما عايش”
في لغات كتيرة بستخدم تعبيرات رمزية عشان يوري كلمة الموت ، زي مثلا “مات” في اللغة الانجليزية لكن في الكتاب المقدس من الاحسن انو نستخدم الكلمة المباشر البيعني الموت والمستخدم يوميا في اللغة
في الكتاب المقدس ، الحياة الابدية والموت الابدي دايما بنقارن بيهو الموت الجسدي و الحياة الجسدي . مهم في الترجمة انو نستخدم نفس الكلمة او العبارة للاتنين الموت الابدي والموت الجسدي
في بعض اللغات يمكن يكون واضح انك تقول الموت الابدي لمن يطلب الحالة المعنىالمقصود ده ،بعض المترجمين ممكن يشعرو من الافضل يقولو الموت الجسدي في جملة يتناقض فية مع الموت الروحي
تعبير "الميت " ده تعبير شكلي عن الناس الميتين ، و في بعض اللغات بترجمو زي “الناس الميتين” او “الناس الماتو”
التعبير “اعدم” يمكن برضو يترجم زي "كالقتل " او “جريمة قتل” او “اعدام”

(See also: believe, faith, life)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

1:11 God told Adam that he could eat from any tree in the garden except from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. If he ate from this tree, he would die.
2:11 “Then you will die, and your body will return to dirt.”
7:10 Then Isaac died, and Jacob and Esau buried him.
37:5 Jesus replied, “I am the Resurrection and the Life. Whoever believes in me will live, even though he dies. Everyone who believes in me will never die.”
40:8 Through his death, Jesus opened a way for people to come to God.
43:7 “Although Jesus died, God raised him from the dead.”
48:2 Because they sinned, everyone on earth gets sick and everyone dies.
50:17 He (Jesus) will wipe away every tear and there will be no more suffering, sadness, crying, evil, pain, or death.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0006, H1478, H1826, H1934, H2491, H4191, H4192, H4193, H4194, H4463, H5038, H5315, H6297, H6757, H7496, H7523, H8045, H8546, H8552, G0336, G0337, G0520, G0599, G0615, G0622, G1634, G1935, G2079, G2253, G2286, G2287, G2288, G2289, G2348, G2837, G2966, G3498, G3499, G3500, G4430, G4880, G4881, G5053, G5054

الوصايا العشر

Other :: الوصايا العشر

حقائق:

“الوصايا العشر” ده كان الاوامر الله اداه لموسى على جبل سيناء لمن الأسرائيلين كانوا عايشين في الصحراءوهم طريقهم الى ارض كنعان . الله كتب الأوامر ديل على اتنين لوح كبار من الحجر.

الله ادى اسرائيلين اوامر كتير عشان يطيعو، لكن الوصايا العشرة كانت اوامر خاصةعشان يساعد الأسرائيلين يحبو عبادة الله الآخرين.
الوصايا ديل برضو كانوا جزو من عهد الله مع شعبه. بطاعتهم لاوامر الله الامرهم يعملوا، شعب اسرائيل بيوروا انهم بحبوا الله و بنتموا ليه.
الالواح الحجرية المكتوب عليها الوصايا العشرة حفظوهم في تابوت العهد، الكان موجود في اقدس مكان في الخيمة و بعداك في الهيكل.

(See also: ark of the covenant, command, covenant, desert, law, obey, Sinai, worship)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

13:7 Then God wrote these Ten Commandments on two stone tablets and gave them to Moses.
13:13 When Moses came down the mountain and saw the idol, he was so angry that he smashed the stones on which God had written the Ten Commandments.
13:15 Moses wrote the Ten Commandments on new stone tablets to replace the ones he had broken.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1697, H6235

بشر ،تبشير ، مبشر ، يعلن ، اعلان

Other :: بشر ،تبشير ، مبشر ، يعلن ، اعلان

التعريف:

عشان"تبشر" معناه تكلم مجموعة من الناس وتعلمهم عن الله و تشجعهم لطاعته. عشان"تعلن" يعني توري أو تصرح بحاجة علني و بشجاعة.

التبشير عادة بتم بواسطة شخص واحد لمجموعة كبيرة من الناس. غالبا يتم بالكلام ما بالكتابة.
“تبشير” و “تعليم” بتشابهو ، لكن ما متساوي تماما.
“تبشير” بشكل أساسي بشير للإعلان العام عن حقيقة روحية أو اخلاقية ، و تشجيع الجمهور انو يستجيبوا. “تعليم” دي كلمة بتركز على التوجيهات ، البدي الناس معلومات أو يعلمهم كيف يعملوا حاجة.
الكلمة “التبشير” مستخدم عادةً مع كلمة “إنجيل”.
الحاجة البشر بيها شخص لتانيين بشكل عام ممكن كمان يشيرو ليها زي “تعاليمه”.
غالبا في الكتاب المقدس “يعلن” معناه يوري علني عن حاجة الله أمر بيهو ، أو تكلم الاخرين عن الله و كم هو عظيم.
في العهد الجديد ، الرسل اعلنوا الخبر السار عن يسوع لناس كتار في مدن و مناطق كتيرة مختلفة.
كلمة"يعلن" ممكن كمان يستخدمو لقرارات بيصدرها الملوك أو انكار بالشر علني.
طرق تانية لترجمة “يعلن” ممكن تشمل"يوري" أو “تبشير مفتوح” أو “إعلان عام”.
كلمة "إعلان"ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “اخبار” أو “تبشير عام”. ======= #بشر ،تبشير ، مبشر ، يعلن ، اعلان

preach, preaching, preacher, proclaim, proclamation

التعريف

Definition:

عشان"تبشر" معناه تكلم مجموعة من الناس وتعلمهم عن الله و تشجعهم لطاعته. To “preach” means to speak to a group of people, teaching them about God and urging them to obey him.

عشان"تعلن" يعني توري أو تصرح بحاجة علني و بشجاعة. To “proclaim” means to announce or declare something publicly and boldly.

التبشير عادة بتم بواسطة شخص واحد لمجموعة كبيرة من الناس. غالبا يتم بالكلام ما بالكتابة.
Often preaching is done by one person to a large group of people. It is usually spoken, not written.
“تبشير” و “تعليم” بتشابهو ، لكن ما متساوي تماما.
“Preaching” and “teaching” are similar, but are not exactly the same.
“تبشير” بشكل أساسي بشير للإعلان العام عن حقيقة روحية أو اخلاقية ، و تشجيع الجمهور انو يستجيبوا. “تعليم” دي كلمة بتركز على التوجيهات ، البدي الناس معلومات أو يعلمهم كيف يعملوا حاجة.
“Preaching” mainly refers to publicly proclaiming spiritual or moral truth, and urging the audience to respond. “Teaching” is a term that emphasizes instruction, that is, giving people information or teaching them how to do something.
الكلمة “التبشير” مستخدم عادةً مع كلمة “إنجيل”.
The term “preach” is usually used with the word “gospel.”

*الحاجة البشر بيها شخص لتانيين بشكل عام ممكن كمان يشيرو ليها زي “تعاليمه”.

What a person has preached to others can also be referred to in general as his “teachings.”
غالبا في الكتاب المقدس “يعلن” معناه يوري علني عن حاجة الله أمر بيهو ، أو تكلم الاخرين عن الله و كم هو عظيم.
Often in the Bible, “proclaim” means to announce publicly something that God has commanded, or to tell others about God and how great he is.
في العهد الجديد ، الرسل اعلنوا الخبر السار عن يسوع لناس كتار في مدن و مناطق كتيرة مختلفة.
In the New Testament, the apostles proclaimed the good news about Jesus to many people in many different cities and regions.

*كلمة"يعلن" ممكن كمان يستخدمو لقرارات بيصدرها الملوك أو انكار بالشر علني.

The term “proclaim” can also be used for decrees made by kings or for denouncing evil in a public way.
طرق تانية لترجمة “يعلن” ممكن تشمل"يوري" أو “تبشير مفتوح” أو “إعلان عام”.
Other ways to translate “proclaim” could include “announce” or “openly preach” or “publicly declare.”

*كلمة "إعلان"ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “اخبار” أو “تبشير عام”.

The term “proclamation” could also be translated as “announcement” or “public preaching.”

(See also: declare, good news, Jesus, kingdom of God)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

24:2 He (John) preached to them, saying, “Repent, for the Kingdom of God is near!”
30:1 Jesus sent his apostles to preach and to teach people in many different villages.
38:1 About three years after Jesus first began preaching and teaching publicly, Jesus told his disciples that he wanted to celebrate this Passover with them in Jerusalem, and that he would be killed there.
45:6 But in spite of this, they preached about Jesus everywhere they went.
45:7 He (Philip) went to Samaria where he preached about Jesus and many people were saved.
46:6 Right away, Saul began preaching to the Jews in Damascus, saying, “Jesus is the Son of God!”
46:10 Then they sent them off to preach the good news of Jesus in many other places.
47:14 Paul and other Christian leaders traveled to many cities, preaching and teaching people the good news about Jesus.
50:2 When Jesus was living on earth he said, “My disciples will preach the good news about the kingdom of God to people everywhere in the world, and then the end will come.”

Word Data:

Strong’s:
- preach: H1319, H7121, H7150, G1229, G2097, G2605, G2782, G2783, G2784, G2980, G4283
- proclaim: H1319, H1696, H1697, H2199, H3045, H3745, H4161, H5046, H5608, H6963, H7121, H7440, H8085, G518, G591, G1229, G1861, G2097, G2605, G2782, G2784, G2980, G3142, G4135

تمجيد , ممجد , جدير بالتمجيد

Other :: تمجيد , ممجد , جدير بالتمجيد

التعريف

تمجد شخص ما ده تعبير عن اعجاب واحترام لشخص داك .

الناس بيمجدو الله عشان هو عظيم وكمان عشان كل الحاجات العجيبة العملو كخالق ومخلص العالم .
تمجيد الله غالبا مايشمل الشكر على حاجة عمله .
الموسيقى والغناء غالبا بيستخدم كطريقة للتمجيد الله.
تمجيد الله هو جزء من معني عبادته .
كلمة “تمجيد” برضو بترجمو زي “تتكلم كويس عن” او “درجة عالي من المديح من خلال الكلمات” او "تقول حاجات كويسة عن " .
اسم “التمجيد” يمكن يترجمو زي “الكلام المحترم” او “الكلام المشرف” او “تتكلم حاجات كويسة عن” .

(See also: worship)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

12:13 The Israelites sang many songs to celebrate their new freedom and to praise God because he saved them from the Egyptian army.
17:8 When David heard these words, he immediately thanked and praised God because he had promised David this great honor and many blessings.
22:7 Zechariah said, “Praise God, because he has remembered his people!”
43:13 They (disciples) enjoyed praising God together and they shared everything they had with each other.
47:8 They put Paul and Silas in the most secure part of the prison and even locked up their feet. Yet in the middle of the night, they were singing songs of praise to God.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1319, H7121, G2980, G3853

تمرد ، عدم طاعة ،العصيان ،متمرد

Other :: تمرد ، عدم طاعة ،العصيان ،متمرد

التعريف

كلمة "تمرد " بيعني لما ما نسمع لاوامر او توجيهات الشخص الفي السلطة،الانسان البعمل كدا هو متمرد

الانسان البعمل الحاجة الما قالو ليهو ما يعملو، هو تمرد
تتمرد برضو بيعني انك ترفض الحاجة الامروك بيهو
كلمة "متمرد " برضو بستخدموا عشان يوري صفات الانسان البتمرد او البيعصي دايما. ،وده بيعني ، هم اشرار او خطأ
كلمة "العصيان " بيعني "عدم طاعة " او التصرف المخالف لارادة الله
"الناس العاصيين "ممكن نقول عليهم ديل الناس البستمروا في المخالفة او الناس الما بعملو حسب اوامر الله

(See also: authority, evil, sin, obey)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

2:11 God said to the man, “You listened to your wife and disobeyed me.”
13:7 If the people obeyed these laws, God promised that he would bless and protect them. If they disobeyed them, God would punish them.
16:2 Because the Israelites kept disobeying God, he punished them by allowing their enemies to defeat them.
35:12 “The older son said to his father, ‘All these years I have worked faithfully for you! I never disobeyed you, and still you did not give me one small goat so I could celebrate with my friends.’”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4784, H5674, G506, G543, G544, G545, G3847, G3876

حرر، سلم، تحول،اطلق، انقذ.

Other :: حرر، سلم، تحول،اطلق، انقذ.

تعريف:

عشان "تحرر "شخص معين بيعني تنقذ الشخص ده. كلمة “المنقذ” بوري شخص معين الأنقذ او حرر الناس من العبودية ، الاضطهاد, او أخطار تانية. كلمة “خلاص” بشير لحدث لمن شخص معين ينقذ او يحرر الناس من العبودية ، الاضطهاد او اخطار تانية.

في العهد القديم، الله اختار منقذين عشان يحموا الإسرائيليين بقيادتهم في معركة ضد مجموعة شعوب تانيةالجوا لمهاجمتهم .
المنقذين ديل برضو كانوا بسموهم “قضاة” و في العهد القديم سجل سفر قضاة الزمن الكان القضاة ديل حاكمين اسرائيل.
الله سموه برضو "المنقذ " عبر التاريخ الاسرائيلي، هو حرر او انقذ شعبه من اعدائهم.
كلمة "سلم ل " او "تسلم ل " عندو اختلاف شديد في المعني لتسليم او تسلم شخص لعدو، زي مثلآ لمن يهوذا سلم يسوع لقادات اليهود.

مقترحات الترجمة:

في حالة مساعدة الناس عشان يعني بيهربوا من اعدائهم، كلمة "منقذ " يمكن يترجمو زي "مخلص " او “تحرير” او “حفظ”.
لمن يعني تسلم شخص للعدو، “سلم ل” يمكن يترجمو زي “خيانة ل” او "سلم " او “اداه ل”.
كلمة “منقذ” يمكن برضو يترجمو زي “المنقذ” او “المحرر”.
لمن كلمة "المنقذ"يشير للقضاة القادوا اسرائيل، يمكن برضو يترجمو زي “حاكم” او “قاضي” او “قائد”.

حفظ , قاضي:

(See also: judge, save)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

16:3 Then God provided a deliverer who rescued them from their enemies and brought peace to the land.
16:16 They (Israel) finally asked God for help again, and God sent them another deliverer.
16:17 Over many years, God sent many deliverers who saved the Israelites from their enemies.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1350, H2020, H2502, H3205, H3444, H3467, H4042, H4422, H4672, H5337, H5414, H5462, H6299, H6403, H6413, H6475, H6561, H7725, H7804, H8199, G325, G525, G629, G1080, G1325, G1560, G1659, G1807, G1929, G2673, G3086, G3860, G4506, G4991, G5088, G5483

حلم

Other :: حلم

تعريف

الحلم ده حاجة الناس بشوفو او بختبرو في عقولهم لمن يكونوا نايمين.

غالبآ الأحلام بتكون زي الحاصلة بالحقيقة و لكن لأ.
احيانآ الله بخلي الناس يحلمو بحاجة عشان يتعلموا منو. هو كمان بتكلم برضو مباشر لناس في احلامهم.
في الكتاب المقدس, الله اداى احلام لبعض الناس خاص عشان يديهم رسالة, غالبآ عن الحاجة البيحصل في المستقبل.
الحلم بختلف عن الرؤية. الأحلام بتحصل لمن يكون الشخص نائم. لكن الرؤية بتحصل دائمآ لمن يكون الشخص صاحي.

(See also: vision)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

8:2 Joseph’s brothers hated him because their father loved him most and because Joseph had dreamed that he would be their ruler.
8:6 One night, the Pharaoh, which is what the Egyptians called their kings, had two dreams that disturbed him greatly. None of his advisors could tell him the meaning of the dreams.
8:7 God had given Joseph the ability to interpret dreams, so Pharaoh had Joseph brought to him from the prison. Joseph interpreted the dreams for him and said, “God is going to send seven years of plentiful harvests followed by seven years of famine.”
16:11 So that night, Gideon went down to the camp and heard a Midianite soldier telling his friend about something he had dreamed. The man’s friend said, “This dream means that Gideon’s army will defeat the Midianite army!”
23:1 He (Joseph) did not want to shame her (Mary), so he planned to quietly divorce her. Before he could do that, an angel came and spoke to him in a dream.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1957, H2472, H2492, H2493, G1797, G1798, G3677

خادم ، يخدم ، عبد ، شاب ، شابات

Other :: خادم ، يخدم ، عبد ، شاب ، شابات

تعريف

“الخادم” أو “العبد” بوري الشخص البيعمل (أو بطيع) شخص آخر، إما باختيار أو بالقوة. كان الخادم تحت سيطرة سيده. في الكتاب المقدس ، الكلمتين “خادم” و “عبد” قابلين للتبديل في الغالب .

كلمة “خدمة” عمومآ بيعني قيام بعمل شخص آخر ، و المفهوم يمكن ان يطبق في نطاق واسع من الحالة,

العبد كان نوع من الخادم الكان ملك للشخص البيعمل عندو. الأنسان الأشترى عبد يسمى “صاحب” او “سيد” بعض السادة بعاملوا عبيدهم بقساوة. السادة التانيين بعاملوا عبيدهم كويس. زي افراد الأسرة الواحد. كلمة “عبودية” بيعني حالة العبد.
يمكن يكون الشخص عبد لزمن معين،زي مثلا لمن يشتغل عشان يدفع دين لسيده.
كلمات “شاب” أو “شابة” غالبآ بيعني"خادم" أو “عبد”. المعنى ده بتم تمييزو من التعبير. وأحد من مؤشرات الموقف ده هو إذا تم استخدام الملكية، زي مثلا. “بتها الشابة” يمكن ترجمتة زي “خادماتها” أو “عبيداتها”
كلمة “استعباد” يعني “تبقيهو عبدآ” (دايما بالقوة)
العهد الجديد بتكلم عن البشر كـ “عبيد للخطيئة” حتى حررهم يسوع من سيطرتها وقوتها. لمن يقبل الإنسان حياة جديدة في المسيح ، هو ما يكون عبد للخطية و بكون عبد للبر.

مقتراحات الترجمة

كلمة “خدمة” يمكن برضو يترجم على أنه “خادم لـ” أو “يعمل لـ” أو “يهتم ب” أو “يطيع”، على حسب الحالة .
“الاستعباد” يمكن ترجمته زي “سبب عدم الحرية” أو " خدمة الآخرين بالقوة" أو “الخضوع لسيطرة الآخرين”
يمكن ترجمة عبارة “العبودية” أو “المستعبدين لـ” على أنها “مجبورين أن يكونو عبيدً” أو “مجبورين للخدمة” أو “تحت سيطرة”.
يمكن ترجمة “تخدم الله” إلى “عبادة الله وطاعته” أو “القيام بالعمل الأمر بيهو الله”
في العهد القديم ، كان غالبًا أنبياء الله والناس الآخرين البيعبدوا الله بسموهم “خدامه” .
في العهد الجديد ، الناس البطيعوا الله بايمانهم بالمسيح كان دايما بسموهم “خدامه”
تعني "خدمة المائدة"معناه يجيب الأكل للناس القاعدين على الترابيز، أو بشكل عام ، “توزع الأكل”.
في حالة الشخص البيخدم الضيوف ، ده يعني كلمة “اهتمام” أو “تقديم الأكل إلى” أو “توفير الأكل”. لمن طلب يسوع من التلاميذ “يقدموا” السمك للناس ، دي يمكن ترجمته “توزيع” أو “مد اليدين” أو “إعطاء”
الناس البيعلموا الآخرين عن الله يقال ان يخدموا الله والناس البيعلموهم معا.
الرسول بولس كتب لمسيحين كورنثوس عن كيف “يخدموا” العهد القديم. دبوري طاعة قوانين موسى. الآن “بيخدموا” العهد الجديد. أي ، بسبب ذبيحة يسوع على الصليب ، المؤمنين بيسوع قدروا بواسطة الروح القدس يرضوا الله ويعيشوا حياة مقدسة.
تكلم بولس عن أعمالهم بالنسبة “لخدمتهم” إما للعهد القديم أو الجديد. ده يمكن أن يترجم زي “خدمة” أو “طاعة” أو “تأمل”
غالبا ، لمن يوري شخص نفسه على أنه “خادمك”، كان بوري احترام للشخص الموجه ليه. يمكن كان الشخص عنده مكانة اجتماعية عالية، أو احتمال المتحدث كان بوري تواضعه. ما بيعني انوالمتحدث كان خادم عملي .

(See also: bondage, works, obey, house, lord)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

6:1 When Abraham was very old and his son, Isaac, had grown to be a man, Abraham sent one of his servants back to the land where his relatives lived to find a wife for his son, Isaac.
8:4 The slave traders sold Joseph as a slave to a wealthy government official.
9:13 “I (God) will send you (Moses) to Pharaoh so that you can bring the Israelites out of their slavery in Egypt.”
19:10 Then Elijah prayed, “O Yahweh, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, show us today that you are the God of Israel and that I am your servant.”
29:3 “Since the servant could not pay the debt, the king said, ‘Sell this man and his family as slaves to make payment on his debt.’”
35:6 “All my father’s servants have plenty to eat, and yet here I am starving.”
47:4 The slave girl kept yelling as they walked, “These men are servants of the Most High God.”
50:4 Jesus also said, “A servant is not greater than his master.”

Word Data:

(Servant) Strong’s: H5288, H5647, H5649, H5650, H5657, H7916, H8198, H8334, G1249, G1401, G1402, G2324, G3407, G3411, G3610, G3816, G4983, G5257
(Serve) H0327, H3547, H4929, H4931, H5647, H5656, H5673, H5975, H6213, H6399, H6402, H6440, H6633, H6635, H7272, H8104, H8120, H8199, H8278, H8334, G1247, G1248, G1398, G1402, G1438, G1983, G2064, G2212, G2323, G2999, G3000, G3009, G4337, G4342, G4754, G5087, G5256
(Enslave) H3533, G2615

خيمة الاجتماع

Other :: خيمة الاجتماع

حقائق:

كلمة “خيمة الأجتماع” بوري الخيمة الكانت مكان مؤقت البقابل فيه الله موسى قبل ما يبنوا المعبد .

عملوا خيمة الاجتماع برا من محل الأسرائيليين.
لمن موسى مشى لخيمة الأجتماع عشان يقابل الله، عمود سحاب وقف في مدخل الخيمة كعلامة لحضور الله هناك.
بعد ما الأسرائليين بنو المعبد، الخيمة المؤقتة بقوا ما دايرنها تاني و كلمة خيمة الاجتماع بتستخدم مرات عشان توري المعبد

(See also: Israel, Moses, pillar, tabernacle, tent)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

13:8 God gave the Israelites a detailed description of a tent he wanted them to make. It was called the Tent of Meeting, and it had two rooms, separated by a large curtain.
13:9 Anyone who disobeyed God’s law could bring an animal to the altar in front of the Tent of Meeting as a sacrifice to God.
14:8 God was very angry and came to the Tent of Meeting.
18:2 Instead of at the Tent of Meeting, people now worshiped God and offered sacrifices to him at the Temple.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H168, H4150

ذبيحة, ذبائح, تقدمة

Other :: ذبيحة, ذبائح, تقدمة

تعريف

في الكتاب المقدس, كلمة “ذبيحة” و “تقدمة” بوري هدايا خاصة بقدمو لله البتمثل في عبادته .الناس برضو بقدموا ذبائح للالهه الكاذبة.

ذبيحة

غالبا ما تشمل الذبائح لله قتل الحيوان
فقط ذبيحة يسوع, ابن الله الكامل الما عندو خطية يمكن يطهر الناس من الخطية تماما ذبائح الحيوانات ما بقدر يعمل دة

تقدمة

كلمة “تقدمة” عمومآ بوري اي حاجة البقدمو او بيدو, كلمة “ذبيحة” بوري حاجة القدمو او عملو بتكلفة كبيرة للمعطئ .
تقدمات لله كان حاجات محددة امر الأسرائيلين عشان يقدمو لله و يوري اخلاصهم و طاعتهم ليه .
الاسماء المختلفة لتقديمات, مثلآ " المحرقة" و " هدية السلام", بوري نوع العرض التم تقديمه .

مقترحات الترجمة

كلمة “تقدمة” برضو يمكن ترجمته زي “هدية لله” او " حاجة قدمو لله" او " حاجة عندو قيمة قدمو لله"
علي حسب الحالة " كلمة “تقدمة” يمكن برضو ترجمته زي “حاجة مقيم قدمو للعبادة” او “حيوان خاص قتلو وقدمو لله”
يمكن برضو ترجمة العمل لذبيحة زي “تتناذل عن حاجة مقيم” او “تقتل حيوان و تديهو لله”
طريقة تانية لترجمة “قدم نفسك كذبيحة حية” يمكن يكون زي ما"تعيش حياتك ،قدم نفسك لله تماما زي ما بقدموا الحيوان على المذبح

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

3:14 After Noah got off the boat, he built an altar and sacrificed some of each kind of animal which could be used for a sacrifice. God was happy with the sacrifice and blessed Noah and his family.
5:6 “Take Isaac, your only son, and kill him as a sacrifice to me.” Again Abraham obeyed God and prepared to sacrifice his son.
5:9 God had provided the ram to be the sacrifice instead of Isaac.
13:9 Anyone who disobeyed God’s law could bring an animal to the Tent of Meeting as a sacrifice to God. A priest would kill the animal and burn it on the altar. The blood of the animal that was sacrificed covered the person’s sin and made that person clean in God’s sight.
17:6 David wanted to build a temple where all the Israelites could worship God and offer him sacrifices.
48:6 Jesus is the Great High Priest. Unlike other priests, he offered himself as the only sacrifice that could to take away the sin of all the people in the world.
48:8 But God provided Jesus, the Lamb of God, as a sacrifice to die in our place.
49:11 Because Jesus sacrificed himself, God can forgive any sin, even terrible sins.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H801, H817, H819, H1685, H1890, H1974, H2076, H2077, H2281, H2282, H2398, H2401, H2402, H2403, H2409, H3632, H4394, H4503, H4504, H5066, H5068, H5071, H5257, H5258, H5261, H5262, H5927, H5928, H5930, H6453, H6944, H6999, H7133, H7311, H8002, H8426, H8548, H8573, H8641, G266, G334, G1049, G1435, G1494, G2378, G2380, G3646, G4376, G5485

سخر ، ساخر ، استهزأ ، سخرية ، يسخر، مسخرة

Other :: سخر ، ساخر ، استهزأ ، سخرية ، يسخر، مسخرة

تعريف:

تشير مصطلحات “سخر” و “السخرية” و “يسخر” كلو بتشير لى مسخرة شخص معين ، خاصة بطريقة قاسية.

عادة ما تشمل السخرية تقليد كلام أو أعمال الناس بقصد انو يحرجهم أو يظهروا احتقارهم.
جنود الرومان استهزوا بيسوع أو سخروا منو لمن لبسوه رداء واتظاهروا انو بكريموه كملك.
مجموعة من الشباب سخروا بأليشع أو سخروا منه لمن نادوه ابو صلع ، مستهزئين بيهو.
كلمة “يسخر ل” ممكن تشير كمان لسخرية الفكرة الما معتبرة مقبولة أو مهمة.
“المستهزئ” هو الشخص البستهزئ والبيسخر باستمرار.

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

21:12 Isaiah prophesied that people would spit on, mock, and beat the Messiah.
39:5 The Jewish leaders all answered the high priest, “He deserves to die!” Then they blindfolded Jesus, spit on him, hit him, and mocked him.
39:12 The soldiers whipped Jesus, and put a royal robe and a crown made of thorns on him. Then they mocked him by saying, “Look, the King of the Jews!”
40:4 Jesus was crucified between two robbers. One of them mocked Jesus, but the other said, “Do you have no fear of God?”
40:5 The Jewish leaders and the other people in the crowd mocked Jesus. They said to him, “If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross and save yourself! Then we will believe you.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1422, H2048, H2049, H2778, H2781, H3213, H3887, H3931, H3932, H3933, H3934, H3944, H3945, H4167, H4485, H4912, H5058, H5607, H6026, H6711, H7046, H7048, H7814, H7832, H8103, H8148, H8437, H8595, G1592, G1701, G1702, G1703, G2301, G2606, G3456, G5512

سلالة ، "عيال عيال "

Other :: سلالة ، "عيال عيال "

التعريف

"السلالة " هو الانسان له صلة دم مباشر من انسان تاني من التاريخ البعيد

مثلا ابراهيم كان من نسل نوح
سلالة الشخص ،ديل عيالو ، عيال عيالو ،عيال عيال عيالو، و مستمر ،نسل يعقوب كان ده قبائل اسرائيل الاتناعشر
تعبير “نسل " ده طريقة تاني عشان نقول : " سليل” زي ما كان ابراهيم من نسل نوح ، و ده برضو يمكن نترجموا زي : "هو من اسرة "

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

2:9 “The woman’s descendant will crush your head, and you will wound his heel.”
4:9 “I give the land of Canaan to your descendants.”
5:10 “Your descendants will be more than the stars in the sky.”
17:7 “Someone from your family will always rule as king over Israel, and the Messiah will be one of your descendants!”
18:13 The kings of Judah were descendants of David.
21:4 God promised King David that the Messiah would be one of David’s own descendants.
48:13 God promised David that the Messiah would be one of his descendants. Jesus, the Messiah, was that special descendant of David.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H319, H1004, H1121, H1323, H1755, H2232, H2233, H3205, H3211, H3318, H3409, H4294, H5220, H6849, H7611, H8435, G1074, G1085, G4690

سلام ،مسالم ، صانعي السلام

Other :: سلام ،مسالم ، صانعي السلام

النعريف

كلمة "سلام"بوري الحالة او الشعور بعدم وجود قلق او خوف من المشاكل .الشخص “المسالم” بشعر بالهدؤ و الاطمئنان و يكون بسلام وامان.

في العهد القديم ،كلمة "السلام"غالبا ما يعني ،شعور عام برفاهية الشخص ،او عافيته، او كماله .
"سلام"ممكن برضو يوري الزمن الما بكون فيه مجموعات الناس و البلدان في حالة حرب مع بعضها البعض .بقولوا انو الناس ديل عندهم “علاقات سلمية”
عشان “تعمل سلام” مع شخص او مجموعة من الناس معناه تعمل الخطوات البسبب وقف القتال .
"صانع السلام"هو الشخص البعمل و البقول الحاجات ان يأثر على الناس ان يعيشو في سلام مع بعضهم .
لتكون “في سلام” مع الناس الاخرين ،معناه تكون في حالة عدم القتال ضد الناس ديل .
العلاقة السمحة او الصحيحة بين االله و الناس بحصل لمن الله يخلص الناس من خطاياهم .ده اسمه عندك "سلام مع الله ".
تحية "النعمة والسلام"استخدم بواسطة الرسل في رسائلهم الى المؤمنين الاخرين كبركة .
كلمة "السلام"برضو بيعني تكون في علاقة كويسة مع الناس او مع الله .

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

15:6 God had commanded the Israelites not to make a peace treaty with any of the people groups in Canaan.
15:12 Then God gave Israel peace along all its borders.
16:3 Then God provided a deliverer who rescued them from their enemies and brought peace to the land.
21:13 He (Messiah) would die to receive the punishment for other people’s sin. His punishment would bring peace between God and people.
48:14 David was the king of Israel, but Jesus is the king of the entire universe! He will come again and rule his kingdom with justice and peace, forever.
50:17 Jesus will rule his kingdom with peace and justice, and he will be with his people forever.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H5117, H7961, H7962, H7965, H7999, H8001, H8002, H8003, H8252, G269, G1514, G1515, G1516, G1517, G1518, G2272

شعب, مجموعة شعب

Other :: شعب, مجموعة شعب

تعريف

كلمة"شعب" او “مجموعة شعب” بيشبر لمجموعة من الناس بتشاركوا في اللغة و الثقافة المشتركة, كلمة “شعب” غالبآ بوري تجمع الناس في مكان معين او لحدث معين .

في زمن الكتاب المقدس, عادة كان اعضاءمن مجموعة الشعب بكونوا من نفس الأجداد يعيشوا سوا في بلد معين او منطقة من الأرض.
علي حسب الحال, كلمة “شعب” ممكن يوري “مجموعة من الناس” او “اسرة” او " اقارب" او “جيش”.
في شكل جمع , كلمة “شعوب” غالبآ بوري كل مجموعات الناس علي الأرض. احيانآ بتحديد اكتر بتشير للناس الما اسرائليين او الما بيعبدو يهوه. في بعض ترجمات الكتاب المقدس الأنجليزية كلمة “امم” استخدم برضو بنفس الطريقة دي .

مقترحات الترجمة:

كلمة “مجموعة الشعوب” ممكن يترجمو بواسطة كلمة او عبارة البتعني “مجموعة اسرة كبيرة” او عشيرة" او “مجموعة عرقية”.
عبارة زي “شعبي” يمكن يترجمو زي “اقاربي” او “اخواني الأسرائيليين” او “اسرتي” او “مجموعة ناسي” علي حسب الحال.
التعبير “شتتكم بين الامم” يمكن يترجمو زي “يخليك تمشي تعيش مع مجموعة مختلفة من الامم” او "يخليك تنفصل عن بعضكم البعض و تمشي تعيش في اقاليم مختلفة من العالم.
كلمة “الشعوب” او “الامم” يمكن يترجمو زي “الشعب في العالم” او “مجموعات الشعوب” علي حسب الحال.
عبارة “شعب ال” يمكن يترجم زي “الشعوب البعيشوا في” او “الشعب الرحلوا من” او “اسرة ناس” بيعتمد على اسم المكان او اسم الشخص البيتبعو.
“كل شعوب الأرض” يمكن يترجمو زي “كل شخص يعيش علي الأرض” او “اي شخص في العالم” او “كل الناس”.
عبارة "ناس "يمكن يترجمو زي “مجموعة من الناس” او “ناس معينين” او “مجتمع من الناس” او “أسر من الناس”.

(See also: descendant, nation, tribe, world)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

14:2 God had promised Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob that he would give the Promised Land to their descendants, but now there were many people groups living there. what follows is
21:2 God promised Abraham that through him all people groups of the world would receive a blessing. This blessing would be that the Messiah would come sometime in the future and provide the way of salvation for people from all the people groups of the world.
42:8 “It was also written in the scriptures that my disciples will proclaim that everyone should repent in order to receive forgiveness for their sins. They will do this starting in Jerusalem, and then go to all people groups everywhere.”
42:10 “So go, make disciples of all people groups by baptizing them in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit and by teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you.”
48:11 Because of this New Covenant, anyone from any people group can become part of God’s people by believing in Jesus.
50:3 He (Jesus) said, “Go and make disciples of all people groups!” and, “The fields are ripe for harvest!”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H0249, H0523, H0524, H0776, H1121, H1471, H3816, H5712, H5971, H5972, H6153, G1074, G1085, G1218, G1484, G2560, G2992, G3793

صيام ،صوم

Other :: صيام ،صوم

العريف:

كلمة “صيام” معناه ما تاكل لفترة معينة من الزمن مثلا يوم او اكتر. احيانا كمان بشمل عدم الشراب .

صيام ممكن يساعد الناس فى التركيز على الله والصلاة بدون تشتيت الانتباه فى تجهيز الاكل.
يسوع لوم قادة اليهود الدينيين بسبب صيامهم الخاطئ، هم بصوموا عشان التانيين يفتكروا انوا هم ابرار.
بعد مرات الناس هم بصوموا عشان حزنانين او تعيسين من حاجه.
الفعل "صوم " يمكن كمان يترجمو زى “تمتنع من الاكل " او” ما تاكل "
الاسم "الصيام"يمكن يترجمو زى “تقيف من الاكل” او “تبتعد من الاكل”

(See also: Jewish leaders)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

25:1 Immediately after Jesus was baptized, the Holy Spirit led him out into the wilderness, where he fasted for forty days and forty nights.
34:8 “‘For example, I fast two times every week and I give you ten percent of all the money and goods that I receive.’”
46:10 One day, while the Christians at Antioch were fasting and praying, the Holy Spirit said to them, “Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul to do the work I have called them to do.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2908, H5144, H6684, H6685, G3521, G3522

ضريبة، جزية،الضرائب، دافعي الضرائب، جابي الضرائب.

Other :: ضريبة، جزية،الضرائب، دافعي الضرائب، جابي الضرائب.

تعريف:

كلمات “ضريبة” و “ضرائب” يشيرو للمال أو البضائع البدفعوا الناس للحكومة العندها سلطة عليهم. كان “جابي الضرائب” عامل حكومي كان وظيفته يستلم الأموال الكانت مطلوبة من الناس انو يدفعوها للحكومة كضرائب .

عادة قيمة القروش البدفعوه كضريبة بعتمد على قيمة نوع الحاجة أو قدر كيف ممتلكات الشخص بستحق.
في زمن يسوع والرسل ،الحكومة الرومانية طلبت ضرائب من اي شخص عايش في الإمبراطورية الرومانية ، بما فيهم اليهود.
لو الضرائب ما دفعوا ، ممكن الحكومة تتخذ إجراءات قانونية ضد الشخص عشان يتحصل على القروش البستحقوا.
يوسف ومريم سافروا لبيت لحم عشان يحسبوهم في التعداد السكاني العملوا عشان يفرضوا ضريبة على اي شخص عايش في الإمبراطورية الرومانية .
كلمة “ضريبة” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “الدفع المطلوب” أو “قروش الحكومة” أو “قروش الهيكل” ، على حسب الحالة.
عشان “تدفع ضرائب” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “تدفع قروش للحكومة” أو “تسلم قروش للحكومة” أو “تسدد المبلغ المطلوب”. “تجمع ضرائب” ممكن يترجمو زي “تستلم قروش للحكومة”.
“جامع الضرائب” هو شخص بشتغل للحكومة وبستلم القروش المطلوبة من الناس يدفعوها.
الناس البجمعوا قروش للحكومة الرومانية دايما بطلبوا قروش زيادة من الناس من المبلغ الفرضوا الحكومة. جامعين الضرائب بيحتفظوا بالمبلغ الزائد لنفوسهم.
لان جامعين الضرائب غشوا الناس بالطريقة دي ، اليهود اعتبروهم من ضمن اسوا الخطاة.
اليهود كمان اعتبروا جامعين الضرائب اليهود خاينين لشعبهم لأنو هم عملوا للحكومة الرومانية الكانت بتضطهد الشعب اليهودي.
العبارة “جامعين الضرائب والخطاة” كان تعبير مشترك في العهد الجديد ، بتوري قدر كيف اليهوداحتقرو جامعين الضرائب.

(See also: Jew, Rome, sin)

Bible References:

أمثلة من قصص الكتاب المقدس

Examples from the Bible stories:

34: 6 هو قال ،اتنين رجال مشوا للهيكل عشان يصلوا. واحد منهم كان جابي ضرائب والتاني كان قائد ديني". 34:6 He said, “Two men went to the Temple to pray. One of them was a tax collector, and the other was a religious leader.”

34: 7 “صلى القائد الديني زي ده ،اشكرك يا الله انو انا ماخاطئ زي التانين ديل زي الحرامية و الظالمين ،الزناة او حتى زي جابي الضرائب ده.” 34:7 “The religious leader prayed like this, ‘Thank you, God, that I am not a sinner like other men—such as robbers, unjust men, adulterers, or even like that tax collector.’”

34: 9 لكن جابي الضرائب وقف بعيد من الحاكم الديني. حتي ما عاين للسماء .بدلا من ده، دق على صدره وصلى ، “يا الله ،ارحمني عشان انا خاطئ”. 34:9 “But the tax collector stood far away from the religious ruler, did not even look up to heaven. Instead, he pounded on his chest and prayed, ‘God, please be merciful to me because I am a sinner.’”

34:10 بعداك يسوع قال: “الحق اقول لكم انو الله سمع صلاة جابي الضرائب و برره”. 34:10 Then Jesus said, “I tell you the truth, God heard the tax collector’s prayer and declared him to be righteous.”

35: 1 و في يوم ، كان يسوع بيعلم كتار من جباة الضرائب والخطاة التانين الاجتمعوا عشان يسمعوا منو. 35:1 One day, Jesus was teaching many tax collectors and other sinners who had gathered to hear him.

##بيانات

Word Data:

ضريبة:قوته:

Tax: Strong’s: H2670, H4060, H4371, H4522, H4864, H6186, G1323, G2778, G5055, G5411

جابي الضرائب:قوته:

Tax Collector: Strong’s: H5065, H5674, G5057, G5058

طاع ،حفظ

Other :: طاع ،حفظ

التعريف

كلمة “طاع” معناه تعمل الحاجة الطلبوا منك شخص او القانون ان تعملو . كلمة "مطيع " بوري الانسان البطيع . مرات الاوامر بمنعنا من عمل حاجة ، زي مثلا ، "ما تسرق " في الحالة ده ، عشان تطيع ، معناه ما تسرق . في الكتاب المقدس ، كلمة ، "حفظ " احيانا بيعني انو نطيع .

كالعادة كلمة “طاعة” بستخدموا في عبارات طاعة الاوامر او قوانين لشخص في السلطة ،مثلا الناس بطيعوا القوانين البعملوا القياديين بتاع الدولة ، المملكة ،او المنظمات الاخرى .
اولاد بطيعوا والديهم ، الناس بطيعوا الله ، المواطنين بطيعوا قوانين دولتهم
لمن الشخص الموجود في السلطة يقول لناس ما يعملوا حاجة معين ، بطيعوا بانو ما بعملوا الحاجة ده
طرق ترجمة "الطاعة " يمكن يشمل كلمة او عبارة البعني "تنفيذ الاوامر " او "اتبع الاوامر " او اعمل الحاجة الله قال يعملو
كلمة "مطيع " يمكن يترجم زي “تنفيذ العمل المطلوب مننا” او “اتباع الاوامر” او "تنفيذ اوامر الله "

(See also: citizen, command, disobey, kingdom, law)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

3:4 Noah obeyed God. He and his three sons built the boat just the way God had told them.
5:6 Again Abraham obeyed God and prepared to sacrifice his son.
5:10 “Because you (Abraham) have __obeyed __ me, all the families of the world will be blessed through your family”
5:10 But the Egyptians did not believe God or obey his commands.
13:7 If the people obeyed these laws, God promised that he would bless and protect them.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1697, H2388, H3349, H4928, H6213, H7181, H8085, H8086, H8104, G191, G3980, G3982, G5083, G5084, G5218, G5219, G5255, G5292, G5293, G5442

عانى ، معاناة

Other :: عانى ، معاناة

تعريف

كلمات “عانى” و “معاناة” بوري تجربة حاجة مزعجة شديد, زي مثلآ,المرض,الألم, او متاعب اخرى.

لمن يكون الناس مضطهدين او لمن يمرضوا, بيعانوا
مرات الناس بيعانوا بسبب الأخطاء العملوها و مرات تانية بيعانوا بسبب الخطية او الأمراض في العالم.
المعاناة ممكن تكون جسدية, زي الأحساس بالألم او المرض. ممكن كمان تكون عاطفيا, زي الأحساس بالخوف, حزن, او الوحدة.
عبارة “اتحملني” معناه “اسمح لي” او “اسمعني” او “اسمعني بصبر”.

مقترحات

كلمة “عانى” يمكن يترجم زي"الشعور بالألم" او “تحمل الصعوبات” او “اختبار مشقات” او “مرور بصعوبة و تجارب مؤلمة”.
علي حسب الحالة, “معاناة” يمكن يترجم زي"الظروف الصعبة شديد" او “المصاعب الشديدة” او “المعانا من المشقة” او “وقت التجارب المؤلمة”.
عبارة “يعاني العطش”" يمكن يترجم زي “اختبار العطش” او “معاناة من العطش”.
“معاناة العنف” ممكن تترجم زي “التعرض للعنف” او “التضرر بسبب اعمال العنف”.

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

9:13 God said, “I have seen the suffering of my people.”
38:12 Jesus prayed three times, “My Father, if it is possible, please let me not have to drink this cup of suffering.”
42:3 He (Jesus) reminded them that the prophets said the Messiah would suffer and be killed, but would rise again on the third day.
42:7 He (Jesus) said, “It was written long ago that the Messiah would suffer, die, and rise from the dead on the third day.”
44:5 “Although you did not understand what you were doing, God used your actions to fulfill the prophecies that the Messiah would suffer and die.”
46:4 God said, “I have chosen him (Saul) to declare my name to the unsaved. I will show him how much he must suffer for my sake.”
50:17 He (Jesus) will wipe away every tear and there will be no more suffering, sadness, crying, evil, pain, or death.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H943, H1741, H1934, H4531, H5142, H5375, H5999, H6031, H6040, H6041, H6064, H6090, H6770, H6869, H6887, H7661, G91, G941, G971, G2210, G2346, G2347, G2552, G2553, G2561, G3804, G3958, G4310, G4778, G4777, G4841, G5004

عذراء, عذرية

Other :: عذراء, عذرية

<<<<<<< HEAD

تعريف:

عذراء دي المراة ما مارست الجنس ابدآ قبل كدا.

النبي إشعياء قال أن المسيح حتولد من فتاء.
مريم كانت عذراء لمن هي كانت حامل بيسوع. هو كان ما عندو أب بشري.
بعض اللغات ممكون تكون عندها وصف لكلمة عذراء يوصف بيهو بطريقة مؤدبة. =======

virgin, virginity

تعريف:

Definition:

عذراء دي المراة ما مارست الجنس ابدآ قبل كدا. A virgin is a woman who has never had sexual relations.

النبي إشعياء قال أن المسيح حتولد من فتاء.

The prophet Isaiah said that the Messiah would be born from a virgin.

مريم كانت عذراء لمن هي كانت حامل بيسوع. هو كان ما عندو أب بشري.

Mary was a virgin when she was pregnant with Jesus. He did not have a human father.

بعض اللغات ممكون تكون عندها وصف لكلمة عذراء يوصف بيهو بطريقة مؤدبة.

Some languages may have a term that is a polite way of referring to a virgin. (See: Euphemism

(See also: Christ, Isaiah, Jesus, Mary)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

21:9 The prophet Isaiah prophesied that the Messiah would be born from a virgin.
22:4 She (Mary) was a virgin and was engaged to be married to a man named Joseph.
22:5 Mary replied, “How can this be, since I am a virgin?”
49:1 An angel told a virgin named Mary that she would give birth to God’s Son. So while she was still a virgin, she gave birth to a son and named him Jesus.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1330, H1331, G3932, G3933

عقاب ،عاقب ،عقوبة ،ما معاقب .

Other :: عقاب ،عاقب ،عقوبة ،ما معاقب .

التعريف:

كلمة “عقاب” تعني تخلي زول يتعب بسبب خطأ عمله . كلمة “عقوبة” تشير لنتيجة ما كويسة بسبب التصرف الغلط .

غالبا العقوبة بشجع الزول عشان يقيف من الخطايا.
الله عاقب الإسرائيليين لمن خالفوه ، خاصة لمن عبدوا الآلهة الكاذبة. عشان خطيتهم الله سمح لأعدائهم يهجموهم يقبضوهم .
الله عادل وبار عشان كدا بعاقب الخطية . اي إنسان اخطأ لله بستحق العقوبة.
يسوع اتعاقب على كل الحاجات الشريرة العملو كل شخص .هو شال عقوبة كل زول على نفسه رغم انو ما عمل خطأ وما بستحق العقوبة داك .
تعبيرات “يفلت من العقاب” و “يعفو من العقاب” معناه تقرر ما تعاقب الناس على بأخطائهم العملو. غالبا الله يسمح للخطيئة تمر بدون عقاب وينتظر التوبة من الناس .

(See also: just, repent, righteous, sin)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

13:7 God also gave many other laws and rules to follow. If the people obeyed these laws, God promised that he would bless and protect them. If they disobeyed them, God would punish them.
16:2 Because the Israelites kept disobeying God, he punished them by allowing their enemies to defeat them.
19:16 The prophets warned the people that if they did not stop doing evil and start obeying God, then God would judge them as guilty, and he would punish them.
48:6 Jesus was the perfect high priest because he took the punishment for every sin that anyone has ever committed.
48:10 When anyone believes in Jesus, the blood of Jesus takes away that person’s sin, and God’s punishment passes over him.
49:9 But God loved everyone in the world so much that he gave his only Son so that whoever believes in Jesus will not be punished for his sins, but will live with God forever.
49:11 Jesus never sinned, but he chose to be punished and die as the perfect sacrifice to take away your sins and the sins of every person in the world.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3027, H3256, H4148, H4941, H5221, H5414, H6031, H6064, H6213, H6485, H7999, H8011, H8199, G1349, G1556, G1557, G2849, G3811, G5097

علاج, عالج, يشفي , شفى, شفاء ،شافي, صحة, صحي, غير صحي.

Other :: علاج, عالج, يشفي , شفى, شفاء ،شافي, صحة, صحي, غير صحي.

تعريف:

كلمات “يشفي” و "علاج"الأتنين بيعنو انو يخلو الشخص العيان, الجريح او المعاق عشان يرجع لصحتو مرة تانية.

الشخص “الشفو” أو “العالجو” بكون “بقو كويس” أو “بقو صحي”.
الشفاء ممكن يحصل بشكل طبيعي طالما الله ادى اجسادنا القدرة عشان يعالج انواع كتيرة من الجروح و الأمراض. نوع الشفاء ده عادة بيحصل براحه او شوية شوية .
بينما في بعض الحالات، مثلآ العمي او الشلل و بعض الأمراض الخطيرة، زي الجذام، حتى لوما شفى نفسه براهو. لمن الناس يشفوهم من الحاجات ديل، ده المعجزة البحصل دايما فجاءة .
مثلآ, يسوع شفى ناس كتيرين الكانوا عميانين او الكسحيين او المرضى و بقوا كويسين طوالي.
الرسل برضو شفوا ناس بطريقه عجيبة، زي مثلآ لمن بطرس خلى الراجل المشلول يقدر يمشي طوالي.

(See also: miracle)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

19:14 One of the miracles happened to Naaman, an enemy commander, who had a horrible skin disease. He had heard of Elisha so he went and asked Elisha to heal him.
21:10 He (Isaiah) also predicted that the Messiah would heal sick people and those who could not hear, see, speak, or walk.
26:6 Jesus continued saying, “And during the time of the prophet Elisha, there were many people in Israel with skin diseases. But Elisha did not heal any of them. He only healed the skin disease of Naaman, a commander of Israel’s enemies.”
26:8 They brought many people who were sick or handicapped, including those who could not see, walk, hear, or speak, and Jesus healed them.
32:14 She had heard that Jesus had healed many sick people and thought, “I’m sure that if I can just touch Jesus’ clothes, then I will be healed, too!”
44:3 Immediately, God healed the lame man, and he began to walk and jump around, and to praise God.
44:8 Peter answered them, “This man stands before you healed by the power of Jesus the Messiah.”
49:2 Jesus did many miracles that prove he is God. He walked on water, calmed storms, healed many sick people, drove out demons, raised the dead to life, and turned five loaves of bread and two small fish into enough food for over 5,000 people.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H724, H1369, H1455, H2280, H2421, H2896, H3545, H4832, H4974, H7495, H7499, H7500, H7725, H7965, H8549, H8585, H8644, H622, G1295, G1743, G2322, G2323, G2386, G2390, G2392, G2511, G3647, G4982, G5198, G5199

فرح ، مفرح ، ابتهج ، سعيد

Other :: فرح ، مفرح ، ابتهج ، سعيد

تعريف:

فرح

كلمة “فرح” بشير للشعور بالبهجة أو رضى عميق. الكلمة المرتبطة “بمفرح” بتصف الشخص البشعر بسعادة كبيرة ومليان بسعادة عميقة.

الزول بشعر بفرح لمن يكون عندو إحساس عميق بأنو البمر بيهو كويس شديد.
الله هو البدي الفرح الحقيقي للناس.
الفرح ما بعتمد على الظروف السارة. الله ممكن يدي ناس فرح حتى لمن تحصل حاجات صعبة شديد في حياتهم.
احيانا الأماكن بوصفو بالمفرحة ، زي البيوت أو المدن. ده بيعني أنو الناس البعيشوا هناك فرحانين.

مبتهج

كلمة “ابتهج” بتعني تكون مليان بفرح و سعادة.

غالبًا الكلمة دي بتشير للسعادة الشديدة بالحاجات الكويسة العملها الله.
ممكن يترجمو زي “كن فرحان شديد” أو "كن سعيد شديد " أو “كن مليان بالفرح”.
لمن مريم قالت “روحي تفرح بالله مخلصي” ، قصدت " الله مخلصي خلاني فرحانة شديد" أو “شعرت بفرح شديد بسبب العملو لي الله مخلصي”.

اقتراحات الترجمة:

كلمة “فرح” ممكن كمان يترجمو زي “سعادة” أو “بهجة” أو “فرح عظيم”.
عبارة “كن فرحان” ممكن يترجمو زي “ابتهج” أو “كن سعيد شديد” أو ممكن يترجمو “كن سعيد شديد بصلاح الله”.
الشخص الفرحان ممكن يصفوه زي “فرحان شديد” أو “مبتهج” أو “سعيد شديد”.
العبارة زي “اعمل صرخة مفرحة” ممكن يترجمو زي “اصرخ بطريقة توري أنك سعيد شديد”
“مدينة مفرحة” أو “بيت مفرح” ممكن يترجمو زي “مدينة يعيش فيها ناس فرحانين شديد” أو “بيت مليان بالناس الفرحانين” أو “مدينة شعبها فرحانين شديد”. (انظر: الكناية)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

33:7 “The rocky ground is a person who hears God’s word and accepts it with joy.”
34:4 “The kingdom of God is also like hidden treasure that someone hid in a field… Another man found the treasure and then buried it again. He was so filled with joy, that he went and sold everything he had and used the money to buy that field.”
41:7 The women were full of fear and great joy. They ran to tell the disciples the good news.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1523, H1524, H1525, H2302, H2304, H2305, H2654, H2898, H4885, H5937, H5947, H5965, H5970, H6342, H6670, H7440, H7442, H7444, H7445, H7797, H7832, H8055, H8056, H8057, H8342, H8643, G20, G21, G2165, G2167, G2744, G4640, G4796, G4913, G5463, G5479

متكبر ، كبرياء ، التكبر

Other :: متكبر ، كبرياء ، التكبر

تعريف

كلمة “كبرياء” و “متكبر” بوري الشخص البفكر بشدة في نفسه ، وخاصة بفتكر أنه هو احسن من الآخرين

الشخص المتكبر غالبا لا يعترف بأخطائه. هو ما متواضع
ممكن الكبرياء يودي لعدم طاعة الله بطرق اخرى
كلمات “متكبر” و “كبرياء” يمكن برضو يستخدم في شعور إيجابي، زي مثلا “ان تكون متكبر” بما حققه شخص آخر وان تكون “متكبر” باطفالك. عبارة “اتكبر بشغلك” يعني تلقى فرح في عمل شغلك بشكل جيد
يمكن الواحد يتكبر بعمله, بدون ما يتكبرو بيهو. بعض اللغات عندها كلمات مختلفة للمعنيين المختلفتين ديل لكلمة “كبرياء”
كلمة “تكبر” دائمآ سلبي، بمعنى أن تكون “متكبر” أو “مغرور” أو “مهتم للذات”

مقتراحات الترجمة

الاسم “كبرياء” يمكن ترجمتة إلى “معجب بنفسه” أو “الغرور” أو “الأهتمام بالذات”
في حالات أخرى، “كبرياء” يمكن يترجم زي “فرح” أو “اشباع” أو “متعة”
ان تكون “متكبر” يمكن يترجم برضو الي “سعيد بـ” أو “راضٍ بـ” أو “مبسوط عشان (الإنجازات)”
العبارة “اتكبر بشغلك” يمكن يترجم زي"القى رضا في عمل شغلك بشكل جيد"
التعبير “اتكبر بيهو” برضو يمكن يترجم بـ"كن مسرور بكل الحاجات السمحة اليهوه عمله" أو "كن سعيد، كم هو يهوه رائع "

(See also: arrogant, humble, joy)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

4:2 They were very proud, and they did not care about what God said.
34:10 Then Jesus said, “I tell you the truth, God heard the tax collector’s prayer and declared him to be righteous. But he did not like the prayer of the religious leader. God will humble everyone who is proud, and he will lift up whoever humbles himself.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1341, H1343, H1344, H1346, H1347, H1348, H1349, H1361, H1362, H1363, H1364, H1396, H1466, H1467, H1984, H2086, H2087, H3093, H3238, H3513, H4062, H1431, H4791, H5965, H7295, H7312, H7342, H7311, H7830, H8597, G1391, G1392, G2744, G2745, G2746, G3173, G5187, G5229, G5243, G5244, G5308, G5309, G5426

مركبة ،سواق مركبة

Other :: مركبة ،سواق مركبة

التعريف

زمان ، كانت المركبات خفيفة الوزن وعندها عجلتين و بجروها بالحصين .

الناس بقعدوا أو بقيفوا في العربات و يستخدموها للحرب أو السفر.
في الحرب ، كان الجيش العندو عربات عندهم افضلية في الحركة والتنقل السريع على الجيش الما عندهم عربات .
كان المصريين والرومان الزمان مشهورين باستخدامهم للحصين والعربات .

(See also: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: Egypt, Rome)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

12:10 So they followed the Israelites onto the path through the sea, but God caused the Egyptians to panic and caused their chariots to get stuck.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H2021, H4817, H4818, H7393, H7395, H7398, G716, G4480

معلم ، المعلم

Other :: معلم ، المعلم

تعريف:

المعلم دا الشخص البدي ناس التانيين معلومات جديدة. المعلمين بساعدو التانين عشان يحصلوا على المعرفة ومهارات واستخدامها.

في الكتاب المقدس ، تستخدم كلمة “معلم” بمعنى خاص عشان يشير للشخص البعلم عن الله.
الناس البتعلموا من المعلم بسموهم “طلاب” أو “التلاميذ”.
في بعض ترجمات الكتاب المقدس ، يتم كتابة كلمة (“المعلم”) بالحرف الكبير لمن يستخدموا كعنوان للمسيح.

ترجمة مقترحات:

يمكن استخدام الكلمة المعروف للمعلم لترجمة الكلمة دي ، لو ما استخدموا الكلمة دي بس.
بعض الثقافات بستخدموا عنوان خاص لمعلمين الدين ، زي “سيدي” أو “ربي” أو “الواعظ”.

(See also: disciple, preach)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

27:1 One day, an expert in the Jewish law came to Jesus to test him, saying, “Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?”
28:1 One day a rich young ruler came up to Jesus and asked him, “Good Teacher, what must I do to have eternal life?”
37:2 After the two days had passed, Jesus said to his disciples, “Let’s go back to Judea.” “But Teacher,” the disciples answered, “Just a short time ago the people there wanted to kill you!”
38:14 Judas came to Jesus and said, “Greetings, Teacher,” and kissed him.
49:3 Jesus was also a great teacher, and he spoke with authority because he is the Son of God.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H3384, H3925, G1320, G2567, G3547, G5572

ملك ، ملكية

Other :: ملك ، ملكية

تعريف:

في الكتاب المقدس كلمة “ملك” بوري الراجل الحاكم الأعلى لمجموعة معين من الناس أو منطقة معين من الأرض (أو الأتنين معآ).

في أوقات الكتاب المقدس ، الملك يتم اختيارو للحكم على أساس العلاقة الأسرية بالملك (الملوك) السابق. لمن يموت الملك، عادة ولدو الأكبر بكون الملك بعده.
غالبآ الكتاب المقدس بوري أنو الله هو زي الملك البيحكم كل الكون (بشكل عام) وعلى شعبه (بمعنى محدد).
العهد الجديد بوري يسوع ملك, بطرق مختلف و بتشمل “ملك اليهود”، “ملك اسرائيل.” و “ملك الملوك”.
على حسب الحالة، كلمة “ملك” ممكن يترجم زي “السلطة الأعلى” او “الحاكم الأعلي”.
لعبارة “ملك الملوك” ممكن يترجم زي “ملك يحكم جميع الملوك الآخرين” أو “الحاكم الأعلى العندو سلطة على جميع الحكام الآخرين”.

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

8:6 One night, the Pharaoh, which is what the Egyptians called their kings, had two dreams that disturbed him greatly.
16:1 The Israelites had no king, so everyone did what they thought was right for them.
16:18 Finally, the people asked God for a king like all the other nations had.
17:5 Eventually, Saul died in battle, and David became king of Israel. He was a good king, and the people loved him.
21:6 God’s prophets also said that the Messiah would be a prophet, a priest, and a king.
48:14 David was the king of Israel, but Jesus is the king of the entire universe!

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4427, H4428, H4430, G935, G936

مملكة

Other :: مملكة

نعريف:

المملكة هي مجموعة من الناس يحكمها ملك. كمان بشير لمملكةاو مناطق سياسية البحكمها او يسيطر عليها ملك او اي حاكم اخر .

ممكن تكون المملكة بأي حجم جغرافي. الملك ممكن يحكم أمة أو دولة أو مدينة واحدة بس
كلمة “مملكة” ممكن برضو تشير الى حكم أو سلطة روحية ، زي في كلمة “ملكوت الله”
الله هو الحاكم كل الخليقة ، لكن كلمة “ملكوت الله” تشير بشكل خاص إلى ملكه وسلطانه على الناس الآمنوا بيسوع وخضعوا لسلطانه.
الكتاب المقدس بتكلم عن “مملكةالشيطان” البتحكم على حاجات كتيرة في الارض بشكل مؤقت . مملكته شريرة وبسموه “الظلمة”

افترحات ترجمة:

لمن يشير لاقليم جغرافي يحكمها ملك ، كلمة “مملكة” يمكن يترجمو زي “دولة (يحكمها ملك)” أو “إقليم ملك” أو “اقليم يحكمها ملك”.
بالمعنى الروحي ، يمكن ترجمة “المملكة” إلى “حاكم” أو “سيادة” أو “سيطرة” أو “حاكم”
واحد من طرق ترجمة “مملكة الكهنة” هي "الكهنة الروحانين البيحكمهم الله
يمكن ترجمة عبارة “مملكة النور” زي “حكم الله الكويس زي النور” أو “لمن يحكم الله ، وهو نور الناس” أو “نور وخير مملكة الله”. ومن الأفضل نخلي كلمة “نور” في التعبير ده لانو مهم شديد في الكتاب المقدس.
لاحظ انو كلمة “مملكة” تختلف عن كلمة “إمبراطورية” ، الإمبراطور هو البيحكم دول كتير.

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

13:2 God said to Moses and the people of Israel, “If you will obey me and keep my covenant, you will be my prized possession, a kingdom of priests, and a holy nation.”
18:4 God was angry with Solomon and, as a punishment for Solomon’s unfaithfulness, he promised to divide the nation of Israel in two kingdoms after Solomon’s death.
18:7 Ten of the tribes of the nation of Israel rebelled against Rehoboam. Only two tribes remained faithful to him. These two tribes became the kingdom of Judah.
18:8 The other ten tribes of the nation of Israel that rebelled against Rehoboam appointed a man named Jeroboam to be their king. They set up their kingdom in the northern part of the land and were called the kingdom of Israel.
21:8 A king is someone who rules over a kingdom and judges the people.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4410, H4437, H4438, H4467, H4468, H4474, H4475, G932

نعجة ، كبش ،خروف ،زريبة الغنم ،جزازة الغنم ،جلود الغنم .

Other :: نعجة ، كبش ،خروف ،زريبة الغنم ،جزازة الغنم ،جلود الغنم .

التعريف

الخروف حيوان متوسط في حجمه عندو اربع رجل وصوف بغطي جسمه.زكر الخروف بسموه "كبش " .انثى الخروف اسمه “نعجة” جمع خروف هو خرفان

جنى الخروف بسمو “حمل”
الاسرائيلين غالبا بستخدموا الخرفان لزبائح، خصوصا زكر الخروف و الخروف الصغير .
الناس بياكلوا لحم الخرفان و بستخدموا صوفهم في عمل ملابس و حاجات تانية .
الخرفان بثقوا شديد و ضعيفين و خجولين و بسهولة بتأثروا فيهم عشان يودروهم ،هم دايرين راعي عشان يسوقهم ويديهم اكل، ، مويه و ضل .
في الكتاب المقدس الناس بقارنوهم بالخرفان البرعاهم الله زي راعي ليهم .

(Translation suggestions: How to Translate Unknowns

(See also: Israel, lamb, sacrifice, shepherd)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

9:12 One day while Moses was taking care of his sheep, he saw a bush that was on fire.
17:2 David was a shepherd from the town of Bethlehem. At different times while he was watching his father’s sheep, David had killed both a lion and a bear that had attacked the sheep.
30:3 To Jesus, these people were like sheep without a shepherd.
38:8 Jesus said, “All of you will all abandon me tonight. It is written, ‘I will strike the shepherd and all the sheep will be scattered.’”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H352, H1494, H1798, H2169, H3104, H3532, H3535, H3733, H3775, H5739, H5763, H6260, H6629, H6792, H7353, H7462, H7716, G4165, G4262, G4263

يتمرد ، تمرد ، ثوري ، التمرد

Other :: يتمرد ، تمرد ، ثوري ، التمرد

التعريف:

كلمة “متمرد” معناه ترفض ان تخضع لسلطة شخص معين. الشخص “المتمرد” غالبا بخالف وبعمل حاجات شريرة. نوع الشخص ده بسمو “متمرد”.

الشخص بتمرد لمن يعمل حاجة السلطات الفوق عليهو قالوا ليهو ما يعملو .
يمكن الشخص برضو يتمرد لمن يرفض يعمل الحاجة السلطات امروه يعملو .
مرات الناس بتمردوا ضد حكومتهم أو قائدهم الحاكمهم .
كلمة “متمرد” يمكن برضو يترجمو زي “مخالفة” أو “تمرد” ، على حسب الحالة .
ممكن يترجمو “التمرد” برضو زي " مخالفة مستمر" أو “رفض الطاعة”.
كلمة “التمرد” يعني “رفض الطاعة” أو " مخالفة" أو “كسر القانون”.
ممكن تشير كلمة “التمرد” أو “تمرد” برضو إلى مجموعة منظمة من الناس البتمردوا علنا ضد السلطات الحاكمة من خلال كسر القانون ومهاجمة القادة وغيرهم من الناس. غالباً بحاولوا يخلو الناس التانيين ينضمو ليهم في التمرد .

(See also: authority, governor)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

14:14 After the Israelites had wandered in the wilderness for forty years, all of them who had rebelled against God were dead.
18:7 Ten of the tribes of the nation of Israel rebelled against Rehoboam.
18:9 Jeroboam rebelled against God and caused the people to sin.
18:13 Most of the people of Judah also rebelled against God and worshiped other gods.
20:7 But after a few years, the king of Judah rebelled against Babylon.
45:3 Then he (Stephen) said, “You stubborn and rebellious people always reject the Holy Spirit, just as your ancestors always rejected God and killed his prophets.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H4775, H4776, H4777, H4779, H4780, H4784, H4805, H5327, H5627, H5637, H6586, H6588, H7846, G3893, G4955

يخون, خاين

Other :: يخون, خاين

تعريف:

كلمة “يخون” معناه تعمل بطريقة غش و جرح شخص معين. “الخاين” هو الشخص البخون الصديق الكان بثق فيهو.

يهوذا كان “خاين” عشان هو كلم قادة اليهود كيف يقبضوا يسوع.
خاصةالخيانة العملو يهوذا كانت شريرة، عشان هو كان رسول تابع ليسوع وهو استلم قروش مقابل تقديم معلومات لقيادات اليهود البجيب نتيجة لموت يسوع الغير عادل.

مقترحات الترجمة

كلمة “يخون” يمكن يترجمو زي “غش و سبب جرح لي” او “سلمو للعدو” او “تعمل بغدر”.
كلمة “خاين” يمكن يترجمو زي “الشخص البخون” او “بيعمل بوجهين” او “متمرد”. =======

يخون, خاين

betray, betrayer

تعريف:

Definition:

كلمة “يخون” معناه تعمل بطريقة غش و جرح شخص معين. “الخاين” هو الشخص البخون الصديق الكان بثق فيهو. The term “betray” means to act in a way that deceives and harms someone. A “betrayer” is a person who betrays a friend who was trusting him.

يهوذا كان “خاين” عشان هو كلم قادة اليهود كيف يقبضوا يسوع.

Judas was “the betrayer” because he told the Jewish leaders how to capture Jesus.

خاصةالخيانة العملو يهوذا كانت شريرة، عشان هو كان رسول تابع ليسوع وهو استلم قروش مقابل تقديم معلومات لقيادات اليهود البجيب نتيجة لموت يسوع الغير عادل.

The betrayal by Judas was especially evil because he was an apostle of Jesus who received money in exchange for giving the Jewish leaders information that would result in Jesus’ unjust death.

مقترحات الترجمة

Translation Suggestions:

كلمة “يخون” يمكن يترجمو زي “غش و سبب جرح لي” او “سلمو للعدو” او “تعمل بغدر”.

Depending on the context, the term “betray” could be translated as “deceive and cause harm to” or “turn over to the enemy” or “treat treacherously.”

كلمة “خاين” يمكن يترجمو زي “الشخص البخون” او “بيعمل بوجهين” او “متمرد”.

The term “betrayer” could be translated as “person who betrays” or “double dealer” or “traitor.”

(See also: Judas Iscariot, Jewish leaders, apostle)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

21:11 Other prophets foretold that those who killed the Messiah would gamble for his clothes and he would be betrayed by a friend. The prophet Zechariah foretold that the friend would be paid thirty silver coins as payment for betraying the Messiah.
38:2 After Jesus and the disciples arrived in Jerusalem, Judas went to the Jewish leaders and offered to betray Jesus to them in exchange for money.
38:3 The Jewish leaders, led by the high priest, paid Judas thirty silver coins to betray Jesus.
38:6 Then Jesus said to the disciples, “One of you will betray me.” â€¦ Jesus said, “The person to whom I give this piece of bread is the betrayer.”
38:13 When he returned the third time, Jesus said, “Wake up! My betrayer is here.”
38:14 Then Jesus said, “Judas, do you betray me with a kiss?”
39:8 Meanwhile, Judas, the betrayer, saw that the Jewish leaders had condemned Jesus to die. He became full of sorrow and went away and killed himself.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H7411, G3860, G4273

يشحد ,شحاد , محتاج

Other :: يشحد ,شحاد , محتاج

تعريف

كلمة “يشحد” بيعني تطلب حاجة من شخص أخر بسرعة .غالبًا بشير لطلب قروش , لكن برضو بستخدموا كتير عشان يوري الترجي في طلب حاجة .

غالبا الناس بيشحدوا او بترجوا لمن يحتاجوا لحاجة شديد, لكن ما بيعرفوا لو الشخص الآخر حيديهم الطلبوا ام لا ؟
“الشحاد” ده الشخص البقعد أو بقيف في محل عام بانتظام عشان يطلب قروش من الناس .
علي حسب الحالة, الكلمة ده يمكن تترجم زي “يترجى” او “طلب عاجل” او “طالب قروش” او “طلب قروش بأنتظام”

(See also: plead)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

10:4 God sent frogs all over Egypt. Pharaoh begged Moses to take away the frogs.
29:8 “The king called the servant and said, ‘You wicked servant! I forgave your debt because you begged me.’”
32:7 The demons begged Jesus, “Please do not send us out of this region!” There was a herd of pigs feeding on a nearby hill. So, the demons begged Jesus, “Please send us into the pigs instead!”
32:10 The man who used to have the demons begged to go along with Jesus.
35:11 His father came out and begged him to come and celebrate with them, but he refused.
44:1 One day, Peter and John were going to the Temple. As they approached the Temple gate, they saw a crippled man who was begging for money.

Word Data:

Strong’s: H34, H7592, G154, G1871, G4319, G4434

يضطهد

Other :: يضطهد

تعريف:

الكلمات “يضطهد” و “اضطهاد” بشيرو لاستمرار معاملة شخص أو مجموعة معينة من الناس بطريقة قاسية تسبب ليهم الضرر.

ممكن الاضطهاد يكون ضد شخص واحد أو ناس كتار وعادة يشمل هجوم متكرر و مستمر.
الإسرائيليين اتعرضوا للاضطهاد من مجموعات مختلفة من الناس الهاجموهم وأسروهم وسرقوا حاجاتهم.
غالبًا الناس بضطهدوا الناس التانين العندهم معتقدات دينية مختلفة أو الضعاف.
قادة اليهود الدينيين اضطهدوا يسوع عشان كان ما عجبهم تعلّيمه.
بعد ما يسوع رجع لسماء ، قادة اليهود الدينيين والحكومة الرومانية اضطهدوا أتباعوا.
الكلمة “اضطهاد” ممكن كمان يترجموا زي “استمرار في الضغط” أو “عامل بقسوة” أو “سؤ المعاملة بالاستمرار”.
طرق ترجمة “الاضطهاد” ممكن تشمل ، “المعاملة القاسية” أو “الضغط” أو"المعاملة المؤذية المستمرة"

(See also: Christian, church, oppress, Rome)

Bible References:

Examples from the Bible stories:

33:7 “The rocky ground is a person who hears God’s word and accepts it with joy. But when he experiences hardship or persecution, he falls away.”
45:6 That day many people in Jerusalem started persecuting the followers of Jesus, so the believers fled to other places.
46:2 Saul heard someone say, “Saul! Saul! Why do you persecute me?” Saul asked, “Who are you, Master?” Jesus replied to him, “I am Jesus. You are persecuting me!”
46:4 But Ananias said, “Master, I have heard how this man has persecuted the believers.”

Word Data:

Strong’s: H1814, H7291, H7852, G1375, G1376, G1377, G1559, G2347