In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
{This is how everything} began: God created the heavens and the earth.
Now the earth was formless and empty, and darkness {was} over the surface of the deep {waters}, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters.
{At first after that,} the earth did not have {its present} form, and there was nothing {living} on it. It was {totally} dark, there was deep water {everywhere}, and God’s Spirit was moving above the water.
Then God said, “Let there be light.” And there was light.
Then God said, “I command light to start shining!” And {immediately} light started shining.
And God saw the light, that {it was} good. Then God separated between the light and the darkness.
God observed that the light {was} excellent. Then he divided the light from the darkness {so that each had its own time}.
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And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. Then there was evening, and there was morning, one day.
He named the light Daytime, and the darkness he named Nighttime. Then evening came, and {later} morning came, {and that was} {the end of} the first day.
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Then God said, “Let there be an expanse in the middle of the waters, and let it separate the waters from the waters.”
Then God said, “I command there to be a large space in the middle of the water, so that it divides the water into two separate places.”
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So God made the expanse and separated between the waters that {were} under the expanse and the waters that {were} above the expanse. And it was so.
That is how God made a large space and used it to divide the water that {was} below the space from the water that {was} above it. Everything happened {exactly} as he commanded,
And God called the expanse Heavens. Then there was evening, and there was morning, the second day.
and he named the space Sky. Then evening came, and {later} morning came, {and that was} {the end of} the second day.
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Then God said, “Let the waters under the heavens be gathered to one place, and let the dry ground appear.” And it was so.
Then God said, “I command the water {that is} below the sky to come together in one place so that there is dry ground.” And that is {exactly} what happened.
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And God called the dry ground Land, and the gathered waters he called Seas. And God saw that {it was} good.
Then God named the ground that had dried off Land, and he named the water which had gathered together Ocean. And he observed that {what he had made was} excellent.
Then God said, “Let the land sprout vegetation: {every} plant yielding seed, {every} fruit tree bearing fruit according to its kind, that {has} its seed inside it, on the earth.” And it was so.
Then God said, “I command the land to produce {green} plants all over the earth, {including} {all types of} plants that produce seeds {and} {all types of} fruit trees that produce their own type of fruit with seeds inside.” And that is {exactly} what happened.
So the land brought out vegetation, {every} plant yielding seed according to its kind, and {every} tree bearing fruit that {has} its seed inside it, according to its kind. And God saw that {it was} good.
The land started producing {green} plants, {including} {all types of} plants that produce their own type of seeds and {all types of} trees that produce their own type of fruit with seeds inside. God observed that {what he had made was} excellent.
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Then there was evening, and there was morning, the third day.
Then evening came, and {later} morning came, {and that was} {the end of} the third day.
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Then God said, “Let there be lights in the expanse of the heavens to separate between the day and the night. And let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days and years.
Then God said, “I command there to be sources of light in the sky that divide the day{time} from the night{time}. They must also mark when important things happen, and {they must} show when seasons, days and years begin {and end}.
And let them be as lights in the expanse of the heavens to shine on the earth.” And it was so.
They must function as lights in the sky that shine {light} on the earth.” And that is {exactly} what happened.
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So God made the two great lights, the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night, and the stars.
That is how God made the two bright lights, the brighter light to shine during the day{time}, and the weaker light to shine during the night{time}. {That is} also {when he made} the stars.
And God set them in the expanse of the heavens to shine on the earth,
He put those lights in the sky to shine light on the earth,
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and to rule over the day and over the night, and to separate between the light and the darkness. And God saw that {it was} good.
to shine during the day{time} or during the night{time}, and to divide the light from the darkness. God observed that {what he had made was} excellent.
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Then there was evening, and there was morning, the fourth day.
Then evening came, and {later} morning came, {and that was} {the end of} the fourth day.
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Then God said, “Let the waters swarm {with} swarm{s} of living creature{s}, and let bird{s} fly above the earth across the face of the expanse of the sky.”
Then God said, “I command there to be large groups of {water} animals that live everywhere in the water. I also command there to be birds that fly in the sky above the earth.”
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So God created the great sea creatures and every living creature that moves which the waters swarm with according to their kind, and every winged bird according to its kind. And God saw that {it was} good.
That is how God made the huge sea animals and all {the other} {types of} animals that live all over the place in the water, {each} having its own type of young. {That is} also {how he made} all {the different types of} birds, {each} having its own type of young. God observed that {what he had made was} excellent.
Then God blessed them, saying, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the waters in the seas, and let the bird{s} multiply on the earth.”
Then he blessed them {all} by saying {to them}, “You {water animals} must have many young so that you increase {greatly} {in number} and live all over the place in the ocean. {You} birds must {also} increase {greatly} {in number} all over the earth.”
Then there was evening, and there was morning, the fifth day.
Then evening came, and {later} morning came, {and that was} {the end of} the fifth day.
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Then God said, “Let the land bring forth {every} living creature according to its kind: livestock and {every} crawling creature and {every} living thing of the earth, {each} according to its kind.” And it was so.
Then God said, “I command the land to produce {all types of} animals, {each} having its own type of young, {including} domestic animals, {all types of} animals that crawl and {all} the {other types of} wild animals, {each} having its own type of young.” And that is {exactly} what happened.
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So God made {every} creature of the earth according to its kind, and the livestock according to its kind, and every crawling creature of the ground according to its kind. And God saw that {it was} good.
That is how God made {all the different types of} wild animals, {each} having its own type of young, and {all} the domestic animals, {each} having its own type of young, and all {different types of} animals that crawl on the ground, {each} having its own type of young. God observed that {what he had made was} excellent.
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Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, according to our likeness, and let them rule over the fish of the sea and over the bird{s} of the sky and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every moving creature moving on the earth.”
Then God said {to himself}, “{Now} we should make human beings to be like us and act like us, and let us put them in charge of the fish in the ocean, the birds in the sky, the domestic animals, and the entire earth, including all the animals that live on the earth.”
Then God created man in his image. In the image of God he created him; male and female he created them.
So God created human beings to be like himself. {Yes,} he made them to be like himself. He {also} created them {to be} male or female.
Then God blessed them, and God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth and subdue it. And rule over the fish of the sea and over the bird{s} of the sky and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”
Then God blessed them by saying to them, “Have many children so that you {and your descendants} increase {greatly} {in number} and live all over the earth and take control of it. You are in charge of the fish in the ocean, the birds in the sky, and all the animals that live on the land.”
Then God said, “Behold, I have given to you every plant {that} yields seed that {is} on the surface of the whole earth and every tree that {has} tree fruit {that} yields seed inside it. They will be yours for food.
Then he {also} said {to them}, “Listen, I am {now} giving to you {for food} all {the different types of} plants that produce seeds and grow anywhere on the earth, as well as all the {different types of} trees that {produce} fruit with seeds inside it. {All of} them are yours to eat from.
And to every living thing of the earth, and to every bird of the sky, and to every{thing} moving on the earth that {has} living breath in it, {I have given} every green plant for food.” And it was so.
In the same way, {I give} every {type of} green plant for food to all the {wild} animals {that live} on the earth, and all the birds {that fly} in the sky, and all the {other} animals {that live} on the land and breathe {air}.” And that is how it was.
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Then God saw all that he had made, and behold, {it was} very good. Then there was evening, and there was morning, the sixth day.
Then God looked at everything that he had made, and he observed that it was {all} very excellent. Then evening came, and {later} morning came, {and that was} {the end of} the sixth day.
So the heavens and the earth were completed, and all their hosts.
That is how God finished {creating} the heavens and the earth, including all the many things that are in them.
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And by the seventh day God had completed his work that he had done, so he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done.
By the seventh day he had finished the work he had been doing, so he rested on that day from all that work.
And God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, because on it he rested from all his work of creating that God had done.
Then God established the seventh day {as a day} to bless {people}, by setting it apart as a special time {to rest and worship him}. {He did that} because on that day he no longer did the work that he had been doing, creating {everything}.
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These {are} the generations of the heavens and the earth when they were created, in the day {when} Yahweh God made the earth and the heavens,
What follows tells {more details about} the history of what {God} did when he created the heavens and the earth: During the time {when} Yahweh {who is} God created the earth and the heavens,
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and every shrub of the field had not yet appeared on the earth, and every plant of the field had not yet sprung up, because Yahweh God had not caused it to rain on the earth, and there was no man to work the ground.
{for a while} there were not yet any bushes {growing} in the fields on the earth, and there were not any {other} plants that had sprouted yet. {That was} because God had not {yet} sent rain to water the earth, and human beings did not exist {yet} to cultivate the ground.
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But mist came up from the earth and watered all of the surface of the ground.
{During that time} springs of water kept seeping up from underground and supplied water to the entire surface of the land.
Then Yahweh God formed the man {out of} dust from the ground, and he breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living being.
Then Yahweh {who is} God {took} {some} dirt from the earth {and} formed the first man {out of it}. Then he blew his breath into the man’s nostrils to make him live, so that the man became alive.
Now Yahweh God had planted a garden in Eden, in the east, and there he put the man whom he had formed.
Now Yahweh God had planted a {large} garden in {the region of} Eden, {which was} in the east, and that is where he put the man whom he had created.
And Yahweh God had made to grow from the ground every tree {that} is pleasant to the sight and good for food, and the tree of life in the middle of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
{There} Yahweh had caused all {types of} trees to grow from the ground that are beautiful to look at and {that grow fruit that is} good to eat. In the middle of the garden was the tree whose fruit makes people live {forever}, as well as the tree whose fruit enables people to know {what is} good and {what is} evil.
And a river was going out from Eden to water the garden, and from there it divided and became four head{water}s.
There was a river flowing through {the region of} Eden that provided water for the park. From Eden the river divided into four {smaller} rivers.
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The name of the first {is} Pishon. It winds through all of the land of Havilah, where gold {is}.
The first {river} {was} the Pishon {River}, which flowed around the entire region of Havilah, {a place} where {there was} {much} gold.
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And the gold of that land {is} good. Bdellium and onyx stone {are} there.
In fact, the gold from that region {was} {very} pure. A {type of} fragrant resin and {valuable} onyx gemstones {were} {also} in that region.
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And the name of the second river {is} Gihon. It winds through all of the land of Cush.
The second river {was} the Gihon {River}, which flowed around through the entire region of Cush.
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And the name of the third river {is} Tigris. It goes east of Asshur. And the fourth river {is} Euphrates.
The third river {was} the Tigris {River}, which flowed east of {the region of} Assyria, and the fourth river {was} called the Euphrates {River}.
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And Yahweh God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and tend it.
After Yahweh God placed the man in Eden Garden to cultivate it and take care of it,
Then Yahweh God commanded the man, saying, “From every tree of the garden you may freely eat,
he instructed him, “You may eat as much {fruit} as you want {to eat} from any tree in the garden,
but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, because on the day you eat from it you will surely die.”
except I forbid you to eat {any fruit} from the tree whose fruit enables people to know {what is} good and {what is} evil. If you eat {fruit} from that tree, on that {same} day you will definitely die.”
Then Yahweh God said, “{It is} not good {for} the man to be alone. I will make a suitable helper for him.”
Then Yahweh {who is} God said, “{It is} not good {for} the man to live by himself. {So} I will create someone who is just right for him to help him.”
Now Yahweh God had formed from the ground every living thing of the field and every bird of the sky. So he brought {them} to the man to see what he would call them, and whatever the man called a living creature, that {was} its name.
Now {previously,} Yahweh had used {dirt} from the ground to form all {the different types of} wild animals and all {the different types of} birds {that fly} in the sky. So he brought {them all} to the man to hear how he would name them. Whatever name the man gave to each {kind of} animal, that {became} the name for that kind of animal.
And the man gave names to all the livestock and to the bird{s} of the sky and to every living thing of the field, but for the man a suitable helper was not found.
The man gave names to all the {different kinds of} livestock and to {all} the {different kinds of} birds {that fly} in the sky, and to all the {different kinds of} wild animals, but none of them was an appropriate companion to help him.
So Yahweh God caused a deep sleep to fall on the man. And {while} he was sleeping, then he took one of his ribs and closed up its place {with} flesh.
So Yahweh God caused the man to sleep deeply. Then while the man was asleep, God took a rib {out of the man’s body} and filled in the place where it had been with flesh {and healed it}.
Then Yahweh God built the rib which he had taken from the man into a woman, and he brought her to the man.
Next Yahweh God made a woman from the rib which he had taken out of the man{’s body}, and he took her to the man.
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And the man said, “This {one} now {is} bone from my bones and flesh from my flesh! She will be called ‘woman,’ because {it was} from a man {that} she was taken.”
{When the man saw her,} he exclaimed, “Finally! Here is someone {like me} who has bones and flesh from me! I will call her ‘woman,’ because {it was} from {the body of} a man {that} {God} took her.”
For that {reason} a man will leave his father and his mother, and he will cling to his wife, and they will become one flesh.
Because of that, {when a man gets married,} he must leave {the home of} his father and mother, and he must unite with his wife, so that they become completely united.
And the man and his wife were both naked, but they were not ashamed.
{During that time} the man and his wife did not wear any clothes, but {yet} they were not ashamed {about it}.
Now the serpent was more crafty than every living thing of the field that Yahweh God had made. And he said to the woman, “Did God really say, ‘You must not eat from any tree of the garden’?”
Now the snake was the craftiest of all the animals that Yahweh God had created. {One day} he asked the woman, “Did God really command you to not eat {fruit} from any of the trees in the garden?”
Then the woman said to the serpent, “We may eat from the fruit of the tree{s} of the garden,
The woman answered him, “{No,} {God said that} we may eat fruit from {any of} the tree{s} in the garden,
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except from the fruit of the tree that {is} in the middle of the garden. God said, ‘You must not eat from it, and you must not touch it, or else you will die!’ ”
except fruit from the tree that is in the center of the garden. He commanded {us} to not eat that fruit or even touch it, because if we do, we will die!”
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But the serpent said to the woman, “You will not surely die.
But the snake said to the woman, “{That is not true.} You will not die.
For God knows that on the day you eat from it, then your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God in knowing good and evil.”
Actually, God knows that as soon as you eat {fruit} from that tree, you will understand new things, so that you will know {what is} right and {what is} wrong just like God does.”
And the woman saw that the tree {was} good for food, and that it {was} pleasant to the eyes, and {that} the tree was desirable for gaining wisdom. So she took some of its fruit and ate {it}. Then she also gave {some} to her husband with her, and he ate {it}.
The woman saw that the tree{’s fruit} {looked} good to eat and that the tree {itself} was {very} beautiful. She also wanted {to eat} the fruit so that it would make her wise. So she picked some of the fruit {off the tree} and ate it. She also gave {some of the fruit} to her husband, {who was} {there} with her, and he ate {it} {too}.
Then the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they {were} naked. So they sewed fig leaves together and made aprons for themselves.
Suddenly they both understood new things, and they realized that their bodies {were} bare. So they sewed {some} fig {tree} leaves together and made clothes for themselves {to cover their nakedness}.
Then they heard the sound of Yahweh God walking in the garden in the breeze of the day, but the man and his wife hid from the presence of Yahweh God among the tree{s} of the garden.
{Late that afternoon,} during the cool time of the day, the man and his wife heard Yahweh God’s voice as he walked in the garden, but they hid from him behind some tree{s} in the garden.
So Yahweh God called to the man and said to him, “Where {are} you?”
So Yahweh God called {out} to the man, “{Adam,} where are you?”
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And he said, “I heard your sound in the garden, but I was afraid because I {was} naked, so I hid.”
The man replied, “I heard the sound of you {walking} in the garden, but I was afraid because I was naked, so I hid {from you}.”
Then he said, “Who told you that you {were} naked? Did you eat from the tree that I commanded you not to eat from?”
Then Yahweh God asked, “Who told you that you were naked? Did you {disobey me and} eat {fruit} from the tree from which I ordered you not to eat?”
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Then the man said, “The woman whom you gave {to be} with me, she gave me {fruit} from the tree, and I ate {it}.”
The man replied, “The woman whom you put here {to be} with me, she {is the one who} gave me some of that fruit, so I ate {it}.”
Then Yahweh God said to the woman, “What {is} this you have done?” And the woman said, “The serpent deceived me, so I ate {it}.”
Then Yahweh God asked the woman, “What did you do?” The woman replied, “The snake tricked me, so I ate {some of the fruit}.”
Then Yahweh God said to the serpent, “Because you have done this, you are cursed above all the livestock and above every living thing of the field. You will move on your belly, and you will eat dust all the days of your life.
So Yahweh God said to the snake, “Because you did that, I am cursing you more {severely} than all the livestock and all the animals in the fields! {As a result,} you must crawl {along the ground} on your belly, and you will eat dust {with your food} for as long as you live.
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I will also put hostility between you and the woman, and between your offspring and her offspring. He will strike you {on} the head, and you will strike him {on} the heel.”
Besides that, I will cause you and your descendants to be enemies with the woman and her descendants. {In fact,} her descendant will crush your head, and you will bite his heel.”
To the woman he said, “To multiply I will multiply your pain and your childbearing; in pain you will bear children. Yet your desire {will be} for your husband, and he will rule over you.”
{Then} God said to the woman, “I will greatly increase how much you suffer when you bear children, {yes,} you will suffer {much pain} when you give birth. But you will {still} desire {to be with} your husband, and he will dominate you.”
Then to the man he said, “Since you listened to the voice of your wife and ate from the tree that I commanded you, saying, ‘You must not eat from it,’ the ground is cursed because of you. By painful toil you will eat {from} it all the days of your life.
Then God said to Adam, “You did what your wife said and ate {fruit} from the tree that I commanded you not to eat {any fruit} from. Because of what you did, I have cursed the ground. {As a result,} for as long as you live, you will have to work {very} hard and suffer {to grow enough food} to eat.
And it will produce thorn{s} and thistle{s} for you, and you will eat the plant{s} of the field{s}.
In fact, thorn plants and thistle plants {and other weeds} will grow from the ground {and make it difficult} for you to grow {enough} crops in your fields for food.
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By the sweat of your nose you will eat bread, until you return to the ground, since from it you were taken. For you {are} dust, and to dust you will return.”
You will have to {work hard and} sweat a lot in order to {produce} {enough} food to eat, until you {die and} again become dirt, which I created you from. Yes, {I created} you out of dirt, so dirt is what you will become again {after you die}.”
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Then the man called the name of his wife Eve, because she was the mother of all the living.
Then Adam named his wife Eve, {which means “living,”} because she would be the mother of everyone who would ever live.
Then Yahweh God made garments of {animal} skins for Adam and his wife, and he clothed them.
Then Yahweh God made {some} clothes out of {animal} skins for Adam and his wife, and he put the clothes on them.
Then Yahweh God said, “Behold, the man has become like one of us in knowing good and evil. And now he must not reach out his hand and also take {fruit} from the tree of life and eat it and live forever!”
Then Yahweh God said {to himself}, “Look! The man {and his wife} have become like one of us, so that they know {what is} good and {what is} evil. So now we must do something so that they do not also pick and eat {fruit} from the tree that gives people {eternal} life, which will make them live forever!”
So Yahweh God sent him out of the Garden of Eden to work the ground which he had been taken from.
Then Yahweh God expelled the man {and his wife} from Eden Garden to work the ground which he had made them from.
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And after he drove the man out, then he placed on the east side of the Garden of Eden cherubim {angels} and a flaming sword that was turning in every direction to guard the way of the tree of life.
After he expelled them, he stationed to the east {side} of the garden {some} {powerful} cherubim {angels} and a burning sword that was swinging around in all directions to keep everyone away from the path to the tree whose fruit makes people live {forever}.
Then the man knew Eve his wife, and she conceived and bore Cain. And she said, “I have obtained a man with Yahweh!”
Then Adam had {marital} relations with his wife Eve, and she became pregnant and gave birth to {a son they named} Cain, {which means “obtained.”} {They named him that} because she said, “Yahweh has enabled me to obtain a son!”
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Then she continued on to bear his brother Abel. Now Abel became a keeper of flock{s}, and Cain became a worker of the ground.
Then Eve also gave birth to Cain’s brother {whom they named} Abel. {When they grew up,} Abel became a shepherd, and Cain became a {crop} farmer.
And it happened in the course of days that Cain brought some of the fruit of the ground {as} an offering to Yahweh.
As time went by, one day Cain gave some of the crops {that he had grown} in his fields to Yahweh as a gift {to honor him}.
And Abel also brought some of the firstborn of his flock{s} and some of their fat. And Yahweh looked {favorably} on Abel and his offering.
Abel also gave {a gift} {to Yahweh}, {but what he gave was} some of the firstborn animals from his flock{s}, including some of their best parts. Yahweh was pleased with Abel and his gift.
But he did not look {favorably} on Cain and his offering. So Cain burned with intense anger, and his face fell.
However, he was not pleased with Cain or his gift. So Cain became extremely angry, and he frowned.
Then Yahweh said to Cain, “Why are you burning with anger? And why is your face fallen?
Then Yahweh asked him, “Why are you so angry? And why are you frowning?
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If you do right, will {you} not {be} accepted? But if you do not do right, sin is crouching at the door, and its desire {is} for you, but you must rule over it.”
If you do {what is} right, I will accept {you} {and your offering}. But if you do not do {what is} right, then sin {is like a fierce animal that} is waiting outside your door {to attack you}. It wants {to control} you, but you must control it {so that you do not sin}.”
Then Cain spoke to Abel his brother. And it happened while they were in the field, then Cain rose up against Abel his brother and killed him.
But {after that,} Cain said to his brother Abel, “Let’s go out to the field {to work} {together}.” So {they went out} to the field, and while they were there, Cain attacked his brother and murdered him.
Then Yahweh said to Cain, “Where {is} Abel your brother?” And he replied, “I do not know. Am I my brother’s keeper?”
Later Yahweh asked Cain, “Where {is} your brother Abel?” Cain responded, “I don’t know {where he is}. Is it my job to take care of my brother?”
Then he said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood is crying out to me from the ground!
Then Yahweh said {to him}, “You have done a terrible thing! I see your brother’s blood on the ground, and I must punish you {for killing him}!
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So now you are cursed from the ground, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand.
So from now on I am cursing you {so that you will not be able to grow food} from the ground, which is where your brother’s blood spilled out when you murdered him.
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When you work the ground, it will not continue to yield its strength for you. You will be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth.”
Whenever you {try to} farm the ground, it will no longer produce good crops for you. {From now on,} you will be an outcast who wanders around on the earth {without a permanent home}.”
Then Cain said to Yahweh, “My punishment {is} greater than I can bear.
Cain replied to Yahweh, “You are punishing me more {severely} than I can endure.
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Behold, today you are driving me from the surface of the ground, and I will be hidden from your presence. And I will be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth, and it will be {that} everyone who finds me will kill me!”
Look, you have now banished me from {farming} the ground, and I will be far away from you. I will be a homeless fugitive on the earth, so that whoever sees me will kill me!”
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Then Yahweh said to him, “For that {reason}, anyone who kills Cain will suffer vengeance seven times over!” Then Yahweh put a mark on Cain so that everyone who found him would not strike him.
Yahweh replied to him, “So then, {I will warn everyone that} I will take vengeance on whoever kills you {and punish him} seven times more {severely} {than I am punishing you}!” Then he put a mark on Cain to warn everyone who met him not to kill him.
Then Cain went away from the presence of Yahweh and lived in the land of Nod, east of Eden.
Then Cain left Yahweh’s presence and lived in the region of Nod, {which means “wandering,”} {which was} east of {the region of} Eden.
Then Cain knew his wife, and she conceived and bore Enoch. And he was building a city, so he called the name of the city after the name of his son Enoch.
Then Cain had {marital} relations with his wife, and she became pregnant and gave birth to {a son they named} Enoch. {At that time} Cain was building a city, so he named the city after his son Enoch.
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Then to Enoch was born Irad, and Irad fathered Mehujael, and Mehujael fathered Methushael, and Methushael fathered Lamech.
When Enoch {grew up,} he had {a son named} Irad. Then Irad had {a son named} Mehujael. Then Mehujael had {a son named} Methushael. Then Methushael had {a son named} Lamech.
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Then Lamech took for himself two wives. The name of the one {was} Adah, and the name of the second {was} Zillah.
When Lamech {grew up,} he married two wives. His first wife’s name was Adah, and his other wife’s name was Zillah.
And Adah bore Jabal. He was the father of {those} who live {in} tents and own livestock.
Adah gave birth to {a son named} Jabal. He {grew up and} became the first of {all} those who live {in} portable shelters and raise livestock {for a living}.
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And the name of his brother {was} Jubal. He was the father of all who play harps and flutes.
His brother’s name was Jubal. He became the first of all {those} who play harps and flutes.
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And Zillah also bore Tubal Cain, who forged all {kinds} of tools out of bronze and iron. And the sister of Tubal Cain {was} Naamah.
{Lamech’s other wife} Zillah also gave birth to {a son named} Tubal Cain. He {was the first of all those who} make all {kinds} of tools {and other things} out of bronze and iron. Tubal Cain had a sister {whose name was} Naamah.
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And Lamech said to his wives, “Adah and Zillah, hear my voice. Wives of Lamech, give ear to my word{s}: For I killed a man for my wound, even a young man for my bruise.
{One day,} Lamech bragged to his {two} wives, “Adah and Zillah, listen to what I have to say. My wives, listen to this: I killed a young man for wounding me! In fact, {I killed} that man {just} because he bruised me.
If Cain is avenged seven times, then Lamech {is avenged} seventy-seven times!”
God will avenge Cain seven times, but {I,} Lamech {avenge myself} 77 times!”
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Then Adam knew his wife again, and she bore a son, and she called his name Seth, because {she had said}, “God has appointed for me another offspring in place of Abel, since Cain killed him.”
Then Adam had {marital} relations with his wife again, and she gave birth to a son, and she named him Seth, {which means “given.”} {She named him that} because {when he was born,} {she had said}, “God has given me another child to replace Abel, whom Cain killed.”
And to Seth also a son was born, and he called his name Enosh. Then {people} began to call on the name of Yahweh.
Seth also had a son, and he named him Enosh. During that time people began to worship {God} by using His name Yahweh.
This {is} the written account of the generations of Adam: On the day God created man{kind}, he made him in the likeness of God.
Here {is} the {family} record of Adam and his descendants: On the day when God created human beings, he made them to be like himself.
He created them male and female, and he blessed them and called their name “man{kind}” on the day they were created.
He {also} created them {to be} male and female, and on the {same} day that he created them, he blessed them and named them “human beings.”
And Adam lived 130 years, then he fathered {a son} in his own likeness, according to his image, and he called his name Seth.
When Adam was 130 years old, he had {a son} who was like him in many ways, and he named him Seth.
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And the days of Adam after he fathered Seth were 800 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Seth’s birth, Adam lived {another} 800 years. He {also} had {other} sons as well as daughters.
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So all the days of Adam that he lived were 930 years, and he died.
So Adam lived a total of 930 years, and {then} he died.
And Seth lived 105 years, then he fathered Enosh.
When Seth was 105 years old, he had {a son named} Enosh.
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Then after he fathered Enosh, Seth lived 807 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Enosh’s birth, Seth lived {another} 807 years. He {also} had {other} sons as well as daughters.
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So all the days of Seth were 912 years, and he died.
So Seth lived a total of 912 years, and {then} he died.
And Enosh lived ninety years, then he fathered Kenan.
When Enosh was ninety years old, he had {a son named} Kenan.
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Then after he fathered Kenan, Enosh lived 815 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Kenan’s birth, Enosh lived {another} 815 years. He {also} had {other} sons as well as daughters.
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So all the days of Enosh were 905 years, and he died.
So Enosh lived a total of 905 years, and {then} he died.
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And Kenan lived seventy years, then he fathered Mahalalel.
When Kenan was seventy years old, he had {a son named} Mahalalel.
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Then after he fathered Mahalalel, Kenan lived 840 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Mahalalel’s birth, Kenan lived {another} 840 years. He {also} had {other} sons as well as daughters.
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So all the days of Kenan were 910 years, and he died.
So Kenan lived a total of 910 years, and {then} he died.
And Mahalalel lived sixty-five years, then he fathered Jared.
When Mahalalel was sixty-five years old, he had {a son named} Jared.
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Then after he fathered Jared, Mahalalel lived 830 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Jared’s birth, Mahalalel lived {another} 830 years. He {also} had {other} sons as well as daughters.
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So all the days of Mahalalel were 895 years, and he died.
So Mahalalel lived a total of 895 years, and {then} he died.
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And Jared lived 162 years, then he fathered Enoch.
When Jared was 162 years old, he had {a son named} Enoch.
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Then after he fathered Enoch, Jared lived 800 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Enoch’s birth, Jared lived {another} 800 years. He {also} had {other} sons as well as daughters.
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So all the days of Jared were 962 years, and he died.
So Jared lived a total of 962 years, and {then} he died.
And Enoch lived sixty-five years, then he fathered Methuselah.
When Enoch was sixty-five years old, he had {a son named} Methuselah.
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Then after he fathered Methuselah, Enoch walked with God 300 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Methuselah’s birth, Enoch lived {in a close relationship} with God for {another} 300 years. He {also} had {other} sons as well as daughters.
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So all the days of Enoch were 365 years.
So Enoch lived a total of 365 years.
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And Enoch walked with God, and {then} he was not {there}, because God took him away.
Then while he was {still} living {in a close relationship} with God, {suddenly} he was no longer {on earth}, because God had taken him away {to be with him}.
And Methuselah lived 187 years, then he fathered Lamech.
When Methuselah was 187 years old, he had {a son named} Lamech.
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Then after he fathered Lamech, Methuselah lived 782 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Lamech’s birth, Methuselah lived {another} 782 years. He {also} had {other} sons as well as daughters.
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So all the days of Methuselah were 969 years, and he died.
So Methuselah lived a total of 969 years, and {then} he died.
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And Lamech lived 182 years, then he fathered a son,
When Lamech was 182 years old, he had a son,
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and he called his name Noah, saying, “This {one} will comfort us from our labors and from the toil of our hands because of the ground which Yahweh has cursed.”
and he named him Noah {which means “rest,”} {because} he said, “This {son} will give us rest from the difficult work that we have to do because Yahweh has cursed the ground.”
Then after he fathered Noah, Lamech lived 595 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Noah’s birth, Lamech lived {another} 595 years. He {also} had {other} sons as well as daughters.
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So all the days of Lamech were 777 years, and he died.
So Lamech lived a total of 777 years, {and} then he died.
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And Noah was a son of 500 years, then Noah fathered Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
After Noah was 500 years old, he had {sons whose names were} Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
And it happened when mankind began to multiply on the surface of the earth and daughters were born to them,
Now it happened that people began to multiply {in number} all over the earth, and they were having daughters.
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then the sons of God saw the daughters of mankind, that they {were} beautiful, so they took wives for themselves from any {of them} that they chose.
{When those girls grew up,} the sons of God saw that they {were} beautiful, so they chose any {of them} that they wanted and married them.
Then Yahweh said, “My Spirit will not strive with mankind forever, because they {are} indeed flesh. Therefore their days will be 120 years.”
Then Yahweh said {to himself}, “My Spirit will not put up with human beings forever, because they {are} very corrupt. I will give them 120 years {to repent}.”
The Nephilim were on the earth in those days and also after that, when the sons of God went to the daughters of mankind, and they bore children for them. They {were} the mighty {ones} who {were} from long ago, the men of renown.
{People called} the Nephilim lived on the earth during that time and also later on. {That happened} when the sons of God had relations with the daughters of human beings, and those women gave birth to children for them. Their children were {the Nephilim, who were} the famous mighty men who lived long ago.
And Yahweh saw that the wickedness of mankind {was} great on the earth, and that every inclination of the thoughts of their hearts {was} only evil all day long.
Yahweh saw that the people on the earth had become very evil, and that everything they thought about and desired {was} completely evil all the time.
So Yahweh was sorry that he had made mankind on the earth, and he was grieved in his heart.
As a result, he regretted that he had made them {to live} on the earth, and he felt very sad.
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Then Yahweh said, “I will wipe away mankind whom I created off the surface of the ground, both mankind and animals, and crawling creatures and the birds of the sky, because I am sorry that I made them.”
So he said {to himself}, “I will completely destroy from the earth {all} the people whom I created. {In fact}, {I will destroy} {not only} {all} the people, but also {all} the animals, including the creatures that crawl {on the ground} and the birds {that fly} in the sky, because I regret that I {ever} made them.”
But Noah found favor in the eyes of Yahweh.
But Yahweh was pleased with Noah.
These {are} the generations of Noah: He {was} a righteous man. He was without blemish in his generation. Noah walked with God.
Here is {more of} the history about Noah and his descendants: Noah {was} a man who did what was right. Out of all the people living at that time, he was the only one {whom God considered} blameless, {and} he lived in a close relationship with God.
And Noah fathered three sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
Eventually Noah had {his} three sons, {whose names were} Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
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Now the earth was corrupt before God, and the earth was filled {with} violence.
Now {the people on} the earth had become wicked according to God’s standards, and all over the earth they were doing violent things.
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And God saw the earth, and behold, it was corrupted, because all flesh on the earth had corrupted its way.
God saw how wicked {everyone on} the earth had become, because all the people on the earth were {continually} behaving in evil ways.
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So God said to Noah, “The end of all flesh has come before me, because the earth is filled {with} violence because of them. So behold, I am destroying them with the earth.
So he said to Noah, “I am going to destroy all people, because all over the earth they are doing violent things. In fact, I am going to destroy them and {everything else on} the earth {too}.
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Make an ark for yourself out of gopher wood. Make the ark {with} rooms, and cover it inside and outside with a covering.
{Therefore} {you must} build a {very} large boat for yourself {and your family} out of the best wood {for building boats}. Build rooms inside the boat, and seal it inside and outside with tar {to keep water out}.
And this {is} how you must make it: the length of the ark {must be} 300 cubits, its width fifty cubits, and its height thirty cubits.
You must make the boat like this: It {must be} 140 meters long, twenty-three meters wide, and fourteen meters high.
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Make a window for the ark and finish it to within one cubit from the top. And put the door of the ark in its side. Make a lower, a second, and a third {deck}.
Make a half-meter high opening between the top of the walls of the ark and its roof {all the way around}, {to let light and air in}. Put a door in the side of the boat, and build three levels {on the inside}.
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And I, behold, I am bringing floodwaters on the earth to destroy all flesh that {has} the breath of life in it from under the heavens. Everything that {is} on the earth will expire!
Listen {carefully} to me: I am going to bring a flood over the {whole} earth, which will destroy all the creatures under the sky that breathe {air}. {As a result,} every {living} thing that {is} on land will die!
But I will establish my covenant with you, so you must go into the ark, you and your sons and your wife and the wives of your sons with you.
But I will make a {special} agreement between me and you, so you must get on board the boat, and {take} your wife, your sons, and your sons’ wives with you.
And from every living {creature}, from all flesh, you must bring two from each {kind} into the ark to keep alive with you. They must be male and female.
You must also take into the boat two of every {kind of} animal, so that they stay alive with you. Each pair must include {one} male and {one} female.
From the birds according to their kinds, and from the animals according to their kinds, from every moving creature of the ground according to its kind, two from every {kind} will come to you to keep alive.
Pairs of every kind of bird and every kind of animal, including every kind of creature that moves on the ground, will come to you so that you keep them alive {in the boat}.
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And you must take with you some of every food that is eaten and store it with you, and it will be food for you and for them.”
You must {also} gather all the different kinds of food that people and animals eat and store it {on the boat} with you, so that there will be {enough} food for you {and your family} and for {all} the animals.”
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And Noah did {that}; according to all that God had commanded him, so he did.
So, {that is what} Noah did; he did everything exactly as God had commanded him {to do}.
Then Yahweh said to Noah, “Go into the ark, you and all your household, because I have seen {that} you {are} righteous before me in this generation.
Then {after they had finished building the boat,} Yahweh commanded Noah, “You and your entire family must go into the boat, because I know {that} you {are} {the only one} among the people living today {who is} living rightly according to my standards.
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From every clean animal take with you seven pairs, a male and its female, and from {every} animal that {is} not clean {take} two, a male and its female,
Take with you seven male and female pairs of every {kind of} pure animal, and {one} male and female pair of {every kind of} impure animal.
also from {every} bird of the sky {take} seven pairs, male and female, to keep {their} offspring alive on the surface of the whole earth,
Also {take} seven male and female pairs of {every kind of} bird {that flies} in the sky, so that {later} their offspring will live all over the earth.
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because in seven more days I will cause it to rain on the earth {for} forty days and forty nights, and I will wipe every living thing that I have made off the surface of the ground.”
{You must do that,} because seven days from today I will make it rain {continuously} {all} over the earth {for} forty days and nights. In that way, I will completely destroy from the earth every living creature that I have made.”
Then Noah did all that Yahweh had commanded him.
Then Noah did everything {exactly} as Yahweh had commanded him {to do}.
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Now Noah {was} a son of 600 years when the floodwaters came on the earth.
Noah was 600 years old when the flood covered the earth.
And Noah and his sons and his wife and the wives of his sons went with him into the ark from the presence of the waters of the flood.
{That is when} he and his wife, and his sons and their wives went together into the boat so that they would not die in the flood.
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{Pairs} from the clean animal{s} and from the animal{s} that are not clean and from the bird{s} and everything that moves on the ground
{Also,} {every kind of} pure animal and {every kind of} impure animal and {every kind of} bird, {including} every {kind of creature} that lives on land,
went two {by} two to Noah into the ark, male and female, just as God had commanded Noah.
came in pairs to Noah {and went} into the boat. {They were} male and female {pairs}, which was exactly what God had commanded him {to take along}.
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And it happened, after the seven days, then the waters of the flood came on the earth.
So it happened {that} when the seven days {that God had spoken about} had passed, water started to flood the earth.
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In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on that day all the fountains of the great deep burst open, and the windows of the heavens were opened,
When Noah was 600 years old, on the seventeenth day of the second month {of the year}, on that {very} day all the springs in the deep ocean started pouring out water. {God also caused} the water in the sky to start pouring down, as if he had opened {huge} floodgates {in the sky},
so that the rain fell on the earth forty days and forty nights.
so that it rained {continuously} {all} over the earth {for} forty days and nights.
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On that same day Noah and Shem and Ham and Japheth, the sons of Noah, and the wife of Noah and the three wives of his sons with them, went into the ark,
{So it was that} on the same day {that the flood started}, Noah and his sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth, along with his wife and his sons’ three wives {all} entered the boat.
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they and every living thing according to its kind, and every livestock according to its kind, and every moving creature moving on the earth according to its kind, and every bird according to its kind, every bird of every wing.
They had with them every kind of living creature, including every kind of livestock and every {other} kind of creature that lives on the land, and every kind of bird {and} everything {else} that flies.
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So they went to Noah into the ark, two {by} two from all flesh which {has} in it the breath of life.
Pairs of every {kind of} living thing that breathes {air} came to Noah {and went} into the boat.
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And those that went in {were} male and female from all flesh; they went in just as God had commanded him. Then Yahweh shut him in.
The animals that went into {the boat} {were} male and female {pairs} from every {kind of} living thing, which was exactly what God had commanded Noah {to take along}. Then {after they were all inside,} Yahweh closed the door {of the boat} behind them.
Then the flood came on the earth {for} forty days, and the waters increased and lifted the ark so that it rose up off the earth.
{For} forty days {and forty nights} the flood kept getting deeper and deeper {all} over the earth, and as the water rose, it lifted up the boat so that it floated {on the water} above the ground.
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And the waters rose and increased greatly on the earth, and the ark went on the surface of the waters.
So the floodwaters continued to rise and get much deeper {all} over the earth, while the boat floated {safely} on the water.
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And the waters rose very greatly on the earth, so that all the high mountains that {were} under the entire heavens were covered.
Eventually the water became so deep on the earth that {even} all the highest mountains everywhere under the sky were under water.
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The waters rose fifteen cubits above {them}, so that the mountains were covered.
{In fact,} the water rose {at least} seven meters above {the tops of} the {highest} mountains, so that they were {completely} under water.
Then all flesh that moved on the earth expired, including the birds and the livestock and the living things and all the swarming things swarming on the earth, and all mankind.
Then all the creatures that lived on land died. {That} included {all} the birds, the livestock, and the {other} living creatures, including every {kind of} creature that lived in large groups on the earth, as well as all the people.
Everything that {had} the breath of the spirit of life in its nostrils, everything that {lived} on dry land, died.
Every living creature that breathed air and {lived} on dry land died.
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So he wiped away every living thing that {was} on the surface of the ground, including mankind and livestock and crawling creatures and also the birds of the sky. So they were wiped off the earth, and only Noah was left and {those} who {were} with him in the ark.
That is how Yahweh completely destroyed all the living creatures that {were} on the earth, including {all} people and livestock and {all the other} creatures that lived {on the land} and also the birds {that flew} in the sky. Yes, he completely destroyed everything {that lived} on the earth, so that the only ones who were still alive were Noah and his family and the animals that were with them in the boat.
And the waters prevailed over the earth {for} 150 days.
{Deep} water continued to cover the {entire} world {for} 150 days.
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But God remembered Noah and all the living thing{s} and all the livestock that {were} with him in the ark, and God caused a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters subsided.
But God never forgot Noah {and his family} and all the animals, both wild and tame, that {were} with them in the boat. So he caused a wind to blow over {the water that was covering} the earth, so that the water {started to} go down.
And the fountains of the deep and the windows of the heavens were closed, and the rain from the heavens was stopped.
{He also caused} the springs in the deep {ocean} to stop {gushing out water}, and {he caused} the water to stop pouring from the sky, so that it stopped raining.
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Then the waters receded steadily from the earth, and {at} the end of the 150 days the waters had decreased,
Then the water steadily went down from {the surface of} the land. After the 150 days {had passed}, the water had gone down
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so that in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, the ark rested on the mountains of Ararat.
so {much} that on the seventeenth day of the seventh month {of the year}, the boat came to rest on {one of} the mountains in the Ararat {mountain range}.
And the waters continued to decrease until the tenth month. In the tenth month, on the first of the month, the tops of the mountains could be seen.
The floodwaters continued to go down until on the first {day} of the tenth month {of the year}, the peaks of the {surrounding} mountains became visible {above the water}.
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Then it happened {at} the end of forty days that Noah opened the window of the ark that he had made,
After forty {more} days {had passed}, Noah opened a window in the boat that he had made,
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and he sent out the raven, and it kept flying out and returning until the waters dried up from the earth.
and he released a raven, which kept flying back and forth until the water had dried up {more} from the land.
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Then he sent out the dove from him to see if the waters had subsided from the surface of the ground.
Meanwhile Noah {also} released a dove from the boat to find out if the water had gone down from the land.
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But the dove did not find a resting place for the sole of its foot, so it returned to him in the ark, for the waters {were} over the face of all of the earth. And he reached out his hand and took it and brought it to him into the ark.
But water was {still} covering the entire earth, so the dove did not find anywhere to land and rest. Then it returned to Noah in the boat, and Noah reached out, caught it, and brought it {back} into the boat.
Then he waited another seven days and again sent out the dove from the ark.
Noah waited seven more days, then he released the dove from the boat again.
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Then the dove returned to him at evening time, and behold, {there was} a freshly picked olive leaf in its mouth. So Noah knew that the waters had subsided from the earth.
That evening the dove returned to him, and he saw that {it had} a fresh green olive {tree} leaf in its beak! That is how Noah realized that the water had gone down {further} from the land.
Then he waited another seven days, and he sent out the dove, but it did not return to him again.
Then he waited seven more days and he released the dove {again}, but {this time} it did not come back to him again.
So it happened in the six hundred and first year, in the first {month}, on the first {day} of the month, the waters were drying up from the earth. Then Noah removed the covering of the ark and looked, and behold, the surface of the ground was drying.
So it was, when {Noah was} 601 years old, on the first {day} of the first month {of the year}, the water had {almost} dried up from the land. So Noah took off {part of} the roof of the boat and looked {around}, and he saw that {much of} the land’s surface was {almost} dry.
Then in the second month, on the twenty-seventh day of the month, the earth was dry.
Then by the twenty-seventh day of the second month {of the year}, the land had dried off.
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Then God said to Noah, saying,
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“Go out of the ark, you and your wife and your sons and the wives of your sons with you.
“Come out of the boat, together with your wife, your sons, and your sons’ wives.
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Bring out with you every living thing that {is} with you, all flesh, including the birds and the livestock and every creeper creeping on the earth, so that they will abound on the earth and be fruitful and multiply over the earth.”
Bring out all the animals that {are} with you, all of them, including the birds, tame animals, and every {other} animal that moves on land. Then they can live all over the earth; {yes,} they will have many young and increase {in number} {all} over the earth.”
Then Noah went out, and his sons and his wife and the wives of his sons with him.
So Noah came out {of the boat}, along with his wife and his sons and their wives.
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Every living thing, every crawling thing and every bird, everything moving on the earth, went out of the ark by their families.
All the animals, {including} all the animals that crawl and all the birds {and} everything {else} that lives on land, {also} came out of the boat in groups of their own kind.
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Then Noah built an altar to Yahweh, and he took from every clean animal and from every clean bird, and he offered burnt offerings on the altar.
Then Noah made an altar {out of large stones} {to offer sacrifices} to Yahweh. Next he chose {some} of every {kind of} animal and bird that is acceptable to sacrifice, and he {killed them and} burned {their bodies} on the altar as an offering {to Yahweh} {to worship him}.
And Yahweh smelled the pleasant aroma, and Yahweh said in his heart, “Never again will I curse the ground because of mankind, though the inclination of mankind’s hearts {is} evil from their youth. And never again will I strike every living {thing} as I have done.
Yahweh smelled the aroma {of the offerings} and was pleased, and he thought to himself, “Never again will I curse the ground because of mankind{’s sins}, {even} though everything they desire and think about {is} evil from the time they are children. And never again will I destroy all living {creatures} the way I {just} did.
While all of the days of the earth continue, seed time and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease.”
As long as the earth {still} exists, {each year} there will always be a season to plant seeds and a season to harvest {crops}, as well as cold weather and hot weather, summer and winter, and day and night.”
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Then God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth.
Then God caused Noah and his sons to prosper by saying to them, “Have many children so that you {and your descendants} will become numerous and live all over the earth.
And the fear of you and the dread of you will be on every living thing of the earth, including on every bird of the sky, on everything that moves on the ground, and on all the fish of the sea. Into your hand they are given.
Every living creature on the earth will be afraid and terrified of you, including every bird {that flies} in the sky, {along} with every creature that moves on land, and all the fish in the ocean. I have put them {all} under your authority.
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Every moving creature that lives will be for you for food. Just as the green plants, I give you everything.
{From now on} every creature that is alive and moves is yours {to eat} as food. In the same way that {I provided you} green plants {for food}, {now} I provide you everything {for food}.
But you must not eat flesh with its life, {that is,} its blood.
However, you must never eat meat that still has its blood {in it}, which made it live.
And surely I will demand your blood for your lives. From the hand of every living thing I will demand it, and from the hand of mankind; from the hand of a man {who kills} his brother, I will demand the life of the man.
Also, I definitely require that anyone who murders someone must die. {In fact,} if any animal {kills a human being}, I require that it must die. {That is also true} for human beings: If anyone {murders} another person, I require that he must die.
The one shedding the blood of a man, by mankind his blood must be shed, because in the image of God he made mankind.
{That’s right,} you must put to death anyone who murders a human being, because God made human beings to be like himself.
“And you, be fruitful and multiply. Abound on the earth and multiply on it.”
“Now {as for} you, have many children so that you {and your descendants} will become numerous. Spread out all over the earth and become numerous everywhere.”
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Then God said to Noah and to his sons with him, saying,
Then God said to Noah and his sons,
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“And I, behold, I am establishing my covenant with you and with your offspring after you,
“Listen {carefully} to me: I am making my agreement with you and your descendants.
and with every living creature that {is} with you: with the birds, with the livestock, and with every living thing of the earth with you, from all that came out of the ark to every living thing of the earth.
{It is} also with all the living creatures that {are} with you, including the birds, the livestock, and all the {other} living creatures on the earth {that are} with you. {That includes} all {those} that came out of the ark and all the living creatures {that will ever live} on the earth.
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And I am establishing my covenant with you that never again will all flesh be cut off by the waters of a flood, and never again will there be a flood to destroy the earth.”
My agreement that I’m establishing with you is that never again will all living things die from a flood. “That’s right, never again will {I use} a flood to destroy {everything on} the earth.”
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Then God said, “This {is} the sign of the covenant that I am making between me and you and every living creature that {is} with you, for generations forever:
Then God continued, “This {is} how I will show {everyone} that I have made this agreement with you and with all the living creatures that {are} with you, as well as with all the people and animals that will ever live:
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I have set my rainbow in the clouds, and it will be the sign of the covenant between me and the earth.
I will put my rainbow among the clouds {in the sky} to remind {everyone} that I have made this agreement with {every creature that lives on} the earth.
And it will be when I bring clouds over the earth and the rainbow is seen in the clouds,
So whenever I cause clouds to form {in the sky} above the earth and a rainbow appears in the clouds,
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then I will remember my covenant that {is} between me and you and every living creature of all flesh, and never again will waters become a flood to destroy all flesh.
then I will not forget {to keep} my agreement that I have established with you and all living creatures of every kind. {I promise} that I will never again use a flood to destroy all living creatures.
So the rainbow will be in the clouds, and I will see it to remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature, with all flesh that {is} on the earth.”
Yes, whenever a rainbow appears in the clouds, I will see it and keep {my} permanent agreement which I have established with all people and all animals that {live} on the earth.”
Then God said to Noah, “That {is} the sign of the covenant that I have established between me and all flesh that {is} on the earth.”
Then God {concluded} by saying to Noah, “A rainbow {is} what I will use to remind {everyone} that I have made this agreement with all the people and animals that {live} on the earth.”
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And the sons of Noah who came out of the ark were Shem and Ham and Japheth; and Ham, he {was} the father of Canaan.
Noah’s sons who came out of the boat {after the flood} were Shem, Ham, and Japheth; it was Ham who {was} Canaan’s father.
Those three {were} the sons of Noah, and from them the whole earth was overspread.
It was the descendants of Noah’s three sons who populated the entire earth {again}.
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Now Noah, a man of the soil, began and planted a vineyard.
After a while, Noah, who was a farmer, planted {some} grape vines {and made wine from the grapes}.
Then he drank some of the wine, and he became drunk, and he uncovered himself inside his tent.
Then {one day} he drank {too much of} the wine, so that he became drunk and was {lying} naked inside his tent.
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Then Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father, and he told his two brothers outside.
Ham, {who was} Canaan’s father, saw that his father was naked, and he went outside and told his two brothers {about it}.
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But Shem and Japheth took a garment, and laid it across the shoulders of the two of them and walked backward and covered the nakedness of their father. And their faces were turned away, so that they did not see the nakedness of their father.
However, Shem and Japheth took a robe, and held it {between them} at shoulder level and walked backward {into the tent} and covered their father’s naked body {with it}. {As they did that,} they kept their faces turned away {from him} so that they would not see him naked.
Then Noah woke up from his wine, and he learned what his youngest son had done to him,
Later Noah woke up from being drunk, and he found out that his youngest son {Ham} had dishonored him.
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and he said, “Cursed be Canaan! He will be a slave of slaves for his brothers.”
So he exclaimed {about him}, “I {ask God to} curse {Ham’s son} Canaan! Canaan will be the lowest servant for his relatives.”
Then he said, “Praised be Yahweh, the God of Shem! And may Canaan be a slave for him.
Then Noah said, “Praise Yahweh, {who is} the God {who takes care} of Shem! May God cause Canaan to be Shem’s servant.
May God enlarge Japheth, and may he live in the tents of Shem. And may Canaan be a slave for him.”
I {also} ask God to give Japheth much {land} and enable him to live together {in peace} with Shem. May God {also} cause Canaan to be Japheth’s servant.”
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And after the flood, Noah lived 350 years.
From {the time that} the flood {began}, Noah lived {another} 350 years,
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So all the days of Noah were 950 years, and he died.
so that he lived a total of 950 years before he died.
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Now these {are} the generations of the sons of Noah: Shem, Ham, and Japheth, and sons were born to them after the flood.
This is the record of {the names of} Noah’s sons Shem, Ham, and Japheth, and the descendants they had after the flood {was over}.
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The sons of Japheth {were} Gomer and Magog and Madai and Javan and Tubal and Meshech and Tiras.
Japheth’s sons {were} Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.
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And the sons of Gomer {were} Ashkenaz and Riphath and Togarmah.
Gomer’s sons {were} Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.
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And the sons of Javan {were} Elishah and Tarshish, the Kittim and the Dodanim.
Javan’s sons {were} Elishah and Tarshish, {and he was the ancestor of} the Kittites and the Dodanites.
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From those the coastland peoples spread out into their lands, each with its own language, according to their clans, in their nations.
From Japheth’s {descendants} came the people groups who lived {in regions} near the sea. They moved to different places {and settled} in their {own} territories, and each {group} spoke its own language. They each had their {own} families, which {grew and} became their own people groups.
And the sons of Ham {were} Cush and Mizraim and Put and Canaan.
Ham’s sons {were} Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.
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And the sons of Cush {were} Seba and Havilah and Sabtah and Raamah and Sabteca. And the sons of Raamah {were} Sheba and Dedan.
Cush’s sons {were} Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabtecah. And Raamah’s sons {were} Sheba and Dedan.
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Cush also fathered Nimrod, who began to be mighty on the earth.
Cush {also} had {a son named} Nimrod, who was the first {person} on earth to be a powerful {ruler}.
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He was a mighty hunter before Yahweh. For that reason it is said, “Like Nimrod, a mighty hunter before Yahweh.”
He was {also} a great hunter whom Yahweh blessed. That is why people say {about other great men}, “{That man is} like Nimrod, a great hunter whom Yahweh blessed.”
And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel and Erech and Akkad and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.
Nimrod started ruling as king {over} {the cities of} Babel, Erech, Akkad, and Calneh, {which were} {all} {located} in the region of Shinar.
From that land he went to Asshur, and he built Nineveh and Rehoboth-Ir and Calah
From the land of Shinar he went to {the region of} Assyria, where he built {the cities of} Nineveh, Rehoboth-Ir, Calah,
and Resen, between Nineveh and Calah, which {is} the great city.
and Resen, {which is located} between {the cities of} Nineveh and the great city of Calah.
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And Mizraim fathered the Ludim and the Anamim and the Lehabim and the Naphtuhim
Mizraim was the ancestor of the Ludites, Anamites, Lehabites, Naphtuhites,
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and the Pathrusim and the Casluhim (whom the Philistim came from) and the Caphtorim.
Pathrusites, Casluhites, and Caphtorites. The Philistines descended from the Casluhites.
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And Canaan fathered Sidon his firstborn, then Heth
Canaan had Sidon {who was} his firstborn {son}. {He was} also {the ancestor of} the Hittites,
and the Jebusites and the Amorites and the Girgashites
Jebusites, Amorites, Girgashites,
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and the Hivites and the Arkites and the Sinites
Hivites, Arkites, Sinites,
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and the Arvadites and the Zemarites and the Hamathites. And afterward the clans of the Canaanites scattered,
Arvadites, Zemarites, and Hamathites. Later, those families {that descended} from Canaan spread out,
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so the border{s} of the Canaanites were from Sidon, {then} you go toward Gerar as far as Gaza, {then} you go to Sodom and Gomorrah and Admah and Zeboiim, as far as Lasha.
so that the territory where they lived reached from {the city of} Sidon {in the north}, all the way {south} toward {the city of} Gerar to {the city of} Gaza, {then} as far {east} as {the cities of} Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim, all the way to {the city of} Lasha.
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Those {are} the sons of Ham according to their clans, according to their languages, in their lands, in their nations.
Those {people} {were} Ham’s descendants and each one had his own family. Each family {grew and} became its own people group that spoke its own language and lived in its own territory.
And sons were also born to Shem; he {was} the father of all the sons of Eber and the brother of Japheth the elder.
Shem also had {some} sons. He {was} the ancestor of all the descendants of Eber, and his older brother was Japheth.
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The sons of Shem {were} Elam and Asshur and Arpachshad and Lud and Aram.
Shem’s sons {were} Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram.
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And the sons of Aram {were} Uz and Hul and Gether and Mash.
Aram’s sons {were} Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.
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And Arpachshad fathered Shelah, then Shelah fathered Eber.
Arpachshad had {a son named} Shelah, then Shelah had {a son named} Eber.
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Then two sons were born to Eber. The name of the one {was} Peleg, because in his days the earth was divided. And the name of his brother {was} Joktan.
Then Eber had two sons. The name of the first {one} {was} Peleg, {which means “division,”} because during his lifetime {the people on} the earth divided {into separate groups} {and spread out everywhere}. Peleg’s {younger} brother’s name {was} Joktan.
And Joktan fathered Almodad and Sheleph and Hazarmaveth and Jerah
Joktan had {sons named} Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah,
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and Hadoram and Uzal and Diklah
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and Obal and Abimael and Sheba
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and Ophir and Havilah and Jobab. All those {were} the sons of Joktan.
Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. Those {were} all Joktan’s sons.
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And their dwelling was from Mesha, {then} you go to Sephar, the mountain{s} of the east.
The region where they {and their descendants} lived reached from {the city of} Mesha {in the west} all the way to {the city of} Sephar, {which is in} the hill country in the east.
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Those {are} the sons of Shem according to their clans, according to their languages, in their lands, according to their nations.
Those {people} {are} Shem’s descendants and each one had his own family. Each family {grew and} became its own people group that spoke its own language and lived in its own territory.
Those {are} the clans of the sons of Noah, according to their generations, in their nations. And from those the nations spread out on the earth after the flood.
{All} those family groups descended from Noah’s sons. Each family group had its own descendants and became its own people group. In fact, after the flood {all} the people groups on the earth descended from them and spread out everywhere.
Now the whole earth had one language and the same words.
Now {at first,} all {the people on} the earth spoke the same language, so that everyone understood each other.
And it happened as they migrated from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar and settled there.
As time passed, they moved from the eastern {regions} and {eventually} came to a wide, flat valley in the region of Shinar and stayed there.
Then they said to each other, “Come, let us make bricks and bake them with fire.” And they had bricks for stones, and they had tar for mortar.
Then they urged each other, “Come on, let us {work together and} make bricks {from clay} and put them in fire to make them hard.” They used bricks {to build with} instead of stone, and they used tar {between the bricks} instead of mortar.
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Then they said, “Come, let us build a city for ourselves and a tower with its top in the heavens, and let us make a name for ourselves, so that we are not scattered over the face of the whole earth.”
Then they urged {each other}, “Come on, we should {work together and} build a city for us {to live in} that has a {very} tall building that reaches high into the sky. {That way} we will become famous, and we will not separate from each other {and live} all over the earth.”
Then Yahweh came down to see the city and the tower that the sons of mankind had built.
But {one day} Yahweh came down {from heaven} and looked at the city and the {very} tall building that the people were building.
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And Yahweh said, “Behold, {they are} one people, and they all have one language. So this {is} what they have begun to do, and now everything that they plan to do will not be impossible for them.
Then he said, “Look, they are one people {group}, and they all speak the same language. This {is} {only} the beginning of what they can do {together}. Soon they will be able to do anything they plan to do.
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Come, let us go down and there confuse their language, so that they will not understand each other’s language.”
{So} we must go down there {now} and mix up their language so that they are not able to understand what they say to each other.”
Then Yahweh scattered them from there over the face of the whole earth, and they stopped building the city.
In that way, Yahweh caused the people to leave from there and live in different places all over the world, so that they had to stop building the city {and the tall building}.
For that {reason} they called its name Babel, because there Yahweh confused the language of the whole earth, and from there Yahweh scattered them over the face of the whole earth.
That is why the name of the city is Babel, {which means “mixed up,”} because that is where Yahweh mixed up the language that everyone on the earth shared, and {in that way} he made them spread out from there all over the earth.
These {are} the generations of Shem:
Shem {was} the son of 100 years, then he fathered Arpachshad two years after the flood.
This is the record of Shem’s descendants: Two years after the flood {began}, when Shem was 100 years old, he had {a son named} Arpachshad.
Then after he fathered Arpachshad, Shem lived 500 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Arpachshad was born, Shem lived {another} 500 years. He {also} had {other} sons, as well as daughters.
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And Arpachshad lived thirty-five years, then he fathered Shelah.
When Arpachshad was thirty-five years old, he had {a son named} Shelah.
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Then after he fathered Shelah, Arpachshad lived 403 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Shelah was born, Arpachshad lived {another} 403 years. He {also} had {other} sons, as well as daughters.
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And Shelah lived thirty years, then he fathered Eber.
When Shelah was thirty years old, he had {a son named} Eber.
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Then after he fathered Eber, Shelah lived 403 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Eber was born, Shelah lived {another} 403 years. He {also} had {other} sons, as well as daughters.
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And Eber lived thirty-four years, then he fathered Peleg.
When Eber was thirty-four years old, he had {a son named} Peleg.
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Then after he fathered Peleg, Eber lived 430 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Peleg was born, Eber lived {another} 430 years. He {also} had {other} sons, as well as daughters.
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And Peleg lived thirty years, then he fathered Reu.
When Peleg was thirty years old, he had {a son named} Reu.
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Then after he fathered Reu, Peleg lived 209 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Reu was born, Peleg lived {another} 209 years. He {also} had {other} sons, as well as daughters.
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And Reu lived thirty-two years, then he fathered Serug.
When Reu was thirty-two years old, he had {a son named} Serug.
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Then after he fathered Serug, Reu lived 207 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Serug was born, Reu lived {another} 207 years. He {also} had {other} sons, as well as daughters.
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And Serug lived thirty years, then he fathered Nahor.
When Serug was thirty years old, he had {a son named} Nahor.
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Then after he fathered Nahor, Serug lived 200 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Nahor was born, Serug lived {another} 200 years. He {also} had {other} sons, as well as daughters.
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And Nahor lived twenty-nine years, then he fathered Terah.
When Nahor was twenty-nine years old, he had {a son named} Terah.
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Then after he fathered Terah, Nahor lived 119 years, and he fathered {other} sons and daughters.
After Terah was born, Nahor lived {another} 119 years. He {also} had {other} sons, as well as daughters.
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And Terah lived seventy years, then he fathered Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
After Terah was seventy years old, he had {sons whose names were} Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
Now these {are} the generations of Terah: Terah fathered Abram, Nahor, and Haran; and Haran fathered Lot.
Here is the history about Terah and his descendants: Terah’s sons were Abram, Nahor, and Haran. Haran had a son {whose name was} Lot.
And Haran died in the presence of Terah his father, in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldeans.
While his father was still alive, Haran died in the land where he was born, in {the city of} Ur where the Chaldean people lived.
And Abram and Nahor took wives for themselves. The name of Abram’s wife {was} Sarai, and the name of Nahor’s wife {was} Milcah, the daughter of Haran, the father of Milcah and the father of Iscah.
Meanwhile Abram and Nahor each married a wife. Abram’s wife was named Sarai, and Nahor’s wife was Milcah. Milcah and {her sister} Iscah were the daughters of {Nahor’s brother} Haran.
But Sarai was barren; she did not have a child.
But Sarai was not able to become pregnant, {so} she did not have any children.
Then Terah took Abram his son, and Lot, Haran’s son, his son’s son, and Sarai his daughter-in-law, the wife of his son Abram, and they went out together from Ur of the Chaldeans to go to the land of Canaan. But they came to Haran, and they settled there.
Then {one day,} Terah gathered his son Abram and his grandson Lot, {who was} Haran’s son, and his daughter-in-law Sarai, who was Abram’s wife, and they {all} left from {the city of} Ur where the Chaldean people lived to travel to the region of Canaan. But when they arrived at {the city of} Haran, they decided to live there {instead}.
And the days of Terah were 205 years, then Terah died in Haran.
Then {many years later,} when Terah was 205 years old, he died {there} in {the city of} Haran.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Yahweh said to Abram, “You yourself must go from your land and from your relatives and from the house of your father, to the land that I will show you.
{One day} Yahweh commanded Abram, “You must move away from your homeland and your relatives, including your father’s family, {and move} to the land that I will guide you to.
And I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you, and I will make your name great, and you shall be a blessing.
I will make you {and your descendants} become an important people group, and I will cause you {all} to prosper. I will make you well-known, and you {and your descendants} will bless {many people}.
And I will bless those who bless you, but whoever curses you I will curse. And in you all the families of the earth will be blessed.”
I will bless everyone who blesses you, but I will curse anyone who curses you. I will use you {and your descendants} to bless all the people on the earth.”
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Then Abram went, just as Yahweh had told him, and Lot went with him. And Abram was the son of seventy-five years when he departed from Haran.
So Abram left {the city of Haran} exactly as Yahweh had commanded him {to do}, and {his nephew} Lot went with him. Abram was seventy-five years old when he left from there.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Abram took Sarai his wife and Lot the son of his brother and all their possessions that they had accumulated and the people whom they had acquired in Haran, and they set out to go to the land of Canaan. Then they came to the land of Canaan.
He took {with him} his wife Sarai and his nephew Lot and everything that they owned, including servants {and everything else} they had acquired in {the city of} Haran, and they {all} started traveling to the region of Canaan. When they arrived there,
Then Abram passed through the land as far as the place of Shechem, to the terebinth tree of Moreh. And the Canaanites {were} in the land at that time.
they traveled through that region as far as the city of Shechem, to Moreh’s oak tree. At that time the Canaanites were {still living} in that land,
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Then Yahweh appeared to Abram and said, “To your offspring I will give this land.” So he built an altar there to Yahweh, who had appeared to him.
but Yahweh came to Abram and said {to him}, “I will give this land to your descendants.” So Abram built an altar {out of large stones} in that place {and burned sacrifices on it} to worship Yahweh, because Yahweh had appeared to him {there}.
Then from there he went on to the mountains to the east of Bethel and pitched his tents, {with} Bethel on the west and Ai on the east. And there he built an altar to Yahweh, and he called on the name of Yahweh.
From {the city of} Shechem, Abram {and his family} moved {south} to the hill country that was east of {the town of} Bethel. They set up their tents between Bethel to the west and {the town of} Ai to the east. There Abram built another altar {and burned sacrifices on it} to worship Yahweh, and he addressed Yahweh by {his} name as he worshiped him.
Then Abram set out and continued to travel toward the Negev.
Then Abram {and his family} moved from place to place {southward} until they reached the Negev {Desert}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then there was a famine in the land, so Abram went down to Egypt to sojourn there because the famine {was} heavy in the land.
Now there was a serious food shortage in that region. It was so severe that Abram {and his family} {left there and} went down to {the country of} Egypt to live for a while.
And it happened that as he was about to enter Egypt, then he said to Sarai his wife, “Behold please, I know that you {are} a woman beautiful in appearance.
Just before they arrived in Egypt, Abram said to his wife Sarai, “Please listen {to me}: you {are} a very beautiful woman.
So it will happen when the Egyptians see you, then they will say, ‘This {is} his wife,’ and they will kill me but let you live.
When the people in Egypt see you {with me}, they will say that you are my wife. Then they will kill me and let you live {so that they can take you}.
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Please say {that} you {are} my sister so that it will go well for me for your sake and my life will live because of you.”
{So} please tell people {that} you {are} my sister so that they will treat me well because of you and let me live.”
Then it happened, when Abram came into Egypt, then the Egyptians saw the woman, that she {was} very beautiful.
That is {exactly} what happened: When Abram {and his family} arrived in {the country of} Egypt, the people there noticed that Sarai was {truly} very beautiful.
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And the officials of Pharaoh saw her, so they praised her to Pharaoh, and the woman was taken into Pharaoh’s house.
When some officers under Pharaoh {the king of Egypt} noticed her, they highly recommended her to him. So he had them bring her to his palace {to be one of his wives}.
Then he treated Abram well for her sake, so that he had flock{s} and herd{s} and male donkeys and male slaves and female slaves and female donkeys and camels.
The king thought that Abram was Sarai’s brother, so he treated him well. He gave him many sheep and cattle, as well as men and women servants, male and female donkeys, and camels.
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But Yahweh struck Pharaoh and his house {with} great plagues on account of Sarai the wife of Abram.
But since {King} Pharaoh had taken Abram’s wife Sarai, Yahweh afflicted the king and his family {with} severe illnesses.
So Pharaoh called for Abram and said, “What {is} this you have done to me? Why did you not tell me that she {was} your wife?
So the king summoned Abram {before him} and said {to him}, “You have treated me very badly! You should have told me that Sarai {is} your wife!
Why did you say, ‘She {is} my sister,’ so that I took her to me as a wife? Now then, behold, your wife. Take {her} and go!”
You should not have said that she {is} your sister, so that I ended up taking her to be my wife! So now, here is your wife. Take {her} and leave {my country}!”
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Then Pharaoh commanded his men concerning him, and they sent him away and his wife and everything that {belonged} to him.
Then {King} Pharaoh ordered {some of} his soldiers to make sure that Abram left, so they forced him to leave {the country}, along with his wife and everything that he owned.
Then Abram went up from Egypt, he and his wife and everything that {belonged} to him, and Lot with him, to the Negev.
So Abram left {the country of} Egypt {and traveled} {back} to the Negev {Desert}. {He took} with him his wife and everything that they owned, and also {his nephew} Lot.
And Abram {was} very wealthy in livestock, in silver, and in gold.
{By that time} Abram {had become} very rich, so that he owned {many} livestock and {much} silver and gold.
Then he went on his journeys from the Negev as far as Bethel, to the place where his tents had been at the beginning, between Bethel and Ai,
From the Negev {Desert} he {and his family} traveled from place to place {northward} {until they came} to {the town of} Bethel, to the place where he had lived in tents before, between {the towns of} Bethel and Ai.
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to the place of the altar that he had made there at first, and there Abram called on the name of Yahweh.
{That was} the {same} place where he had previously built an altar. There {again} he {sacrificed animals on the altar and} worshiped Yahweh by name.
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Now Lot, who was traveling with Abram, also had flock{s} and herd{s} and tents.
Lot was traveling with {his uncle} Abram, and he {and his family} also owned many sheep and cattle, as well as {many} tents.
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But the land could not support them while they stayed together, because their possessions were great, so that they were not able to stay together.
In fact, there was not enough land to have enough food and water for both families {and their animals} if they lived in the same area. They each owned so many servants and animals that it was not possible for them to {all} live near each other.
Then there was strife between the herdsmen of Abram’s livestock and the herdsmen of Lot’s livestock. And the Canaanites and the Perizzites were living in the land then.
As a result, the men who took care of Abram’s livestock and the men who took care of Lot’s livestock started to argue with each other. Besides that, the Canaanites and the Perizzites were {also} living in that land at that time.
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So Abram said to Lot, “Please do not let there be strife between me and you, or between my herdsmen and your herdsmen, because we {are} men, brothers.
Finally {one day} Abram said to Lot, “Please, since we {are} close relatives, we need to do something so that you and I and our herdsmen will not argue.
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Is not the whole land before you? Please separate from me. If {you go to} the left, then I will go right, or if {you go to} the right, then I will go left.”
Look, the entire land is available to you {to choose from}. Please {choose where you want to live, and} let’s live in separate places. If {you choose} {the land to} the left {of here}, then I will take {the land to} the right. Or if {you choose} {the land to} the right {of here}, then I will take {the land to} the left.”
Then Lot lifted his eyes and saw all the plain of the Jordan as you go {toward} Zoar, that all of it {was} well-watered, like Yahweh’s garden, like the land of Egypt, before Yahweh destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah.
Lot looked {all} around and he noticed that the entire Jordan {River} Valley, all the way to {the town of} Zoar, had plenty of water. {It was lush and green} like the garden that Yahweh had planted or like the country of Egypt. {That is what it was like} before Yahweh destroyed {the cities of} Sodom and Gomorrah, {which were also in that valley}.
So Lot chose for himself all the plain of the Jordan, and Lot traveled to the east, and they separated from each other.
So Lot chose the entire Jordan {River} Valley for himself. Then he {left Abram and} moved to the east {to live there}. After that, Abram and Lot lived in separate places.
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Abram settled in the land of Canaan, and Lot settled in the cities of the plain and moved his tents as far as Sodom.
Abram stayed {where he was} in the region of Canaan, while Lot lived {in another part of the region} among the cities in the {Jordan River} valley and {eventually} moved his tents to {the city of} Sodom {and stayed there}.
Now the men of Sodom {were} exceedingly wicked and sinful against Yahweh.
But the people {who lived} in {the city of} Sodom {were} extremely wicked and were {always} sinning against Yahweh.
Then Yahweh said to Abram, after Lot had separated from him, “Lift up your eyes please from the place where you {are}, and look northward and southward and eastward and westward,
After Lot had left Abram, Yahweh said to Abram, “Look {all} around you from the place where you {live}. Look north, south, east, and west.
because all the land that you see I will give to you and to your offspring forever.
All the land that you see I will give to you and your descendants {to own} forever.
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And I will make your offspring like the dust of the earth, which if anyone were able to count the dust of the earth, your offspring could also be counted.
In fact, I will give you so many descendants that they will be as {numerous as} the {specks of} dust on the earth. No one will be able to count how many descendants you have, just as no one can count how many {specks of} dust there are.
Get up and walk through the land, through its length and through its width, because to you I am giving it.”
{So now,} start walking through the land {in all directions}. Go throughout the entire land {and look it over}, because I am giving it {all} to you.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So Abram moved his tents and went and settled by the terebinth trees of Mamre that {were} near Hebron, and there he built an altar to Yahweh.
Then Abram {obeyed Yahweh and} moved his tents and settled near the oak trees {on the land} owned by {a man named} Mamre, near {the city of} Hebron. There he built an altar {out of stones} {and burned sacrifices on it} to {thank and} worship Yahweh.
Now it happened in the days of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of the Goiim,
During that time Amraphel was the king over {the land of} Shinar, Arioch was the king over Ellasar, Chedorlaomer was the king over {the land of} Elam, and Tidal was the king over the Goiim {people}.
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they made war against Bera king of Sodom, and against Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab king of Admah, and Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela, which {is} Zoar.
Those {four} kings {joined forces and} went to war against {five other kings, including} Bera {who was} the king over {the city of} Sodom, Birsha {who was} the king over {the city of} Gomorrah, Shinab {who was} the king over {the city of} Admah, Shemeber {who was} the king over {the city of} Zeboyim, and the king over {the town of} Bela, which {is also called} Zoar.
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All these joined together in the Valley of Siddim, which {is now} the Sea of Salt.
Those {five kings} all united their armies {as allies} {and fought against the four kings} in the Siddim Valley, where the Salt Sea {is now}.
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{For} twelve years they had served Chedorlaomer, but the thirteenth year they rebelled.
{For} twelve years the five kings had paid tribute to {King} Chedorlaomer, but in the thirteenth year they started to rebel {against him}.
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Then in the fourteenth year, Chedorlaomer and the kings who {were} with him went and struck the Raphaites in Ashteroth-Karnaim and the Zuzites in Ham and the Emites in Shaveh-Kiriathaim
Then during the fourteenth year {King} Chedorlaomer and the {three} kings who {were} his allies {united their armies and} went {to war} {against all their enemies}. {First} they defeated the Raphaites in {the city of} Ashteroth-Karnaim, then the Zuzites in {the city of} Ham, the Emites in {the city of} Shaveh-Kiriathaim,
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and the Horites in their hill country of Seir as far as El Paran, which {is} by the wilderness.
and the Horites {who lived} in the Seir Mountains {all the way} to {the city of} El Paran, which {is located} near the desert.
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Then they turned back and came to En Mishpat, which {is} Kadesh, and they struck the entire territory of the Amalekites and also the Amorites, who were living in Hazezon Tamar.
Next those {four} kings {and their armies} turned around and went to {the city of} En Mishpat, which {is also called} Kadesh. They conquered the entire territory where the Amalekites lived, as well as the Amorites, who lived in {the city of} Hazezon Tamar.
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Then the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrah, and the king of Admah, and the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela, which {is} Zoar, went out into the Valley of Siddim and arranged themselves for battle
Then the king over {the city of} Sodom, the king over {the city of} Gomorrah, the king over {the city of} Admah, the king over {the city of} Zeboiim, and the king over {the town of} Bela, which {is also called} Zoar, marched out {with their armies} into the Siddim Valley and got ready to fight
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against Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of Goiim, and Amraphel king of Shinar, and Arioch king of Ellasar, four kings against the five.
against Chedorlaomer {who was} the king over {the land of} Elam, Tidal {who was} the king over the Goiim, Amraphel {who was} the king over {the land of} Shinar, and Arioch {who was} the king over {the kingdom of} Ellasar. {Then} the four kings attacked the five {kings} {and started defeating them}.
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Now the Valley of Siddim {had} many tar pits, and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and they fell there. And those who remained fled to the hill country.
Now there were many tar pits in the Siddim Valley. As the kings over {the cities of} Sodom and Gomorrah {and their soldiers} were running away {from the battle}, some {of their soldiers} died there {in the tar pits}. Those who escaped ran away to the mountains {to hide}.
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Then they took all the possessions of Sodom and Gomorrah and all their food, and left.
Then the four kings seized all the {people’s} belongings in {the cities of} Sodom and Gomorrah, including all their food, and carried it away.
And they took Lot and his possessions, the son of Abram’s brother, when they left, since he was living in Sodom.
They also carried off Abram’s nephew Lot and his belongings, since he was living in {the city of} Sodom.
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Then someone who escaped came and reported to Abram the Hebrew. And he was living by the terebinth trees of Mamre the Amorite, the brother of Eshcol and the brother of Aner, and they {were} owners of a covenant with Abram.
But someone {from Sodom} escaped {from the battle} and went to Abram the Hebrew and reported {to him} {what had happened}. {At that time} Abram was {still} living near the oak trees that were owned by Mamre the Amorite, {who was} the brother of Eshcol and Aner. Those {three} men had made a pact with Abram {to be his allies}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And when Abram heard that his relative had been taken captive, then he led out his 318 trained men who had been born in his house, and he pursued {his enemies} as far as Dan.
When Abram heard that {the four kings} had captured his nephew {Lot}, he called together 318 of his servants who had been born in his household and were skilled warriors. Then {together with his allies} they chased after {the four kings and their armies} all the way to {the town of} Dan.
Then he divided against them during the night, he and his servants, and struck them and pursued them to Hobah, which {is} north of Damascus.
There during the night Abram and his men divided {into groups}, {surprise} attacked the {four} kings {and their soldiers}, and defeated them. Then they chased them as far as {the town of} Hobah, which {is located} north of {the city of} Damascus.
And he brought back all the possessions, and he also brought back his relative Lot and his possessions, and also the women and the {other} people.
As a result, Abram recovered all the {people’s} belongings {that the four kings had taken}. He also rescued his nephew Lot and his belongings, as well as the women and {all} the other people {whom the kings had captured}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the king of Sodom came out to meet him in the Valley of Shaveh, which {is} the King’s Valley, after he returned from striking Chedorlaomer and the kings who {were} with him.
After Abram defeated {King} Chedorlaomer and the {other} {three} kings who were Chedorlaomer’s allies, he started to return {home}. When he reached the Shaveh Valley, which {is also called} the King’s Valley, the king over {the city of} Sodom came there and welcomed him.
Then Melchizedek the king of Salem brought out bread and wine. And he {was} a priest to God Most High.
Melchizedek {who was} the king over {the city of} Salem {also came there, and he} brought food and wine {for Abram and his men to eat and drink}. {King} Melchizedek {was also} a priest who served the God who is greater {than all other gods}.
And he blessed him and said, “May Abram be blessed by God Most High, the Possessor of heaven and earth.
So he blessed Abram by saying {to him}, “May the greatest God, who owns heaven and earth, bless you.
And praised be God Most High, who delivered your enemies into your hand!” Then he gave to him a tenth of everything.
Praise the greatest God, because he enabled you to defeat your enemies!” Then Abram gave {King} Melchizedek ten percent of everything {that he had recovered in the battle}.
Then the king of Sodom said to Abram, “Give to me the people, but the possessions take for yourself.”
After that, the king over {the city of} Sodom said to Abram, “{Please} return to me the people {whom you rescued}, but keep for yourself {their} belongings {that you recovered}.”
But Abram said to the king of Sodom, “I raise my hand to Yahweh, God Most High, the possessor of heaven and earth,
But Abram replied to him, “I raise my hand {and swear} to Yahweh, {who is} the greatest God {and} the One who owns heaven and earth,
if from a thread even to the strap of a sandal, or if I take from anything that {belongs} to you, so that you will not say, ‘I made Abram rich.’
{that} I will not {accept} anything that is yours {or your people’s}, not even a {piece of} string or the strap from a sandal. That way you can never say that you {were the one who} made me rich.
I {will take} nothing, except what the young men have eaten and the share of the other men who went with me: Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre. Let them take their share.”
{So} I {will} only {keep} what my warriors ate and the part {of the plunder} that Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre deserve for being my allies. {Please} let them have their part {of the plunder}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
After those things, the word of Yahweh came to Abram in a vision, saying, “Do not be afraid, Abram! I {am} a shield for you; your reward will be very great.”
After that, Yahweh said to Abram in a vision, “Abram, do not be afraid. I will protect you, {and} I will give you a very great reward.”
But Abram said, “My Lord Yahweh, what will you give to me, since I go childless, and the son of the inheritance of my house {is} the Damascan, Eliezer?”
But Abram said {to him}, “Yahweh my Master, even if you reward me greatly, {that will not benefit me}, since I still have no children. So {when I die,} the one who will inherit all that I have {is} {my servant} Eliezer {who is} {a foreigner} from {the city of} Damascus.”
Then Abram said, “Behold, to me you have given no seed, and behold, a servant of my house is my heir!”
Then Abram continued, “That’s right, you have not given me any children, so that now {when I die}, {one of} my household servants will inherit everything I own!”
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Then behold, the word of Yahweh {came} to him, saying, “That {man} will not be your heir, but rather a son who comes from your bowels, he will be your heir.”
But immediately Yahweh said to Abram, “{No,} your servant {Eliezer} will not inherit your property, rather it will be your very own {biological} son who will inherit it.”
Then he brought him outside and said, “Please look at the heavens and count the stars, if you are able to count them.” Then he said to him, “So will your offspring be.”
Then Yahweh took Abram outside {his tent} and said {to him}, “Look {up} at the {night} sky and count how many stars there are, if {in fact} you are able to count them {all}.” {While Abram was looking at the stars,} Yahweh said to him, “That is how many descendants you will have.”
And he trusted in Yahweh, and he counted it to him {as} righteousness.
Abram trusted Yahweh, and because of that, Yahweh considered him to be righteous.
Then he said to him, “I {am} Yahweh who brought you out of Ur of the Chaldeans to give to you this land to possess it.”
Then Yahweh said to him, “I am Yahweh who brought you {here} from {the city of} Ur that the Chaldeans rule, to give this land to you to own.”
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Then he said, “My Lord Yahweh, how will I know that I will possess it?”
But Abram asked {him}, “Yahweh my Master, how can I be sure that this land will be mine?”
Then he said to him, “Bring to me a three-year-old heifer and a three-year-old she-goat and a three-year-old ram and a turtledove and a young pigeon.”
Yahweh replied, “Bring me a heifer, a female goat and a male sheep, each of which is three years old, as well as a dove and a young pigeon.”
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So he brought all those to him. Then he cut them in two down the middle and laid the halves opposite to each other, but the birds he did not cut in two.
So {the next day} Abram brought all those {animals} to Yahweh {and killed them}. Then he cut the animals’ bodies in half lengthwise and placed each half a short space across from the other half {in two rows}, except for the birds, which he did not cut in half.
Then birds of prey came down on the carcasses, and Abram drove them away.
Then {some} vultures flew down {and landed} on the {animal} bodies {to eat them}, but Abram chased them away.
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Then it happened, the sun was setting and a deep sleep fell on Abram, and behold, terror {and} great darkness fell on him.
Later, as the sun was going down, Abram fell into a deep sleep, and suddenly, it became completely dark, and he became terrified.
Then he said to Abram, “Know for certain that your offspring will be strangers in a land {that} {does} not {belong} to them, and they will serve them, and they will afflict them 400 years.
Then Yahweh said to him, “I want you to know that your descendants will live as foreigners in a country that is not their own. They will serve the people {of that country} {as slaves}, and those people will treat them cruelly for 400 years.
But also, the nation that they serve I will judge, and after that they will come out with great possessions.
But I will punish those people whom they serve. After that, your descendants will leave {that country} and take many riches with them.
And you, you will go to your fathers in peace; you will be buried at a good old age.
As for you, after you have lived a good long life, you will die peacefully and join your ancestors {who have died before you}.
Then in the fourth generation they will come back here, because the sin of the Amorites {will} not {be} complete until then.”
Then four generations later, your descendants will return here {to live}, because that is when the Amorites will have sinned as much as I will allow {before I take away their land and give it to your descendants}.
Then it happened, the sun went down and darkness came, and behold, {there was} a smoking fire pot and a flaming torch that passed between those pieces.
When the sun had set, it became {very} dark. Then suddenly a {clay} pot {appeared} {that was full} of burning coals and had smoke coming from it, and also a blazing torch, and they {both} went between the {animal} halves.
On that day Yahweh cut a covenant with Abram, saying, “To your offspring I have given this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates River,
At that time Yahweh made a {special} agreement with Abram and said, “I am giving your descendants this land, {which extends} from Egypt’s river {in the south} to the great Euphrates River {in the north}.
{the land of} the Kenites and the Kenizzites and the Kadmonites
{That includes} {the land which belongs to} the Kenites, the Kenizzites, the Kadmonites,
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and the Hittites and the Perizzites and the Rephaim
the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Rephaim,
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and the Amorites and the Canaanites and the Girgashites and the Jebusites.”
the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Girgashites, and the Jebusites.”
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Then Abram was a son of ninety-nine years, and Yahweh appeared to Abram and said to him, “I {am} God Almighty. Walk before me and be without blemish.
{Years} later, when Abram was ninety-nine years old, Yahweh came to him and told him, “I {am} God {who is} all-powerful. Live in a way that pleases me so that you will be blameless.
And I will make my covenant between me and you, and I will multiply you very greatly.”
I will establish my agreement with you, and I will increase {the number of} your descendants so that they are very numerous.”
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Then Abram fell on his face, and God spoke with him, saying,
{When} Abram {heard that, he} bowed with his face to the ground {before God} {to show respect}, and God continued speaking to him,
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“Me, behold, my covenant will be with you, and you shall be the father of a multitude of nations.
“Listen, this is what I will do to fulfill my agreement with you: I will make you the ancestor of many people groups.
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And your name will not be called Abram anymore, but your name will be Abraham, because I have made you the father of a multitude of nations.
So your name will no longer be Abram. Rather, {from now on} it will be Abraham, because you will be the ancestor of many people groups.
And I will make you very, very fruitful, and I will make you into nations, and kings will come from you.
Yes, I will give you many, many descendants, so that you will become {the ancestor of many} people groups. In fact, some of your descendants will be kings.
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And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations as an eternal covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you.
I will establish my agreement with you and {all} your descendants {who live} after you for {all} generations to come. It will be an agreement that never ends, that I will be your God and {the God} of {all} your descendants.
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And I will give to you and to your offspring after you the land of your sojournings, all the land of Canaan, as an eternal possession, and I will be God to them.”
I will also give to you and your descendants this land where you have been living as a foreigner, {yes,} the entire region of Canaan. They will own it forever, and I will be their God.”
Then God said to Abraham, “And you, you must keep my covenant, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations.
Then God continued, “Now as for your part {in this agreement}, you must obey me. {That applies to} you as well as {all} your descendants for {all} generations to come.
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This {is} my covenant which you must keep, between me and you and your offspring after you: Every male among you must be circumcised.
This is {what I require in} my agreement with you and your descendants, which you {all} must obey: You must circumcise all males {who live} among you.
Indeed, you must be circumcised {in} the flesh of your foreskins, and it will be the sign of the covenant between me and you.
Yes, you must circumcise the foreskins of {all the males among} you, and that {custom} will remind {you all} that {I made} this agreement with you.
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So a son of eight days must be circumcised, every male among you throughout your generations, the one born in {your} house and the one bought with money from any son of a foreigner, who {is} not your offspring.
For all {future} generations you must circumcise {every} baby boy who is eight days old, {as well as} all {other} males among your people. {That includes} males from your own family as well as those who {are} not your descendants but {are servants whom you} bought from foreigners.
He must surely be circumcised, the one born in your house and the one bought with your money. So my covenant will be in your flesh as an eternal covenant.
{Yes,} you must definitely circumcise {all of} them, {regardless of whether} they are sons from your own family or servants whom you have bought. That is how you must mark my agreement on your bodies to show that it is an agreement that never ends.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And {as for} an uncircumcised male who is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin, indeed that person must be cut off from his people; he has broken my covenant.”
In fact, if any man refuses to let you circumcise him, you must {send him away and} not allow him to associate with my people, {because} he has disobeyed {what I require in} my agreement.”
Then God said to Abraham, “{As for} Sarai your wife, do not call her name Sarai, because her name {will be} Sarah.
God {also} told Abraham, “{As for} your wife Sarai, do not call her Sarai {anymore}. Rather, {from now on} her name will be Sarah.
And I will bless her, and I will also give to you a son from her. Indeed, I will bless her and she will become nations; kings of peoples will come from her.”
I will bless her, and I will definitely enable her to bear a son for you. In fact, I will bless her so that she will {have many descendants that will} become {many} people groups, and some of her descendants will {even} be kings {who rule} over people groups.”
Then Abraham fell on his face, and he laughed and said in his heart, “Will {a child} be born to a son of 100 years? And will Sarah, who is a daughter of ninety years, bear {a child}?”
{When} Abraham {heard that, he} bowed with his face to the ground {before God} {to respect him}, but he laughed {silently} and thought to himself, “How can a hundred-year-old man {like me} father a child? And how can Sarah, who is ninety years old, {still} have a baby?”
Then Abraham said to God, “If only Ishmael might live before you!”
So Abraham said to God, “Please let Ishmael be the one whom you bless {as my heir}!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then God said, “No, Sarah your wife is bearing a son for you, and you will call his name Isaac. And I will establish my covenant with him as an eternal covenant for his offspring after him.
God replied, “Yes, but {it is} your wife Sarah {who} will give birth to a son for you. You must name him Isaac. He {is the one} I will establish my agreement with, as a permanent agreement {that I will also keep} with {all} his descendants {who live} after him.
“And as for Ishmael, I have heard you. Behold, I will bless him, and I will make him fruitful and multiply him very greatly. He will father twelve rulers, and I will make him into a great nation.
“I also heard what you asked me to do for Ishmael. {So} this is what I will do: I will {also} bless him, and I will give him many children and greatly increase {the number of} his descendants. {In fact,} he will be the father of twelve {sons who become} {powerful} leaders, and I will make him {the ancestor of} a large people group.
However, my covenant I will establish with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear for you by this time in the next year.”
But I will establish my agreement with {your son} Isaac. Sarah will give birth to him at this time next year.”
Then he finished speaking with him, and God went up from Abraham.
After he had finished talking to Abraham, God left him and ascended {to heaven}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham took Ishmael his son and all those born in his house and everyone bought with his money, every male among the men of Abraham’s house, and he circumcised the flesh of their foreskins on that very day, just as God had told him.
Then Abraham gathered his son Ishmael and all the {other} males who were born in his household and all {his male servants} whom he had bought, {yes,} every male in his household. Then on that same day he circumcised them, exactly as God had commanded him {to do}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Abraham {was} a son of 99 years when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin,
Abraham {was} 99 years old when he was circumcised,
and Ishmael his son {was} a son of thirteen years when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.
and his son Ishmael was thirteen years old when {Abraham} circumcised him.
On that very day Abraham was circumcised, and Ishmael his son.
{So it was,} on that same day {both} Abraham and his son Ishmael were circumcised.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And all the males of his house, the one born in his house and the one bought with money from the son of a foreigner, were circumcised with him.
And all the {other} males in Abraham’s household, {including} those {who had been} born in his household as well as those {whom he had} bought {as servants} from foreigners, were also circumcised.
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Then Yahweh appeared to him by the terebinth trees of Mamre, and he was sitting {at} the opening of the tent in the heat of the day.
Then {one day} Yahweh appeared {again} to Abraham at the oak trees on Mamre’s land, while he was sitting {at} the entrance of his tent during the hottest part of the day.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he lifted his eyes and looked, and behold, three men were standing nearby him. And {when} he saw {them}, he ran from the entrance of the tent to meet them and bowed himself to the ground,
Abraham looked up and saw that there were three men standing a short distance away. As soon as he saw {them}, he {jumped up and} hurried {to them} to greet them. Then he bowed {before them} {with his face} to the ground {to show respect},
and he said, “My lords, if I have found favor in your eyes, please do not pass by your servant.
and he said {to them}, “Sirs, if you consider me worthy {to be your host}, please do not leave here without letting me serve you {as my guests}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Please let a little water be brought. Then you can wash your feet, and rest yourselves under the tree.
Please let me bring {you} some water, so that you {all} can wash {the dust off} your feet, and then rest under {the shade of} this tree.
And I will bring a morsel of bread so that you can refresh your hearts before you go away, since you have come to your servant.” And they said, “Alright, do as you have said.”
Since you are here with me, let me {also} bring some food {for you} {to eat}. That way you can regain your strength before you continue on your way.” They replied {to him}, “Okay, do what you have proposed.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham hurried into the tent to Sarah and said, “Hurry! {Prepare} three seahs of fine flour. Knead {it} and make loaves.”
So Abraham quickly went to Sarah inside their tent and told her, “Quickly {get} three batches of our best flour and bake {some} bread.”
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Then Abraham ran to the herd and selected a tender and choice calf. Then he gave it to a servant and he hurried to prepare it.
Then he ran {outside} to his herd {of cattle} and chose one of his best calves that would be good to eat. Then he took it to one of his servants, and the servant quickly butchered it and cooked it.
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Then he took curds and milk and the calf that he had prepared, and he set it before them. Then he stood by them under the tree and they ate.
Then Abraham brought {some} yogurt and milk and the meat that his servant had prepared, and he put it {all} before his {three} guests {to eat}. Then he stood nearby them {where they were sitting} under the tree {and served them} while they ate.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then they said to him, “Where {is} Sarah your wife?” And he said, “Behold, in the tent.”
Then {one of} the men asked Abraham, “Where {is} your wife Sarah?” Abraham answered, “{She is} there in the tent.”
Then he said, “I will surely return to you at the time of life, and behold, Sarah your wife will have a son.” And Sarah was listening {at} the opening of the tent, and it {was} behind him.
Then the man said {to Abraham}, “I will definitely come back {here} to visit you at this time next year. When I do, your wife Sarah will have a {baby} son.” Now Sarah was listening inside the entrance of the tent, which was behind the man.
Now Abraham and Sarah {were} old, advanced in days; the way of women had ceased to be with Sarah.
She and Abraham were {already} very old, so that Sarah was {far} past the age that she could have children.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So Sarah laughed within herself and said, “After I am worn out, will I have pleasure? And my lord {is} old!”
So she laughed to herself {in disbelief} and said {to herself}, “It doesn’t seem possible that I could experience the pleasure {of having a child} now that I am too old {to conceive}. Besides that, my husband is {also} {very} old!”
Then Yahweh said to Abraham, “Why {is it} that Sarah laughed, saying, ‘Will I really bear {a child} when I am old?’
But Yahweh asked Abraham, “Sarah should not have laughed and said {to herself} that she is too old to have a child!
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Is anything too hard for Yahweh? At the appointed time I will return to you, at the time of life, and Sarah will have a son.”
Nothing is too difficult for Yahweh {to do}! At the time that I have set, I will return to you {here}. {Yes, I will come} at this time next year, and Sarah will {already} have a son.”
But Sarah denied it by saying, “I did not laugh,” because she was afraid. But he said, “No, but you did laugh.”
{When Sarah heard that,} she was afraid, so she lied {to him} and said, “I did not laugh.” But Yahweh replied, “That is not true. You did laugh.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the men got up from there and looked down toward Sodom. And Abraham went with them to send them off.
{When they had finished eating,} the {three} men got up {to leave} and started walking down toward {the city of} Sodom. Abraham escorted them {for a while} to see them on their way.
And Yahweh said, “Should I hide from Abraham what I am doing?
Then Yahweh thought {to himself}, “Should I keep secret from Abraham what I am about to do {to the city of Sodom}?
And Abraham will surely become a great and mighty nation, and in him all the nations of the earth will be blessed.
After all, he {and his descendants} will definitely become a great and powerful people group, and through them I will bless all the people groups in the world.
(There are no questions for this verse)
For I have known him so that he will command his children and his house after him, and they will keep the way of Yahweh by doing righteousness and justice, so that Yahweh will bring about for Abraham what he has said to him.”
In fact, I have chosen him so that he will train his children and his descendants, so that they will live the way I want them to live and do what is right and treat people justly. Therefore I will do for him everything I have promised him {that I will do}.”
Then Yahweh said, “Because the outcry of Sodom and Gomorrah is great, and because their sin is very grievous,
So Yahweh said {to Abraham}, “I have heard that {the people of} {the cities of} Sodom and Gomorrah have become very evil, and they are sinning very terribly.
I will go down now and see whether they have done altogether according to its outcry that has come to me. And if not, I will know.”
I must go down {to those cities} now to determine whether {or not} they are guilty of everything that I have heard against them. If {they are} not {guilty}, {then} I will know {it} {and I will not punish them}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the men turned away from there and went toward Sodom, and Abraham was still standing before Yahweh.
Then the {other two} men left and continued walking toward {the city of} Sodom, while Abraham remained {there} with Yahweh.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham approached {him} and said, “Will you really sweep away the righteous with the wicked?
Then Abraham stepped closer {to Yahweh} and asked {him}, “Certainly you will not destroy righteous {people} {along} with wicked {people}, will you?
Suppose there are fifty righteous in the city? Will you really sweep away and not spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous who {are} in it?
What {will you do} if there are fifty righteous {people} {living} in the city {of Sodom}? Will you really {still} destroy {all the people in} the city rather than let them all live because of the fifty righteous {people} who live there?
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Far be it from you to do something like that, killing the righteous with the wicked, so that the righteous are like the wicked! Far be it from you! Will the one who judges all the earth not do justice?”
Certainly you would never do such a thing as kill righteous {people} {together} with evil {people}, so that you are treating them both the same way! Certainly you would never do such a thing! As the Judge over everyone on the earth, certainly you will treat people justly.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Yahweh said, “If I find in Sodom fifty righteous in the city, then I will spare the whole place for their sake.”
Yahweh replied {to him}, “If there are fifty righteous {people} {living} in the city of Sodom, then I will spare the whole city {and everyone who lives there} because of them.”
Then Abraham spoke up and said, “Behold, please, I have taken it upon myself to speak to my Lord, although I {am} dust and ashes.
Then Abraham spoke up {again} and asked {Yahweh}, “My Lord, please excuse me for speaking to you so boldly, even though I am {as insignificant as} dirt and ashes {compared to you}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Suppose the fifty righteous lack five? Will you destroy the whole city because of five?” And he said, “I will not destroy it if I find forty-five there.”
{But} what {will you do} if there are only forty-five righteous {people} {in the city} instead of fifty? Will you destroy the whole city {and everyone in it} if there are five people too few {who are righteous}?” Yahweh answered, “I will not destroy the city if there are forty-five {righteous people} {living} there.”
Then he continued again to speak to him and said, “Suppose forty are found there?” And he said, “I will not do it for the sake of the forty.”
Then Abraham spoke again to Yahweh and asked, “What {will you do} if there are {only} forty {righteous people} in the city? {Will you destroy it then?}” Yahweh answered, “I will not destroy {the city}, in order to save the forty {righteous people}.”
Then he said, “Please do not let my Lord be angry, and let me speak: Suppose thirty are found there?” And he said, “I will not do it if I find thirty there.”
Then Abraham pleaded {with him}, “My Lord, please do not be angry {with me}, but let me ask {you} {another question}: What {will you do} if there are {only} thirty {righteous people} {living} there?” He replied, “I will not destroy {the city} if there are thirty {righteous people} there.”
Then he said, “Behold, please, I have taken it upon myself to speak to my Lord. Suppose twenty are found there?” And he said, “I will not destroy it for the sake of the twenty.”
Then Abraham asked {him}, “My Lord, please excuse me for speaking to you so boldly. What {will you do} if there are {only} twenty {righteous people} {living} in the city?” Yahweh replied, “I will not destroy the city, in order to save the twenty {righteous people}.”
Then he said, “Please do not let my Lord be angry, and let me speak just once more: Suppose ten are found there?” And he said, “I will not destroy it for the sake of the ten.”
Then Abraham said, “My Lord, please do not be angry {with me}, but let me ask {you} just one more thing: What {will you do} if there are {only} ten {righteous people} in the city?” Yahweh answered {him}, “I will not destroy {the city}, in order to save the ten {righteous people}.”
Then Yahweh left as soon as he finished speaking to Abraham, and Abraham returned to his place.
When Yahweh had finished talking with Abraham, he left {him}, and Abraham returned home.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the two angels came to Sodom in the evening, and Lot was sitting at the gate of Sodom. And Lot saw them, and he got up to meet them and bowed down {with} nose to the ground.
That evening the two angels arrived at {the city of} Sodom, while Lot was sitting at the gate of the city. When Lot saw them, he stood up and greeted them and {then} bowed {before them} with {his} face to the ground {to show respect}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said, “Behold, please, my lords: Please turn aside to the house of your servant and spend the night, and wash your feet. Then you can get up early and go on your way.” But they said, “No, rather we will spend the night in the street.”
Then he said {to them}, “Sirs, please listen {to this}: Please come to my house so that I can serve you and you can lodge for the night {there}. {That way} too {you can} wash {the dust off} your feet. Then {tomorrow morning} you can get up early and continue traveling.” But the two angels replied, “Thank you, but we will {just} stay in the public square tonight.”
But he urged them strongly, so that they turned aside with him and entered into his house. Then he prepared a feast for them, and he baked unleavened bread, and they ate.
However Lot continued to urgently invite them until they {finally agreed and} went with him to his house. Then Lot prepared a big meal for them, including {some} flat bread, and they {sat down and} ate {the meal}.
Before they lay down, then the men of the city, the men of Sodom, surrounded the house, from the young and to the old, all the people from the edge{s}.
{But} {after supper,} before they could lie down {to sleep}, {all} the men in the city of Sodom surrounded Lot’s house, including men of all ages. {In fact,} all the people from every part {of the city were there}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then they called to Lot and said to him, “Where {are} the men who came to you tonight? Bring them out to us so that we can know them!”
Then they shouted to Lot, “Where {are} the {two} men who came to lodge with you tonight? Bring them outside to us so that we can have relations with them!”
Then Lot went out to them at the entrance and shut the door behind him,
But Lot went outside near the doorway {to talk} to them, and he closed the door {of the house} behind him.
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and he said, “Please, my brothers, do not do evil!
Then he pleaded {with them}, “I beg you, my friends, do not do such an evil thing!
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Behold, please: I have two daughters who have not known a man. Please let me bring them out to you, and you do to them as {is} good in your eyes. But do not do anything to these men, because for that {reason} they have come under the shadow of my rafters.”
Listen {to this} please: My two daughters have never had {marital} relations with a man. Allow me to bring them out to you {instead} so that you can do with them whatever you want. But do not harm these men, because they are my guests and I am responsible for their safety.”
But they said, “Get back!” Then they said, “This one came to sojourn, and now he is judging {us}! We will treat you worse than them!” Then they pressed hard against the man Lot and came near to break down the door.
But the men of Sodom shouted {at him}, “Get out of our way!” Then they complained {to each other}, “This guy came {here} as a foreigner, and now he thinks that he can judge {us}!” {Then they shouted at Lot,} “We will do worse things to you than {we do} to your {two} guests!” Then they started shoving hard against Lot and surged forward to break through the door {of his house}.
But the men reached out their hand{s} and brought Lot into the house to them and shut the door.
But Lot’s {two} guests {opened the door}, reached outside and {quickly} pulled him {back} into the house with them and closed the door.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then they struck the men who {were at} the entrance of the house with blindness, from the small and to the great, so that they became weary {trying} to find the door.
Then those two men {who were angels} caused the men who {were at} the door of the house to be blind, including every last one of them, so that they exhausted themselves {groping around} trying to find the door.
Then the men said to Lot, “Who else {belongs} to you here, a son-in-law or your sons or your daughters or anyone {else} who {belongs} to you in the city? Take {them} out from this place,
Then the {two} angels asked Lot, “Do you have any other relatives here in Sodom? {If you have} sons-in-law or sons or daughters or any {other} members of your family here, {then} {quickly} get them away from this city,
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because we are destroying this place. For their outcry before Yahweh {is} great, so Yahweh has sent us to destroy it.”
because we are about to destroy it. Yahweh has heard that the people of this city are guilty of serious sins, so he has sent us to destroy the city.”
Then Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law who were to take his daughters, and he said, “Get up, get out of this place, because Yahweh is destroying the city!” But it seemed like he was joking in the eyes of his sons-in-law.
So Lot went to his {future} sons-in-law who were engaged to his daughters, and he warned them, “Hurry up {and} leave this city, because Yahweh is about to destroy it!” But his sons-in-law thought that he was joking, {so they ignored him}.
Then when the dawn came, the angels urged Lot, saying, “Get up, take your wife and your two daughters who are here, so that you are not swept away in the punishment of the city.”
Early the next morning, the {two} angels urged Lot, “Hurry up {and} take your wife and your two daughters {out of the city} so that you will not die when {God} punishes {the people of} the city.”
But he lingered, so the men grabbed his hand and the hand of his wife and the hand{s} of his two daughters, because of Yahweh’s mercy for him, and brought him out and set him outside the city.
Lot hesitated, but Yahweh was being merciful to him, so the {two} men took hold of Lot’s hand and the hands of his wife and two daughters and led them out of the city.
And it happened when they had brought them out to the outside, then he said, “Flee for your life! Do not look behind you, and do not stop anywhere in the plain! Escape to the mountain{s} so that you are not swept away!”
As {soon as} the angels had taken them outside {the city}, one of them said {to Lot}, “Run away from here as fast as you can! Do not look behind you, and do not delay in the valley for any reason! Go quickly to the hill country, or else you will die!”
Then Lot said to them, “Please, no, my lords!
But Lot replied to them, “I beg you, sirs, do not {make us do that}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Behold, please: Your servant has found favor in your eyes, and you have magnified your mercy that you have shown to me by saving my life. But I am not able to escape to the mountain{s}, because the disaster will overtake me and I will die.
Listen {to me} please: You have treated me well even though I am unimportant, and you have been very kind to me and saved my life. But I am not able to run {all the way} to the mountains before the disaster occurs and kills me.
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Behold, please: That town there {is} near to flee to, and it {is} a little one. Please let me escape there. Is it not a little one? Then my life will live.”
{So} listen {to this} please: That town up ahead {is} near {enough} to run to {in time}, and it {is} {just} a small {town}. Please let us run there, {and do not destroy it}. {After all,} it is very small. Then we can stay alive.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said to him, “Behold, I have also lifted up your face concerning this thing, so I will not overthrow the town that you are talking about.
The angel replied to Lot, “Alright, I will allow you to go to the {small} town that you’re talking about, and I will not destroy it.
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Hurry up, escape there, because I am not able to do a thing until you go there.” For that {reason} they called the name of the town Zoar.
{But} hurry up {now and} run there, because I cannot destroy anything until you get there.” Since Lot said the town was small, the name of the town is Zoar {which means “small”}.
The sun rose over the land and Lot came to Zoar.
The sun was rising over the land as Lot {and his family} reached {the town of} Zoar.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Yahweh rained down on Sodom and Gomorrah brimstone and fire from Yahweh out of the heavens,
Then Yahweh caused fire and burning rocks to fall like {heavy} rain from the sky on {the cities of} Sodom and Gomorrah.
and he overthrew those cities and all of the plain, including all the inhabitants of the cities and the vegetation of the ground.
In that way, he {completely} destroyed those {two} cities and the rest of the valley, including everyone who lived in the cities and {all} the plants in the area.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But his wife from behind him looked back, and she became a pillar of salt.
But Lot’s wife, {who was} {walking} behind him, glanced back {at the city}, and {immediately} she turned into a statue of {solid} salt {rock}.
Abraham got up early in the morning and went to the place where he had stood before Yahweh,
Early that same morning, Abraham got up and returned to the place where he had stood with Yahweh {the previous day}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
and he looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and toward all the surface of the land of the plain. And he saw that, behold, smoke was rising from the land like smoke from a furnace.
He looked down at {the cities of} Sodom and Gomorrah and all {the rest of} the valley. There in front of him, he saw that {lots of thick} smoke was billowing up over the land like smoke from a {huge} fire.
So it was, when God destroyed the cities of the plain, that God remembered Abraham and sent Lot out of the middle of the overthrow, when he overthrew the cities which Lot had lived in.
When God destroyed the cities in the valley, he did not forget Abraham {or his request}. So he saved Lot from the catastrophe that he had sent to {completely} destroy the cities where Lot had been living.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Lot went up from Zoar and settled in the mountain{s}, and his two daughters {were} with him, because he was afraid to settle in Zoar. So he lived in a cave, he and his two daughters.
After that, Lot was afraid to stay in {the town of} Zoar, so he and his two daughters moved from there to the mountains, where they lived in a cave.
Then the firstborn said to the younger, “Our father is old, and there is not a man on the earth to come to us as {is} the way of all the earth.
Then {one day} {his} older {daughter} said to {his} younger {daughter}, “Our father is elderly, and there are not any men around here to marry us, which {is} the custom {that people have} everywhere else in the world.
Come on, let us get our father to drink wine, and let us lie with him so that we will give life to offspring through our father.”
{So} come on, we should get our father drunk on wine. Then we can have {sexual} relations with him so that we can continue our family line with him.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So they got their father to drink wine on that night, and the firstborn went and lay with her father, but he did not know when she lay down or when she got up.
So that night Lot’s daughters got their father drunk on wine. Then the older {daughter} went {to him} and had relations with him. But {he was so drunk that} he was not {even} aware that she got in bed {with him} or that she left.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it happened on the next day that the firstborn said to the younger, “Behold, last night I lay with my father. Let us get him to drink wine again tonight. Then you go lie with him so that we will give life to offspring through our father.”
The next day {Lot’s} older {daughter} said to {his} younger {daughter}, “Listen, last night I had {sexual} relations with our father. Tonight we should get him drunk on wine again. Then you {also} should go {and} have relations with him so that we can continue our family line with him.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So on that night also they got their father to drink wine. Then the younger went and lay with him, but he did not know when she lay down or when she got up.
So that night Lot’s daughters got their father drunk on wine again. Then the younger {daughter} went {to him} and had relations with him. And {once again} {he was so drunk that} he was not aware that she got in bed {with him} or that she left.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So both of the daughters of Lot conceived from their father.
In that way, both of Lot’s daughters became pregnant from {having relations with} their father.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the firstborn bore a son, and she called his name Moab. He {is} the father of the Moabites to this day.
Later his older {daughter} gave birth to a son, and she named him Moab, {which means “from my father.”} He {became} the ancestor of the Moabite people {who are still living} today.
Then the younger, she also bore a son, and she called his name Ben-Ammi. He {is} the father of the sons of Ammon to this day.
Lot’s younger {daughter} also gave birth to a son, and she named him Ben-Ammi, {which means “son of my people.”} He {became} the ancestor of the Ammonite people {who are still living} today.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham traveled from there to the land of the Negev, and he settled between Kadesh and Shur and sojourned in Gerar.
Meanwhile Abraham {and his family} left from the place where they were living {and moved south} to the Negev {Desert} area. There they lived between {the cities of} Kadesh and Shur, and they stayed for a while in {the city of} Gerar.
And Abraham said about Sarah his wife, “She {is} my sister.” So Abimelech the king of Gerar sent for Sarah and took her.
{While they were there,} Abraham told {people} that his wife Sarah {was} his sister. So {one day} Abimelech, {who was} the king of Gerar, had {some of his servants} bring Sarah {to his home} {to be his wife}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But God came to Abimelech in a dream {in} the night and said to him, “Behold, you are dead because of the woman whom you have taken, because she is married to a husband!”
But that night God appeared to {King} Abimelech in a dream and warned him, “Listen, you are about to die because the woman whom you have taken {to be your wife} is {already} married to someone else!”
Now Abimelech had not gone near to her, so he said, “My Lord, will you kill a nation even though {it is} righteous?
However Abimelech had not {yet} slept with Sarah, so he asked {God}, “Lord, will you kill {me and} my people even if {we are} innocent?
(There are no questions for this verse)
Did not he himself say to me, ‘She {is} my sister’? And she herself also said, ‘He {is} my brother.’ I did this in the integrity of my heart and in the innocence of my hands!”
Abraham himself told me that Sarah was his sister. And she herself also said that he was her brother. {So} I took her {to be my wife} with a pure conscience, and I did not know that I was doing anything wrong!”
Then God said to him in the dream, “Yes, I know that in the integrity of your heart you did this, and indeed I kept you from sinning against me. For that {reason} I did not allow you to touch her.
God replied to him in the dream, “Yes, I realize that {it was} with a pure conscience that you took Sarah {to be your wife}. In fact, I {am the one who} kept you from sinning against me. That is why I did not let you sleep with her.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So now, return the wife of the man because he {is} a prophet, and he will pray for you, and you will live. But if you do not return her, know that you will surely die, you and all who {belong} to you!”
Now then, you must give Abraham’s wife back {to him}. He is a spokesman {for me}, so he will ask me to be merciful to you, so that you will not die. However, if you refuse to give Sarah back {to him}, you can be sure that you and all your people will definitely die!”
So Abimelech got up early in the morning and called for all of his servants, and he told all those things in their ears, and the men were very afraid.
Early the next morning {King} Abimelech got up and called together all of his officials. He told them everything that had happened, and they were very afraid {that God would punish them}.
Then Abimelech called for Abraham and said to him, “What have you done to us? And how have I sinned against you so that you brought a great sin on me and on my kingdom? You have done deeds to me that should not be done!”
Then the king summoned Abraham and scolded him {by saying}, “You have treated us very badly! I never did anything wrong to you, and yet you have caused me and the people whom I rule to be guilty of sinning terribly! You have wronged me in ways that should never be done {to anyone}!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abimelech said to Abraham, “What were you looking for when you did this thing?”
Finally, {King} Abimelech asked him, “What motivated you to do what you did?”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Abraham answered, “Because I said, ‘Surely there is no fear of God in this place, so they will kill me because of my wife.’
Abraham answered {him}, “{I did it,} because I thought that there was certainly no one in this city who revered God, so {I was afraid} they would kill me to get my wife {for themselves}.
And also she truly {is} my sister, the daughter of my father but not the daughter of my mother, and she became my wife.
Besides that, Sarah actually {is} my half-sister. We have the same father, but different mothers, and {after we grew up,} we got married.
And it happened when God caused me to wander from the house of my father, then I said to her, ‘This {is} your kindness that you can do for me: At every place where we go, say about me, “He {is} my brother.”’.”
{Years} later when God told me to leave my father’s family, I asked her to do me a favor and tell people wherever we go that I {am} her brother.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abimelech took flocks and herds and men slaves and women slaves and gave them to Abraham, and he returned Sarah his wife to him.
Then {King} Abimelech brought {many} sheep and cattle and male and female servants {to Abraham} and gave {them all} to him. He {also} gave Abraham’s wife Sarah back to him.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abimelech said, “Behold, my land {is} before you. Settle wherever {is} good in your eyes.”
Then {King} Abimelech said {to him}, “Look, my land {is} available to you. Live {wherever} you decide {is} best.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And to Sarah he said, “Behold, I have given 1,000 {shekels of} silver to your brother. Behold, that {is} for you a covering of the eyes before all who {are} with you, so that you are vindicated for everything.”
Then he {turned} to Sarah {and} said, “Listen, I have given 1,000 {pieces of} silver to your brother. I’m doing this so that everyone knows you did nothing wrong, and to compensate you for everything {that has happened to you}.”
Then Abraham prayed to God, and God healed Abimelech and his wife and his slave women, so that they bore children,
Then Abraham asked God {to be merciful to the king}. So God healed {King} Abimelech, as well as his wife and his female servants, and they were able to have children {again}.
because Yahweh had completely closed up every womb in the house of Abimelech because of Sarah, the wife of Abraham.
{Previously} Yahweh had kept all the women in Abimelech’s household from conceiving because he had taken Abraham’s wife Sarah.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Yahweh visited Sarah as he had said, and Yahweh did for Sarah as he had said,
Then Yahweh blessed Sarah {just} as he had said {he would}. Yes, he did for her {exactly} what he had promised {to do}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
so that Sarah conceived and bore a son for Abraham in his old age, at the appointed time which God had told him.
So Sarah became pregnant and at the time {God had} appointed, she gave birth to a son for Abraham when he was old, just as God had promised him {that she would}.
And Abraham called the name of his son who was born to him, whom Sarah bore for him, Isaac.
Then Abraham named his son Isaac, {the son} whom Sarah had given birth to.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Abraham circumcised his son Isaac, a son of eight days, just as God had commanded him.
Also, when Isaac was eight days old, Abraham circumcised him, which was exactly what God had commanded him {to do}.
And Abraham {was} a son of 100 years when Isaac his son was born to him.
Abraham {was} 100 years old when his son Isaac was born.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Sarah said, “God has brought laughter to me! Everyone who hears will laugh with me!”
{When he was born,} Sarah exclaimed, “God has made me laugh {for joy}! Everyone who hears {about this} will laugh {for joy} with me!”
And she said, “Who would have said to Abraham {that} Sarah would nurse children? Yet I have born a son in his old age!”
She also exclaimed, “No one would have {even thought of} telling Abraham {that} I would have children. Yet I have given birth to a son {for him} when he is old!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the child grew and was weaned, and Abraham made a great feast on the day Isaac was weaned.
Isaac grew as a child and reached the age when his mother stopped nursing him. When that happened, Abraham held a big feast {to celebrate}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Sarah saw {that} the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had born for Abraham, was mocking.
But {during the feast} Sarah noticed that {Ishmael,} the son of {her} Egyptian {handmaid} Hagar and Abraham, was making fun of {Isaac}.
So she said to Abraham, “Drive away that slave woman and her son, because the son of that slave woman will not inherit with my son, with Isaac!”
So she {was angry and} told Abraham, “Get rid of that servant woman and her son! Her son must never share {any part of} what my son Isaac inherits {from you}!”
And the matter was very distressing in the eyes of Abraham on account of his son.
Abraham was very upset about that, because {Ishmael} was {also} his son {and he cared about him too}.
But God said to Abraham, “Do not be distressed in your eyes because of the boy and because of your slave woman. All that Sarah says to you, listen to her voice, because in Isaac, offspring will be called yours.
But God told him, “Do not be upset about the boy or your servant woman. {Rather,} listen to everything Sarah tells you {to do}, {and do it,} because Isaac is the one who will be the ancestor of your descendants {whom I promised to you}.
And the son of the slave woman I will also make into a nation, because he {is} your offspring.”
But I will also make your servant woman’s son become {the ancestor of} a {large} people group, because he is your son.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham got up early in the morning, and took bread and a skin of water and gave them to Hagar, putting them on her shoulder. Then {he gave her} the child and sent her away, and she left and wandered in the wilderness of Beersheba.
Early the next morning Abraham got up, brought {some} food and a leather container {full} of water to Hagar {and} put them on her back. Then he sent her off with the boy, and they left and wandered {around} in the desert near {the city of} Beersheba.
And when the water from the skin was gone, then she threw the child under one of the bushes,
When they had finished {all} the water in the container, she left her son under {the shade of} a bush.
(There are no questions for this verse)
and she went and sat down by herself at a distance, as far away as they shoot a bow, because she said, “Do not let me look on the death of the child!” And {as} she sat at a distance, then she lifted her voice and sobbed.
She thought {to herself}, “I cannot {bear to} watch my son die.” So she went {away from him} and sat down by herself, about as far away as someone can shoot an arrow. Then she started crying loudly.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And God heard the voice of the boy, so the angel of God called to Hagar from heaven and said to her, “What {troubles} you, Hagar? Do not be afraid, because God has listened to the voice of the boy where he {is} there.
God {also} heard the boy crying, so one of his angels called to Hagar from heaven and said, “What is the matter, Hagar? Do not be afraid. God has heard the boy crying over there {and will take care of him}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Get up, lift the boy, and hold on to him with your hand, because I will make him into a great nation.”
{So} go help the boy to get up, and take care of him, because I {Yahweh} will make him become {the ancestor of} a large people group.”
Then God opened her eyes and she saw a well of water. So she went and filled the skin {with} water and gave the boy a drink.
Then God enabled Hagar to see a water well. So she went over {to the well}, filled her {water} container {with} water, and gave her son some water to drink.
And God was with the boy, and he grew up. And he lived in the wilderness and became a great bowman.
As the boy grew up, God was with him {and helped him}. He lived in the {Paran} Desert and learned to hunt skillfully with a bow {and arrows}.
And {while} he was living in the wilderness of Paran, then his mother took a wife for him from the land of Egypt.
While he was there, his mother found a wife for him {who was} from the country of Egypt.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And it happened at that time that Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, spoke to Abraham, saying, “God {is} with you in all that you do.
Meanwhile, one day {King} Abimelech {came} with his army captain Phicol to Abraham {and} said to him, “{I have noticed that} God {is} with you {and helps you} in everything that you do.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So now, swear to me here by God if you will deal falsely with me or with my children or with my descendants. According to the kindness that I have done to you, do to me and to the land which you are sojourning in.”
Now then, {please} vow to me here in God’s presence that you will never {again} deceive me or my children or my descendants. {Instead,} just as I have treated you kindly, {vow that} you will {also} be kind to me and {my people in} this country where you are living.”
And Abraham said, “I swear.”
Abraham replied {to him}, “I vow {that I will do those things}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham complained to Abimelech on account of the well of water that the servants of Abimelech had seized.
Then Abraham {also} confronted {King} Abimelech about a water well that Abimelech’s servants had taken control of {from Abraham’s servants}.
Then Abimelech said, “I do not know who has done this thing. And also you did not tell me, and also I have not heard about it until today.”
But Abimelech responded, “I have no idea who did that. Besides that, you did not tell me {about it} {before}, and so today is the first that I have heard about it.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham took sheep and cattle, and he gave them to Abimelech, and the two of them cut a covenant.
Then Abraham gave {some of his} sheep and cattle to Abimelech, and he and Abimelech made a {peace} treaty {with one another}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham set apart seven ewe lambs of the flock by themselves.
Abraham {also} separated seven female lambs from the rest of the flock.
So Abimelech said to Abraham, “What {are} they, these seven ewe lambs that you have set apart by themselves?”
So Abimelech asked him, “Why did you separate those seven lambs {from the rest of the flock}?”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he said, “Because you must take the seven ewe lambs from my hand, so that it can be a witness for me that I dug this well.”
Abraham replied, “Because I want you to accept them from me, to show {everyone} that you agree with me that I dug this well {and it belongs to me}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
For that {reason} he called that place Beersheba, because there the two of them swore an oath.
{Abimelech accepted the lambs,} so Abraham named that place Beersheba, {which means “Well of the Seven” or “Well of the Vow,”} because that’s where they both vowed {to live at peace with one another}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So they cut the covenant at Beersheba. Then Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, got up and returned to the land of the Philistines.
After Abraham and {King} Abimelech made their {peace} treaty at Beersheba, Abimelech and his army captain Phicol left {from there} and went back to {their homes in} the Philistines’ territory {that Abimelech ruled over}.
Then he planted a tamarisk tree at Beersheba, and there he called on the name of Yahweh, the God of eternity.
Then Abraham planted an {evergreen} tree {named} tamarisk at {the place called} Beersheba, and there he worshiped Yahweh, {who is} the God who lives forever.
Then Abraham sojourned in the land of the Philistines many days.
After that, Abraham lived {there} in the Philistines’ territory for many years.
Then it happened after those things that God tested Abraham. And he said to him, “Abraham!” And he said, “Behold me.”
Sometime later God {decided to} test Abraham. So he called to him, “Abraham!” Abraham replied, “Yes, {Lord}?”
Then he said, “Please take your son, your only {son} whom you love, Isaac, and go yourself to the land of Moriah, and sacrifice him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains that I will tell to you.”
Then God commanded {him}, “Take your son {with you}, {yes,} your only son Isaac whom you love, and travel {with him} to the region of Moriah. There you are to burn him up {on an altar} as a sacrifice {to me}, on one of the mountains that I will show to you.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So Abraham got up early in the morning and saddled his donkey. Then he took two of his young men with him and Isaac his son, and he cut wood for the burnt offering. Then he got up and left for the place that God had told to him.
So the next morning Abraham got up early and put a {pack} saddle on his donkey {to get it ready} {for the trip}. Then he got his son Isaac and two of his servants, and they chopped {some} {fire}wood that they would use to burn the sacrifice {and loaded it on the donkey}. Then they started traveling to the place that God had told Abraham {to go to}.
On the third day Abraham lifted his eyes and he saw the place from a distance.
Three days later Abraham looked {ahead} and in the distance he could see the mountain {where they were headed}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham said to his young men, “Stay here by yourselves with the donkey, and I and the boy will go over there and bow down. Then we will come back to you.”
Then he told his servants, “You {two} stay here with the donkey, while my son and I go {to the mountain} over there and worship {God}. Then we will come back to you.”
Then Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and put {it} on Isaac his son, and he took in his hand{s} the fire {pot} and the knife. Then the two of them went on together,
Then Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering {off the donkey} and loaded {it} on his son Isaac{’s shoulder} {to carry}. He {himself} carried a fire {pot} {with hot coals in it} and a knife {to kill the sacrifice}. Then the two of them walked on together.
(There are no questions for this verse)
and Isaac spoke to Abraham his father and said, “My father?” And he said, “Behold me, my son.” Then he said, “Behold the fire and the wood, but where {is} the lamb for the burnt offering?”
{As they walked,} Isaac said to Abraham, “Father?” Abraham replied, “Yes, my son?” Then Isaac asked {him}, “I see {that we have} the fire {coals} and the {fire}wood, but where {is} the lamb that {we} will burn as a sacrifice {to God}?”
And Abraham said, “God will see for himself the lamb for the burnt offering, my son.” Then the two of them went on together.
Abraham answered {him}, “My son, God himself will provide a lamb for us to burn as a sacrifice {to him}.” Then they continued walking together {toward the mountain}.
Then they came to the place that God had told to him, and there Abraham built the altar and arranged the wood. Then he bound Isaac his son and laid him on the altar, on top of the wood.
When they reached the place that God had told him {to go to}, Abraham built a {stone} altar there and put the wood {on top of it}. Then he tied his son Isaac{’s arms and legs} {with rope} and laid him on top of the wood on the altar.
Then Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to kill his son.
Then he picked up the knife {in order} to kill his son.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But an angel of Yahweh called to him from heaven and said, “Abraham! Abraham!” And he said, “Behold me.”
But one of Yahweh’s angels called to him from heaven, “Abraham! Abraham!” And he replied, “Yes, {Lord}?”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said, “Do not reach out your hand against the boy! And {do} not do anything to him, because now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your son, your only {son}, from me.”
Then the angel told {him}, “Do not harm your son or do anything {else} to him. Now I know that you revere me, since you {obeyed me and} did not refuse to sacrifice your son to me, {even though he is} your only son.”
Then Abraham lifted his eyes and looked, and behold, a ram {was} behind {him}, caught in the thicket by its horns. So Abraham went and took the ram, and sacrificed it as a burnt offering instead of his son.
Then Abraham looked around and there behind {him} he saw a ram that had its horns stuck in a bush. So he {released Isaac,} went {over to the ram} and untangled it. {Then he killed it} and burned it {on the altar} as a sacrifice {to God} in place of his son.
So Abraham called the name of that place Yahweh-Yireh, as it is said {to} this day, “On the mountain of Yahweh it will be seen.”
That is why Abraham named that place Yahweh-Yireh, {which means “Yahweh will provide”}. {Even} today people {still} say, “On Yahweh’s mountain he will provide what you need.”
Then the angel of Yahweh called to Abraham a second {time} from heaven
Then Yahweh’s angel called to Abraham from heaven again.
(There are no questions for this verse)
and said, “I swear by myself, a declaration of Yahweh, that it is because you have done this thing and have not withheld your son, your only {son},
He said, “This is what Yahweh declares {to you}: ‘With myself {as my own witness}, I vow {to you} that since you have obeyed me and did not hold back your son {from me}, {yes,} your only son,
that I will greatly bless you, and I will greatly multiply your offspring as the stars of the heavens and as the sand that {is} on the shore of the sea, and your offspring will possess the gate{s} of their enemies.
I will abundantly bless you. In fact, I will give you so many descendants {that they will be} {as numerous} as the stars in the sky and {as numerous} as the {grains of} sand on the seashore. They will defeat their enemies and rule over them.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And in your offspring all the nations of the earth will be blessed, because you listened to my voice.”
Through your descendants {I} will bless all the people groups on the earth. {I will do that} because you obeyed me.’ ”
Then Abraham returned to his young men, and they got up and went together to Beersheba. And Abraham stayed at Beersheba.
After that, Abraham returned {with Isaac} to his {two} servants. Then together they {all} traveled {back} {home} to {the city of} Beersheba, and Abraham {and his family} stayed there.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it happened after those things that it was told to Abraham, saying, “Behold, Milcah, she too, has born sons for Nahor your brother:
Sometime later someone told Abraham, “I have news {for you}: Your brother Nahor and {his wife} Milcah also have {some} sons,
(There are no questions for this verse)
Uz his firstborn and Buz his brother and Kemuel, the father of Aram,
The oldest son {is} Uz, {the second is} Buz, and {the third is} Kemuel, {who is} the father of Aram.
(There are no questions for this verse)
and Kesed and Hazo and Pildash and Jidlaph and Bethuel.”
{They also have sons named} Kesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Bethuel fathered Rebekah. Those {are} the eight {sons} Milcah bore for Nahor, the brother of Abraham.
Bethuel had {a daughter named} Rebekah. Those {are} the eight {sons} {that} Milcah had for Abraham’s brother Nahor.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And his concubine, and her name {was} Reumah, and she also bore Tebah and Gaham and Tahash and Maacah.
Besides that, Nahor and his servant-wife Reumah also had {some sons, including} Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now the life of Sarah was 127 years; the years of the life of Sarah.
Sarah lived to be 127 years old. That is how old she was
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Sarah died in Kiriath Arba, which {is} Hebron, in the land of Canaan. And Abraham went to mourn for Sarah and to weep for her.
when she died in {the city of} Kiriath Arba, which is {now called} Hebron, in the region of Canaan. Abraham went {to her} and cried and mourned for her.
Then Abraham got up from beside his dead one, and he spoke to the sons of Heth, saying,
Later he stood up from {mourning} beside her and {went} to {the leaders of} the Hittites {at the city gates} and said to them,
“I {am} a foreigner and a sojourner among you. Give to me property for a burial place among you, so that I can bury my dead from before me.”
“{As you know,} I {am} a foreigner who is living among you {so I do not own any property here}. {Please} sell me some of your land so I have a place to bury {the body of} my wife who has died.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the sons of Heth replied to Abraham, saying to him,
{The leaders of} the Hittites responded to Abraham,
“Listen to us, my lord. You {are} a mighty prince among us. Bury your dead in the choicest of our burial places. Each of us will not withhold from you his burial place to bury your dead.”
“Sir, {please} listen to what we propose: You are a powerful man {living} among us. {So} {you may} bury {the body of} your wife who has died in {any} one of our best burial sites. All of us are willing for you to use {any of} our burial sites to bury her.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham got up and bowed to the people of the land, to the sons of Heth,
Abraham stood up and bowed {in respect} in front of {the leaders of} the Hittites, who owned the land {in the area}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
and he said to them, saying, “If it is your will to bury my dead from before me, listen to me and intercede for me with Ephron, the son of Zohar,
Then he said to them, “If you are willing {for me} to bury my deceased {wife} {here}, {please} help me by asking Ephron the son of Zohar
(There are no questions for this verse)
so that he will give to me the cave of Machpelah, which {belongs} to him, which {is} at the end of his field. For full price let him give it to me among you as property for a burial place.”
to sell me his cave that is at the edge of his field in the Machpelah {area}. Ask him to sell it to me for its full price, with {all of} you {here} to witness {the sale}. That way I will have a place where I can bury {my wife who has died}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Ephron was sitting among the sons of Heth, so Ephron the Hittite responded to Abraham in the ears of the sons of Heth, for everyone who had come {to} the gate of his city, saying,
Now Ephron the Hittite was sitting {there at the meeting} among the {other} Hittite leaders, so he replied to Abraham as the {other} leaders listened, including everyone who had gathered {there} at the city gate. He said,
“No, my lord. Listen to me: I give to you the field, and I give to you the cave that {is} in it. I give it to you before the eyes of the sons of my people. Bury your dead.”
“That’s not necessary, sir. {Please} accept this offer: I {hereby} give you the {entire} field, including the cave that {is} in it. I am giving it to you {now} as the leaders of my people watch. {You may} bury your deceased {wife} {there}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham bowed before the people of the land,
Then Abraham bowed {again} before the leaders who owned the land {in the area}.
and he spoke to Ephron in the ears of the people of the land, saying, “But if you would, please listen to me. I will give the price of the field. Take it from me, and I will bury my dead there.”
As they listened, he said to Ephron, “Rather {than that}, since you are willing {to let me have the field}, please accept my offer. I want to pay {you} the {full} price for the field. {Please} let me buy it from you, so that {it will be mine and} I can bury {my wife} there who has died.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Ephron answered Abraham, saying to him,
Ephron responded to Abraham,
“My lord, listen to me. Land {worth} 400 shekels of silver, between me and you, what {is} that? So bury your dead.”
“Sir, {please} listen to me. The land {is worth} 400 shekels of silver. {However} since you and I are friends, there is no need for that. {Go ahead and} bury your deceased {wife} {there}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So Abraham listened to Ephron, and Abraham weighed out to Ephron the price that he had mentioned in the ears of the sons of Heth, 400 shekels of silver, the currency among the merchants.
Abraham agreed with Ephron’s price, and he paid Ephron the {amount of} silver that he had suggested while {the rest of} the Hittites listened. {Abraham weighed the} 400 shekels of silver using the standard weights that sellers used {at that time}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So the field of Ephron that {was} in Machpelah which {was} before Mamre, the field and the cave that {was} in it, and every tree that {was} in the field, that {was} within all of its surrounding borders, was deeded
So Ephron sold his field {to Abraham}, including the cave that {was} in the field, as well as all the trees that {were} inside its boundaries. The field was in the Machpelah {area} near {the city of} Mamre. {Ephron sold that field}
to Abraham as his possession before the eyes of the sons of Heth, before everyone who had come to the gate of his city.
to Abraham, and it became his property while the Hittites watched, including everyone who had gathered at the city gate.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then after that, Abraham buried Sarah his wife in the cave of the field of Machpelah before Mamre, which {is} Hebron, in the land of Canaan.
After that, Abraham put {the body of} his wife Sarah in the cave in that field in the Machpelah {area} east of {the city of} Mamre, that is, Hebron, in the region of Canaan.
So the field and the cave that {was} in it were deeded to Abraham as property for a burial place from the sons of Heth.
So {that is how} that field, including the cave that {was} in the field, was {officially} sold to Abraham by the Hittites, so that he had a place where he could bury {his wife who had died}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Abraham was old, advanced in days, and Yahweh had blessed Abraham in all {things}.
Abraham had lived a long time and was {now} {very} old, and Yahweh had blessed him in every way.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Abraham said to his oldest servant of his house, who was in charge of everything that {belonged} to him, “Please put your hand under my thigh,
{One day} Abraham said to his chief household servant, who managed his entire estate for him, “Please put your hand under my thigh {to show that you will do what I ask}.
and I will have you swear by Yahweh, the God of the heavens and the God of the earth, that you will not take a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites whom I am living among,
I want you to vow {to me}, with Yahweh the God who rules the heavens and the earth as your witness, that you will not arrange for my son {Isaac} to marry {any of} the Canaanite women who live around us here.
(There are no questions for this verse)
but you will go to my country and to my relatives, and take a wife for my son, for Isaac.”
Rather, you must go to the country where I grew up, to my relatives {who live there}, and find a wife for him {from there}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the servant said to him, “Suppose the woman is not willing to come with me to this land? Should I take your son back to the country that you came from?”
But {Abraham’s} servant asked him, “What {should I do} if the {young} woman {I find} refuses to come {back} with me to this land {to live}? Do you want me to take your son back {there} to your home country {to marry her} {and live there}?”
Then Abraham said to him, “Be sure that you do not take my son back there.
Abraham answered him, “{No,} be sure that you never take my son back there {to live},
(There are no questions for this verse)
Yahweh, the God of the heavens, who took me from the house of my father and from the land of my relatives and who spoke to me and who swore to me, saying, ‘To your offspring I will give this land,’ he will send his angel before you, and you will take a wife for my son from there.
{because} Yahweh, the God who rules the heavens, brought me {here} from my father’s household and from the land where {the rest of} my relatives live, and he vowed to me that he will give this land to my descendants. He will send one of his angels ahead of you {to help you}, so that you will find a woman from my home land for my son {to marry}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But if the woman is not willing to come with you, then you are clear from this oath of mine. Only do not take my son back there!”
But if the woman {you find} refuses to come back {here} with you, then you will be free from {keeping} this vow that you are making to me {now}. But {no matter what happens,} never take my son back to my home country!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the servant put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his master and swore to him concerning this matter.
So {Abraham’s} servant put his hand under his master’s thigh and vowed to him that he would do what Abraham had requested him to do.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the servant took ten camels from the camels of his master and left, and all {kinds of} good {things} from his master {were} in his hand, and he got up and went to Aram Naharaim, to the city of Nahor.
Then he got ten of his master’s camels ready {for the trip}, and after he loaded them with all kinds of valuable things from his master {to use as gifts}, he left {with some other servants} and made the {long} trip to {the region of} Aram Naharaim, to the city where Nahor lived.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he made the camels kneel down outside the city by the well of water at evening time, at the time the women who draw water come out.
{When they arrived there,} Abraham’s servant had the camels kneel down {to rest} outside the city near the well {that was there}. It was evening time, when the {young} women {of the city} were starting to come out {to the well} to draw water.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said, “Yahweh, God of my master Abraham, please cause it to happen before me today that you show kindness toward my master Abraham.
Then Abraham’s servant prayed, “{Dear} Yahweh, {who is} the God {who takes care} of my master Abraham, please help me succeed today and {in that way} be kind to my master.
Behold, I am standing by this spring of water, and the daughters of the people of the city are coming out to draw water.
As you see, I am standing by this well, and young women from the city are coming {here} to draw water.
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And let it be {that} the young woman whom I say to her, ‘Please let down your jar so that I may drink,’ and she says, ‘Drink and I will also water your camels,’ {let} her {be the one} you have appointed for your servant, for Isaac. And by her I will know that you have shown kindness toward my master.”
{Please} make it happen {that} when I say to one of the young women, ‘Please lower your jug so that I can have a drink,’ she will say {to me}, ‘Have a drink and I will also draw water for your camels.’ {Then I will know that} she {is the one} you have chosen to be the wife of Isaac who serves you, and that you have been kind to my master.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it happened before he had finished speaking, then behold, Rebekah was coming out, who was born to Bethuel, the son of Milcah, the wife of Nahor, the brother of Abraham. And her water jar {was} on her shoulder.
Before Abraham’s servant had {even} finished praying, he saw {a young woman named} Rebekah coming out {of the city} carrying a water jug on her shoulder. She was the daughter of Bethuel, {who was} the son of Milcah and Abraham’s brother Nahor.
And the young woman {was} a very beautiful-looking virgin, and a man had not known her. And she went down to the spring and filled her jar and came up.
She was a very beautiful unmarried young woman, who had never had {marital} relations with a man. She walked down to the well, filled her jug {with water} and came {back} up {carrying it on her shoulder}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the servant ran to meet her and said, “Please let me drink a little water from your jar.”
Then {Abraham’s} servant ran to meet her and said {to her}, “Please let me have a little water to drink from your jug.”
And she said, “Drink, my lord.” Then she hurried and lowered her jar to her hand{s} and gave him a drink.
She replied, “{Please} have a drink, sir.” Then she quickly lowered her jug {from her shoulder} to her hands and let him drink {some water} {from it}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And {after} she finished giving him a drink, then she said, “I will also draw water for your camels until they have finished drinking.”
After that, she said {to him}, “I will also draw water for your camels until they have had enough to drink.”
Then she hurried and emptied her jar into the trough and ran back to the well to draw water, and she drew water for all his camels.
Then she quickly emptied {the rest of the water from} her jug into the {animal drinking} trough {that was there} and ran back {and forth} to the well to draw {more water}, until she had drawn {enough} for all of the camels.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the man watched her silently to know whether Yahweh had made his journey succeed or not.
Meanwhile {Abraham’s} servant silently watched Rebekah {and waited} to find out whether or not Yahweh had made him successful on his journey {to find a wife for Isaac}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it happened, when the camels had finished drinking, then the man took out a gold nose ring, its weight a beka, and two gold bracelets for her arms, their weight ten shekels.
Finally, when the camels had finished drinking, the servant {gave Rebekah} a gold nose ring that weighed one beka, and two gold bracelets for her wrists that weighed ten shekels {each}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he said, “Whose daughter {are} you? Please tell me. Is there a place at the house of your father for us to lodge?”
Then he asked {her}, “Please tell me who your father {is}. {Also,} is there room at his house for me and my men to spend the night {there}?”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then she said to him, “I {am} the daughter of Bethuel, the son of Milcah, whom she bore for Nahor.”
Rebekah answered him, “My father {is} Bethuel, {and he is} one of Nahor and Milcah’s sons.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then she said to him, “Plenty of both straw and fodder {are} with us. {There is} also a place to lodge.”
Then she added, “We have plenty of both straw and {other} feed {at our house} {for the camels to eat}, {and there is} also {enough} room {for you all} to stay {there} tonight.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the man bowed down and prostrated himself before Yahweh,
Then the servant bowed to the ground and worshiped Yahweh,
and said, “Praised be Yahweh, the God of my master Abraham, who has not abandoned his kindness and his faithfulness toward my master. {As for} me, Yahweh has led me on the road {to} the home of the relatives of my master!”
by saying, “Praise Yahweh, the God {who takes care} of my master Abraham! He has never stopped being kind and faithful to my master, and he has guided me on {my} journey {here} {to} the home of my master’s relatives!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the young woman ran and announced to the household of her mother about those things.
Then Rebekah hurried {home} and told her mother’s family about what had happened.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Rebekah had a brother, and his name {was} Laban, and Laban ran to the man outside at the spring.
Rebekah had a brother whose name {was} Laban, and he rushed out to the well where Abraham’s servant was.
And it was when he had seen the nose ring and the bracelets on the arms of his sister, and when he had heard the words of Rebekah his sister, saying, “This {is} what the man said to me,” then he went to the man, and behold, he was standing by the camels at the spring.
As soon as Laban had seen the nose ring {that his sister was wearing} and the bracelets on her arms and had heard her announce what the servant had said to her, he went {out} to meet him. He found him standing with {his} camels at the well.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said, “Come, blessed of Yahweh. Why are you standing out here? For I have prepared the house and a place for the camels.”
Then Laban said {to him}, “Come {with me}, you whom Yahweh has blessed. There is no need for you to stand out here. I have gotten our house ready {for you and your men to stay with us} and {there is also} a place for {your} camels {to stay}.”
So the man went to the house. Then he unloaded the camels and gave straw and fodder to the camels, and water to wash his feet and the feet of the men who {were} with him.
So Abraham’s servant went home {with Laban}. {When they arrived there,} Laban unloaded the camels, and he gave straw and {other} feed to them {to eat}. {He} also {gave} water {to the servant} and the men who {were} with him to wash their feet.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then food was set before him to eat, but he said, “I will not eat until I have spoken my words.” So he said, “Speak.”
Then {Laban’s family} served them a meal to eat, but the servant said {to them}, “Before I can eat, I need to tell {you} why I am here.” Laban responded {to him}, “{Please} tell {us} {what you have to say}.”
Then he said, “I {am} a servant of Abraham.
So the servant told {them}, “I am Abraham’s servant.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Yahweh has greatly blessed my master, so that he has become great. And he has given him flock{s} and herd{s}, and silver and gold, and men slaves and women slaves, and camels and donkeys.
Yahweh has abundantly blessed my master, so that he has become wealthy. Yahweh has given him {many} sheep and cattle, {much} silver and gold, {many} male and female servants, and {many} camels and donkeys.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Sarah, the wife of my master, bore a son for my master after her old age, and he has given to him everything that {belongs} to him.
Besides that, my master’s wife Sarah gave birth to a son for him when she was old, and my master has given him everything that he owns.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And my master made me swear, saying, ‘You must not take a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites whose land I am living in,
{Before I came here,} my master made me vow {to do something for him}. He said, ‘You must not arrange for my son {Isaac} to marry {any of} the Canaanite women whose land we have been living in.
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but rather you must go to the house of my father, and to my clan, and take a wife for my son.’
Rather, go to my father’s family, to my {own} relatives, and find a wife for my son {from among them}.’
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then I said to my master, ‘Suppose the woman will not come with me?’
So I asked my master, ‘What {should I do} if the {young} woman {I find} refuses to come {back} {here} with me?’
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he said to me, ‘Yahweh, whom I walk before, will send his angel with you and make your journey succeed, so that you will take a wife for my son from my clan, and from the house of my father.
He answered me, ‘Yahweh whom I serve will send one of his angels with you. He will make you succeed on your journey, so that you will find a wife for my son from {among} my relatives, {someone} from my father’s family.
Then you will be clear from my oath: When you go to my clan, and if they will not give her to you, then you will be clear from my oath.’
At that time you will be free from {keeping} the vow {you are making} to me: If you find a wife for Isaac but my family refuses to let her go with you, then you will be free from {keeping} your vow to me.’
(There are no questions for this verse)
“Then today I came to the spring, and I said, ‘Yahweh, God of my master Abraham, if it is your will, please make my journey succeed that I have come on.
“Then today when I came to {your city’s} well, I prayed, ‘{Dear} Yahweh, {who is} the God {who takes care} of my master Abraham, if you are willing, please give me success on this journey that I have made.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Behold, I am standing by {this} spring of water. And let it be {that} the young woman who comes out to draw {water} and I say to her, “Please give me a little water to drink from your jar,”
As you see, I am standing {here} near {this} well. {Please} make it happen {that} when a young woman comes out {of the city} to draw water and I ask her, “Please let me drink a little water from your jug,”
(There are no questions for this verse)
and she says to me, “Both you drink and I will also draw water for your camels,” {let} her {be} the wife whom Yahweh has chosen for the son of my master.’
if she replies, “{Yes,} have a drink and I will also draw water for your camels,” {then} {let} her {be} the woman whom {you} Yahweh have chosen to be the wife of my master’s son.’
(There are no questions for this verse)
“Before I had finished speaking in my heart, then behold, Rebekah was coming out and her jar {was} on her shoulder. And she went down to the spring and drew water, and I said to her, ‘Please give me a drink.’
“Before I had {even} finished praying quietly, suddenly I saw Rebekah coming out {of the city} carrying her {empty} {water} jug on her shoulder. She walked down to the well and filled her jug with water, so I asked her, ‘May I please have a drink {of water}?’
(There are no questions for this verse)
And she hurried and lowered her jar from her and said, ‘Drink and I will also water your camels.’ So I drank, and she also watered the camels.
She quickly lowered her jug from her {shoulder} and said, ‘Have a drink, and I will also draw water for your camels.’ So I took a drink {from her jug}, and she also gave water to my camels.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then I asked her and said, ‘Whose daughter {are} you?’ And she said, ‘The daughter of Bethuel, a son of Nahor whom Milcah bore for him.’ Then I put the ring on her nose and the bracelets on her arms.
Then I asked her, ‘Who {is} your father?’ She answered, ‘My father is Bethuel, {who is} one of Nahor and Milcah’s sons.’ After that I gave her a nose ring and bracelets to wear.
And I bowed down and prostrated myself before Yahweh, and I praised Yahweh, the God of my master Abraham, who led me on the right way to take the daughter of my master’s brother for his son.
Then I bowed {to the ground} and worshiped and praised Yahweh, the God {who takes care} of my master Abraham, because he guided me right where I should go to find the granddaughter of my master’s brother {to be the wife} for my master’s son.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And now if it is your will to show kindness and faithfulness to my master, tell me. But if not, tell me, so that I will turn to the right or to the left.”
So now, {please} tell me whether or not you are willing to be kind and faithful to my master {by letting her come with me}, so that I can decide what to do {next}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Laban and Bethuel answered and said, “The thing has come from Yahweh; we are not able to tell you bad or good.
Then Laban and Bethuel answered {Abraham’s servant}, “{It is clear that} Yahweh has made {all} this happen, {so} it is not our place to tell you anything different.
Behold, Rebekah {is} before you. Take her and go, and let her be the wife of the son of your master, as Yahweh has spoken.”
Look, here {is} Rebekah. Take {her with you} and return {home} so that she can marry your master’s son as Yahweh has guided.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it happened, when the servant of Abraham heard their words, then he bowed down to the ground before Yahweh.
When Abraham’s servant heard what they said, he bowed to the ground {and thanked} Yahweh.
Then the servant brought out jewelry of silver and jewelry of gold, and clothing, and gave them to Rebekah. And he gave valuable things to her brother and to her mother.
Then he took out {expensive gifts, including} silver and gold jewelry, and {also} {beautiful} clothing, and gave {them} to Rebekah. He {also} gave {valuable} gifts to her brother and mother.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he and the men who {were} with him ate and drank and lodged. Then in the morning they got up, and he said, “Send me to my master.”
Then Abraham’s servant and his men ate {supper} and slept {there} that night. {Early} the next morning after everyone got up, Abraham’s servant said {to Rebekah’s family}, “{Please} let me return {home} {now} to my master.”
But her brother and her mother said, “Let the young woman stay with us a few days, at least ten. After that she will go.”
But Rebekah’s brother and her mother replied, “{Please} let the young woman stay {here} with us {for another} ten days or so. Then you can go and take her {with you}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
But he said to them, “Do not detain me, since Yahweh has made my journey succeed. Send me off so that I will go to my master.”
But the servant said to them, “{Please} do not delay me. Now that Yahweh has made my journey successful, let me go so that I can return to my master.”
Then they said, “Let’s call for the young woman and ask her mouth.”
So they replied, “Let’s call Rebekah and ask her what she wants to do.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So they called for Rebekah and said to her, “Will you go with this man?” And she said, “I will go.”
So they called for her and asked her, “Do you want to go {now} with this man?” She answered {them}, “{Yes,} I will go {now}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then they sent off Rebekah their sister and her nurse and the servant of Abraham and his men.
So they {agreed to} send their sister Rebekah and her {personal} servant {who had helped raise her}, with Abraham’s servant and his companions.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they blessed Rebekah and said to her, “Our sister, may you become thousands of myriads, and may your offspring possess the gates of {those} hating them!”
They blessed Rebekah by saying to her, “Sister, we pray that God will give you countless thousands {of descendants}, and that he will help them conquer {all} their enemies and rule over them!”
Then Rebekah got up and her maids, and they mounted the camels and went with the man. So the servant took Rebekah and left.
After Rebekah and her servants {who were going with her} packed their things, they got up on the camels {they were going to ride} and went with Abraham’s servant. So {Abraham’s} servant took Rebekah {with him} and started the journey {back} {home}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Meanwhile Isaac came from going to Beer Lahai Roi, and he was living in the land of the Negev.
Meanwhile Isaac returned {home} from visiting {the place called} Beer Lahai Roi. {At that time} he was living in the Negev {Wilderness}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Isaac went to meditate in the field as it was turning toward evening, and he lifted his eyes and saw that, behold, camels were coming.
{One day} as it was becoming evening, he went to the field to pray. {As he was praying,} he looked up and suddenly he saw {in the distance} {some} camels coming {toward him}.
And Rebekah lifted her eyes and saw Isaac. Then she dismounted from the camel,
Rebekah {also} looked up and saw Isaac. Immediately she got down from the camel {that she was riding},
and she said to the servant, “Who {is} that man in the field who is coming to meet us?” And the servant said, “He {is} my master.” So she took the veil and covered herself.
and asked {Abraham’s} servant, “Who is that man in the field who is walking {this way} to greet us?” The servant answered {her}, “He {is} my master {Isaac}.” So she covered her face with a veil {to show modesty}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the servant reported to Isaac all the things that he had done.
Then the servant told Isaac everything that he had done {on the journey}.
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Then Isaac brought her into the tent of Sarah his mother, and he took Rebekah, and she became a wife to him. And Isaac loved her, and he was comforted after his mother.
Then Isaac took Rebekah into the tent where his mother Sarah had lived, and he married her, so that she became his wife. Isaac loved her, and he was happy again after {mourning for} his mother {who had died}.
Then Abraham added and took a wife, and her name {was} Keturah.
Then Abraham got married again, and his wife’s name {was} Keturah.
And she bore for him Zimran and Jokshan and Medan and Midian and Ishbak and Shuah.
She had sons with him {whom they named} Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Jokshan fathered Sheba and Dedan. And the descendants of Dedan were the Asshurim and the Letushim and the Leummim.
{Her son} Jokshan had {sons named} Sheba and Dedan. Dedan’s descendants became {people groups named} the Asshurites, Letushites, and Leummites.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the sons of Midian {were} Ephah and Epher and Hanoch and Abida and Eldaah. All of those {were} the descendants of Keturah.
{Keturah’s son} Midian had sons {named} Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. All of those {were} Keturah’s descendants {whom she had with Abraham}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Abraham gave everything that {belonged} to him to Isaac.
Abraham gave everything that he owned to Isaac.
And to the sons of the concubines who {belonged} to Abraham, Abraham gave gifts, and while he was still alive he sent them eastward to the land of Kedem, away from Isaac his son.
He also gave {valuable} gifts to the sons that his servant wives had {with him}, but after that he made them move away to the east country {so that they would live} far away from his son Isaac.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And these {are} the days of the years of the life of Abraham that he lived: 175 years.
Abraham lived to be 175 years old.
Then Abraham exhaled and died at a good old age, elderly and full, and he was gathered to his people.
Then he took his last breath and died at a very old age. After he had lived a long and satisfying life, he joined his ancestors {who had already died}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Isaac and Ishmael his sons buried him in the cave of Machpelah, in the field of Ephron the son of Zohar the Hittite, which {was} before Mamre,
His sons Isaac and Ishmael put his body in the cave of Machpelah {which was} in the field that had belonged to Ephron the son of Zohar the Hittite, east of {the city of} Mamre.
the field that Abraham had bought from the sons of Heth. There Abraham was buried, and Sarah his wife.
{That is} the {same} field that Abraham had bought from the Hittites. That is {the cave} where his sons buried his body next to {the body of} his wife Sarah {whom he had buried there before}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And it happened after the death of Abraham, then God blessed Isaac his son. And Isaac lived near Beer Lahai Roi.
After Abraham died, God blessed his son Isaac, who lived near {the well} Beer Lahai Roi.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now these {are} the generations of Ishmael the son of Abraham, whom Hagar the Egyptian, the maidservant of Sarah, had born for Abraham.
What follows {is} a record of the descendants of Abraham’s son Ishmael, the son Abraham had with Sarah’s Egyptian slave woman Hagar.
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And these {are} the names of the sons of Ishmael, by their names according to their births: the firstborn of Ishmael {was} Nebaioth, then Kedar and Adbeel and Mibsam
Here is {a list of} the names of Ishmael’s sons, {given} in the order that they were born: His oldest {son} {was} Nebaioth, followed by Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam,
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and Mishma and Dumah and Massa,
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Hadad and Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedermah.
Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedermah.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Those {were} the sons of Ishmael, and those {are} their names by their settlements and by their camps, twelve rulers according to their tribes.
Those were Ishmael’s {twelve} sons, who became the leaders of twelve tribes that were named after them, and each tribe lived in its {own} towns and villages.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And these {are} the years of the life of Ishmael: 137 years. Then he exhaled and died, and he was gathered to his people.
Ishmael lived a total of 137 years. Then he took his last breath and died, and he joined his ancestors {who had died before him}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they settled from Havilah to Shur that {is} near Egypt as you go toward Asshur. He fell in the face of all his brothers.
His descendants lived {throughout the area that extended} from {the region of} Havilah to {the wilderness of} Shur that {is} east of {the country of} Egypt as you head {from there} to {the city of} Asshur. They lived as enemies against all their relatives.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And these {are} the generations of Isaac the son of Abraham: Abraham fathered Isaac,
Here {is} {more of} the history about Abraham’s son Isaac and his descendants: {After} Abraham had Isaac,
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then Isaac was a son of forty years when he took Rebekah for himself as a wife, the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean from Paddan Aram, the sister of Laban the Aramean.
Isaac {grew up and} married Rebekah when he was forty years old. {She was} a daughter of Bethuel, {who was} an Aramean from {the region of} Paddan Aram, and her brother was Laban {who was also} an Aramean.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Isaac entreated Yahweh on behalf of his wife because she {was} barren. So Yahweh was entreated by him, and Rebekah his wife conceived.
However {for many years} Rebekah was not able to become pregnant, so Isaac prayed that Yahweh would give her children. Yahweh did what Isaac prayed for, so that she became pregnant {with twins}.
And the children struggled against each other inside her, so she said, “Why {is this} so? Why {am} I {like} this?” And she went to inquire of Yahweh.
But the {two} babies wrestled with each other inside her, so she asked, “Why is this happening to me?” Then she asked Yahweh about it.
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And Yahweh said to her, “Two nations {are} inside your womb, and two peoples will be divided from inside your womb. And one people will be stronger than the other people, and the older will serve the younger.”
Yahweh answered her, “{The ancestors of} two {future} people groups {are} inside you. They will be enemies {starting now} even before they are born. One of them will be more powerful than the other, so that the older {son’s descendants} will serve the younger {son’s descendants}.”
Then her days were fulfilled to deliver, and behold, twins {were} inside her womb.
Later when it was time {for Rebekah} to give birth, sure enough, {there were} twin boys inside her!
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And the first came out red; all of him {was} like a garment of hair, so they called his name Esau.
The first {one} who was born was completely covered with thick red hair. So his parents named him Esau, {which means “hairy.”}
Then after that, his brother came out, and his hand was grabbing on to the heel of Esau, so he called his name Jacob. And Isaac {was} a son of sixty years when she bore them.
Next his brother was born, with his hand grabbing on {tightly} to Esau’s heel. So they named him Jacob, {which means “heel-grabber.”} Isaac {was} sixty years old when Esau and Jacob were born.
Then the boys grew up, and Esau became a man who knew hunting, a man of the field, and Jacob {was} a quiet man who stayed among the tents.
When the boys grew up, Esau became a skilled hunter and he enjoyed {being} in the open country, but Jacob had a quiet personality and {preferred} to work at home.
And Isaac loved Esau, because {he liked} game meat in his mouth, but Rebekah loved Jacob.
Isaac’s favorite son was Esau, because he liked to eat the meat of wild animals {that Esau hunted}, whereas Rebekah’s favorite son was Jacob.
Now Jacob was cooking stew, and Esau came in from the field, and he {was} exhausted.
{One day} when Jacob was making {some} soup, Esau came home from {hunting out in} the open country and he {felt} weak {and hungry}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Esau said to Jacob, “Please let me devour some of that very red stuff because I {am} exhausted!” For that {reason} they called his name Edom.
So Esau requested from Jacob, “Please let me have some of that very red soup because I {feel} weak {and hungry}!” That is why Esau’s nickname was Edom, {which means “red.”}
But Jacob said, “On this day sell your birthright to me.”
But Jacob replied, “First trade your rights as the oldest son to me {for the soup,} {then I will give you some}.”
And Esau said, “Behold, I am about to die! So for what use {is} that to me, a birthright?”
Esau responded, “Look, I am about to die {from hunger}! So my birthright is of no use to me {right now}.”
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But Jacob said, “Swear to me on this day!” So he swore to him and sold his birthright to Jacob.
Jacob insisted, “{First} make a vow to me today {before God} {that your rights are now mine}!” So Esau vowed to Jacob that he had traded his rights as the oldest son to him {for the soup}.
Then Jacob gave to Esau bread and lentil stew, and he ate and drank, and got up and left. So Esau despised his birthright.
Then Jacob gave Esau {some of} the lentil soup with {some} bread, and Esau {quickly} ate the meal and left. In that way, Esau treated his birthright {carelessly} as if it had no value.
Then there was a famine in the land, besides the earlier famine that was in the days of Abraham. So Isaac went to Abimelech, the king of the Philistines, to Gerar.
Now there was {another} severe food shortage in the region. {This was} a different shortage from the one that had happened {years} before, while Abraham was still alive. So Isaac {and his family} went to {the city of} Gerar to {ask for help from} King Abimelech, who ruled over the Philistines.
Then Yahweh appeared to him and said, “Do not go down to Egypt; live in the land that I tell you.
Then Yahweh appeared to Isaac and commanded {him}, “Do not go to {the country of} Egypt, {rather} stay in this land where I tell you {to live}.
Sojourn in this land, and I will be with you and bless you. For to you and to your offspring I will give all these lands, and I will confirm the oath that I swore to Abraham your father.
Live {as a foreigner} in this region, and I will stay with you and prosper you. In fact, I will give all the {surrounding} regions to you and your descendants, and I will continue {to keep} the vow that I made to your father Abraham
And I will multiply your offspring as the stars of the heavens, and I will give to your offspring all these lands. And in your offspring all the nations of the earth will be blessed,
that I will make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky. I will also give them all these regions. In fact, through your descendants {I} will bless all the people groups on the earth.
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because Abraham obeyed my voice and kept my requirements, my commands, my decrees, and my laws.”
{I will do all that} because Abraham obeyed me and did everything that I ever commanded {him} {to do}.”
So Isaac stayed in Gerar.
Then Isaac {did what God said and} settled {with his family} in {the city of} Gerar.
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Then the men of the place asked about his wife, and he said, “She {is} my sister,” because he was afraid to say, “{She is} my wife.” {He thought,} “Lest the men of the place kill me on account of Rebekah, because she {is} beautiful of appearance.”
Now Rebekah {was} very beautiful, so the men in that city started asking {Isaac} about her. Isaac was afraid they might kill him in order to have her, so he {lied and} told {them} she {was} his sister.
Then it happened, when the days had been long for him there, then Abimelech the king of the Philistines looked down from a window and saw that, behold, Isaac was laughing with Rebekah his wife.
{One day} after Isaac had lived there a long time, the Philistines’ King Abimelech looked down from a window {of his palace} and saw to his surprise that Isaac was showing affection to his wife Rebekah.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So Abimelech called for Isaac and said, “Behold, she {is} really your wife! So how could you say, ‘She {is} my sister’?” And Isaac said to him, “Because I said, ‘I might die because of her.’ ”
So Abimelech summoned Isaac and scolded {him}, “It is obvious that Rebekah {is} actually your wife! So why did you tell us that she {is} your sister?” Isaac answered him, “{I said that} because I thought someone might kill me in order to have her {as a wife}.”
Then Abimelech said, “What {is} this you have done to us? One of the people might easily have lain with your wife, and you would have brought guilt on us!”
Then Abimelech scolded {him} {further}, “You have treated us very badly! Sooner or later, one of my men could have slept with your wife, and you would have caused us to be guilty {of adultery}!”
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Then Abimelech ordered all the people by saying, “Whoever touches this man or his wife will surely be killed!”
Then {King} Abimelech warned all {his} people, “I will definitely execute anyone who harms Isaac or his wife!”
Then Isaac sowed seeds in that land, and in that year he obtained a hundredfold, and Yahweh blessed him.
Isaac planted crops in that area, and that year he gathered {a huge harvest that was} a hundred times {more than what he had planted}. Yahweh continued to bless him,
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And the man became great, and he continued to become even greater until he was exceedingly great.
so that he became richer and richer until he was extremely wealthy.
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And he had possession of flocks and possession of herds and many servants. So the Philistines envied him,
He owned many sheep and cattle and {he also owned} many servants. As a result, the Philistines were jealous of Isaac.
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and the Philistines stopped up all the wells that the servants of his father had dug in the days of Abraham his father and filled them with dirt.
So they filled up with dirt all the wells that the servants of his father Abraham had dug while he was {still} alive.
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Then Abimelech said to Isaac, “Go away from us, because you are more powerful than we {are}.”
Then {King} Abimelech said to Isaac, “{Please} move away from us, because you are so powerful {that you are a threat} to us.”
So Isaac went from there and camped in the Valley of Gerar and settled there.
So Isaac moved from {the city of} Gerar and pitched his tents in the Gerar Valley and stayed there {for a while}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Isaac returned and dug out the water wells that they had dug in the days of Abraham his father and {that} the Philistines had stopped up after the death of Abraham, and he called them names like the names that his father had called them.
Then Isaac {had his servants} dig the dirt out of the wells that Abraham’s servants had dug and {that} the Philistines had {just} filled {with dirt}. He gave the wells the same names that his father had given them.
Then the servants of Isaac dug in the valley and found a well of living water there.
Next Isaac’s servants dug {at a new place} in the valley and discovered a source of fresh water there.
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But the herdsmen of Gerar quarreled with the herdsmen of Isaac, saying, “The water {belongs} to us!” So he called the name of the well Esek, because they disputed with him.
But the herdsmen from {the city of} Gerar argued with Isaac’s herdsmen and said, “That well is ours!” So Isaac named the well Esek, {which means “argument,”} because they argued with him {about it}.
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Then they dug another well, but they quarreled over it too, so he called its name Sitnah.
Then Isaac’s servants dug another well, but Gerar’s herdsmen argued {with them} about that one too, so Isaac named it Sitnah, {which means “hostility.”}
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Then he moved from there and he dug another well, and they did not quarrel over it, so he called its name Rehoboth, and he said, “Because now Yahweh has made space for us, and we will be fruitful in the land.”
Then Isaac {and his family} moved from there and he {had his servants} dig a third well. {This time} Gerar’s herdsmen did not argue about it, so he named it Rehoboth, {which means “space,”} because he said, “Finally Yahweh has provided space for us, so that we will prosper in the land.”
Then from there he went up to Beersheba.
From there Isaac {and his family} went south to {the city of} Beersheba.
And Yahweh appeared to him during that night and said, “I {am} the God of Abraham your father. Do not be afraid, because I {am} with you. And I will bless you and multiply your offspring for the sake of Abraham my servant.”
That night Yahweh appeared to him and said {to him}, “I {am} the God whom your father Abraham serves. Do not be afraid, because I {will always be} with you. I will bless you and make your descendants numerous, just as {I promised} to Abraham, who serves me.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he built an altar there and called on the name of Yahweh. And he pitched his tents there, and the servants of Isaac dug a well there.
So Isaac built an altar there {at Beersheba} and worshiped Yahweh by name. He also set up his tents there, and his servants started digging {another} well there {too}.
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Then Abimelech came to him from Gerar, and Ahuzzath his friend, and Phicol the commander of his army.
Then {King} Abimelech went to Isaac from {the city of} Gerar with his adviser Ahuzzath and his army commander Phicol.
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And Isaac said to them, “Why have you come to me, since you hate me, and you sent me away from you?”
Isaac asked them, “Why have you come to me, {especially} since you have been hostile toward me and forced me to move away from you?”
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And they said, “We have clearly seen that Yahweh has been with you, so we said, ‘There should be an oath between us’—between us and you. So let us cut a covenant with you,
They answered {him}, “It is very obvious to us that Yahweh is with you {and blessing you}, and we decided that we should make a vow with you {to live in peace with one another}. So {please} let us make a {peace} treaty with you,
that you will not do evil against us, just as we did not touch you, and just as we did only good to you and sent you away in peace. Now you are blessed by Yahweh.”
that you will never harm us, just as we never harmed you, but only treated you well and sent you away in peace. {As a result,} Yahweh has now blessed you.”
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Then he made a feast for them, and they ate and drank.
Then Isaac prepared a feast, and they {all} ate and drank {together}.
Then they got up early in the morning and swore to each other. Then Isaac sent them on their way, and they left from him in peace.
Early the next morning they got up and made vows to one another {that they would keep their treaty}. Then Isaac said goodbye to them, and they went home from him in peace.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it happened on that day, the servants of Isaac came and told him about the matter of the well that they had dug and said to him, “We have found water!”
That {same} day Isaac’s servants came to inform him about the well that they had been digging and announced, “We have struck water!”
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So he called it Shibah. For that {reason} the name of the city {is} Beersheba to this day.
So Isaac named the well Shebah, {which means “vow.”} That is why {even} today the name of that city {is} still Beersheba, {which means “well of the vow.”}
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Esau was a son of forty years, and he took {as} a wife Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Basemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite.
When Esau was forty years old, he married {two} Hittite women: Judith, whose father was Beeri, and Basemath, whose father was Elon.
And they were a grief of mind to Isaac and Rebekah.
Isaac and Rebekah were very distressed that their son had married foreign women {rather than a woman from their own religion and people group}.
Then it happened, when Isaac was old and his eyes were too dim to see, then he called Esau, his older son, and said to him, “My son.” And he said to him, “Behold me.”
One day when Isaac was an old man and he could no longer see, he sent for his older son Esau and said to him, “My son.” Esau answered him, “Yes, {sir}?”
Then he said, “Behold, please, I am old; I do not know the day of my death.
Then Isaac told {him}, “Please listen {closely}: I am an old man {now} {and} I do not know when I will die.
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So now, please take your weapons, your quiver, and your bow, and go out {in} the field and hunt game for me.
So then, get your bow and arrows, go out in the open country and hunt {some} deer {meat} for me.
Then prepare tasty food for me such as I love, and bring it to me so I can eat it, so that my soul can bless you before I die.”
Next {use the meat to} cook a delicious meal for me the way that I like it, and bring it to me to eat so that I can bless you before I die.”
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And Rebekah was listening while Isaac spoke to Esau his son. Then Esau went {to} the field to hunt game to bring it back.
Rebekah overheard what Isaac said to his son Esau. So after Esau had gone out to the open country to hunt,
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Then Rebekah said to Jacob her son, saying, “Behold, I heard your father speaking to Esau your brother, saying,
she said to her son Jacob, “Listen, I {just} overheard your father tell your brother Esau
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‘Bring game for me and prepare tasty food for me so that I can eat it and I can bless you in the presence of Yahweh, before my death.’
to get him {some} deer {meat} and {use it to} cook a delicious meal for him to eat. Then before he dies, he wants to bless Esau with Yahweh as his witness.
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So now, my son, listen to my voice, to what I command you.
So then, my son, listen to me and do what I tell you {to do}.
Please go to the flock and bring to me from there two good kids of the goats so that I will prepare from them tasty food for your father such as he loves.
Please go {out} to our flock {of goats} and get for me two of the best young goats. I will {use the meat from them to} cook a delicious meal for your father, {just} the way that he likes it.
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Then you take it to your father, and he will eat {it}, so that he will bless you before his death.”
Then you can take the meal to your father to eat, so that he will bless you before he dies.”
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Then Jacob said to Rebekah his mother, “Behold, Esau my brother {is} a hairy man, but I {am} a smooth man.
But Jacob responded to his mother, “As you know, my brother Esau has hairy skin, but I have smooth skin.
Suppose my father touches me? Then I will be in his eyes as a deceiver, and I will bring a curse on me and not a blessing.”
What if my father feels my skin? He will {recognize me and} realize that I am trying to deceive him. Then he will curse me instead of blessing me.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
But his mother said to him, “Let your curse be on me, my son. Just listen to my voice, and go get {them} for me.”
But his mother replied, “{If that happens,} may God curse me instead of you, my son. Just listen to me, and go get {two goats} for me!”
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So he went and got {them} and brought {them} to his mother. Then his mother prepared tasty food such as his father loved.
So Jacob went {to the flock} and selected {two goats} and took {them} to her. Then she cooked a delicious meal the way that his father liked it.
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Then Rebekah took the best clothes of Esau her older son that {were} with her in the house and put them on Jacob her younger son.
She also got her older son Esau’s finest clothes that she had in the house and had her younger son Jacob put them on.
And she put the skins of the kid goats over his hands and over the smooth part of his neck.
And she used the goat skins to cover Jacob’s arms and the part of his neck that had no hair {on it}.
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Then she gave the tasty food and the bread that she had made into the hand{s} of Jacob her son,
Then she handed the delicious meal to Jacob, including some bread that she had baked.
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and he went to his father and said, “My father.” And he said, “Behold me. Who {are} you, my son?”
He took the meal to his father and said, “Father.” His father answered, “Yes? Which of my sons {are} you?”
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Then Jacob said to his father, “I {am} Esau, your firstborn. I have done as you told me. Please get up, sit and eat some of my game, so that your soul will bless me.”
Jacob replied to his father, “I am Esau, your oldest son. I have done what you requested me {to do}. {So now} please sit up and eat some of the deer {meat} that I have cooked {for you}, so that you can bless me.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Isaac said to his son, “How {is} this you were quick to find {it}, my son?” And he said, “Because Yahweh your God caused {it} to happen before me.”
But Isaac asked him, “How were you able to find {the deer} so quickly, my son?” Jacob answered, “Yahweh, {who is} the God who takes care of you, helped me to succeed.”
Then Isaac said to Jacob, “Please come close, so that I can touch you, my son, {and know} whether you are really my son Esau or not.”
Then Isaac said to him, “My son, please come here so that I can feel you and make sure that you are really my son Esau.”
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So Jacob went close to Isaac his father, and he touched him and said, “The voice {is} the voice of Jacob, but the hands {are} the hands of Esau.”
So Jacob stepped closer to his father Isaac, and his father felt him and thought {to himself}, “{Hmm,} his voice {sounds like} Jacob’s voice, but {his} arms {feel like} Esau’s arms.”
So he did not recognize him, because his hands were hairy like the hands of Esau his brother, and he was about to bless him.
So Isaac was not able to identify who Jacob was because his arms felt hairy like his brother Esau’s. Isaac was about to bless Jacob,
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But he said, “{Are} you really my son Esau?” And he said, “I {am}.”
but {first} {he wanted to be completely sure, so} he asked {him}, “Are you really my son Esau?” Jacob answered, “{Yes,} I am.”
Then he said, “Bring {the food} to me, and I will eat some of my son’s game, so that my soul will bless you.” Then he brought {it} to him, and he ate; and he brought wine to him, and he drank.
So Isaac said {to him}, “Serve me {the meal} so that I can eat some of your deer meat and bless you.” Then Jacob served {the meal} to his father and he ate {it}. Jacob also served him wine and he drank {it}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Isaac his father said to him, “Please come close and kiss me, my son.”
Then Isaac said to Jacob, “Come here and kiss me, my son.”
So he went close and kissed him. And he smelled the smell of his clothes, so he blessed him and said, “See, the smell of my son {is} like the smell of a field that Yahweh has blessed!
So Jacob went over {to his father} and kissed him {on the cheeks}. {As he did that,} his father recognized the fragrance of Esau’s clothes, so he blessed him and said, “Ahh, my son, you smell {wonderful} like the fragrance of a field that Yahweh has caused to flourish!
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And may God give to you from the dew of the heavens and from the fatness of the earth, and an abundance of grain and wine.
I ask God to provide you {and your descendants} {plenty of} rain from the sky {for your crops and animals} and riches from the earth, including abundant harvests and {much} wine.
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May peoples serve you, and may nations bow down to you. Be master over your brothers, and may the sons of your mother bow down to you. {May} those {who} curse you be cursed, and {may} those {who} bless you be blessed.”
I also ask God to cause nations to serve and honor you {and your descendants}. You will rule over your brother’s descendants, and they will {submit to you and} bow down to you. Whoever curses you {God} will curse, but whoever blesses you {he} will bless.”
Then it happened, just as Isaac finished blessing Jacob, and it happened, scarcely had Jacob just left from the presence of Isaac his father, then Esau his brother came in from his hunt.
As soon as Isaac had finished blessing Jacob, and right after Jacob had left his father’s presence, Jacob’s brother Esau returned {home} from hunting.
Then he too prepared tasty food, and he brought {it} to his father and said to his father, “Let my father get up and eat from his son’s game so that your soul can bless me.”
Then he too cooked a delicious meal, and he took {it} to his father {Isaac} and said to him, “Father, {please} sit up and eat some of your son’s deer meat so that you can bless me.”
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But Isaac his father said to him, “Who {are} you?” And he said, “I {am} your son, your firstborn Esau.”
But his father asked him, “Which son {are} you?” Esau answered, “I {am} your oldest son Esau.”
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Then Isaac trembled a very great tremble, and he said, “Then who {was} it that hunted game and brought {it} to me? And I ate from {it} all just before you came, and I blessed him. Indeed, he will be blessed.”
Then Isaac {became so upset that his body} shook very violently, and he asked {Esau}, “Who {was} it then that hunted deer meat and brought a meal to me? I finished eating it just before you came, and I blessed him. So God will definitely bless him.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
When Esau heard the words of his father, then he cried out a great and exceedingly bitter cry and said to his father, “Bless me, me too, my father!”
When Esau heard what his father said, he shouted out with a very loud and distressed shout and begged his father, “{Please} bless me too, father!”
And he said, “Your brother came in deceit and took your blessing.”
But his father responded, “Your brother came {to me} and tricked {me} and stole the blessing that I was planning to give you.”
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Then he said, “Is it because his name is called Jacob that he has defrauded me these two times? He took my birthright, and behold, now he has taken my blessing!”
Then he said, “Have you not reserved a blessing for me?”
Then Esau exclaimed, “The name Jacob fits him exactly, because he has tricked me like this two times {now}! {First} he stole my rights as the oldest son, and now look {what he has done}: he has stolen my blessing!” Then Esau begged {his father}, “Is there still a way you can {ask God to} bless me?”
But Isaac responded and said to Esau, “Behold, I have made him master over you, and I have given all his brothers to him as servants. And I have sustained him with grain and wine. So then, what can I do for you, my son?”
Isaac answered, “Listen, I have {already} appointed Jacob to be your master. In fact, I have asked {God to make it so} that you and all your descendants will serve him {and his descendants}. Besides that, I have {also} blessed him with {abundant} harvests and wine. So then, there is no way left for me to bless you, my son!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
But Esau said to his father, “Is there one blessing that you have, my father? Bless me, me too, my father!” Then Esau lifted his voice and sobbed.
But Esau continued to beg his father {and say}, “Father, isn’t there {just} one more way that you can bless {me}? {Please} bless me too, father!” Then Esau started crying loudly.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Isaac his father responded and said to him, “Behold, your dwelling will be away from the fatness of the earth and away from the dew of the heavens from above.
Finally his father said to him, “Listen, you {and your descendants} will live in a place where the land is not good {for farming} and where there is not much rain.
And you will live by your sword, and you will serve your brother. But it will happen when you become restless, then you will break his yoke off of your neck.”
You {and your descendants} will have to fight battles to stay alive, and you will serve your brother {and his descendants}. But when you rebel {against them}, you will get free from their control over you.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Esau hated Jacob because of the blessing that his father had blessed him with, and Esau said in his heart, “The days of the mourning of my father are near; then I will kill Jacob my brother.”
After that Esau held a grudge against Jacob because their father had blessed him. So Esau thought to himself, “Soon my father will die; then after we {bury him and} mourn for him, I will kill my brother Jacob.”
But the words of Esau her older son were told to Rebekah, so she sent and called for Jacob her younger son and said to him, “Behold, Esau your brother is consoling himself about you, planning to kill you.
But Rebekah heard about what her oldest son Esau was planning, so she sent for her youngest son Jacob and told him, “Listen, your brother Esau is planning to take revenge on you and kill you.
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So now, my son, listen to my voice and get up, flee for yourself to Laban my brother in Haran!
So then, my son, listen to me: Hurry {and} escape to {the city of} Haran to my brother Laban!
And stay with him for a few days until the fury of your brother turns away,
Live with him for a short time until your brother is no longer angry {with you}.
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until the anger of your brother turns away from you and he forgets what you have done to him. Then I will send and get you from there. Why should I also lose both of you {in} one day?”
When he is not angry with you anymore and he forgets what you did to him, I will send word that it is safe for you to come {back home} from there. I do not want to lose both of you {on} the same day!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Rebekah said to Isaac, “I am disgusted with my life because of the daughters of Heth! If Jacob takes a wife from the daughters of Heth like these, from daughters of the land, what {would} life {be} to me?”
Then Rebekah complained to Isaac, “My life is {very} miserable because of our Hittite daughters-in-law {whom Esau married}! If Jacob were to {also} marry a local Hittite woman like that, I would not want to keep on living!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Isaac called for Jacob and blessed him, and commanded him and said to him, “Do not take a wife from the daughters of Canaan.
So Isaac summoned Jacob, blessed him and told him, “You must not marry a Canaanite woman.
Get up, go to Paddan Aram, to the home of Bethuel the father of your mother, and take a wife for yourself from there, from the daughters of Laban the brother of your mother.
{Instead} you must go right away to {the region of} Paddan Aram, to the home of your mother’s father, Bethuel, and marry one of your uncle Laban’s daughters.
And may God Almighty bless you and make you fruitful and multiply you so that you become a community of peoples.
I pray that God, {who is} all-powerful, will bless you and give you many children and increase {the number of} your descendants, so that you become {the ancestor of} many people groups.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And may he give the blessing of Abraham to you, to you and to your offspring with you, so that you possess the land of your sojournings, which God gave to Abraham.”
I {also} pray that he will bless you and your descendants the same way that he blessed Abraham, so that you will own this land where you have been living as a foreigner, {the same land} which God gave to him.”
Then Isaac sent Jacob, and he went to Paddan Aram, to Laban, the son of Bethuel the Aramean and the brother of Rebekah, the mother of Jacob and Esau.
Then Isaac sent Jacob {on his way}, so Jacob started traveling to Laban{’s house which was} in {the region of} Paddan Aram. {Laban was} the son of Bethuel the Aramean and {also} the brother of Rebekah, {who was} Jacob and Esau’s mother.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Esau saw that Isaac had blessed Jacob and had sent him to Paddan Aram to take a wife for himself from there, {and that} when he blessed him, then he commanded him, saying, “Do not take a wife from the daughters of Canaan,”
Now Esau had seen Isaac bless Jacob and send him to {the region of} Paddan Aram to marry a woman from there. As Isaac was blessing him, {Esau heard} him tell Jacob to not marry a Canaanite woman.
(There are no questions for this verse)
and {that} Jacob listened to his father and to his mother and went to Paddan Aram.
{Esau also saw that} Jacob obeyed their father and mother and started traveling to Paddan Aram.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Esau saw that the daughters of Canaan were displeasing in the eyes of Isaac his father.
That is when Esau realized that his father Isaac did not approve of {his sons marrying} Canaanite women.
So Esau went to Ishmael and he took as a wife Mahalath, the daughter of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, the sister of Nebaioth, in addition to his wives {who belonged} to him.
So in addition to the {two} wives he already had, Esau went to {the family of} Abraham’s son Ishmael and married Ishmael’s daughter Mahalath, whose brother was Nebaioth.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Jacob left from Beersheba and set out for Haran.
{After} Jacob left from {his family’s home} {in the city of} Beersheba, he started traveling to {the city of} Haran.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he reached a {certain} place, and he stopped there because the sun had gone. And he took {one} of the stones of the place and put it under his head, and he lay down in that place.
{That evening} he reached a {good} place {to sleep}, so he stopped there {for the night} because the sun had set. He chose {one} of the stones that was there and used it as a pillow. Then he lay down and went to sleep.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he dreamed, and behold, a stairway was set up on the earth and its top reached to the heavens, and behold, angels of God were ascending and descending on it.
While he was dreaming, he saw a stairway. The bottom of the stairway was on the ground and its top reached up to heaven, and he saw God’s angels going up and coming down on the stairway.
And behold, Yahweh was standing above it, and he said, “I {am} Yahweh, the God of Abraham your grandfather and the God of Isaac. The land that you are lying on I will give to you and to your offspring.
And there standing at the top {of the stairway} was Yahweh, and he said {to Jacob}, “I {am} Yahweh, the God whom your ancestors Abraham and Isaac serve. I will give you and your descendants this land that you are lying on.
And your offspring will be like the dust of the earth, and you will spread out to the west and to the east and to the north and to the south. And in you and in your offspring all the families of the earth will be blessed.
They will be {as numerous} as the dust {specks} on the ground, so that they live throughout this land in every direction. Because of you and your descendants, I will bless all the families in the world.
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And behold, I {am} with you, and I will watch over you in every {place} that you go, and I will bring you back to this land. For I will not leave you until I have done what I have spoken to you.”
Remember that I {will always be} with you. I will protect you wherever you go, and I will lead you back to this land. In fact, I will never leave you and I will do everything that I have promised you {that I will do}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob woke up from his sleep and said, “Surely Yahweh is in this place, but I did not know {it}!”
Suddenly Jacob woke up from his dream and exclaimed {to himself}, “Yahweh definitely lives in this place, but I did not know {it} {before now}!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So he was afraid and said, “How awesome this place is! This is nothing other than the house of God, and this {is} the gateway of heaven!”
He was afraid, so he {also} exclaimed, “This is a terrifying place! This can only be God’s house! It {must be} the entrance to heaven!”
Then in the morning Jacob got up early, and he took the stone that he had put under his head and stood it up {as} a pillar, and he poured oil on its top.
Early the next morning Jacob got up, took the stone that he had used as a pillow and set it up {on its end} to mark the place {where God had appeared to him}. Then he poured {some} {olive} oil on top of the stone {to dedicate the place to God}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he called the name of that place Bethel, even though Luz {had been} the name of the town at first.
He named that place Bethel, {which means “house of God.”} Previously the name of that town had been Luz.
Then Jacob vowed a vow, saying, “If God will be with me and watch over me on this road that I am walking on and give to me bread to eat and clothes to wear,
Then Jacob made a vow {to God} and said, “God, if {you} will stay with me and protect me as I travel on this journey and if you provide me food to eat and clothes to wear,
and {if} I return in peace to the home of my father, then Yahweh will be God to me,
so that I return safely to my father’s home, then Yahweh, {you} will be the God whom I serve.
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and this stone that I have stood up {as} a pillar will be the house of God, and all that you give to me I will tithe a tenth to you.”
This stone that I have set up will be your house and mark the place {that you appeared to me}, and I will give back to you a tenth of everything that you give to me.”
Then Jacob lifted his feet and went to the land of the sons of the east.
Then Jacob left {Bethel} and continued traveling {until he came} to the land in the east where various people groups lived.
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And he looked, and behold, a well {was} in the field, and behold, three flocks of sheep were lying there near it, because from that well the flocks were watered, and the stone over the mouth of the well {was} large.
{When he arrived there,} he looked {around}, and he saw a well in an {open} field. There were three flocks of sheep lying near the well {waiting for water}. That was the well that flocks drank water from, but there was a {heavy,} large stone covering the top of the well.
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And all the flocks would be gathered there, then they would roll the stone from over the mouth of the well and water the sheep. Then they would return the stone to its place over the mouth of the well.
{Every day} shepherds would bring all the flocks {of sheep} there. They would {work together to} remove the stone from the top of the well and draw water for the sheep. Then they would put the stone back over the top of the well.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob said to them, “My brothers, where {are} you from?” And they said, “We {are} from Haran.”
Jacob asked the shepherds, “My friends, where do you live?” They replied, “We {are} from {the city of} Haran.”
Then he said to them, “Do you know Laban, the grandson of Nahor?” And they said, “We know him.”
So Jacob asked them, “Do you know Laban, Nahor’s grandson?” They answered, “{Yes,} we do.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said to them, “Are {things} well for him?” And they said, “{Things are} well. And behold, Rachel his daughter is coming with the sheep.”
So Jacob asked, “Is he doing well?” They answered {him}, “{Yes,} {he is} well. In fact, here comes his daughter Rachel {now}, bringing {his} sheep.”
Then he said, “Behold, the day {is} still large. {It is} not time for the livestock to be gathered. Water the sheep, and go pasture {them}.”
Then Jacob urged {them}, “Look, the sun is still bright, and {it is} too early to gather the flocks {for the night}. {You ought to} draw water for them and take {them} back out {to the fields} to graze {some more}.”
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But they said, “We cannot, until all the flocks are gathered and they roll the stone from over the mouth of the well. Then we will water the sheep.”
But they replied, “We can’t {do that} until all the shepherds are here with their flocks. Then {together} we will move the stone away from the top of the well and draw water for the sheep.”
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He was still talking with them when Rachel came with the sheep that {belonged} to her father, because she was tending them.
While Jacob was still talking with the shepherds, Rachel arrived {at the well} with her father {Laban}’s sheep; it was her job to take care of them.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it happened, when Jacob saw Rachel, the daughter of Laban his mother’s brother, and the sheep of Laban his mother’s brother, then Jacob went over and rolled the stone from over the mouth of the well, and watered the sheep of Laban his mother’s brother.
As soon as Jacob saw Rachel the daughter of his uncle Laban with her father’s sheep, he walked over {to the well}, removed the stone that covered it, and drew water for his uncle’s sheep.
Then Jacob kissed Rachel and lifted his voice and cried.
Then he kissed Rachel {on her cheek} and {he was so happy that} he started crying.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob told Rachel that he {was} a relative of her father and that he {was} a son of Rebekah. Then she ran and told her father.
Then he told her that he {was} her father’s nephew, the son of {her aunt} Rebekah. So she ran home and told her father {the news}.
And it happened, when Laban heard the news about Jacob the son of his sister, then he ran to meet him. Then he embraced him and kissed him and brought him to his house. Then he told Laban all these things,
When Laban heard about his sister’s son Jacob, he ran {out} to greet him. Then he hugged him and kissed him {on the cheeks} and took him to his house. Then Jacob told Laban {about himself and} everything that had happened,
and Laban said to him, “You {are} indeed my bone and my flesh!”
Then he stayed with him a month of days.
and Laban exclaimed to him, “There is no doubt that you {are} a close relative of my family!”
After Jacob had stayed with Laban {and worked for him} {for} an entire month,
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Then Laban said to Jacob, “Because you {are} my relative, should you then serve me for nothing? Tell me, what {are} your wages?”
Laban said to him, “{Just} because you are my nephew, {that does not mean that} you should {have to} work for me for free! Tell me what you want me to pay you.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Laban had two daughters. The name of the older {was} Leah, and the name of the younger {was} Rachel.
Now Laban had two daughters: The name of the older {one} {was} Leah, and the younger {one} was Rachel.
And the eyes of Leah {were} delicate, but Rachel was lovely of form and beautiful of appearance.
Leah had pretty eyes, but Rachel was extremely beautiful in every way.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Jacob loved Rachel, so he said, “I will serve you seven years for Rachel your younger daughter.”
Jacob was in love with Rachel, so he said {to Laban}, “I will work seven years for you if you will let me marry your younger daughter Rachel.”
And Laban said, “{It is} better for me to give her to you than for me to give her to another man. Stay with me.”
Laban replied, “{I agree to your terms.} I would {much} rather give her to you {to marry} than give her to someone else. {So} stay here {and work for me}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So Jacob served seven years for Rachel, but in his eyes they were like a few days because of his love for her.
So Jacob worked seven years {for Laban} so that he could marry Rachel, but he loved her so {much} that to him the time seemed {to pass quickly} like {only} a few days.
Then Jacob said to Laban, “Give {me} my wife, because my days are completed, so that I may go to her.”
{When the seven years were over,} Jacob said to Laban, “{Please} let me marry {your daughter} {Rachel} {now} so that I can live with her {as} my wife, because I have finished my {seven} years {of work} {for you}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Laban gathered all the people of the place and made a feast.
So Laban invited all the local people and held a {wedding} feast.
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But it happened in the evening that he took Leah his daughter and brought her to him, and he went to her.
But that evening Laban {tricked Jacob and} brought his daughter Leah {to Jacob’s tent} {instead of Rachel}, so that he had marital relations with her.
And Laban gave to her Zilpah his maidservant, to Leah his daughter, {to be} a maidservant.
Laban also gave his female servant Zilpah to Leah {to be} {her} {personal} servant.
Then it happened in the morning, that behold, she {was} Leah! So he said to Laban, “What {is} this you have done to me? Was {it} not for Rachel that I served with you? So why have you deceived me?”
But the next morning Jacob was shocked to see that it was Leah {he had married}! So he complained to Laban, “You have treated me very badly! {You know that} Rachel is the one I served you for! So why did you trick me?”
(There are no questions for this verse)
But Laban said, “It is not done so in our place to give the younger before the firstborn.
Laban replied, “It is not our custom here for the younger {daughter} to marry before the older {daughter} {marries}.
Fulfill the week of this {one}, then we will also give you this {one} for service that you will serve with me for another seven years.”
{So then,} {keep Leah as your wife and} finish this week of celebrating your marriage to her. Then our family will also give you {my} younger daughter {to marry} if you will work for me for another seven years.”
So Jacob did so, and he fulfilled the week {for} that {one}. Then he gave to him Rachel his daughter as a wife for him.
So Jacob {agreed with Laban and} did what he said: he finished celebrating his marriage to Leah that week. Then Laban gave him his daughter Rachel to marry.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Laban gave Bilhah his maidservant to Rachel his daughter as a maidservant for her.
Laban {also} gave his servant Bilhah to Rachel to be her servant.
Then he also went to Rachel, and he also loved Rachel more than Leah. And he served him for another seven years.
Then Jacob had marital relations with Rachel, and he loved her more than {he loved} Leah. Then he {started} working for Laban for seven more years.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Yahweh saw that Leah was hated, so he opened her womb, but Rachel {was} barren.
Now Yahweh knew that Jacob did not love Leah, so he made it possible for her to have children, but Rachel was not able to conceive.
Then Leah conceived and bore a son, and she called his name Reuben, because she said, “Because Yahweh has looked on my misery, surely now my husband will love me.”
Then Leah became pregnant and gave birth to a son. She named him Reuben, {which means “See, a son!”} because she exclaimed, “Now that Yahweh has seen that I am suffering {and helped me}, surely my husband will love me!”
Then she conceived again and bore a son, and she said, “Because Yahweh heard that I am hated, then he gave to me this {son} also.” So she called his name Simeon.
Then Leah became pregnant again and gave birth to {another} son. She exclaimed, “Since Yahweh heard that my husband does not love me, he has given me this child also.” So she named him Simeon, {which means “he hears.”}
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then she conceived again and bore a son, and she said, “This time now my husband will be joined to me, because I have born three sons for him.” For that {reason} he called his name Levi.
Then Leah became pregnant {yet} again and gave birth to another son, and she exclaimed, “Now finally my husband will want to be with me because I have given him three sons!” That is why his name was Levi, {which means “be with.”}
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then she conceived again and bore a son, and she said, “This time I will praise Yahweh.” For that {reason} she called his name Judah. Then she stopped bearing.
Once again Leah became pregnant and gave birth to another son, and she exclaimed, “Now I will praise Yahweh!” That is why she named him Judah, {which means “praise.”} Then Leah stopped having children {for a while}.
Now Rachel saw that she was not bearing {children} for Jacob, so Rachel envied her sister, and she said to Jacob, “Give me children, and if not, I will die!”
Meanwhile {when} Rachel realized that she was not able to bear {any} {children} for Jacob, she was jealous of her sister, and she demanded of Jacob, “Help me have children, or else I want to die!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Jacob’s anger burned against Rachel, and he said, “Am I in the place of God, who has kept the fruit of the womb from you?”
Jacob became very angry with Rachel and responded, “I am not God! He is the one who has prevented you from having children!”
Then she said, “Behold my slave woman Bilhah. Go to her so that she will bear {children} on my knees, and I also will be built up from her.”
Then Rachel told {him}, “You can have my servant woman Bilhah {as a wife}. Have {marital} relations with her so that she will have children for me, so that I too can have a family.”
And she gave to him Bilhah her maidservant as a wife, and Jacob went to her.
So Rachel gave Jacob her servant Bilhah to be {another} wife {for him}, and Jacob had {marital} relations with her.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Bilhah conceived and bore a son for Jacob,
Then Bilhah became pregnant and had a son for Jacob,
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and Rachel said, “God has vindicated me, and indeed, he has listened to my voice and given to me a son!” For that {reason} she called his name Dan.
and Rachel exclaimed, “God has judged in my favor! Yes indeed, he has answered my prayer and given me a son!” That is why she named the baby Dan, {which means “he judged in my favor.”}
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Bilhah the maidservant of Rachel conceived again and bore a second son for Jacob.
Then Rachel’s servant Bilhah became pregnant again and had a second son for Jacob.
So Rachel said, “{With} mighty wrestlings I have wrestled with my sister. Indeed I have prevailed!” And she called his name Naphtali.
Then Rachel exclaimed, “I have had a difficult contest with my sister, and {now} I have defeated her!” Then she named that son Naphtali, {which means “my contest.”}
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Leah saw that she had ceased from bearing {children}, so she took Zilpah her maidservant and gave her to Jacob as a wife.
Now when Leah realized that she had stopped having children, she brought her servant Zilpah {to Jacob} and gave her to him to be {another} wife {for him}.
Then Zilpah the maidservant of Leah bore a son for Jacob,
Then Zilpah had a son for Jacob,
and Leah said, “What good fortune!” So she called his name Gad.
and Leah exclaimed, “I am so fortunate!” So she named him Gad, {which means “fortunate.”}
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Zilpah the maidservant of Leah bore a second son for Jacob,
Then Leah’s servant Zilpah had a second son for Jacob,
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and Leah said, “How blessed I am! For women will call me blessed.” So she called his name Asher.
and Leah exclaimed, “{God} has truly blessed me! Now {other} women will know that {God} has blessed me.” So she named that son Asher, {which means “blessed.”}
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then in the days of the wheat harvest, Reuben went out and found mandrakes in the field, and he brought them to Leah his mother. Then Rachel said to Leah, “Please give to me some of your son’s mandrakes.”
Then {one day} during the season when people were harvesting wheat, Leah’s son Reuben went out in a field and found {some} fertility plants, and he gave them to his mother. {When Rachel found out about the plants,} she begged Leah, “Please give me some of the fertility plants that your son found.”
But she said to her, “Is it a small matter you have taken my husband? And would you also take my son’s mandrakes?” Then Rachel said, “Therefore he may lie with you tonight for your son’s mandrakes.”
But Leah replied to her, “{No!} It was {bad} enough that you stole my husband {from me}! And {now} you even want to take my son’s fertility plants!” Rachel replied, “Alright then, Jacob can sleep with you tonight if you will give me your son’s fertility plants.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob came from the field in the evening, and Leah went out to meet him and said, “You must come to me, because I have surely hired you with my son’s mandrakes.” So he lay with her during that night,
That evening when Jacob came {home} from {working in} the field, Leah went out to greet him and told {him}, “You must sleep with me {tonight}, because I have traded my son’s fertility plants for time with you.” So Jacob spent that night with Leah.
(There are no questions for this verse)
and God listened to Leah, and she conceived and bore a fifth son for Jacob.
God answered {the prayers of} Leah, so that she became pregnant and had a fifth son for Jacob.
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Then Leah said, “God has given {me} my reward because I gave my maidservant to my husband.” So she called his name Issachar.
Then she said, “God has rewarded me for giving my servant to my husband {as a wife}.” So she named that son Issachar, {which means “reward.”}
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Leah conceived again and bore a sixth son for Jacob.
Then Leah became pregnant again and had a sixth son for Jacob.
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And Leah said, “God has presented me a good present. This time my husband will honor me because I have born six sons for him.” So she called his name Zebulun.
Then she said, “God has given me a valuable gift, {so that} now my husband will honor me because I have had six sons for him.” So she named their son Zebulun, {which means “honor.”}
Then later she bore a daughter and called her name Dinah.
{Sometime} after that, Leah had a daughter and named her Dinah.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then God remembered Rachel, and God listened to her and opened her womb.
God had not forgotten Rachel, so he answered her {prayers} and made it possible for her to have children.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then she conceived and bore a son, and she said, “God has taken away my disgrace!”
Then she became pregnant and had a son, and she exclaimed, “God has made it so that I am no longer ashamed!”
And she called his name Joseph, saying, “May Yahweh add another son to me.”
She named her son Joseph, {which means “may he give another,”} {because} she said, “I pray that Yahweh will give me another son.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it happened, after Rachel bore Joseph, then Jacob said to Laban, “Send me off, so that I may go to my place and to my land.
After Rachel had Joseph, Jacob requested of Laban, “{Please} allow me to leave {here}, so that I can return to my {own} home in my {own} country.
Give me my wives and my children for whom I have served you, so that I may go. For you yourself know my service that I have served you.”
Let me take my wives and my children, whom I have earned by working for you, so that I can leave {with them}. You yourself know how {well} I have worked for you.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Laban said to him, “Please {stay}, if I have found favor in your eyes. I have learned by divination that Yahweh has blessed me because of you.”
But Laban responded to him, “Please be kind to me {and stay}, {because} I have found out from observing signs that Yahweh has blessed me because you {are here with me}.”
Then he said, “Name your wages to me, and I will give {them}.”
Then he added, “Tell me what you want your pay to be, and that is what I will pay you.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he said to him, “You yourself know how I have served you and how your livestock have been with me.
Jacob replied to him, “You yourself know how {hard} I have worked for you and how {well} your animals have prospered under my care.
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For {there was} little that was yours before me, and it has prospered to abundance, and Yahweh has blessed you at my feet. But now, when will I also do something for my household?”
The few that you owned before I came have multiplied dramatically. Yes, Yahweh has blessed you because of me. But now, I need to also provide for my {own} family!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said, “What should I give to you?” And Jacob said, “Do not give anything to me. If you will do this thing for me, I will continue tending your flock{s} watching over {them}:
So Laban asked {him}, “What can I pay you {to persuade you} {to stay here}?” Jacob answered, “Do not pay me anything. Just do this {one} thing for me, and I will continue taking care of your flock{s}:
(There are no questions for this verse)
I will pass through all your flock{s} today to remove from there every speckled and spotted lamb and every dark-colored lamb among the sheep, and the spotted and speckled {young} among the goats. And that will be my wages.
Let me look through all your flock{s} today and separate out from them all the lambs that are speckled, spotted or dark-colored, and {all} the young goats that are spotted or speckled. They will be my pay.
So my righteousness will testify for me in future days when you go over my wages in front of you: any that is not speckled and spotted among the goats and dark-colored among the sheep, it was stolen {if it is} with me.”
That way {too}, in the future it will be easy {for you} to know whether {or not} I am being honest whenever you check the animals you have paid me. {If you see that I have} any {sheep or} goats that are not speckled or spotted or any lambs {that are not} dark-colored, {you will know that} I stole them {from you}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Laban said, “Behold, let it be according to your word.”
Laban replied, “I agree, let’s do exactly as you have suggested.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then on that day he removed the male goats that were streaked and spotted, and all the female goats that were speckled and spotted, any that {had} white on it, and all the dark-colored {ones} among the lambs. Then he gave {them} into the hand of his sons,
But that {same} day, Laban separated {from his flocks} {all} the he-goats that had stripes or spots, and all the she-goats that had speckles or spots, all that {had any} white {marks} on them, together with all the dark-colored lambs. Then he told his sons to take care of {them},
and he put a three-day journey between himself and Jacob. And Jacob was tending the rest of Laban’s flock{s}.
and he {and his sons} took {those animals} a three-day walking-distance away from Jacob. Meanwhile Jacob continued taking care of the rest of Laban’s flock{s}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob took for himself fresh-cut branches of poplar and almond and plane trees, and peeled white stripes in them, exposing the white that {was} inside the branches.
Then Jacob cut {some} branches from poplar {trees}, almond {trees}, and chestnut {trees}, and made white streaks on them {by peeling off long strips of bark}, which exposed the white {wood} that was inside the branches.
Then he put the branches that he had peeled in the troughs, in the water troughs where the flock{s} came to drink, in front of the flock{s}. And they were in heat when they came to drink,
Then he put those {streaked} branches in all the drinking troughs that the flock{s} would come to drink from, so that the flock{s} would see the branches. {That way, whenever} the animals that were ready to mate came {to the troughs} to drink,
and the flock{s} would mate by the branches, and the flock{s} would bear streaked, speckled, and spotted {young}.
they would see the branches as they were mating. As a result, they would have {young that were} striped or speckled or spotted.
Then Jacob set apart the lambs, and he made the faces of the flock{s} look at the streaked and all the dark-colored {animals} in the flock{s} of Laban. And he put flocks for himself by themselves, and he did not put them with the flock{s} of Laban.
Then Jacob separated those young animals {from Laban’s flocks} {to form new flocks for himself}, and he put {the rest of} the flock{s} with the striped and dark-colored {animals} in Laban’s flock{s} {so that they would mate and have young that were striped or dark-colored}. In that way, {over time} he created separate flocks {of sheep and goats} for himself that he kept separate from Laban’s flock{s}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So it happened whenever the strong animals were in heat, then Jacob put the branches in the troughs before the eyes of the flocks so that they would mate by the branches.
Whenever the stronger female animals were ready to mate, Jacob put the {streaked} branches in the {drinking} troughs in front of those animals so that they would see the branches as they were mating.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But when the animals were weak, he did not put {them} {in}. So it was the weak {ones} {went} to Laban, and the strong {ones} to Jacob,
But whenever the weaker female animals {were ready to mate}, Jacob did not put {the branches} {in the troughs}. In that way, {the young from} the weaker {animals} were Laban’s and {the young from} the stronger {animals} were Jacob’s.
so that the man prospered very greatly, and he owned large flock{s}, and maidservants and menservants and camels and donkeys.
So Jacob became extremely wealthy. He owned large flock{s} {of sheep and goats}, and {many} male and female servants and {many} camels and donkeys.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he heard the words of the sons of Laban, {who} were saying, “Jacob has taken everything that {belonged} to our father, and from what {belonged} to our father he has gained all this wealth!”
Then {one day} Jacob heard that Laban’s sons were {complaining and} saying, “Jacob has taken {for himself} everything that our father owned. In fact, he has gotten all his riches by taking {the animals} that were our father’s!”
And Jacob saw the face of Laban, and behold, he was not with him as yesterday {and} three days ago.
Jacob also noticed that Laban no longer acted friendly toward him the way he did in the past.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Yahweh said to Jacob, “Go back to the land of your fathers and to your relatives, and I will be with you.”
Then Yahweh told Jacob, “Return to your ancestors’ homeland, where your relatives live, and I will stay with you {and help you}.”
Then Jacob sent and called for Rachel and Leah to the field to his flock{s}.
So Jacob sent a message to Rachel and Leah that they should meet him at the field {where he was with} his flock{s} {of sheep and goats}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said to them, “I have seen the face of your father, that he is not toward me as yesterday {and} three days ago, but the God of my father has been with me.
{When they arrived,} he said to them, “I have noticed that your father no longer acts friendly toward me the way he did in the past, but the God whom my father serves has stayed with me {and has helped me}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And you know that with all my might I have served your father,
You {both} know how I have worked for your father as hard as I could,
(There are no questions for this verse)
but your father has deceived me and changed my wages ten times. However, God has not allowed him to harm me.
but he has cheated me by changing what he pays me ten times. However, God has not permitted him to hurt me.
(There are no questions for this verse)
If he said like this: ‘The speckled {animals} will be your wages,’ then all the flock{s} bore speckled {young}. But if he said like this: ‘The streaked {ones} will be your wages,’ then all the flock{s} bore streaked {young}.
{For example,} every time that he told {me} that the speckled {animals} would be my pay, all {the female animals in} the flock{s} gave birth to speckled {young}. But whenever he {changed his mind and} told {me} that the striped animals would be my pay, then they all gave birth to streaked {young}.
So God took away the livestock of your father and gave {them} to me.
In that way, God has taken your father’s animals {from him} and has given {them} to me.
(There are no questions for this verse)
“And it happened in the season the flock{s} were in heat, and I lifted my eyes and saw in a dream that, behold, the he-goats that were mounting the flock{s} {were} streaked, speckled, and spotted.
“One time during the season when the flock{s} {of sheep and goats} were mating, I had a dream. {In the dream} I looked around and was surprised to see that the {only} male goats {and sheep} that were mating with the female goats {and sheep} {were} striped, speckled, or blotched.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then an angel of God said to me in the dream, ‘Jacob!’ and I said, ‘Behold me.’
Then an angel from God called to me in the dream, ‘Jacob!’ and I answered, ‘Yes, {Lord}?’
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said, ‘Please lift up your eyes and see all the he-goats that are mounting the flock{s} {are} streaked, speckled, and spotted, because I have seen all that Laban is doing to you.
Then he said {to me}, ‘Look around and notice {that} all the male goats {and sheep} that are mating with the female goats {and sheep} {are} striped, speckled, or blotched. {I have caused that to happen,} because I have noticed all {the wrong things} that Laban has been doing to you.
(There are no questions for this verse)
I {am} the God of Bethel, where you anointed a pillar, where you vowed a vow to me. Now get up, go out from this land, and return to the land of your birth.’ ”
I am the God {who appeared to you} at {the town of} Bethel, where you poured oil on top of a memorial stone {to dedicate the place to me}, {and} where you made an oath to me. {So} then, get ready {and} leave this land {immediately}, and go back to your home land.’ ”
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Then Rachel replied, and Leah, and they said to him, “Is there still for us a portion or inheritance in the house of our father?
Then Rachel and Leah responded to Jacob, “We will not inherit anything from our father {when he dies}!
Are we not regarded by him {as} foreigners? For he sold us, and he has indeed completely eaten up our silver.
It is obvious that he treats us like strangers {and not family}. For example, he sold us {to you}, and then he spent all the money that should have been ours.
(There are no questions for this verse)
For all the wealth that God took from our father {belongs} to us and to our children. So now, do all that God has said to you.”
In fact, all the wealth that God has taken from our father {rightfully} {belongs} to us and our children. So then, {you should} do everything that God has told you {to do}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So Jacob got up and put his sons and his wives on the camels.
So Jacob {quickly} got ready {for the journey} and helped his wives and his children {get up} onto some camels.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he drove all his livestock and all his property that he had acquired, the livestock in his possession that he had acquired in Paddan Aram, to go to Isaac his father, to the land of Canaan.
Then he {started} herding {the camels and} all his {other} animals toward the region of Canaan where his father Isaac lived. {He took with him} all his possessions that he had accumulated, {including} all the livestock that he had acquired {while living} in {the region of} Paddan Aram.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Laban had gone to shear his sheep, so Rachel stole the idols that {belonged} to her father,
Now {before that,} Laban {the Aramean} had gone away {for several days} to shear his sheep. {While her father was gone,} Rachel {entered his tent and} stole his idols {that he worshiped}.
and Jacob stole the heart of Laban the Aramean by not informing him that he was fleeing.
At the same time, Jacob {also} deceived Laban by fleeing {secretly} without telling him that he was leaving.
And he fled and all that {belonged} to him. And he got up and crossed the River and set his face {toward} the mountain{s} of Gilead.
So {in that way} Jacob ran away {with his family} and {took} everything that they owned. They quickly crossed the {Euphrates} River and headed toward the hill country of Gilead.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And on the third day it was told to Laban that Jacob had fled.
Three days later someone informed Laban that Jacob had run away.
So he took his relatives with him and pursued after him a seven-day journey and overtook him in the mountain{s} of Gilead.
So Laban took {some of} his relatives with him and chased after Jacob {and his family} for seven days until they overtook him in the hill country of Gilead.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But God came to Laban the Aramean in a dream that night and said to him, “Watch yourself that you do not speak with Jacob either good or bad.”
But that night God appeared to Laban in a dream and warned him, “Be sure that you do not threaten Jacob in any way.”
And Laban overtook Jacob, and Jacob had pitched his tent{s} in the mountain{s}, so Laban with his relatives pitched {theirs} in the mountain{s} of Gilead.
{By the time that} Laban caught up with Jacob, Jacob had {already} set up his tents in the hill country {of Gilead}, so Laban and his relatives {also} set up camp there {at a place nearby}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Laban said to Jacob, “What have you done? And you have stolen my heart and carried away my daughters like captives of the sword!
Then {the next day} Laban {met with Jacob and} complained to him, “Look what you have done! You have deceived me and dragged away my daughters like prisoners of war!
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Why did you secretly flee and deceive me and not tell me? For I would have sent you with joy and with songs, with tambourine{s} and with lyre{s}!
You should not have deceived me and secretly run away! You should have told me {you were leaving}! {If I had known,} we could have {held a feast and} sung joyful songs {and danced} together, with tambourines and lyres playing, before sending you {on your way}.
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And you did not let me kiss my grandchildren and my daughters! Now you have acted foolishly by doing {that}!
You did not {even} let me kiss my daughters and my grandchildren {before they left}! What you have done is foolish!
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It is in the power of my hand to do harm to you, but last night the God of your father said to me, saying, ‘Keep yourself from speaking with Jacob either good or bad.’
I have the power to harm {all of} you, but last night {in a dream} the God whom your father serves warned me not to threaten you in any way.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So now, you have surely gone because you greatly long for the house of your father. Why did you steal my gods?”
Now then, {I understand that} you left because you were so homesick to return to your father’s family, {but} why did you steal my gods?”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob answered and said to Laban, “Because I was afraid, because I said that perhaps you would seize your daughters from me.
Jacob answered Laban, “{We left secretly} because I was afraid. I thought that {if I told you we were leaving,} you might take your {two} daughters from me {by force}.
Whomever you find your gods with will not live! In front of our relatives, observe for yourself what {is} with me, and take {what belongs} to you.” Now Jacob did not know that Rachel had stolen them.
{However we did not take your gods. In fact,} if you find your gods with anyone {here}, that person will die {for stealing them}! {So} while our relatives are watching, {go ahead and} search {all} my belongings for yourself. {If you find} anything that is yours, take it.” {When Jacob said that,} he did not know that Rachel {was the one who} had stolen the idols.
Then Laban went into the tent of Jacob and into the tent of Leah and into the tent of the two slave women, but he did not find {anything}. Then he came out of Leah’s tent and went into Rachel’s tent.
So Laban started searching in Jacob’s tent. Then {he searched} through Leah’s tent and through the two servant women’s tent, but he did not find {anything} {that belonged to him}. Next after he left those tents, he went into Rachel’s tent.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Rachel had taken the idols and put them inside the camel’s saddle and was sitting on them. And Laban felt throughout the entire tent, but he did not find {them}.
Now Rachel had hidden the idols inside {her} camel saddlebag, and she was sitting on them. So although Laban searched through everything {else} in the tent, he could not find them.
And she said to her father, “Do not let it burn in the eyes of my lord that I am not able to stand up in your presence, because the way of women {is} on me.” So he searched, but he did not find the idols.
{As he was searching,} Rachel said to him, “Sir, {please} do not be upset that I am not able to get up to greet you, because it’s that time of the month {when I feel weak}.” {That is also why} he could not find {his} idols when he searched {her tent}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it burned within Jacob, and he disputed with Laban, and Jacob responded and said to Laban, “What {is} my crime? What {is} my sin, that you have hotly pursued after me?
Then Jacob became {very} angry {at Laban} and confronted him by saying to him, “Tell me my crime! Tell me what sin I have done {against you} that gives you the right to chase after me!
(There are no questions for this verse)
Since you have felt through all my things, what have you found from any of the things of your house? Put {it} here in front of my relatives and your relatives, and let them judge between the two of us!
Now that you have searched through all my things, did you find anything {that anyone took} from your household? {If so,} put {it} here in front of our relatives, so that they can decide which one of us is right!
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“These twenty years I {have been} with you! Your ewes and your she-goats did not miscarry, and I have not eaten rams from your flocks.
“For twenty years I {have worked} for you! {During all that time} your sheep and your goats had no trouble bearing young, and I have never {killed and} eaten {any} animals from your flocks.
(There are no questions for this verse)
I did not bring torn {animals} to you; I bore the loss of it myself. You required it from my hand, {those} stolen by day and {those} stolen by night.
Whenever wild animals killed {any of} your animals, I never brought {the dead animal} to you {to prove I was innocent}. {Rather,} I replaced them at my own expense. {Besides that,} you required me to pay for {any} animals {that anyone ever} stole {at any time of} day or night.
(There are no questions for this verse)
There I was: In the day, heat devoured me, and in the night the frost, so that my sleep fled from my eyes.
That was my situation! During the days, I suffered from the hot sun, and during the nights it was so cold that I could not sleep.
(There are no questions for this verse)
That {is how it was} for me twenty years in your house. I served you fourteen years for your two daughters, and six years for your flock{s}, and you changed my wages ten times.
{It was like} that for me {during the entire} twenty years that I was with you. I worked for you for fourteen years in order to marry your two daughters, and {I worked} {another} six years to earn flocks {of animals} from you, even though you changed my pay ten times.
If the God of my father, the God of Abraham and the Fear of Isaac, had not been with me, surely now you would have sent me away empty-handed. God has seen my affliction and the toil of my palms, and he judged {you} last night.”
If God, whom my ancestors Abraham and Isaac serve and revere, had not been with me {to take care of me}, there is no doubt that I would now be leaving {here} with {absolutely} nothing. {But} God knows how {much} you have mistreated me and how hard I have worked {for you}, so last night he rebuked {you}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Laban responded and said to Jacob, “The daughters {are} my daughters, and the children {are} my grandchildren, and the flock{s} {are} my flock{s}. And everything that you see {belongs} to me! But what can I do today about these daughters of mine or about their children whom they have born?
Then Laban responded to Jacob, “These women {are} my daughters, and their children {are} my grandchildren, and these flock{s} {are} {also} mine. In fact, all that you see {here} is mine! But there is nothing I can do today to keep my daughters or their children near me {any longer}!
So now, come, let us cut a covenant, I and you, and let it be a witness between me and you.”
So then, you and I should make a {peace} treaty {with each other}, and there should be something to remind us {to keep that treaty}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So Jacob took a stone and set it up {as} a pillar.
So Jacob picked out a {large} stone and set it up {on its end} {as} a monument {to mark the place where they made their treaty}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob said to his relatives, “Gather stones.” So they took stones and made a heap. Then they ate there by the heap.
Then he told his relatives, “Gather {some more} stones.” So they {all} gathered stones and put them in a {large} pile. Then everyone ate {a meal together} there next to the pile {of stones}.
And Laban called it Jegar Sahadutha, but Jacob called it Galeed.
Laban gave the pile the {Aramaic} name Jegar Sahadutha, {which means “pile that reminds,”} while Jacob gave it the {Hebrew} name Galeed, {which has the same meaning}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Laban said, “This heap {is} a witness between me and you today.” For that {reason} he called its name Galeed.
Laban said {to him}, “{Starting} today this pile {of stones} will remind you and me {about our peace treaty}.” That is why the name of that place is Galeed.
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{It is} also Mizpah, because he said, “May Yahweh watch between me and you when we are hidden one from the other.
{Another name for the place is} Mizpah, {which means “watchtower,”} because Laban said {to Jacob}, “May Yahweh watch both of us {to make sure that we keep our treaty} while we are apart from each other.
If you afflict my daughters, or if you take wives besides my daughters, {even though} there is not someone with us, behold, God {is} a witness between me and you.”
If you treat my daughters badly, or if you marry {other} wives besides them, remember {that} {even if} no one {else} is watching us, God is {always} watching both of us {to hold us accountable}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Laban said to Jacob, “Behold this heap, and behold the pillar which I set up between me and you.
Then Laban {also} said to Jacob, “Here is this pile {of stones}, and here is this monument which we stood up between us {to remind us about our peace treaty}.
This heap {is} a witness and the pillar {is} a witness that I will not pass by this heap to you, and that you will not pass by this heap and this pillar to me, to do harm.
This pile {of stones} and this monument {both} remind us that I must never go past this pile {to attack you}, and that you must never go past this pile and this monument to attack me.
May the God of Abraham and the gods of Nahor, the gods of their father, judge between us!” Then Jacob swore by the Fear of his father Isaac,
May {your grandfather} Abraham’s God and {my grandfather} Nahor’s gods, {which were also} their father {Terah}’s gods, judge between us {and punish us if we break this agreement}!” But Jacob made a vow by the God whom his father Isaac revered {that he would keep their treaty},
and Jacob sacrificed a sacrifice on the mountain. Then he called his relatives to eat bread. Then they ate bread and spent the night on the mountain.
and he burned {the body of} an animal {on an altar} as a sacrifice {to God} on the mountain. Then he invited his relatives to eat a meal {together} {there}. So they {all} ate the meal {together} and spent the night there.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then in the morning Laban got up early and kissed his grandchildren and his daughters, and he blessed them. Then Laban left and returned to his place.
Early the next morning Laban got up and kissed his grandchildren and his daughters {goodbye} {on the cheeks} and asked God to bless them. Then he {and his men} left {from there} and returned home.
Then Jacob went on his way, and angels of God met him.
Meanwhile Jacob continued on his journey {toward home} {with his family}, and {some} angels from God met him.
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And when he saw them, Jacob said, “This {is} God’s camp!” So he called the name of that place Mahanaim.
When Jacob saw the angels, he exclaimed, “This is God’s army!” So he named that place Mahanaim, {which means “two armies.”}
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob sent messengers before him to Esau his brother to the land of Seir, the country of Edom.
Then Jacob sent {some} messengers ahead of him to his brother Esau {who was living} in the region of Seir, {which was also called} the country of Edom.
And he commanded them, saying, “This {is what} you will say to my lord, to Esau: ‘This {is what} your servant Jacob says, “I have been sojourning with Laban and have remained there until now.
{Before they left,} he ordered them, “This {is what} you must tell my master Esau: ‘I, your servant Jacob, want you to know that I have been staying with {our uncle} Laban all this time.
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And I have cattle and donkey{s}, flock{s}, and menservant{s} and maidservant{s}. And I have sent {messengers} to speak with my lord, so that I will find favor in your eyes.”’.”
I {now} own {many} cattle, donkeys, and flocks, as well as {many} male and female servants. I have sent this message to {you,} sir, hoping that you will be kind {to me} {when I arrive}.’ ”
Then the messengers returned to Jacob, saying, “We went to your brother, to Esau. And also, he is coming to meet you, and 400 men with him!”
{After the messengers delivered Jacob’s message,} they returned to Jacob and reported {to him}, “We went {and spoke} to your brother Esau. Now he is on his way {here} to meet you, but {there are} {also} 400 men {coming} with him!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Jacob was exceedingly afraid, and it was distressing for him, so he divided the people who {were} with him and the flock{s} and the herd{s} and the camels into two camps.
{When Jacob heard that,} he was very frightened and worried. So he put {all} the people {and animals} that were with him into two {large} groups, including {his family, his servants and} {all} his flocks {of sheep and goats}, herds {of cattle} and camels.
And he said, “If Esau comes to one camp and strikes them, then the camp that is left will escape.”
{He did that} because he thought, “If Esau {and his men} come and attack one group, then the other group might {be able to} escape.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob said, “God of my grandfather Abraham, and God of my father Isaac, Yahweh, who said to me, ‘Return to your land and to your relatives, and I will cause things to prosper with you,’
Then he prayed, “{Dear} Yahweh, the God whom my grandfather Abraham and my father Isaac served, you told me to go back to my country where my relatives live, and that you would cause me to prosper.
(There are no questions for this verse)
I am unworthy of all the kindnesses and of all the faithfulness that you have shown your servant. For I crossed this Jordan with my staff, but now I have become two camps.
I am not worthy of how kind and faithful you have always been to {me} as I have served you. When I {first} crossed this Jordan {River}, all that I owned was my walking stick, but now my family and belongings are enough to form two {large} groups.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Please save me from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau, because I am afraid of him, that he will come and strike me {and} the mothers with the children!
Please rescue me {now} from my brother Esau, because I am afraid that he {and his men} will come and attack me {as well as} {these} mothers and {our} children!
But you said, ‘I will surely cause things to prosper with you, and I will make your descendants as the sand of the sea, which cannot be counted from {their} abundance.’ ”
But you promised me that you would greatly prosper me, and that you would make my descendants {as numerous} as {the grains of} sand on the seashore, which are so numerous that no one can count them all.”
Then he stayed there for that night, and he took gifts from what was in his hand for Esau his brother:
Then Jacob spent the night there, and {during that time} he selected many of his animals to give to his brother Esau,
(There are no questions for this verse)
two hundred she-goats and twenty he-goats, two hundred ewes and twenty rams,
{including} 200 female goats and twenty male goats, 200 female sheep and twenty male sheep,
(There are no questions for this verse)
thirty nursing camels and their young, forty cows and ten bulls, twenty female donkeys and ten male donkeys.
thirty mother camels with their colts, forty cows and ten bulls, {and} twenty female donkeys and ten male donkeys.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he gave them into the hand{s} of his servants, each herd by itself. And he said to his servants, “Go before me, and put space between each herd.”
Jacob put his servants in charge of the animals, with each kind {of animal} in a separate group. Then he ordered his servants, “Go ahead of me, {one group at a time,} and keep {some} distance between each group {of animals}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he commanded the first {one}, saying, “When Esau my brother meets you and asks you, saying, ‘Whom do you {belong} to, and where are you going? And whom do these {animals} {belong} to {that are} before you?’
He {also} ordered the servant in charge of the first group {of animals}, “When my brother Esau meets you and asks you, ‘Who is your master, and where are you headed? And who do these {animals} belong to {that you are driving} ahead of you?’
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then you say, ‘{They belong} to your servant, to Jacob. They {are} a gift sent to my lord, to Esau. And behold, he {is} also behind us.’ ”
then you are to tell {him}, ‘Esau, sir, these {animals} belong to Jacob who {humbly} serves you. He has sent them to you as a gift. In fact, he is following us {here}.’ ”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he also commanded the second {servant}, also the third, also all who followed behind the herds, saying, “Say the same thing to Esau when you find him.
In the same way, Jacob ordered the servants who were in charge of the second and third groups {of animals}, and all {the servants} who were in charge of the {other} groups, “When you meet Esau, tell him the same thing {that I told the first servant}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And also say, ‘Behold, your servant Jacob {is} behind us.’ ” For he said, “I will cover his face with the gift that is going before me, and after that, when I see his face, perhaps he will receive my face.”
Especially be sure to tell {him} that his servant Jacob is following you {there}.” {Jacob did all that,} because he thought that if he sent the gifts {of animals} ahead of himself {to Esau}, then Esau would stop being angry at him. He was hoping that when Esau saw the gifts, he would {forgive him and} welcome him when they met in person.
Then the gift went before him, and he himself stayed for that night in the camp.
So Jacob’s servants {went} ahead of Jacob with the {animal} gifts {for Esau}, while Jacob {and his family} stayed {behind} in the camp that night.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then during that night he got up and took his two wives and his two maidservants and his eleven sons and crossed over the ford of the Jabbok.
{Later} that {same} night Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two servant wives and his eleven sons across a shallow place in the Jabbok {Stream}.
So he took them and had them cross over the stream, and he sent what {belonged} to him across.
{After} he had taken them across the stream, he {went back and} had his servants take {all} his {animals and other} belongings across {the stream} {too}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob was left alone, and a man wrestled with him until the dawn came up.
Then Jacob was {there} by himself {for a while}, and a man {came and} fought with him until daybreak.
And he saw that he was not prevailing over him, so he touched {him} on the socket of his hip, so that the socket of Jacob’s hip was dislocated as he wrestled with him.
When the man realized that he was not able to defeat Jacob, he struck him on his hip, so that it went out of place as they fought with each other.
Then he said, “Release me, because the dawn has come up!” But he said, “I will not release you unless you bless me!”
Then the man said {to him}, “Let go of me, because it is daybreak!” But Jacob replied, “{No!} I will not let go of you until you {first} bless me!”
So he said to him, “What {is} your name?” And he said, “Jacob.”
So the man asked him, “What {is} your name?” He answered, “{My name is} Jacob.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said, “Your name will not be called Jacob anymore, but Israel, because you have struggled with God and with men, and you have prevailed.”
Then the man said, “Your name will no longer be Jacob, but {rather it will be} Israel, {which means “he who wrestles with God,”} because you have wrestled with God and with people, and you have won.”
Then Jacob asked and said, “Please tell {me} your name.” But he said, “Why {is} this you are asking for my name?” Then he blessed him there.
Then Jacob asked {the man} to tell him his name. But he replied, “There is no need for you to ask {me} what my name is!” Then the man blessed Jacob there.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So Jacob called the name of the place Peniel, because {he said}, “I saw God face to face, but my life was preserved!”
So Jacob named the place Peniel, {which means “God’s face,”} because {he exclaimed}, “I saw God’s face {here}, but {yet} he allowed me to live!”
And the sun rose on him as he passed Penuel, and he was limping because of his hip.
The sun was shining as Jacob left Penuel {and returned to his family}. He was limping {as he walked} because of his hip {injury}.
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For that {reason}, to this day the sons of Israel do not eat the muscle of the tendon that {is} on the socket of the hip, because he touched the socket of Jacob’s hip on the muscle of the tendon.
That is why even today the people of Israel do not eat meat that comes from an {animal’s} hip joint, because that is the place on Jacob’s hip that God struck {and injured}.
Then Jacob lifted his eyes and looked, and behold, Esau was coming, and with him 400 men. Then he divided the children among Leah and Rachel and the two maidservants.
Then Jacob looked and saw {in the distance} that Esau was coming {toward him}, and with him {were} 400 men! So Jacob {quickly} divided up {his} children among Leah, Rachel and {his} two servant wives.
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And he put the maidservants and their children first, and Leah and her children after them, and Rachel and Joseph after them.
He put his servant wives and their children first {in line}, then Leah with her children behind them, and Rachel with {her son} Joseph last.
Then he himself went before them, and he bowed to the ground seven times as he came near to his brother.
Then Jacob himself went ahead of them {all} {toward his brother}. As he got closer to him, he bowed {with his face} to the ground seven times {to show respect}.
But Esau ran to meet him and embraced him, and he fell on his neck and kissed him, and they cried.
But Esau ran to greet Jacob and hugged him. He held him tightly and kissed him {on the cheeks}, as they {both} cried {for joy}.
Then he lifted his eyes and saw the women and the children, and he said, “Who {are} these with you?” And he said, “The children whom God has graciously given to your servant.”
Then Esau looked ahead and noticed the women and children {who were there}, so he asked {Jacob}, “Who {are} these {people}? {Do they belong} to you?” Jacob answered {him}, “{They are} {the wives and} the children whom God has kindly given to me, sir.”
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Then the maidservants came near, they and their children, and they bowed down.
Then the {two} servant wives with their children came forward, and they {all} bowed {to the ground} {in front of Esau} {to show respect}.
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Then Leah also came near and her children, and they bowed down. Then after {that}, Joseph came near and Rachel, and they bowed down.
Next Leah and her children also came forward and bowed {to the ground}. Then last {of all}, Joseph and {his mother} Rachel came forward, and they {also} bowed {to the ground}.
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Then he said, “What to you {are} all these groups that I met?” And he said, “To find favor in the eyes of my lord.”
Then Esau asked {Jacob}, “Why did you send all those herds {of animals} that I encountered?” Jacob answered {him}, “{They are gifts for you} so that you will be kind to me, sir.”
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Then Esau said, “I have plenty, my brother. Let what {belongs} to you be yours.”
But Esau replied, “My brother, I {already} have enough {animals}, {so} keep them for yourself.”
But Jacob said, “No, please. If, please, I have found favor in your eyes, then take my gift from my hand. For indeed I have seen your face, {which is} like seeing the face of God, and you have received me.
But Jacob insisted, “Please do not refuse {my gifts}. {Rather,} if you want to be kind to me, then {please} accept these gifts from me. After all, for me to see your face is like seeing God’s face, especially since you have welcomed me {so kindly}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Please take my blessing that was brought to you, because God has been gracious to me, and because I have everything.” And he urged him, so he took {it}.
{So} please accept my gift {of animals} that I sent to you, because God has been kind to me, so that I have all {that I need}.” Jacob kept insisting {that Esau accept the animals from him} until {finally} he accepted {them}.
Then he said, “Let’s travel and go, and I will go in front of you.”
Then Esau suggested {to Jacob}, “Let’s start traveling {home}, and I will accompany you.”
But he said to him, “My lord knows that the children {are} tender and the flock{s} and the herd{s} {that} are nursing {are} with me. And if they drive them one day, then all the flock{s} will die.
But Jacob replied to him, “Sir, as you know, {my} children {are} fragile, and I need {to be careful with} {all} the sheep and cattle that are nursing {their young}. If I force the animals to go too far {for} {even} one day, all of them will die.
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Please let my lord go on before his servant, and I will lead them on at my gentle pace, at the pace of the livestock that {are} ahead of me and at the pace of the children, until I come to my lord in Seir.”
{So then,} sir, please go on {home} ahead of me, sir. I will travel along slowly at a safe pace for the animals and the children that are with me, until we reach you in {the region of} Seir.”
And Esau said, “Please let me leave with you some of the people who {are} with me.” But he said, “Why {do} that? Let me find favor in the eyes of my lord.”
So Esau responded, “{Okay, then} please let me leave with you some of my men {to escort you}.” But Jacob replied, “There is no need {for you} to do that. {Just} please {continue to} be kind to me, sir.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So on that day Esau went on his way back to Seir.
So that {same} day Esau {and his men} started on their way back {home} to {the land of} Seir.
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And Jacob traveled to Succoth, and he built a house for himself, and for his livestock he made shelters. For that {reason} he called the name of the place Succoth.
Meanwhile, {instead of going to Seir,} Jacob {and his family} traveled to {the town of} Succoth. There he {and his men} built houses for himself {and his family}, and they built {some} shelters for his animals. That is why the name of that place is Succoth, {which means “shelters.”}
Then Jacob came {in} peace {to} the city of Shechem, which {was} in the land of Canaan, when he came from Paddan Aram, and he camped before the city.
{After that,} Jacob {and his family} continued their journey {home} from Paddan Aram, until they arrived safely at the city of Shechem in the region of Canaan. Then they set up their tents {in a field} near that city.
And he bought the portion of the field where he pitched his tent{s} from the hand{s} of the sons of Hamor, the father of Shechem, for a hundred kesitahs.
{While he was there,} he bought the land where he had set up his tents for a hundred pieces {of silver} from the descendants of Hamor, {who was} the father of Shechem.
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And there he set up an altar, and he called it El Elohe Israel.
Jacob {also} built an altar {out of stones} on that land, and he named it El Elohe Israel, {which means “God is the God of Israel.”}
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Then Dinah, the daughter of Leah, whom she had born for Jacob, went out to see the daughters of the land.
Then {one day} Dinah, {who was} the daughter of Jacob and Leah, went out to visit with {some of} the local women.
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And Shechem, the son of Hamor the Hivite, the ruler of the land, saw her, and he took her and lay with her and violated her.
The chief of that region was a Hivite named Hamor. His son Shechem saw {how beautiful} Dinah was, so he grabbed {hold of} her and raped her.
And his soul was attached to Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the young woman and spoke to the heart of the young woman.
Shechem admired Jacob’s daughter Dinah so much that he fell in love with her and spoke sweetly to her {to try to woo her}.
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Then Shechem said to Hamor his father, saying, “Get this girl for me as a wife.”
Then Shechem said to his father Hamor, “Negotiate {things} for me so that I can marry this girl.”
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Then Jacob heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter, and his sons were with his livestock in the fields, so Jacob kept quiet until they came.
When Jacob found out that Shechem had dishonored his daughter Dinah, his sons were {still} {out} in the fields taking care of his animals, so he didn’t say anything {about it} until they returned {home}.
And Hamor the father of Shechem came out to Jacob to talk with him.
Meanwhile, {Shechem and} his father Hamor went to talk to Jacob.
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Then the sons of Jacob came from the fields. When they heard, then the men were grieved and it burned within them greatly, because he had done something disgraceful to Israel by lying with the daughter of Jacob, and such a thing should not have been done!
Soon Jacob’s sons returned {home} from the fields. When they heard {what had happened}, they were shocked and extremely angry that Shechem had dishonored {the people of} Israel by raping Jacob’s daughter. No one should ever do such a {horrible} thing!
But Hamor spoke with them, saying, “Shechem my son, his soul is attached to your daughter. Please give her to him as a wife.
But Hamor urged Jacob and his sons, “My son Shechem deeply loves your daughter {and sister}. {So} please allow him to marry her.
And intermarry with us: Give your daughters to us, and take our daughters for yourselves,
{In fact,} let’s allow marriage between our two people groups, {so that} your daughters can marry our {young men} and your {young men} can marry our daughters.
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and settle with us. And the land is before you. Settle and trade in it, and acquire {property} in it.”
You can live among us. The land is available for you {to choose what you want}; live {in it} {wherever you want}. You can {also} trade {freely} here, and you can buy {your own} {land}.”
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Then Shechem said to her father and to her brothers, “Let me find favor in your eyes, and what you say to me I will give.
Then Shechem said to Dinah’s father and brothers, “{Please} be kind to me {and let me marry her}. Then I will pay {you} whatever you request from me {for her}.
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Increase greatly the dowry and gift for me, and I will give according to what you say to me. Then give the young woman to me as a wife.”
Set the bride-price and {marriage} gifts {that I must pay} {for her} as high as you want, and I will pay {you} whatever you ask from me. {Just please} give the young woman to me to marry.”
Then the sons of Jacob answered Shechem and Hamor his father with deceit when they spoke, because he had defiled Dinah their sister.
But since Shechem had dishonored their sister Dinah, Jacob’s sons replied to him and his father Hamor in a deceitful way.
And they said to them, “We are not able to do this thing, to give our sister to a man who has a foreskin, because that {is} a disgrace to us!
They said to them, “It would not be acceptable for us to let our sister marry a man {like you} who is not circumcised, because that would dishonor our family!
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Only on this {condition} will we consent with you: if you become like us by every male among you being circumcised.
The only way that we can agree with your proposal {is} if {first} you {and your people} become like us by circumcising all of your males.
Then we will give our daughters to you, and we will take your daughters for us. And we will settle with you, and we will become one people.
{If you do that,} then we will allow your {young} men to marry our daughters, and {we will allow} your daughters to marry our {young men}. We will {also} live among you {in this land}, so that we become one people group.
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But if you will not listen to us to be circumcised, then we will take our daughter and go.”
However if you refuse to agree with our requirement that you circumcise {your people}, then we will take our sister and move {somewhere else}.”
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And their words were good in the eyes of Hamor and in the eyes of Shechem, Hamor’s son.
What Jacob’s sons said seemed good to Hamor and his son Shechem.
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So the young man did not delay to do the thing, because he was delighted with the daughter of Jacob, and he was honored more than all of the house of his father.
So right away Shechem, who was the most respected member in his family, started to do what they required, because he was thrilled with Jacob’s daughter.
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So Hamor and Shechem his son went to the gate of their city, and they spoke to the men of their city, saying,
In fact, he and his father Hamor went {straight} to their city entrance {for a town meeting}, and they told the elders of their city {about Jacob and his sons},
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“These men {are} peaceful with us, so let them settle in the land, and let them trade in it. And behold, the land {is} broad of hands before them. We can take their daughters for ourselves as wives, and we can give our daughters to them.
“These people are friendly toward us, so {let’s} allow them to live in {our} land and trade {freely} here. After all, there is more than enough space in the land for them {too}. {Besides that,} {then} our {young} men can marry their daughters, and their {young} men can marry our daughters.
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Only on this {condition} will the men consent with us to settle with us, to become one people: when every male among us is circumcised just as they are circumcised.
There is just one thing: They will only agree to live among us and become one people group {with us} if we circumcise all our males so that we are like them.
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Their livestock and their property and all their animals, will they not {belong} to us? Only let us consent with them, and they will settle with us!”
{But if we do that,} {all} their property, {including} their livestock and all their {other} animals will belong to us! {So} let’s just agree to do what they require so that they will live among us!”
And all who went out of the gate of his city listened to Hamor and to Shechem his son, and every male was circumcised, all who went out of the gate of his city.
All {the men} who were leaders of the city agreed with Hamor and his son Shechem, so they circumcised every male in the city, including themselves.
Then it happened on the third day, when they were in pain, then two of Jacob’s sons, Simeon and Levi, brothers of Dinah, each took his sword and went upon the city boldly and killed every male.
Three days later, when the men of {the city of} Shechem were {all} {still} sore {from being circumcised}, two of Jacob’s sons, Simeon and Levi, {who were} Dinah’s brothers, took their swords and attacked the city, with no one opposing them. They killed all the men {there}
And they killed Hamor and Shechem his son with the mouth of the sword, and they took Dinah from the house of Shechem and left.
with their swords, including Hamor and his son Shechem. Then they got Dinah from Shechem’s house and left {the city}.
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The sons of Jacob came upon the slain and plundered the city, because they had defiled their sister.
{Next} {all} Jacob’s sons went {into the city} and took everything valuable from the dead bodies and from {the rest of} the city. {They did that,} because {that was where} Shechem had dishonored their sister.
They took their flock{s} and their herd{s} and their donkeys, and what {was} in the city and what {was} in the field{s}.
They plundered whatever was in the city and in the {surrounding} fields, including the people’s flocks {of sheep and goats}, their herds {of cattle} and their donkeys.
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And all their wealth and all their little ones and their women they took captive, and they also plundered everything that {was} in the houses.
They carried away all the valuable things the people of Shechem had owned, including everything that was in their houses. They also captured their women and children.
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Then Jacob said to Simeon and to Levi, “You have brought trouble on me by making me stink among {those} who live in the land, among the Canaanites and among the Perizzites! And I am few of number, and if they gather together against me and attack me, then I will be destroyed, I and my house!”
Later Jacob scolded Simeon and Levi {by saying}, “You have brought me {serious} trouble by causing the Canaanites and Perizzites who live in this land to hate us!” I {only} have a few men {to defend us}, so if they {all} join {forces} against us and attack us, they will destroy us and {the rest of} our family!”
But they said, “Should he have treated our sister like a prostitute?”
But Simeon and Levi responded, “Shechem should not have treated our sister like a whore!”
Then God said to Jacob, “Get up, go up to Bethel and settle there, and make an altar there to the God who appeared to you when you were fleeing from the presence of Esau your brother.”
Then God commanded Jacob, “Leave here and move to {the town of} Bethel. Build an altar there {and offer sacrifices on it} to worship {me as} the God who appeared to you {there} when you were running away from your brother Esau.”
So Jacob said to his household and to all who {were} with him, “Remove the foreign gods that {are} among you, and purify yourselves and change your clothes.
So Jacob told his family and everyone else who {was} with him, “Get rid of the idols you have that other people groups worship. Also wash and make yourselves clean and put on clean clothes.
Then let us get up and go up to Bethel, and there I will make an altar to God, who answered me in the day of my distress. And he has been with me in the way that I have gone.”
Then we will leave here and move to {the town of} Bethel. There we will build an altar and worship God because he helped me during the time when I was in trouble. He has {always} been with us {and taken care of us} everywhere that we have gone.”
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So they gave to Jacob all the foreign gods that {were} in their hand{s} and the rings that {were} in their ears, and Jacob hid them under the terebinth tree that {was} by Shechem.
So they gave Jacob all their idols and {all} their earrings. Then Jacob buried all those things at the base of the oak tree that {was} near {the city of} Shechem.
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Then they set out, and the dread of God was on the cities that {were} around them, so that they did not pursue after the sons of Jacob.
Then Jacob and everyone with him left that place, and God caused {the people in} the surrounding towns to be terrified, so that they did not attack Jacob’s family.
Then Jacob came to Luz, which {is} Bethel, which {is} in the land of Canaan, he and all the people who {were} with him.
He and his family {continued traveling} in the region of Canaan, and they arrived at {the town of} Luz, which {also has the name} Bethel.
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And there he built an altar, and he called the place El Bethel, because there God had revealed himself to him when he was fleeing from the presence of his brother.
There Jacob built an altar, and he named the place El Bethel, {which means “the God of Bethel,”} because that is where God had {first} appeared to him when he was running away from his brother.
Then Deborah, the nurse of Rebekah, died and was buried below Bethel, under the oak tree. So he called its name Allon Bacuth.
{While they were there,} Deborah died. She was the servant that had helped raise {Jacob’s mother} Rebekah {when she was young}. Jacob buried her body at the base of an oak tree, {in the valley} near {the town of} Bethel. So he named the place Allon Bacuth, {which means “oak tree of mourning.”}
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then God appeared to Jacob again when he had come from Paddan Aram, and he blessed him,
Now that Jacob had returned from {the region of} Paddan Aram, God appeared to him {at Bethel} again. {There} God blessed him
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and God said to him, “Your name {is} Jacob. Your name will not be called Jacob anymore, but Israel will be your name!” So he called his name Israel.
and said to him, “{Although} your name {has been} Jacob, that will no longer be your name. Rather, you will have the name Israel!” So {once again} God gave Jacob the name Israel.
Then God said to him, “I {am} God Almighty. Be fruitful and multiply. A nation and a community of nations will be from you, and kings will come from your loins.
Then God {also} said to Jacob, “I am Almighty God. Have many children so that you {and your descendants} become {very} numerous. Your descendants will become many people groups, and some of your descendants will be kings.
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And the land that I gave to Abraham and to Isaac I will give to you, and I will give the land to your descendants after you.”
{Besides that,} the land that I gave to Abraham and Isaac I {also} give to you and your descendants {who live} after you.”
Then God went up from him at the place where he spoke with him.
After God finished talking to Jacob, he left him there and went up {to heaven}.
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Then Jacob set up a pillar at the place where he had spoken with him, a pillar of stone, and he poured a drink offering on it, and he poured oil on it.
Then Jacob stood a {large} stone up {on its end} at the place where God had talked to him, to mark the place {as special}. Then he poured some wine and some {olive} oil on the stone marker {to thank God and dedicate the place to him}.
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And Jacob called the name of the place where God spoke with him Bethel.
Since God had talked to Jacob at that place, Jacob named it Bethel, {which means “God’s house.”}
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Then they set out from Bethel, and there was still a distance of land to come to Ephrath. Then Rachel started giving birth but was having great difficulty while she was giving birth.
Later Jacob and his family moved on from Bethel and headed for {the town of} Ephrath. While they were still some distance from there, {his wife} Rachel went into labor, but she was experiencing great difficulty.
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And it happened when she was in hard labor, then the midwife said to her, “Do not be afraid, because this {is} also a son for you!”
Then when her labor pain was at its worst, {the baby was born and} the woman who was helping her deliver exclaimed to her, “Do not despair! You {now} have another son!”
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Then it happened as her soul was leaving {her}—for she was dying, then she called his name Ben-oni, but his father called him Benjamin.
But Rachel was dying, and as her spirit was leaving her body, she named her baby Benoni {which means “son of my sorrow”}. But {later,} his father {Jacob} changed his name to Benjamin, {which means “son of my right hand.”}
So Rachel died and was buried on the way to Ephrath, which {is} Bethlehem.
After Rachel died, they buried her body beside the road to {the town of} Ephrath, which {also has the name} Bethlehem.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Jacob set up a pillar over her grave; that {is} the pillar of Rachel’s grave to this day.
Jacob stood a stone up {on its end} on her grave {to mark where it was}. {In fact,} that {same} stone still marks Rachel’s grave today.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Israel set out and pitched his tents beyond Migdal Eder.
Then Israel {and his family} moved on {from there} and set up their tents on the south side of the tower of Eder.
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And it happened while Israel was living in that land, then Reuben went and lay with Bilhah, the concubine of his father, and Israel heard.
Now the sons of Jacob were twelve.
While they were living in that area, {Israel’s son} Reuben committed adultery with his father’s servant-wife Bilhah, and Israel found out {about it}. {With the birth of Benjamin,} Jacob {now} had {a total of} twelve sons.
The sons of Leah {were} Reuben the firstborn of Jacob, then Simeon and Levi and Judah and Issachar and Zebulun.
The sons {he had} with Leah {were} Reuben, {who was} his oldest {child}, then Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.
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The sons of Rachel {were} Joseph and Benjamin.
The sons {he had} with Rachel {were} Joseph and Benjamin.
And the sons of Bilhah, the maidservant of Rachel, {were} Dan and Naphtali.
The sons {he had} with Rachel’s servant Bilhah {were} Dan and Naphtali.
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And the sons of Zilpah, the maidservant of Leah, {were} Gad and Asher. Those {are} the sons of Jacob who were born to him in Paddan Aram.
And the sons {he had} with Leah’s servant Zilpah were Gad and Asher. {All} those {are} the sons Jacob had {starting from the time that he lived} in {the region of} Paddan Aram.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob came to Isaac his father in Mamre, Kiriath Arba, which {is} Hebron, where Abraham and Isaac had sojourned.
Then Jacob went {home} to his father Isaac {in the city of} Mamre, which {also has the name} Kiriath Arba or Hebron, where Abraham and Isaac {and their families} had lived for a while {as foreigners}.
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And the days of Isaac were 180 years.
Isaac lived to be 180 years old.
Then Isaac exhaled and died, and he was gathered to his people, old and full of days. And Esau and Jacob, his sons, buried him.
Then, after living a long, full life, he took his last breath and died, and he joined his ancestors {who had died before him}. Then his sons Esau and Jacob buried his body.
And these {are} the generations of Esau, who {is} Edom.
Here {is} a record about the descendants of Esau, whose {name} was {also} Edom.
Esau had taken his wives from the daughters of Canaan: Adah, the daughter of Elon the Hittite, and Oholibamah, the daughter of Anah {and} the {grand}daughter of Zibeon the Hivite,
Esau had married {two} Canaanite women. {Their names were} Adah, {who was} the daughter of a Hittite {man} named Elon, and Oholibamah, whose father was Anah and whose grandfather was a Hivite named Zibeon.
and Basemath, the daughter of Ishmael {and} the sister of Nebaioth.
{Esau also married} Basemath, {who was} Ishmael’s daughter and Nebaioth’s sister.
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And Adah bore Eliphaz for Esau, and Basemath bore Reuel,
Adah had {a son} with Esau {whom they named} Eliphaz, while Basemath had {a son named} Reuel.
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and Oholibamah bore Jeush and Jalam and Korah. Those {were} the sons of Esau who were born for him in the land of Canaan.
Oholibamah had {sons named} Jeush, Jalam, and Korah. {All} those {were} Esau’s sons whom he and his wives had {while they lived} in the region of Canaan.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Esau took his wives and his sons and his daughters and all the people of his house, and his livestock and all his animal{s} and all his possession{s} that he had acquired in the land of Canaan, and he went to a land from the presence of Jacob his brother,
Later Esau moved away from his brother Jacob. He took {with him} his wives, his sons, his daughters, and all the {other} members of his household, as well as his livestock and all {the rest of} his animals and all the {other} belongings that he had gotten in the region of Canaan.
because their possession{s} were {too} great for them to remain together, and the land of their sojournings was not able to support them because of their livestock.
The reason {he moved away} is that he and Jacob {both} owned so many animals that they could not live together {in the same area}. The land where they were staying was {just} not big enough to support them {both} because they had so many livestock.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So Esau settled in the mountains of Seir; Esau, who {is} Edom.
That is how Esau {and his family} ended up living in the Seir Mountains. {That is the record about} Esau, that {is}, Edom.
Now these {are} the generations of Esau, the father of the Edomites in the mountains of Seir.
Here {is} a {more detailed} record of the descendants of Esau, {who was} the ancestor of the Edomites {who live} in the Seir Mountains.
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These {are} the names of the sons of Esau: Eliphaz, the son of Esau’s wife Adah, and Reuel, the son of Esau’s wife Basemath.
{Two of} Esau’s sons {were} Eliphaz, whom he had with his wife Adah, and Reuel, whom he had with his wife Basemath.
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And the sons of Eliphaz were Teman, Omar, Zepho and Gatam and Kenaz.
Eliphaz {and his wife} had sons {they named} Teman, Omar, Zepho, Gatam, and Kenaz.
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And Timna was a concubine for Esau’s son Eliphaz, and she bore Amalek for Eliphaz. Those {were} the grandsons of Adah, the wife of Esau.
Eliphaz and his servant-wife Timna had {a son they named} Amalek. Eliphaz’s sons {were} {all} grandsons of {Esau and} his wife Adah.
And these {were} the sons of Reuel: Nahath and Zerah, Shammah and Mizzah. Those were the grandsons of Basemath, the wife of Esau.
Reuel’s sons {were} Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah. They were the grandsons of {Esau and} his wife Basemath.
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And these were the sons of Esau’s wife Oholibamah, the daughter of Anah {and} the {grand}daughter of Zibeon: and she bore Jeush and Jalam and Korah for Esau.
Esau and his wife Oholibamah had sons {whom they named} Jeush, Jalam, and Korah. {Oholibamah was} the daughter of Anah and the granddaughter of Zibeon.
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These {were} the chiefs of the sons of Esau. The sons of Eliphaz, the firstborn of Esau, {were} Chief Teman, Chief Omar, Chief Zepho, Chief Kenaz,
Here {is} {a record of} the descendants of Esau {who became} clan leaders: The sons of his firstborn {son} Eliphaz {who became} clan leaders {were} Teman, Omar, Zepho, Kenaz,
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Chief Korah, Chief Gatam, Chief Amalek. Those {were} the chiefs of Eliphaz in the land of Edom. Those {were} the grandsons of Adah.
Korah, Gatam, and Amalek. They {were} the clan leaders {who descended} from Eliphaz {and lived} in the land of Edom. They {were} {all} grandsons of Adah {and Esau}.
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And these {were} the sons of Reuel, the son of Esau: Chief Nahath, Chief Zerah, Chief Shammah, Chief Mizzah. Those {were} the chiefs of Reuel in the land of Edom. Those {were} the grandsons of Basemath, the wife of Esau.
The sons of Esau’s son Reuel {who became} clan leaders {were} Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah. They {were} the clan leaders {who descended} from Reuel {and lived} in the land of Edom. They {were} {all} grandsons of {Esau and} his wife Basemath.
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And these {were} the sons of Oholibamah, the wife of Esau: Chief Jeush, Chief Jalam, Chief Korah. Those {were} the chiefs of Esau’s wife Oholibamah, the daughter of Anah.
The sons of Esau’s wife Oholibamah {who became} clan leaders were Jeush, Jalam, and Korah. They {were} the clan leaders {who descended} from {Esau and} his wife Oholibamah, {who was} Anah’s daughter.
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Those {were} the sons of Esau, and those {were} their chiefs. He {is} Edom.
{All} those {clan leaders} {were} the descendants of Esau, that {is}, Edom, and each one led his own family group.
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These {were} the sons of Seir the Horite who were inhabiting the land: Lotan and Shobal and Zibeon and Anah
Here is {a record of} the descendants of Seir the Horite who were {also} living in that land: Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah,
and Dishon and Ezer and Dishan. Those {were} the chiefs of the Horites, the sons of Seir, in the land of Edom.
Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan. They were the descendants of Seir {who became} clan leaders over the Horites in the land of Edom.
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And the sons of Lotan were Hori and Hemam, and the sister of Lotan {was} Timna.
Lotan’s sons were Hori and Hemam, and his sister {was} Timna.
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And these {were} the sons of Shobal: Alvan and Manahath and Ebal, Shepho, and Onam.
Shobal’s sons {were} Alvan, Manahath, Ebal, Shepho and Onam.
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And these {were} the sons of Zibeon: both Aiah and Anah. He {is} Anah who found the hot springs in the wilderness when he was pasturing the donkeys for Zibeon his father.
Zibeon’s sons {were} Aiah and Anah. This {is} {the same} Anah who discovered some hot springs while he was {out} in the desert grazing his father’s donkeys.
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And these {were} the children of Anah: Dishon and Oholibamah, the daughter of Anah.
Anah’s children {were} {his son} Dishon and his daughter Oholibamah.
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And these {were} the sons of Dishon: Hemdan and Eshban and Ithran and Keran.
Dishon’s sons {were} Hemdan, Eshban, Ithran, and Keran.
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These {were} the sons of Ezer: Bilhan and Zaavan and Akan.
Ezer’s sons {were} Bilhan, Zaavan, and Akan.
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These {were} the sons of Dishan: Uz and Aran.
Dishan’s sons {were} Uz and Aran.
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These {were} the chiefs of the Horites: Chief Lotan, Chief Shobal, Chief Zibeon, Chief Anah,
The Horites {who became} clan leaders {were} Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah,
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Chief Dishon, Chief Ezer, Chief Dishan. Those {were} the chiefs of the Horites, according to their clans in the land of Seir.
Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan. Those {were} the Horite clan leaders. They led their own family groups {and lived} in the land of Seir.
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And these {were} the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before a king reigned for the sons of Israel.
Here {is} {a record of} the kings who ruled over {the people of} the land of Edom before the Israelites had their own king.
And Bela the son of Beor reigned in Edom, and the name of his city {was} Dinhabah.
Bela, {who was} the son of Beor, was the {first} king to rule over {the people of} {the land of} Edom. The name of his hometown {that he ruled from} {was} Dinhabah.
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Then Bela died, and Jobab the son of Zerah from Bozrah reigned in his place.
When {King} Bela died, Jobab, {who was} the son of Zerah, replaced him as king {and ruled} from {his hometown of} Bozrah.
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Then Jobab died, and Husham from the land of the Temanites reigned in his place.
When {King} Jobab died, Husham replaced him as king {and ruled} from {his hometown, which was in} the land where the Temanites lived.
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Then Husham died, and Hadad the son of Bedad reigned in his place, who struck the Midianites in the field of Moab. And the name of his city {was} Avith.
When {King} Husham died, Hadad, {who was} the son of Bedad, replaced him as king. {King Hadad is the one} who defeated the Midianites {in battle} in the land of Moab. The name of his hometown {that he ruled from} {was} Avith.
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Then Hadad died, and Samlah from Masrekah reigned in his place.
When {King} Hadad died, Samlah replaced him as king {and ruled} from {his hometown of} Masrekah.
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Then Samlah died, and Shaul from Rehoboth {on} the river reigned in his place.
When {King} Samlah died, Shaul replaced him as king {and ruled} from {his hometown of} Rehoboth beside the {Euphrates} River.
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Then Shaul died, and Baal-Hanan the son of Acbor reigned in his place.
When {King} Shaul died, Baal-Hanan, {who was} the son of Acbor, replaced him as king.
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Then Baal-Hanan the son of Acbor died, and Hadar reigned in his place, and the name of his city {was} Pau. And the name of his wife {was} Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred {and} the granddaughter of Me-Zahab.
When {King} Baal-Hanan died, Hadar replaced him as king, and the name of his hometown {that he ruled from} {was} Pau. His wife’s name {was} Mehetabel, {who was} the daughter of Matred {and} the granddaughter of Me-Zahab.
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And these {are} the names of the chiefs of Esau, according to their clans, according to their places, by their names: Chief Timna, Chief Alvah, Chief Jetheth,
Here {are} the names of {more of} the clan leaders {who descended} from Esau; {each clan leader led} his own family group and ruled his own region that was named after him: Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,
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Chief Oholibamah, Chief Elah, Chief Pinon,
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Chief Kenaz, Chief Teman, Chief Mibzar,
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Chief Magdiel, Chief Iram. Those {were} the chiefs of Edom, according to their dwellings in the land of their possession. That {was} Esau, the father of the Edomites.
Magdiel, {and} Iram. {All of} those {were} clan leaders over the Edomites; they {all} led their own settlements in the land that they controlled. This {concludes the record about} Esau, {who was} the ancestor of {all} the Edomites.
And Jacob lived in the land of his father’s sojournings, in the land of Canaan.
Jacob continued to live in the region of Canaan where his father {Isaac} had lived for a while {as a foreigner}.
These {are} the generations of Jacob: Joseph, a son of seventeen years, was shepherding the flock{s} with his brothers, and he {was} a young man with the sons of Bilhah and the sons of Zilpah, his father’s wives, and Joseph brought a bad report about them to their father.
Here is {more of} the record about Jacob and his family: {One day} {his} seventeen-year-old son Joseph was taking care of the {family’s} flocks {of sheep and goats}. Joseph was helping his brothers {who were} the sons of his father’s {servant} wives Bilhah and Zilpah, and he told their father about the bad things they were doing.
Now Israel loved Joseph more than all of his sons because he {was} a son of his old age. So he made a multicolored tunic for him.
Now Israel, {that is, Jacob,} loved Joseph more than any of his other sons because he was born to him when he was old. So he made a {special} robe for Joseph that had many colors.
And his brothers saw that their father loved him more than all of his brothers, so they hated him and were not able to speak to him peaceably.
When Joseph’s brothers realized that their father loved Joseph more than the rest of them, they hated him so much that they would not talk to him in a friendly manner.
Then Joseph dreamed a dream and told it to his brothers, and they continued to hate him even more.
{One night} Joseph had a dream, and he told his brothers about it. That made them hate him even more {than before}.
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And he said to them, “Please hear this dream that I dreamed:
{This is what} he told them, “Please listen to this dream that I had:
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And behold, we were binding sheaves in the middle of a field, and behold, my sheaf got up and also stood upright, and behold, your sheaves gathered around and bowed down to my sheaf.”
{In it} I saw us {working} out in a field {cutting and} tying bundles {of grain stalks}. Then suddenly the bundle that I had made stood up straight. Then I saw that the bundles you had made stood around {my bundle} and bowed down to my bundle {to show respect}.”
Then his brothers said to him, “Will you really reign over us? Will you really rule over us?” And they continued to hate him even more because of his dreams and because of his words.
His brothers responded to him, “Do you really expect to be our king? You will never rule over us!” So they hated him even more {intensely} {than they did before} because of what he had said {to them} about his dreams.
Then he dreamed yet another dream, and he related it to his brothers. And he said, “Behold, I dreamed another dream, and behold, the sun and the moon and eleven stars were bowing down to me.”
Then Joseph had another dream that he {also} told to his brothers. He said, “Listen, I {just} had another dream, and {in it} I saw that the sun, the moon, and eleven stars bowed down {to the ground} before me {to show respect}.”
And he related it to his father and to his brothers, but his father rebuked him and said to him, “What {is} this dream that you dreamed? Will your mother and I and your brothers really come to bow down to the ground to you?”
Later Joseph told {the same dream} to {both} his father and his brothers, but his father scolded him by saying, “That {is} a strange dream that you had! Do you really expect your mother and me and your brothers to bow down before you?”
And his brothers envied him, but his father kept the matter {in mind}.
So Joseph’s brothers were jealous of him, but his father continued to think about what it all could mean.
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Then his brothers went to shepherd the flock{s} of their father near Shechem.
Sometime after that, Joseph’s brothers took their father’s flock{s} {of sheep and goats} to graze {in the fields} near {the city of} Shechem.
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And Israel said to Joseph, “Aren’t your brothers shepherding near Shechem? Come and I will send you to them.” And he said to him, “Behold me.”
Then {one day} Israel said to Joseph, “As you know, your brothers are tending {our flocks} near {the city of} Shechem. Get ready so that I can send you to them.” Joseph responded, “I’m ready {to go}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said to him, “Please go and see the well-being of your brothers and the well-being of the flock{s}, and bring me word.” So he sent him from the valley of Hebron, and he went to Shechem.
Then Israel told him, “Please go and check on how your brothers and the flock{s} are doing. Then report back to me {what you find out}.” So Israel sent him {on his way} from {their home in} the valley near {the city of} Hebron, and Joseph traveled to {the city of} Shechem.
And a man found him, and behold, he was wandering around in the fields. So the man asked him, saying, “What are you looking for?”
{When he arrived there,} a man saw him searching around in the {nearby} fields and asked him, “What are you looking for?”
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And he said, “I am looking for my brothers. Please tell me where they are shepherding.”
He replied, “I am looking for my brothers. Can you tell me where they are tending {their flocks}?”
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Then the man said, “They set out from here. For I heard them say, ‘Let us go to Dothan.’ ”
Then Joseph went after his brothers and found them at Dothan.
The man answered, “They were here and then left, but I overheard them say that they were going to {the town of} Dothan.” So Joseph followed his brothers and caught up with them near {the town of} Dothan.
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But they saw him from a distance, and before he came near to them, then they conspired against him to kill him.
But they saw him while he was still some distance away, and before he reached them, they made plans to kill him.
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And they said each to his brother, “Behold, that master of dreams is coming!
They said to each other {about him}, “Look, here comes that expert dreamer!
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So now, come and let us kill him and throw him into one of the cisterns. Then we will say an evil animal devoured him, and we will see what his dreams become!”
Come on, let’s kill him and throw his body into one of the pits {here}. Then we can tell {people} that a vicious animal ate him up, and we will watch if his dreams come true!”
But Reuben heard, and he rescued him from their hand{s} and said, “Let us not strike his life.”
But Reuben heard {their plan}, so he {tried to} rescue Joseph from them by urging them, “We should not kill him.”
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And Reuben said to them, “Do not shed blood. Throw him into this cistern which {is} in the wilderness, but do not lay a hand on him,” in order to rescue him from their hand{s}, to return him to his father.
Then he continued, “You must not take his life. {Instead} put him into this pit {here} in the desert, but you must not harm him.” Reuben was planning to rescue Joseph from them and take him back {home} to their father.
Then it happened when Joseph came to his brothers, then they stripped Joseph of his tunic, the multicolored tunic that {was} on him.
When Joseph reached his brothers, they {took hold of him and} ripped off the colorful robe that he was wearing.
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Then they took him and threw him into the cistern. And the cistern {was} empty; there was not water in it.
Then they grabbed him and put him into the pit. The pit {was} empty and {completely} dry inside.
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Then they sat down to eat bread, and they lifted their eyes and looked, and behold, a caravan of Ishmaelites was coming from Gilead. And their camels were carrying spices and balm and myrrh {that} they were going to take down to Egypt.
Then {some of} Joseph’s brothers sat down to eat a meal. {While they were eating,} they looked around and noticed {that} a {large} group of Ishmaelite {traders} was traveling {toward them} from {the region of} Gilead. Their camels were loaded with {expensive} spices, healing salve, and incense {that} they were taking down to {the country of} Egypt {to sell there}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Judah said to his brothers, “What gain {is there} if we kill our brother and cover up his blood?
So Judah urged to his brothers, “We will not gain anything by killing our brother and trying to hide it!
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Come and let us sell him to the Ishmaelites so that our hand{s} will not be on him. For he {is} our brother, our flesh.” And his brothers listened.
{Instead,} come on, let’s sell him to those Ishmaelite {traders} {over there} so that we will not be guilty of harming him. After all, he {is} a member of our family, our own brother.” Judah’s brothers agreed {with him}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the Midianite men, traders, passed by, and they drew Joseph up and lifted him out of the cistern and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty {shekels of} silver. Then they brought Joseph to Egypt.
So when the Midianite {(that is, Ishmaelite)} traders came by {them}, {some of} Joseph’s brothers pulled Joseph up out of the pit and sold him to the Ishmaelites for twenty {pieces of} silver. Then the Ishmaelites took him to {the country of} Egypt.
Then Reuben returned to the cistern, but behold, Joseph was not in the cistern, so he tore his clothes.
Later Reuben came back to the pit, and he was shocked to see that Joseph was not there! So he tore his clothes {to show distress}.
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Then he returned to his brothers and said, “The boy is not {there}! And I, where am I going?”
Then he went to his brothers and exclaimed {to them}, “Joseph is gone! Now I do not know what to do!”
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Then they took Joseph’s tunic and slaughtered a kid of the goats and dipped the tunic in the blood.
So Joseph’s brothers killed a young goat and dipped Joseph’s robe in the {goat’s} blood.
Then they sent the multicolored tunic and had it brought to their father and said, “We found this. Please examine whether it {is} your son’s tunic or not.”
Then they had someone take the colorful robe back to their father and say {to him} {for them}, “We found this {robe}. Please look at it {to see} whether or not it is your son’s.”
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And he examined it and said, “{It is} my son’s tunic! An evil animal has devoured him! Surely Joseph was torn to pieces!”
Jacob recognized the robe and exclaimed, “{This is} my son {Joseph}’s robe! Clearly a fierce animal has torn him to bits and eaten him up!”
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Then Jacob tore his clothes and put sackcloth on his loins, and he mourned for his son many days.
Then Jacob tore his clothes {in grief}, put on mourning clothes, and for many days he mourned that his son had died.
And all his sons and all his daughters got up to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted and said, “For I will go down to my son in Sheol mourning.” So his father wept for him.
All Jacob’s sons and daughters came {to him} {and tried} to console him, but he did not let them comfort him. Instead he said {to them}, “{No,} I will continue to mourn {for my son} until I {die and} go down to be with him in the afterworld.” So Joseph’s father continued to mourn for him.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the Midianites sold him in Egypt to Potiphar, an official of Pharaoh, the chief of the guards.
Meanwhile, in {the country of} Egypt, the Midianite {traders} sold Joseph to Potiphar, {who was} an officer under Pharaoh {the king of Egypt}; {he was} the captain over the {palace} guards.
And it happened at that time that Judah went down from his brothers and settled near an Adullamite man, and his name {was} Hirah.
About that time, Judah left his brothers and went down to {the town of} Adullam and stayed near {the home of} a man from there whose name {was} Hirah.
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And there Judah saw the daughter of a Canaanite man, and his name {was} Shua, and he took her. Then he went to her,
{While he was living} there, he met a Canaanite woman whose father {was} Shua, and he married her. Then he had {marital} relations with her,
and she conceived and bore a son, and he called his name Er.
and she became pregnant. When she gave birth, she had a son, whom Judah named Er.
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Then she conceived again and bore a son, and she called his name Onan.
Then Judah’s wife became pregnant again and gave birth to {another} son, and she named him Onan.
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Then she continued further and bore a son, and she called his name Shelah. And he was in Kezib when she bore him.
Then she {became pregnant} yet again and gave birth to another son, and she named him Shelah. When she gave birth to Shelah, Judah was at {the town of} Kezib.
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Then Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, and her name {was} Tamar.
When Judah’s oldest son Er {grew up}, Judah arranged for him to marry a woman whose name {was} Tamar.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But Er, the firstborn of Judah, was evil in the eyes of Yahweh, so Yahweh killed him.
But Er did things that Yahweh considered to be evil, so Yahweh caused him to die.
Then Judah said to Onan, “Go to the wife of your brother and perform your duty to her and produce offspring for your brother.”
After that, Judah told {his son} Onan, “Marry your brother’s widow {Tamar} {according to our custom} so that you fulfill your obligation to her {as her brother-in-law} and have children {with her} for your {deceased} brother.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
However, Onan knew that the offspring would not be his, so it happened when he went to the wife of his brother, then he spilled {it} on the ground so that he would not give offspring to his brother.
However Onan knew that the children {they would have together} would not belong to him. So whenever he had {marital} relations with Tamar, he wasted {his semen} on the ground to keep her from {getting pregnant and} having {any} children for his brother.
And what he did was evil in the eyes of Yahweh, so he killed him also.
Yahweh considered what Onan did to be evil, so he caused him to die too.
Then Judah said to Tamar his daughter-in-law, “Remain a widow in the house of your father until Shelah my son grows up.” For he said, “So that he does not also die like his brothers!” So Tamar went and lived in the house of her father.
Then Judah told his daughter-in-law Tamar, “{Go and} live at your father’s house, and do not marry again until my son Shelah is old enough {to marry you}.” {Actually Judah did not want Shelah to marry Tamar} because he was afraid {that if he did,} he would also die like his brothers had. So Tamar went {home} to her father’s house and stayed there.
Then the days were many, and Shua’s daughter, the wife of Judah, died. Then Judah was comforted, and he went up to Timnah, to {the men} who were shearing his sheep, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite.
After a long time, Judah’s wife, the daughter of Shua, died. After Judah finished mourning {for her}, {one day} he {decided to} go to {the town of} Timnah {to work} with {the men} who were shearing his sheep {there}. He and his friend Hirah, {who was} from {the town of} Adullam, {started traveling there together}.
And it was told to Tamar, saying, “Behold, your father-in-law is going up to Timnah to shear his sheep.”
Meanwhile someone told Tamar, “Listen, your father-in-law {Judah} is on his way to {the town of} Timnah to shear his sheep.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So she took off her widow’s clothes from her and covered herself with a veil and wrapped herself. Then she sat at the entrance of Enaim, which {is} on the road to Timnah, because she saw that Shelah had grown up, but she had not been given to him as a wife.
So she changed from her clothes that showed she was a widow and covered her face with a {thin} headscarf and dressed herself {like a prostitute}. Then {she went} toward {the town of} Timnah and sat down near the gateway of {the town of} Enaim, which {was} along the way. {She did that} because she had noticed that Shelah was now old enough {to marry}, but Judah had not given her to him to marry {as he was supposed to do}.
Then Judah saw her, and he thought she was a prostitute because she had covered her face.
{As Judah was traveling to Timnah,} he saw Tamar {beside the road}, but since she had veiled her face {with a scarf}, {he could not see who she was, and} he assumed that she was a prostitute.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So he turned to her beside the road and said, “Please come, let me come to you,” because he did not know that she {was} his daughter-in-law. And she said, “What will you give to me if you will come to me?”
So he went over to where she was {sitting} beside the road and said {to her}, “Let me have sex with you.” {He did that} because he did not recognize that she was his daughter-in-law {Tamar}. So she asked {him}, “What will you pay me so that you can have sex with me?”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he said, “I will send a kid goat from the flock.” And she said, “If you will give a pledge until you send {it}.”
He answered {her}, “I will send {you} a young goat from my flock.” She replied, “{I will agree,} if you will give {me} something {valuable} {of yours} to keep until you deliver {the goat to me}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he said, “What {is} the pledge that I should give to you?” And she said, “Your signet and your cord and your staff that {is} in your hand.” So he gave {them} to her and went to her, and she conceived by him.
So Judah asked, “What do you want me to leave with you?” She answered {him}, “{Leave me} your name seal with its cord {that you have around your neck}, and your walking stick that you are holding.” So he gave {those things} to her. Then he had {sexual} relations with her, and she became pregnant from him.
Then she got up and left, and she took off her veil from her and put on her widow’s clothes.
After that, Tamar left {Judah} and returned {home}. Then she took off her scarf and put on her clothes that showed she was a widow.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Judah sent the kid goat by the hand of his friend the Adullamite to get back the pledge from the hand of the woman, but he did not find her.
Meanwhile Judah sent a young goat with his friend {Hirah}, {who was} from {the town of} Adullam, to reclaim his things from the prostitute {whom he had given them to}. But {when Hirah looked for her,} he was not able to find her.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So he asked the men of her place, saying, “Where {is} the temple prostitute who {was} at Enaim beside the road?” But they said, “There has not been a temple prostitute in this place.”
So he asked {some} men {who lived} near the place where she had been, “Where {is} the temple prostitute who was {sitting} beside the road near {the town of} Enaim?” But they answered {him}, “There has never been a temple prostitute around here.”
So he returned to Judah and said, “I did not find her. And also, the men of the place said, ‘There has not been a temple prostitute in this {place}.’ ”
So Hirah returned to Judah and told {him}, “I was not able to find the prostitute. In fact, the men who live near that town claim {that} there has never been a temple prostitute around there.”
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And Judah said, “Let her take {the things} for herself so that we do not become a laughingstock. Behold, I sent this kid, but you did not find her.”
Then Judah said, “{Stop looking for her and} let her keep {my things} for herself. Otherwise everyone will make fun of us. Besides that, I {did try to} send this goat {to her}, but you were not able to find her.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it happened about three months later that it was told to Judah, saying, “Tamar your daughter-in-law has prostituted herself, and also, behold, {she is} pregnant by her prostitutions!” So Judah said, “Bring her out, and let her be burned!”
About three months later, someone told Judah, “Your daughter-in-law Tamar has acted like a prostitute. In fact, look, {she is} {now} pregnant from doing that!” Judah responded {angrily}, “Take her outside {the town} and burn her {to death}!”
She was being brought out, and she sent {a message} to her father-in-law, saying, “By the man whom these things belong to, I {am} pregnant.” Then she said, “Please identify whose signet and cords and staff these {are}.”
{So they went to get her, but} as they were taking her out {of the town}, she sent {a messenger} to her father-in-law {along with his things} and told the messenger to say, “The man who owns these things is the one who got me pregnant. Please identify {the man} who owns this name seal with its cord and this walking stick.”
And Judah identified {the things} and said, “She is more righteous than I {am}, because I did not give her to Shelah my son!” And he did not continue to know her more.
Judah recognized {his things} and confessed, “Tamar is right, and I am wrong, because I refused to have my son Shelah marry her {as I was supposed to}!” {So they released Tamar,} and {after that} Judah never had {sexual} relations with her again.
Then it happened when {it was} time for her to give birth, then behold, twins {were} inside her womb!
Months later, when Tamar was ready to give birth, they realized that {there were} twins inside her!
And it happened, as she was giving birth, then {one} put out a hand, and the midwife took a scarlet thread and tied {it} on his hand, saying, “This {one} came out first.”
While she was in labor, {one of them} stuck out {his} hand. So the midwife {who was there} tied a {bright} red string around his wrist and said, “This {baby} was born first.”
But it happened, when he drew his hand back in, then behold, his brother came out. Then she said, “How have you breached for yourself a breach?” So he called his name Perez.
But then the baby pulled his hand back inside, and suddenly his brother was born {first} {instead}. So the midwife exclaimed {to the baby}, “What a dramatic way for you to burst out!” That is why he was named Perez, {which means “break out.”}
And afterwards, his brother came out, who {had} the scarlet thread on his hand, and he called his name Zerah.
After that, his brother, who {had} the {bright} red string on his wrist, came out. So he was named Zerah, {which means “brightness.”}
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Joseph had been taken down to Egypt, and Potiphar, an Egyptian man, an official of Pharaoh, the chief of the guards, had bought him from the hand of the Ishmaelites who had taken him down there.
Now {as you know,} {some} Ishmaelite traders had taken Joseph down to {the country of} Egypt, and an Egyptian {named} Potiphar had bought him {as a servant} from them. Potiphar {was} {one of} {King} Pharaoh’s officers, the captain over the king’s {personal} guards.
And Yahweh was with Joseph, and he was a successful man, and he was in the house of his Egyptian master.
As Joseph worked in his Egyptian owner’s house, Yahweh was with him {and helped him}, so that he succeeded in everything he did.
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And his master saw that Yahweh {was} with him and {that} Yahweh made all that he was doing successful in his hand.
His owner realized that Yahweh {was} with him and was helping him to succeed in everything that he did.
So Joseph found favor in his eyes, and he served him. And he put him in charge over his house and gave into his hand all {that} was his.
So Potiphar was pleased with Joseph and made him his personal servant. He also put him in charge of managing his household and taking care of everything {else} {that} he owned.
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And it happened from the time he put him in charge in his house and over all that was his, then Yahweh blessed the house of the Egyptian because of Joseph. So the blessing of Yahweh was on all that was his, in the house and in the fields.
From the time {that} Joseph’s Egyptian owner did that, Yahweh blessed the household of that Egyptian {man} for Joseph’s sake. He blessed everything that belonged to him, {including} {everything} in {his} home and in {his} fields.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he left all that {belonged} to him in the hand of Joseph, and he did not think to himself {about} anything except for the bread that he ate. Now Joseph was handsome in form and handsome in appearance.
In fact, after Joseph’s owner put him in charge of everything that he owned, he did not {need to} concern himself with anything {in his household} except for {personal matters like} {deciding} what {kind of} food {he wanted} to eat. Joseph was well-built and good-looking.
And it happened after those things, then the wife of his master lifted her eyes toward Joseph and said, “Lie with me!”
So after a while, his owner’s wife started looking at him {with desire} and told {him}, “Come to bed with me!”
But he refused and said to the wife of his master, “Behold, with me {here}, my master does not think {about} what {is} in the house, and all that is his he has given into my hand.
But Joseph refused and said to her, “Listen, because of me, my owner does not {have to} concern himself with anything that {is} in {his} house. In fact, he has put me in charge of everything that he owns,
He is not greater than me in this house, and he has not withheld anything from me except for you, because you {are} his wife. So how can I do this great evil, and sin against God?”
{so that} he has no one in his household who has more authority than I do. He has given me freedom with everything {in his household}, except you, {of course,} because you {are} his wife. So there is no way I would {ever} sin against God by doing such an evil thing!”
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Then it happened even though she kept speaking to Joseph day {after} day, yet he did not listen to her to lie beside her, to be with her.
Day after day Potiphar’s wife kept pressuring Joseph to go to bed with her, but he refused her requests and stayed away from her.
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Then it happened on such a day that he went into the house to do his work, and there were no other men of the house there in the house.
Then one day Joseph went to {his owner’s} house {as usual} to do his work, but no other menservants from the household were there.
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So she caught him by his garment, saying, “Lie with me!” But he left his garment in her hand and fled and went outside.
So Potiphar’s wife {saw her chance and} grabbed {hold of} Joseph by his robe {and} demanded, “Come to bed with me!” But {immediately} he fled and left his robe in her hands as he ran outdoors.
Then it happened when she saw that he had left his garment in her hands and had fled outside,
As soon as she saw that Joseph had run outdoors and left his robe {behind} in her hands,
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then she called for the men of her house and said to them, saying, “Look! He brought to us a Hebrew man to laugh at us! He came to me to lie with me, but I called out with a loud voice!
she summoned the {other} menservants from her household. Then {when they arrived,} she exclaimed to them, “Look, my husband brought {this} Hebrew servant {here} among us to make fools of us! He came here to rape me, but I screamed loudly {for help}!
Then it happened when he heard that I raised my voice and called out, then he left his garment beside me and fled and went outside!”
Then as soon as he heard me scream like that, he left his robe with me and ran outdoors!”
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Then she kept his garment beside her until his master came to his house.
So Potiphar’s wife kept Joseph’s robe with her until {her husband,} Joseph’s owner, returned home.
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Then she spoke to him according to those words, saying, “The Hebrew slave whom you brought to us came to me to laugh at me!
Then she told him the same story. She said, “The Hebrew servant whom you brought among us came here to make a fool of me!
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Then it happened when I raised my voice and called out, then he left his garment beside me and fled outside!”
But as soon as I screamed loudly, he left his robe with me and ran outdoors!”
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And it happened when his master heard the words of his wife that she spoke to him, saying, “Such {are} the things your slave did to me!” then his anger burned.
When Joseph’s owner heard what his wife said his servant had done to her, he became very angry.
Then Joseph’s master took him and put him in the round-house, the place where the prisoners of the king were bound. So he was there in the round-house,
So he {had soldiers} arrest Joseph and put him in the prison where they kept people who had committed crimes against the king. Joseph remained there in prison,
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but Yahweh was with Joseph and showed kindness to him and gave him favor in the eyes of the chief of the round-house.
but Yahweh was with him and was kind to him and caused the prison warden to be pleased with him, {so that he treated him well}.
And the chief of the round-house gave into the hand of Joseph all the prisoners who {were} in the round-house, and all that they were doing there, he was {the one} doing {it}.
So {before long} the warden put Joseph in charge of all the {other} prisoners who {were} in that prison, so that he {was the one who} managed everything that they did there.
The chief of the round-house did not look {at} anything in his hand, because Yahweh was with him, and Yahweh made what he was doing successful.
The warden did not {need to} pay attention to anything at all that Joseph was in charge of, because Yahweh was with Joseph and enabled him to succeed at everything he did.
Then it happened after those things {that} the cupbearer of the king of Egypt and the baker sinned against their lord, against the king of Egypt.
Sometime after that, the {head} wine-server and the {head} baker disobeyed their master, {who was} {Pharaoh,} the king of Egypt.
And Pharaoh broke out in anger against his two officials, against the chief of the cupbearers and against the chief of the bakers,
As a result, {King} Pharaoh was furious with those two officers.
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and he put them in custody in the house of the chief of the guards, in the round-house, the place where Joseph was bound.
So he {had his soldiers arrest them and} put them in prison at the captain over the guards’ house, in the same prison where Joseph was.
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And the chief of the guards assigned Joseph to them, so he attended them, and they were in custody {for} days.
{There} the captain over the guards appointed Joseph to {take care of} them, so he served them, and they remained in prison {for} some time.
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Then the two of them dreamed a dream. Each {had} his {own} dream in the same night, {and} each {man’s} dream had its own interpretation. {They were} the cupbearer and the baker who {belonged} to the king of Egypt, who were bound in the round-house.
One night the king of Egypt’s wine server and baker each had a dream while they were in prison. Each {one’s} dream had its own meaning.
And Joseph came to them in the morning and saw them, and behold, they were upset.
The next morning, when Joseph came to {serve} them, he noticed that they looked sad.
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So he asked Pharaoh’s officials who {were} with him in custody {in} the house of his master, saying, “Why {are} your faces sad today?”
So he asked them, “Why do you look {so} unhappy today?”
And they said to him, “We dreamed a dream, but {there is} no one to interpret it.” Then Joseph said to them, “Don’t interpretations {belong} to God? Please tell {them} to me.”
They answered him, “We {each} had a dream {last night}, but there is no one {here} who can tell {us} what our dreams mean.” Joseph replied, “God is the {only} one who gives someone the ability to interpret {the meaning of dreams}. Please tell me {what you dreamed}.”
Then the chief of the cupbearers told his dream to Joseph and said to him, “And behold, in my dream a grapevine {was} before me,
Then the head wine-server told Joseph what was in his dream. He said, “While I was dreaming, I saw a vine in front of me
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and on the grapevine {were} three branches. Then while it was budding, its blossoms came out, {and} its clusters ripened {into} grapes.
that had three branches. Soon buds started forming {on the branches}. {Then} {the buds} became flowers, {and the flowers} became bunches of ripe grapes.
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Then the cup of Pharaoh {was} in my hand and I took the grapes and squeezed them into the cup of Pharaoh. Then I put the cup into the hand of Pharaoh.”
Next I was holding {King} Pharaoh’s cup, and I picked grapes {from the vine} and squeezed juice from them into the cup. Then I handed the cup to Pharaoh {and he drank from it}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Joseph said to him, “This {is} its interpretation: The three branches {are} three days.
Joseph said to him, “This {is} what your dream means: The three branches {represent} three days.
Within three days Pharaoh will lift up your head and restore you to your position, and you will put Pharaoh’s cup into his hand, according to the former custom when you were his cupbearer.
In three days {King} Pharaoh will summon you and give you back your job, so that you will {again} serve wine to him, as you used to do when you were his wine-server.
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But if you remember me with you, when it goes well for you, then please show kindness to me, and mention me to Pharaoh, and get me out from this house.
When {you are out of prison and} everything is going well for you, please remember that I was {here} with you, and please be kind to me and mention my situation to {King} Pharaoh so that he releases me from this prison.
For indeed, I was stolen from the land of the Hebrews. And also here I did not do anything that they should put me in the pit.”
People brought me {here} by force from the land where {my people,} the Hebrews, live. Even here {in Egypt} I have done nothing {wrong} to deserve being in a dungeon.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the chief of the bakers saw that he interpreted favorably, so he said to Joseph, “I also {was} in my dream, and behold, {there were} three baskets of white bread on my head.
When the head baker heard the positive meaning that Joseph gave {for the first dream}, he told him, “I also {had a dream}, and while I was dreaming, I saw three bread baskets {stacked} on my head.
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And in the top basket {were} all {kinds} of food for Pharaoh, baker’s goods, but the birds were eating them out of the basket on my head.”
In the top basket {there were} many {kinds} of bread and cakes for {King} Pharaoh {to eat}, but {some} birds were gobbling them {up} from the basket.”
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Then Joseph responded and said, “This {is} its interpretation: The three baskets {are} three days.
Joseph said {to him}, “This {is} what your dream means: The three baskets {represent} three days.
Within three days Pharaoh will lift up your head from you and hang you on a tree, and the birds will eat your flesh from you.”
In three days {King} Pharaoh will {have his soldiers} chop off your head and impale your body on a {sharp} pole, where vultures will eat {all} your flesh off your bones.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it happened on the third day, the day Pharaoh was born, that he made a feast for all his servants. And he lifted up the head of the chief of the cupbearers and the head of the chief of the bakers in the presence of his servants.
Then sure enough, three days later {it was} {King} Pharaoh’s birthday, and he invited all his officers to attend a banquet. {During the banquet,} he {had soldiers} bring {his} head wine-server and head baker {to the banquet} in front of {all} his {other} officers.
Then he restored the chief of the cupbearers to his position, and he put the cup into the hand of Pharaoh,
Then he returned the head wine-server to his {former} work, so that he {again} served wine to him.
but the chief of the bakers he hanged, just as Joseph had interpreted for them.
But he {had his soldiers execute} the head baker {and} impale {his body on a pole}. {Everything happened} exactly the way Joseph had explained {their dreams} to them.
(There are no questions for this verse)
However, the chief of the cupbearers did not remember Joseph but forgot him.
However the head wine-server {completely} forgot about Joseph and did not remember {to tell Pharaoh about} him.
Then it happened {at} the end of two years of days that Pharaoh was dreaming and behold, he was standing beside the river.
Two whole years later, {King} Pharaoh had a dream. {In the dream} he saw himself standing beside the {Nile} River.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then behold, from the river came up seven cows, fine-looking and fat-fleshed, and they grazed among the reeds.
Suddenly, seven healthy-looking, fat cows walked up out of the river and started eating the tall grass {beside the river}.
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Then behold, seven other cows came up after them from the river, ugly-looking and thin-fleshed, and they stood beside the {other} cows on the bank of the river.
Next he saw that seven sickly-looking, scrawny cows walked up out of the river and stood next to the {first} cows on the river bank.
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Then the ugly-looking and thin-fleshed cows ate the seven fine-looking and fat cows, and Pharaoh woke up.
Then the sickly-looking, scrawny cows devoured the seven healthy-looking, fat cows. {Just} then Pharaoh woke up.
Then he fell asleep and dreamed a second {time}. And behold, seven heads of grain came up on one stalk, fat and good.
Then he went {back} to sleep and had a second {dream}. {This time} he saw seven plump, well-formed heads of grain growing on the same plant.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then behold, seven heads of grain, thin and scorched {by} the east wind, sprouted after them.
Suddenly, seven small heads of grain that the {hot} desert wind had dried out started growing {on the same plant} beside the first heads.
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Then the thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven fat and full heads. Then Pharaoh woke up, and behold, {it was} a dream.
Next, the small heads of grain gobbled up the seven big, well-formed heads. At that point, Pharaoh woke up and realized that {he had been} dreaming.
Then it happened in the morning that his spirit was agitated, so he sent and called for all the magicians of Egypt and all its wise men. Then Pharaoh told his dreams to them, but no one could interpret them for Pharaoh.
The next morning Pharaoh was upset {about the dreams}, so he had {servants} summon all the sorcerers and {other} scholars in {the country of} Egypt. {When they arrived,} he told them what he had dreamed, but none of them was able to explain to him {what} the dreams {meant}.
Then the chief of the cupbearers spoke with Pharaoh, saying, “Today I remember my offenses.
Then the head wine-server said to Pharaoh, “{Sir,} today I remember {the time} when I offended {you}.
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Pharaoh broke out in anger against his servants, and he put me in custody {in} the house of the chief of the guards, me and the chief of the bakers.
{Some time ago,} {King} Pharaoh, you were angry with your officials, {including} me and the head baker, and you put us in prison at the captain of the guards’ house.
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And we dreamed a dream in the same night, he and I; each of us dreamed according to the interpretation of his dream.
{While we were there,} one night we {each} had a dream, {and} each of our dreams had a different meaning.
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Now there with us {was} a young Hebrew man, a servant for the chief of the guards. And we told {our dreams} to him, and he interpreted our dreams for us. He interpreted {for} each according to his dream.
There was a young Hebrew man with us {who was} a servant for the captain over the guards. After we told him {our dreams}, he explained them to us. He told us what each of our dreams meant.
And it happened, just as he interpreted for us, so it happened: me he restored to my position, and him he hanged.”
And sure enough, everything happened exactly the way he had explained {the dreams} to us: you returned me to my {former} work {as your wine-server}, and you {had your soldiers} execute the baker.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Pharaoh sent and called for Joseph. So they quickly brought him from the pit. Then he shaved and changed his clothes and came to Pharaoh.
{When Pharaoh heard that,} {immediately} he had {servants} summon Joseph. So they went right away and got him out of the prison. Then after he shaved {his head and face} and changed into appropriate clothing, he went before Pharaoh.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I dreamed a dream, but no one could interpret it. But I heard about you, saying {that} you hear a dream {and are able} to interpret it.”
Then Pharaoh said to him, “I had a dream, but no one has been able to explain {to me} what it means. But someone told me about you, {that} when you hear a dream, {you are able} to explain what it means.”
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And Joseph responded to Pharaoh, saying, “{It is} not in me; God will answer with Pharaoh’s peace.”
Joseph replied to him, “{Sir,} I do not have that ability {on my own}, {but} God will explain {your dream} so that {you,} {King} Pharaoh, will have peace {in your heart}.”
Then Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, “In my dream, behold, I was standing on the bank of the river.
So Pharaoh told Joseph, “As I was dreaming, I saw myself standing beside the {Nile} River.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then behold, from the river came up seven cows, fat-fleshed and of fine form, and they grazed among the reeds.
Then suddenly, seven fat, healthy-looking cows walked up out of the river {onto the bank} and started eating the tall grass {that was there}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then behold, seven other cows came up after them, poor and very ugly of form and thin-fleshed. I have not seen {cows} as ugly as those in all the land of Egypt!
Suddenly seven other cows walked up {out of the river} behind the first cows; {they were} in terrible condition, very sickly-looking and scrawny. {In fact,} I have never seen such awful-looking {cows} anywhere in the land of Egypt!
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Then the thin and ugly cows ate the first seven fat cows.
Then the scrawny, sickly cows devoured the seven fat ones.
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So they went into their bellies, but it could not be known that they had gone into their bellies, and their appearance {was} just as ugly as at the beginning. Then I woke up.
But {even} after they had swallowed them, no one would {ever} know that they had devoured them, because they {still} looked just as terrible as before. That’s when I woke up.
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“Then I saw in my dream, and behold, seven heads of grain came up on one stalk, full and good.
“Then I {went back to sleep and} had {another} dream. {This time} I saw that there were seven big, well-formed heads of grain growing on the same plant.
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Then behold, seven heads of grain, withered, thin {and} scorched {by} the east wind sprouted after them.
Then suddenly, seven small heads of grain sprouted {on the same plant} next to the first heads. {These had} wilted because the {hot} desert wind had dried them out.
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Then the thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven good heads of grain. And I told {this} to the magicians, but no one {could} explain {it} to me.”
Then the small heads of grain gobbled up the seven well-formed ones. I told {my dreams} to {my} sorcerers, but none of them could explain to me {what the dreams meant}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Joseph said to Pharaoh, “Pharaoh’s dreams {are} one. What God is doing he has shown to Pharaoh.
Then Joseph told {King} Pharaoh, “{Your Majesty,} {both of} your dreams mean the same thing. {Through them,} God is revealing to you what he is going to do.
The seven good cows {are} seven years, and the seven good heads of grain {are} seven years. The dreams {are} one.
The seven healthy cows {represent} seven years, and the seven well-formed heads of grain {represent} {the same} seven years. {Both} dreams mean the same thing.
And the seven thin and ugly cows that came up after them {are} seven years, and {so are} the seven thin heads of grain scorched by the east wind. There will be seven years of famine.
The seven scrawny and sickly cows that walked up {out of the river} behind the first cows {represent} {a different} seven years, and {so do} the seven small heads of grain that the desert wind had dried out. {They both mean that} there will be a famine that lasts seven years.
That {is} the word that I have spoken to Pharaoh: What God is doing he has shown to Pharaoh.
{King} Pharaoh, that {is} what I was talking about {when I told} you {that} God is revealing to you what he is going to do.
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Behold, seven years are coming {of} great abundance in all the land of Egypt.
Listen, {first} there will be seven years when people will have more than enough food {to eat} throughout the entire country of Egypt.
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But seven years of famine will rise up after them, so that all the abundance in the land of Egypt will be forgotten, and the famine will consume the land.
But after that, there will be a famine that lasts seven years. As a result, the people in Egypt will forget what it was like in their country during all the years when they had more than enough {food} {to eat}, because the famine will devastate the country {so that many people will starve}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the abundance in the land will not be remembered because of that famine after it, because it {will be} very heavy.
That’s right, people will completely forget about the years when there was plenty of food, because the famine {that comes} after that {will be} so severe.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And as for the repeating of the dream to Pharaoh twice, {it is} because the matter has been established by God, and God will soon do it.
The fact that you, {King} Pharaoh, had two {different} dreams that mean the same thing shows that God has decided what he is going to do, and he will make it happen soon.
“And now let Pharaoh seek a man {who is} discerning and wise, and set him over the land of Egypt.
“So now, {your Majesty,} I recommend that you look for a man {who is} intelligent and knows what to do, and put him in charge over the country of Egypt.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Let Pharaoh do {this}: Let him set supervisors over the land, and let him take a fifth of the land of Egypt in the seven years of abundance.
Sir, you should {also} appoint {regional} administrators in charge of the country, and {have them} collect one-fifth of {the crops that people harvest throughout} the country during the seven years when harvests are plentiful.
And they should gather all the food of the good years that are coming. And they should store {that} grain under Pharaoh’s hand {for} food in the cities and guard {it}.
Have them collect all that {surplus} grain during the prosperous years ahead {when there will be plenty of food}. Using your authority, {King} Pharaoh, have them stockpile {that} grain {in storehouses} in the cities and {have soldiers} guard it, so that there will be food {for the people}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the food should be in reserve for the land for the seven years of famine that will come on the land of Egypt, so that the land will not be cut off by the famine.”
That food should stay in storage for {the people of} the country {to eat} during the famine that will last seven years in the country of Egypt, so that they will not starve to death because of the severe lack of food.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the word was good in the eyes of Pharaoh and in the eyes of all his servants.
What Joseph proposed seemed like a good plan to Pharaoh and all his officials.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Pharaoh said to his servants, “Can we find a man like this who {has} the Spirit of God in him?”
So Pharaoh exclaimed to them, “{Certainly} we cannot find anyone else more qualified than this man whom God’s Spirit guides!”
Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Since God has shown all this to you, {there is} no one {as} discerning and wise as you.
Then he said to Joseph, “Since God has made all this known to you, no one {else} is {as} intelligent as you {are} or knows what to do {in this situation}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
You will be over my house, and all my people will kiss on your mouth. Only I {on} the throne will be greater than you.”
{So} I am putting you in charge of my household {and my kingdom}, so that all the people in my country must obey whatever you command. Only I who am king will have higher authority than you.”
Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, “See, I have put you over all the land of Egypt.”
Then Pharaoh said, “Listen, I hereby put you in charge of the whole country of Egypt.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Pharaoh removed his signet ring from his hand and put it on Joseph’s hand. And he dressed him {in} garments of fine linen and put a gold chain on his neck.
Then he took off his {official} identification ring and put it on Joseph’s finger {to show that he had appointed him}. He {also} gave Joseph {expensive} linen clothes to wear and put a chain {made} of gold around his neck.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he had him ride in the second chariot that {belonged} to him, and they shouted before him, “Bow down!” So he put him over all the land of Egypt.
Then Pharaoh had Joseph ride {around} in the chariot that showed he was the second highest ruler in the country. {As he rode,} messengers {walked} {in the road} ahead of him calling out {to everyone}, “Make way!” In that way, Pharaoh {officially} appointed Joseph to be in charge of the whole country of Egypt.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I {am} Pharaoh, and without you a person will not lift his hand or his foot in all the land of Egypt!”
Pharaoh {also} told Joseph, “I, Pharaoh, {hereby command} that throughout the whole country of Egypt, everyone must only do what you tell them to do!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Pharaoh called Joseph’s name Zaphenath-Paneah, and he gave to him Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera the priest of On, as a wife. Then Joseph went out over the land of Egypt.
Then Pharaoh gave Joseph the {Egyptian} name Zaphenath-Paneah, {which means “the one who explains/reveals secrets,”} and he gave him {a woman named} Asenath to be {his} wife. {She was} the daughter of Potiphera, {who was} a priest {at the temple} in {the city of} On. Then Joseph {started his duties and} traveled throughout the country of Egypt.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Joseph {was} a son of thirty years when he stood before Pharaoh king of Egypt. And Joseph went out from the presence of Pharaoh and passed through all the land of Egypt.
Joseph {was} thirty years old when he {started} serving Pharaoh, the king over Egypt. {After Pharaoh appointed him,} Joseph left him and traveled throughout the whole country of Egypt {doing his work}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And in the seven years of abundance, the land produced {grain} by the handfuls.
During the seven years when food was plentiful, the land produced huge amounts of grain.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So he gathered all the food of the seven years that were in the land of Egypt, and he put the food in the cities. The food of the fields that surrounded {each} city he put inside it.
So Joseph {had his helpers} collect all the {surplus} grain {that people harvested} during {those} seven years in the country of Egypt, and he {had them} stockpile {that} grain in the cities. In each city he {had them} store the grain {that people harvested} from the surrounding fields.
So Joseph stored up grain like the sand of the sea, very much, until he stopped measuring {it} because it was without number.
In that way, Joseph stockpiled so much grain that it was as {plentiful as} the {grains of} sand on the seashore. {In fact,} it was so plentiful that he stopped keeping records {of it} because it was too much to keep track of.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And before the years of the famine came, two sons were born to Joseph, whom Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera, the priest of On, bore for him.
Before the {seven} famine years started, Joseph had two sons with {his wife} Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera, {who was} a priest in {the city of} On.
And Joseph called the name of the firstborn {son} Manasseh, because {he said}, “God has made me forget all my toil and all of my father’s house.”
Joseph named {his} oldest {son} Manasseh, {which means “forget,”} {and he explained,} “{It is} because God has helped me to forget {about} all my troubles and about {how much I have missed} my father and the rest of my family {back home}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the name of the second {son} he called Ephraim, because {he said}, “God has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction.”
And he named {his} second son Ephraim, {which means “twice prosperous,”} {and he explained,} “{It is} because God has helped me to prosper in the country where I have suffered {so much}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then the seven years of abundance that was in the land of Egypt ended,
Finally the seven years were over when food was plentiful in the country of Egypt.
(There are no questions for this verse)
and the seven years of famine started to come, just as Joseph had said. And there was famine in all the lands, but in all the land of Egypt there was bread.
Then the seven years began when there was a severe lack of food, which is exactly what Joseph had predicted {would happen}. The famine spread to every country, but throughout the whole country of Egypt there was {still} food {in the storehouses}.
Then all the land of Egypt became famished, and the people cried to Pharaoh for the bread. So Pharaoh said to all the Egyptians, “Go to Joseph. Whatever he says to you, do {it}.”
When everyone in Egypt became very hungry {because of the famine}, they begged {King} Pharaoh for food. So he commanded them, “Go ask Joseph {for help}, {and} do whatever he commands you {to do}.”
And the famine was over all the face of the land, so Joseph opened all {the buildings} that {had grain} in them and sold {grain} to the Egyptians. And the famine was severe in the land of Egypt.
Since the severe food shortage was affecting the whole country, Joseph {had his helpers} open up all the storehouses {full of grain}, and he started selling {the grain} to the people of Egypt. Then the famine became worse {and worse} throughout the country of Egypt.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then all the earth came to Egypt to Joseph to buy {grain}, because the famine was severe in all the earth.
In fact, {people from} all over the world started coming to Egypt to buy {grain} from Joseph, because the food shortage was {so} terrible throughout the whole world.
Then Jacob saw that there was grain in Egypt, so Jacob said to his sons, “Why are you looking at each other?”
Meanwhile {back in the region of Canaan}, {when} Jacob heard that there was grain {for sale} in {the country of} Egypt, he told his sons, “Do not just {stand around} doing nothing!
And he said, “Behold, I have heard that there is grain in Egypt. Go down there and buy {some} for us from there so that we will live and not die.”
Listen {to this}! I heard that there is grain {for sale} in {the country of} Egypt. {So} go down there and buy {some} for us {and our families} {to eat}, so that we can stay alive and not starve to death.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then ten of Joseph’s brothers went down to buy grain from Egypt.
So Joseph’s ten {older} brothers {left home and} traveled down to Egypt to buy {some} grain {there}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But Jacob did not send Benjamin, the brother of Joseph, with his brothers, because he said, “So that harm does not meet him!”
But Jacob did not allow Joseph’s {younger} brother Benjamin to go {to Egypt} with {the rest of} his brothers, because Jacob was afraid that something bad might happen to him.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the sons of Israel came among {those} who came to buy {grain}, because the famine was in the land of Canaan.
Israel’s sons arrived {in Egypt} along with {many} other people who were coming {there} to buy {food}, because the severe food shortage was {also} {affecting everyone} in the region of Canaan.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now Joseph {was} the governor over the land. {It was} he who was selling {grain} to all the people of the land. So the brothers of Joseph came and bowed down to him {with} {their} noses to the ground.
{Since} Joseph {was} the administrator over the country {of Egypt}, he {was} the one selling {grain} to people {who came to him} from all over the country. So Joseph’s brothers {also} went before him {like everyone else} and bowed down {with} {their} faces to the ground {to show him respect}.
And Joseph saw his brothers and recognized them, but he acted like a stranger to them, and he spoke with them harshly and said to them, “Where did you come from?” And they said, “From the land of Canaan to buy food.”
When Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them, but he pretended that he did not {know} {them}. In fact, he spoke to them sternly and asked them, “What country are you from?” They answered {him}, “{Sir,} {we are} from the region of Canaan to buy {some} grain.”
And Joseph recognized his brothers, but they did not recognize him.
Although Joseph recognized his brothers, they did not realize who he was.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Joseph remembered the dreams that he had dreamed about them, and he said to them, “You {are} spies! You have come to see the nakedness of the land!”
Then Joseph remembered what he had dreamed about his brothers {long ago}, so he accused them, “You are secretly gathering information {about our country}! You came {here} to find out where {our} country is weak!”
But they said to him, “No, my lord, but your servants have come to buy food.
But his brothers replied to him, “Sir, we are not {spies}. Rather, {we are} humble men {who} have come {here} {only} to buy {some} grain.
(There are no questions for this verse)
All of us {are} sons of one man. We {are} honest. Your servants are not spies.”
We {are} all brothers who have the same father. We {are} humble, trustworthy men, not spies.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
But he said to them, “No, indeed you have come to see the nakedness of the land!”
But Joseph accused them, “{That is} not {true}! You have definitely come {here} to find out where {our} country is weak!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
But they said, “Your servants {are} twelve brothers. We {are} sons of one man in the land of Canaan. And behold, the youngest {is} with our father today, and the one is not {alive}.”
But they replied {to him}, “Sir, {there were} twelve of us brothers. We {are} sons of the same father {who lives} in the region of Canaan. {Our} youngest {brother} {is} with our father right now, but {our other} brother has died.”
Then Joseph said to them, “It {is} just as I told you, saying, ‘You {are} spies!’
But Joseph accused them, “What I told you is true! You are spying {on our country}!
(There are no questions for this verse)
By this you will be tested: {By} the life of Pharaoh, you will not leave from this {place} unless your youngest brother comes here.
{So now,} this is how I will verify whether {or not} you {told me the truth}: As certain as {King} Pharaoh lives, {I swear that} you will {definitely} never leave Egypt until your youngest brother is here.
Send one of you, and let him bring your brother, and you will be bound. Then your words will be tested {as to whether} the truth {is} in you. And if not, {by} the life of Pharaoh, surely you {are} spies!”
{So} one of you must go {back home} and bring your {youngest} brother back {here}. {The rest of} you must stay here in prison. That way I can verify {whether} you told me the truth. But if you are lying, as certain as {King} Pharaoh lives, {that means} you really are spying {on our country}!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he put them together in custody {for} three days.
Then Joseph {had his soldiers} lock up his brothers in prison {for} three days.
Then Joseph said to them on the third day, “Do this and live, {because} I fear God:
Three days later, Joseph said to them, “I am a man who reveres God. So if you do what I say, {I will let} you live.
If you {are} honest, let one of your brothers be bound in your prison house, and you go take grain back {for} the famine of your households.
Since you {claim to be} trustworthy men, I will make {just} one of you brothers stay where you have been, in prison. {The rest of} you {may} go {and} carry food back {home} {for} your hungry families.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then you will bring your youngest brother to me so that your words will be verified, and you will not die.” And they did so.
But you {must} bring your youngest brother {back} {here} to me. That way I will know that you are telling the truth, and I will let you live.” So Joseph’s brothers {agreed to} do what he said.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then each {man} said to his brother, “We {are} truly guilty concerning our brother, because we saw the distress of his soul when he pleaded with us, but we did not listen. For that {reason} this distress has come upon us.”
{While they were still standing there,} they said to each other, “Surely what we did to our brother {Joseph} {long ago} was {very} wrong. We saw how he was suffering when he begged us {not to harm him}, but we refused to listen {to him}. That is why we are suffering now.”
Then Reuben responded to them, saying, “Did I not tell you, saying, ‘Do not sin against the lad’? But you did not listen, so now behold, his blood is being accounted for!”
Reuben scolded them by saying, “I told you {that} you should not do anything bad to him! But you refused to listen {to me}, and now look, God is holding us responsible for causing him to die!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they did not know that Joseph understood {them}, because the interpreter {was} between them.
Joseph’s brothers did not realize that he {could} understand {what they were saying to each other}, because he had been speaking to them using a translator {as if he did not know their language}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he turned away from them and cried. Then he turned back toward them and spoke to them. Then he took Simeon from them and bound him before their eyes.
{When Joseph heard what they were saying,} he turned his back to them and started crying. Then {after he recovered,} he turned back around and spoke to them {again}. Then he chose Simeon from {among} them and {had his soldiers} bind him {with chains} while they watched.
Then Joseph ordered {his servants} and they filled their bags {with} grain. And {he ordered them} to return {each} man’s silver to his sack and to give provisions to them for the road. And he did that for them.
Then Joseph told {his servants} to fill his brothers’ sacks {with} grain. {He} also {told them} to {secretly} put in each brother’s sack the money {they had paid for the grain} and to provide them {with} food to eat on their trip {home}. After Joseph did that for his brothers,
Then they loaded their grain onto their donkeys and went from there.
his brothers loaded their {sacks of} grain onto their donkeys’ {backs} and started traveling {home}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then one {of them} opened his sack to give fodder to his donkey at the lodging place, and he saw his silver, and behold, it {was} in the mouth of his sack!
Later, {when they stopped} at a place to stay for the night, one {of them} opened his sack to get {some} grain to feed his donkey. There in the top of his sack he saw the money that he had used {to buy grain}!
(There are no questions for this verse)
So he said to his brothers, “My silver has been returned! And indeed behold, {it is} in my sack!” Then their hearts went out, and each {man} trembled to his brother, saying, “What {is} this God has done to us?”
So he exclaimed to the others, “Somebody has returned my money {to me}! Here it is in my sack!” {When they saw it,} they were {completely} shocked, and they shook {with fear}. They asked each other, “Why is God doing this to us?”
Then they came to Jacob their father in the land of Canaan, and they reported to him all that had happened to them, saying,
{When} they reached {their home in} the region of Canaan where their father Jacob was, they told him everything they had experienced. They said,
(There are no questions for this verse)
“The man, the lord of the land, spoke to us harshly and treated us as {if we were} spying out the land!
“The man who governs the country {of Egypt} spoke to us sternly and accused us of spying {on} {their} country!
(There are no questions for this verse)
But we said to him, ‘We {are} honest. We are not spies.
But we told him, ‘We {are} trustworthy {men}; not spies.
(There are no questions for this verse)
We {are} twelve brothers, the sons of our father. The one is not {alive}, and the youngest {is} with our father today in the land of Canaan.’
{There were} twelve of us brothers, {and} {we are} the sons of the same father. One {of our brothers} has died, and the youngest {brother} {is} {at home} with our father right now in the region of Canaan.’
(There are no questions for this verse)
“Then the man, the lord of the land, said to us, ‘By this I will know that you {are} honest: Leave one of your brothers with me, and take {grain} {for} the famine of your households and go.
“But the man who governs the country told us, ‘This is how I will know if you {are} trustworthy {men}: You must leave one of you {here} with me, and {the rest of you} go {home} with {food for} your starving families.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then bring your youngest brother to me so that I will know that you {are} not spies, that you {are} honest. {Then} I will give your brother to you, and you {can} trade {in} the land.’ ”
But bring your youngest brother {back} {here} to me. Then I will know that you {are} trustworthy {men} and not spies. {Then} I will return your brother to you {from prison}, and you can travel around my country {and trade} {freely}.’ ”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then it happened they were emptying their sacks, and behold, each {man’s} pouch of his silver {was} inside his sack! And they and their father saw the pouches of their silver, and they were afraid.
Then Joseph’s brothers started emptying their sacks {of grain}, and there inside each man’s sack was his bag of money {that he had paid for the grain}! {When} they and their father {Jacob} saw the {money} bags, they were terrified.
Then Jacob their father said to them, “You have bereaved me! Joseph is not {here}! And Simeon is not {here}! And you will take Benjamin! All {these} things are against me!”
Then their father exclaimed to them, “You have caused me {terrible} loss! Joseph is gone! Simeon is gone! And {now} you {want to} take Benjamin {away} {from me} {too}! Everything is going terribly for me!”
Then Reuben said to his father, saying, “You may kill my two sons if I do not bring him to you. Put him in my hand, and I will return him to you.”
Reuben replied, “{Father,} let me be responsible for {taking} Benjamin {down to Egypt}. If I fail to bring him {back} to you {safely}, you can {punish me by} killing my two sons.”
But he said, “My son will not go down with you, because his brother is dead, and he alone is left. And {if} harm were to meet him on the road that you are going on, then you would bring my gray head down in sorrow to Sheol!”
But his father replied, “{No,} I will not let my son {Benjamin} go down {to Egypt} with you. His brother is dead, so he is the only son {I have} left {from his mother}. So if anything bad happened to him on {your} journey, you would cause me, your elderly father, to grieve so badly that I would {die and} go down to the afterworld!”
Now the famine {was} heavy in the land.
The famine {continued to be} severe in the region {of Canaan}.
So it happened when they finished eating the grain that they had brought from Egypt, then their father said to them, “Return, buy a little food for us.”
So when Jacob and his family finished eating {all} the grain that his sons had brought from {the country of} Egypt, he said to them, “Go back {to Egypt} {and} buy some {more} grain for us {and our families}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
But Judah said to him, saying, “The man strongly warned us, saying, ‘You will not see my face unless your brother {is} with you!’
But {his son} Judah replied to him, “The governor {there} sternly warned us that we cannot go to him {again} {to buy grain} if our {youngest} brother {is} not with us.
If you will send our brother with us, we will go down and buy food for you.
{So} if you will allow our {youngest} brother to go with us, {then} we can go {to Egypt} and buy {more} grain for you.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But if you will not send {him}, we will not go down, because the man said to us, ‘You will not see my face unless your brother {is} with you!’ ”
However if you refuse to let him go {with us}, we cannot go {there}, because the governor warned us that we cannot go to him {again} if our {youngest} brother {is} not with us.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Israel said, “Why did you treat me badly by telling the man you have yet {another} brother?”
Then {their father} Israel asked {them}, “Why did you cause trouble for me by telling the governor that you have a younger brother?”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they said, “The man asked persistently about us and our relatives, saying, ‘Is your father still alive? Do you have {another} brother?’ And we answered him according to those words. How could we possibly know that he would say, ‘Bring your brother down’?”
They answered {him}, “The governor asked {us} many questions about ourselves and about our family. He asked {us} if our father was still alive and if we had {another} brother. We {just} answered his questions honestly. There is no way we could have known that he would require us to take our brother down {there} {to him}!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Judah said to Israel his father, “Send the young man with me, and we will get up and go so that both we and you and our little ones will live and not die.
Then Judah urged his father Israel {about Benjamin}, “Entrust the young man to me {to take care of} so that we can go immediately {to Egypt} {to buy grain}. Then all of us, including our children, can survive and not starve to death.
(There are no questions for this verse)
I myself will guarantee him. From my hand you can require him. If I do not bring him {back} to you and set him before you, then I will have sinned against you all the days.
I personally promise to keep him safe. You can hold me responsible for him, {so that} if I do not bring him {back} to you safely, I will be guilty of this sin against you for the rest of my life.
Surely if we had not delayed, surely we could have returned here twice by now.”
{In any case,} if we had not waited {this long}, we could have made two {round} trips {there and back} by now.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Israel their father said to them, “If {it must be} so, then do this: Take {some} of the choice produce of the land in your bags, and take {it} down to the man {as} a gift: a little balm, and a little honey, spices and myrrh, pistachio nuts and almonds.
Then their father Israel said to them, “Since that is how it must be, then do this: Put {some} of the best things from {our} land in your sacks, and take {them} to the governor {as} gifts. {Include} some healing salve, some honey, {some} spices and incense, {and} {some} pistachio nuts and almonds.
And take double the silver in your hand{s}, because you must return in your hand{s} the silver that was returned in the mouth of your sacks. Perhaps it {was} a mistake.
{Also} take with you twice {as much} money {as you took the first time}, because you must take back the money that someone gave back {to you} in your sacks. Maybe they did that by mistake.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So take your brother and get up, return to the man.
So {now,} take your {youngest} brother and immediately go back to the governor.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And may God Almighty give you mercies before the man, and may he send your other brother and Benjamin with you. And I, if I am bereaved, I am bereaved.”
I pray that God {who is} all-powerful will cause him to treat you kindly so that he will let your other brother and Benjamin come {back} {home} with you. But {if not, and} if I {must} lose them and grieve {for them}, {then} I {will} grieve.”
Then the men took that gift, and they took double the silver in their hand{s}, and Benjamin. Then they got up and went down {to} Egypt and stood before Joseph.
Then the brothers packed those gifts {in their sacks} along with twice as much money {as the grain would cost}. Then they {took} Benjamin {with them} and quickly traveled down to {the country of} Egypt and went directly to Joseph.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Joseph saw Benjamin with them. Then he said to {the one} who {was} over his house, “Take the men to the house, and slaughter an animal and prepare {a meal}, because the men will eat with me at noon.”
When Joseph saw Benjamin with his {other} brothers, he commanded his head house-servant, “Escort these men to {my} house. Then butcher a calf and prepare {a feast}, because {I want} them to eat with me {today} at noon.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So the man did just as Joseph {had} said, and the man brought the men to Joseph’s house.
The servant did exactly what Joseph {had} told {him to do} and escorted the brothers to Joseph’s house.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the men were afraid when they were brought {to} Joseph’s house, and they said, “Because of the matter of the silver that was returned in our sacks the first time, we have been brought. {He wants} to roll himself over us and throw himself on us and take us as slaves, and our donkeys!”
But when the brothers {saw} that he had taken them to Joseph’s house, they were afraid, and they said {to each other}, “He has taken us here because of {our} money that someone gave back to us in our sacks {on} {our} first trip {here}. {He intends} to {have his soldiers} attack us and overpower us and make us {his} servants, along with our donkeys!”
Then they went near to the man who {was} over Joseph’s house and spoke to him {at} the entrance of the house.
Then they approached Joseph’s head house-servant {outside} the door to {his} house to speak to him.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they said, “Please, my lord, we surely came down {here} the first time to buy food.
and said, “Excuse us, sir, one time before this, we traveled all the way down {here} {to Egypt} to buy {some} grain.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But it happened when we came to the lodging place, we opened our sacks and behold, {each} man’s silver {was} in the mouth of his sack; our silver {was there} in its {full} weight! So we have brought it back in our hand{s}.
But {on our way home,} when we arrived at the place where we lodged for the night, we opened our sacks. There in the top of each of our sacks {was} the money {we had paid to you} {for the grain}! The money was all there! So we brought it {all} back with us {to give to you}.
And we have brought down other silver in our hand{s} to buy food. We do not know who put our silver in our sacks.”
We have {also} brought more money with us so that we can buy {some more} grain {now}. We have no idea who put the money in our sacks.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
But he said, “Peace {be} to you, do not be afraid. Your God and the God of your father has given you hidden treasure in your sacks; your silver came to me.” Then he brought Simeon out to them.
But Joseph’s servant replied {to them}, “It is all right, {so} do not worry {about it}. The God whom you and your father serve must have put the money in your sacks, {because} I {definitely} received your money {that you paid for the grain}.” Then Joseph’s servant brought Simeon out {of prison} to his brothers.
Then the man took the men into Joseph’s house and gave {them} water, and they washed their feet, and he gave fodder to their donkeys.
Then Joseph’s servant brought the brothers into Joseph’s house and provided {them} with water to wash {the road dust off} their feet. He also fed their donkeys.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they prepared the gift for Joseph’s arrival at noon, because they had heard that they would eat bread there.
{Meanwhile,} Joseph’s brothers got {their} gifts ready to give to Joseph when he came home at noon, because they had heard that they were going to eat a meal {with him} there.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Joseph came to the house, and they brought to him the gift that {was} in their hand{s} into the house, and they bowed down to him to the ground.
When Joseph came home, his brothers {gave} to him the gifts that they had brought with them into the house, and they bowed down before him {with their faces} to the ground {to show respect}.
Then he asked them about {their} wellbeing, and he said, “{Are things} well {for} your aged father whom you spoke about? Is he still alive?”
Then Joseph asked them how they were doing, and he asked {them}, “Is your elderly father well whom you mentioned {to me}? Is he still living?”
And they said, “{Things are} well for your servant our father. He {is} still alive.” Then they bowed and bowed down.
They answered {him}, “{Yes sir,} our father, who highly respects you, is still alive and well.” Then they bowed {their heads} and bowed down {to the ground} {again}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he lifted his eyes and saw Benjamin his brother, the son of his mother, and he said, “Is this your youngest brother whom you spoke to me {about}?” Then he said, “May God be gracious to you, my son.”
Then Joseph looked around and saw his brother Benjamin, who had the same mother that he had, and he said {to them}, “So this must be your youngest brother whom you told me about.” Then he said {to Benjamin}, “I pray that God will be kind to you, young man.”
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Then Joseph hurried out, because his emotions boiled over for his brother, and he sought to cry, and he went to the inner room and cried there.
Suddenly Joseph rushed out {of the room} because he felt overwhelmed with emotions about his brother and was about to cry. So he went to his bedroom, where he cried {privately}.
Then he washed his face and came out. Then he controlled himself and said, “Serve the bread.”
After he had gotten control of his emotions {and stopped crying}, he washed {the tears off} his face and came back out {of his room}. Then he commanded {his servants}, “Serve the food {to us}.”
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So they served to him by himself, and to them by themselves, and to the Egyptians who were eating with him by themselves, because Egyptians cannot eat bread with Hebrews, because that {is} an abomination to Egyptians.
So they served {food} to Joseph at his own table, and his brothers at their own table, and the Egyptians who were eating with him at their own table. Egyptians do not eat at the same table as Hebrew people, because Egyptians consider it unacceptable {to do that}.
And they were sitting before him, the firstborn according to his birthright and the youngest according to his youth, and the men were astonished each to his neighbor.
Joseph’s brothers were sitting {at a table} facing his table in the order of their ages, from the oldest to the youngest. {When they noticed that,} they were amazed {and stared} at one another.
Then he served to them servings {of food} from before him, but Benjamin’s serving was five times larger than any of their servings. And they drank and became drunk with him.
Then Joseph {had his servants} serve food to his brothers from his table, but he {had them} serve Benjamin five times more {food} than {they} served to any of the rest {of his brothers}. Then his brothers feasted and drank {wine} freely with him.
Then he commanded {the one} who {was} over his house, saying, “Fill the men’s sacks {with} food, as much as they are able to carry, and put the silver of each {one} in the mouth of his sack.
Later Joseph ordered his head house-servant, “Fill the men’s {grain} bags with as much grain as they can take {with them}, and in the top of their bags, put the money that each {of them} paid {for the grain} .
And put my cup, the silver cup, in the mouth of the sack of the youngest {one}, and his grain’s silver.” So he did according to Joseph’s word that he spoke.
Also put my silver cup in the top of the youngest {one}’s bag, along with the money that he paid for the grain.” So the servant did exactly what Joseph had ordered {him to do}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
The morning became light, and the men were sent off, they and their donkeys.
Early the next morning, {Joseph} sent the brothers {on their way}, along with their donkeys.
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They had left the city, they had not gone far, and Joseph said to {the one} who {was} over his house, “Get up, follow after the men, and {when} you overtake them, then say to them, ‘Why have you repaid evil for good?
{But} they had not gone very far out of the city when he ordered his head servant, “Hurry {and} pursue those men. When you catch up with them, ask them, ‘Why have you treated {my master} so badly {after he was} so good {to you}?
Is this not what my lord drinks from and what he indeed divines with? You have done evil {in} what you have done!’ ”
The cup {you stole} is {the cup} that my master drinks from. He {also} uses it to find out secret things! What you have done is {very} wrong!’ ”
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Then he overtook them and spoke those words to them.
Then the servant {left, and when he} caught up with the men, he repeated to them what Joseph had told him {to say}.
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But they said to him, “Why does my lord speak words like those? Far be it from your servants to do something like that!
But they replied, “Sir, why do you say such things? {We assure you,} sir, {that} we would never do anything like that!
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Behold, the silver that we found in the mouth of our sacks we brought back to you from the land of Canaan. So how would we steal silver or gold from the house of your lord?
Remember that we returned to you the money that we discovered in our {grain} bags {last time}. {We brought it} {all the way} from {our home in} the region of Canaan! So we would never steal silver {things} or gold {things} {or anything else} from your master’s house!
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Whoever of your servants is found with it, then he will die, and we also will be slaves for my lord.”
{In fact,} sir, if you find that one of us does have the cup, then {you may} execute that person, and {the rest of} us, sir, will become your slaves.”
And he said, “Indeed now, according to your words, so it {will be}: Whoever is found with it will be a slave for me, but you {others} will be blameless.”
Joseph’s servant replied {to them}, “Okay then, I will do as you suggest {except for this}: The one whom I find with my master’s cup {is the only one who} will become my slave. {The rest of} you will be innocent {and free to go}.”
Then they each hurried and lowered his sack to the ground, and they each opened his sack.
So each of the brothers quickly took his {grain} bag {off his donkey} and put it on the ground, and each of them opened his {own} bag.
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Then he searched, beginning with the oldest and ending with the youngest, and the cup was found in Benjamin’s sack!
Then Joseph’s servant searched {their bags}. He started with the oldest {brother} and continued until he came to the youngest {brother}, and {there} he found the cup in Benjamin’s bag!
Then they tore their clothes, and each {one} loaded up his donkey, and they returned to the city.
In response {to that}, the brothers tore their clothes {in distress}. Then each {of them} put his bag {back} on his {own} donkey, and they {all} {turned around and} went back to the city.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Judah and his brothers came to Joseph’s house, and he was still there, so they fell to the ground before him.
When Judah and his brothers arrived at Joseph’s house, Joseph was there {waiting for them}. So they prostrated themselves on the ground before him {to show respect}.
Then Joseph said to them, “What {is} this deed that you have done? Did you not know that a man who {is} like me indeed divines?”
Then Joseph exclaimed to them, “What you have done is terrible! You should have known that someone in my position knows how to discover the secret things {that people do}!”
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And Judah said, “What can we say to my lord? What can we speak? And how can we justify ourselves? God has found out the sin of your servants. Behold, we {are} slaves for my lord, both we and {the one} in whose hand the cup was found.”
Judah replied {to him}, “Sir, there is nothing {convincing} that we can say {to you}. There is no way that we can explain {this}. There is no way we can prove {to you} that we are innocent. God is punishing us for our {past} sin. {So now,} sir, we are {all} here to be your slaves, including {the one} whom {your house-servant} found with your cup {in his bag}.”
But he said, “Far be it from me to do that! The man in whose hand the cup was found, he will be a slave for me. But you, go up in peace to your father.”
But Joseph told {them}, “{No,} I would never {even} consider doing such a thing! {Rather} {only} the man whom {my servant} found with my cup {in his bag} will be my slave. {The rest of} you are free to go {back} home to your father.”
Then Judah went near to him and said, “Please, my lord, please let your servant speak a word in my lord’s ears, and do not let your anger burn against your servant, since you {are} like Pharaoh.
Then Judah approached Joseph and said {to him}, “Please, sir, I humbly ask you to let me speak freely to you. Please do not be angry with me, {especially} since you {are} as {powerful as} {King} Pharaoh {himself}.
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My lord asked his servants, saying, ‘Do you have a father or {another} brother?’
Sir, {previously} you asked us if our father was {still} alive and if we had {any other} brothers.
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And we said to my lord, ‘We have an aged father and the youngest son of {his} old age. But his brother is dead, so he is left by himself from his mother, and his father loves him.’
And we told you, sir, {that} we have an elderly father and {also} a younger brother who was born when our father was {already} old. That brother’s mother only had one other son, who is now dead. So our father {especially} loves our youngest brother.
“Then you said to your servants, ‘Bring him down to me, and I will set my eyes on him.’
“Then you told us, sir, to bring our youngest brother {here} to you, so that you could see him for yourself.
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And we said to my lord, ‘The young man is not able to leave his father, because {if} he leaves his father, then he will die.’
But we told you, sir, that the young man should not leave his father {and come here}, because if he did, his father would die {from anxiety}.
But you said to your servants, ‘If your youngest brother does not come down with you, you will not see my face again.’
But then, sir, you told us {that} unless our youngest brother came with us, we could never see you again.
“Then it happened when we went up to your servant my father, then we related to him the words of my lord.
“When we returned {home} to our father, who highly respects you, we reported to him what you told {us}.
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Then our father said, ‘Return, buy a little food for us.’
{Months} later our father told {us}, ‘Go back {to Egypt} {and} buy some {more} grain for us.’
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But we said, ‘We cannot go down. {But} if our youngest brother is with us, then we will go. For we are not able to see the man’s face and our youngest brother not {be} with us.’
But we replied {to him}, ‘We cannot go {there} unless our youngest brother is with us. Then we can go. The governor {who sells grain there} will not allow us to see him {again} if our youngest brother is not with us.’
Then your servant my father said to us, ‘You know that my wife bore two {sons} for me.
Then our father said to us, ‘As you know, my wife {Rachel} and I {only} had two {sons} together.
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And the one went away from me, and I have said, “He was surely torn to pieces,” and I have not seen him until now.
One {of her sons} left here {one day}, and I have not seen him since then. I am sure that {a wild animal} must have {killed him and} torn him apart.
So {if} you also take this {one} from my presence, and harm were to meet him, then you would bring my gray head down in misery to Sheol.’
So if you also take her other son {away} from me, and anything harms him, you will cause me, your gray-haired father, so much grief that I will {die and} go down to the afterworld.
“And now, when I go to your servant my father and the young man is not with us, since his soul is bound to his soul,
“So now, {sir,} if we go {home} to our father without his youngest son, since our father’s life depends on his son’s life,
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then it will happen when he sees that the young man is not {there}, then he will die! And your servants will bring the gray head of your servant our father down in sorrow to Sheol!
if he sees that his son is gone, he will die! {Yes,} we will cause our gray-haired father so much grief that he will {die and} go to the afterworld!
For your servant guaranteed the young man to my father, saying, ‘If I do not bring him {back} to you, then I will have sinned against my father all the days.’
Besides that, sir, I promised my father that I would return his son to him safely. I told {him} that if I did not bring his son {back} to him, I would be guilty of sinning against him forever.
“And now, please let your servant stay {as} a slave for my lord instead of the young man, and let the young man go up with his brothers.
“So then, sir, I beg you to let me stay {here} and be your slave in place of our youngest {brother}, and let him go back {home} with his {other} brothers.
For how will I go up to my father if the young man is not with me? I fear to see the misery that would find my father!”
There is no way I can go back to my father if his youngest {son} is not with me! I could not bear to see how terribly my father would suffer!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Joseph was not able to control himself before all who were standing by him, and he called out, “Have every man leave from beside me!” So no man stood with him when Joseph revealed himself to his brothers.
{When Joseph heard that,} he could no {longer} keep himself from crying in front of all his servants, so he shouted {to them}, “All of you leave my presence!” {Immediately the servants left the room,} so that no one else was with Joseph when he told his brothers who he was.
And he gave his voice in crying, and the Egyptians heard, and the house of Pharaoh heard.
But he started crying so loudly that {many} Egyptians heard {him}, including Pharaoh’s family.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Joseph said to his brothers, “I {am} Joseph! Is my father still alive?” But his brothers were not able to answer him, because they were terrified at his presence.
Then he exclaimed to his brothers {in their language}, “I {am} {your brother} Joseph! Is my father still alive?” But Joseph’s brothers could not reply to him, because they felt very afraid to be standing in front of him.
Then Joseph said to his brothers, “Please come close to me.” So they came close, and he said, “I {am} Joseph your brother, whom you sold into Egypt.
So Joseph said to them, “Please come here next to me.” After they went closer {to him}, he said {to them}, “I {really am} your brother Joseph, whom you sold {to be a slave} in {the country of} Egypt.
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And now, do not be grieved and do not let it burn in your eyes that you sold me here, because God sent me ahead of you for the preservation of life.
But now, do not be upset or angry with yourselves for selling me, because {it was actually} God {who} sent me {here} before you came, to save {many people’s} lives.
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For this {is} two years the famine {has been} in the midst of the land, and {there are} still five years {in} which {there will} not be plowing and harvesting.
For two years {now} {there has been} a famine throughout this region, and for another five years {it will be so severe that} no one will {be able to} plant {seeds} or harvest {crops}.
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But God sent me ahead of you to preserve a remnant for you on the earth, and to keep you alive by a great deliverance.
That is why God sent me {here} before you came, to save your lives in this amazing way so that you will survive and have descendants on the earth.
So now, {it was} not you {who} sent me here, but God. And he has made me father to Pharaoh, and lord over all his house and the ruler in all the land of Egypt.
So then, you {were} not {the ones} {who} caused me to come here, but {rather} {it was} God {who sent me}. He has {also} made me {like a} father to {King} Pharaoh, so that I am the one in charge of his entire household and {also} the governor over the entire country of Egypt.
“Hurry and go up to my father and say to him, ‘This {is what} your son Joseph says, “God has made me lord over all Egypt. Come down to me, do not delay.
“Hurry back to our father and tell him that his son Joseph has sent him this message: ‘God has appointed me governor over the entire {country of} Egypt. {So} {please} come down {here} {to live} near me, {and} do not delay.
And you will live in the land of Goshen so that you will be near to me—you and your children and your children’s children and your flocks and your herds and all that {belongs} to you.
You can live in Goshen Province. That way you will live close to me with your children and your grandchildren, along with your flocks {of sheep and goats}, your herds {of cattle} and everything {else} that you own.
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And I will provide for you there, because {there are} still five years of famine, so that you will not become impoverished, you and your household and all that {belongs} to you.”’.
I will take care of you there, since the famine will last five {more} years. {Please come} so that {the famine} will not cause you and your family to lose everything you own {and die}.”’.
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“And behold, your eyes and the eyes of my brother Benjamin see that {it is} my mouth that is speaking to you.
{Then Joseph said to his brothers,} “Look! {All of} you, including my brother Benjamin, {can} see that {it really is} me, {Joseph,} who is talking to you.
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So report to my father all my glory in Egypt and all that you have seen. Then hurry and bring my father down here.”
So {go and} tell our father all {about} how powerful I am in Egypt and {about} everything {else} that you have seen {here}. Then quickly bring him down here {to me}.”
Then he fell on the neck of Benjamin his brother and cried, and Benjamin cried on his neck.
Then Joseph hugged his brother Benjamin {tightly} and cried {for joy}, and Benjamin {also} cried as he hugged Joseph.
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Then he kissed all his brothers and cried over them. And after that his brothers talked with him.
Then Joseph kissed all his brothers {on their cheeks} as he continued to cry {for joy}. After {he did} that, his brothers started talking with him.
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And the report was heard {in} the house of Pharaoh, saying, “The brothers of Joseph have come.” And it was good in the eyes of Pharaoh and in the eyes of his servants.
When Pharaoh’s household heard the news that Joseph’s brothers had come {there}, Pharaoh and {all} his servants were happy.
Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Say to your brothers, ‘Do this: Load your animals and leave; go to the land of Canaan.
So Pharaoh told Joseph, “Give your brothers this message {from me}: ‘Load your donkeys {with grain} and go quickly {back} to Canaan.
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Then get your father and your households, and come to me, and I will give to you the best of the land of Egypt, and you will eat the fat of the land.’
Then bring your father and your families {back} {here} to me. I will give you the best {area} in the country of Egypt {to live in}, so that you will live well with the best of everything in the country.’
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“And you are commanded, ‘Do this: Take carts with you from the land of Egypt for your little ones and for your wives, and get your father and come.
{Then Pharaoh said to Joseph,} “I also want you {to tell them} to take {some of} {my} wagons with them from the country of Egypt for their wives and {young} children {to travel in}. Then {tell them} to bring their father {back} {here to live}.
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And do not let your eyes grieve over your belongings, because the best of all the land of Egypt {belongs} to you.’ ”
They should not worry about {leaving some of} their belongings {behind}, because the best {things} in all the country of Egypt {will be} theirs.”
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Then the sons of Israel did so. And Joseph gave to them carts according to the mouth of Pharaoh, and he gave provisions to them for the road.
So Israel’s sons {agreed to} do that. Then Joseph gave them wagons {to use} as {King} Pharaoh had commanded, and he supplied them with food to eat as they traveled {home}.
To all of them, to each {one}, he gave changes of clothes, but to Benjamin he gave 300 {shekels} of silver and five changes of clothes.
He {also} gave a {new} set of clothes to each one of his brothers, but to Benjamin he gave five {new} sets of clothes and 300 {pieces} of silver {money}.
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And to his father he sent this: ten he-donkeys loaded with the best of Egypt, and ten she-donkeys loaded {with} grain and bread and provisions for his father for the road.
He also gave {them} the following gifts to give to his father: ten male donkeys that were carrying {some of} the best {things} from Egypt, and ten female donkeys that were carrying grain, bread, and {other} food for him {and his family} to eat as they traveled {to Egypt}.
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Then he sent his brothers, and {as} they left, then he said to them, “Do not quarrel on the road.”
Then Joseph sent his brothers off {on their way home}. As they were leaving, he told them, “Do not argue {with each other} on the way.”
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Then they went up from Egypt and came {to} the land of Canaan, to Jacob their father.
Then Joseph’s brothers left Egypt and traveled {home} to their father Jacob in the region of Canaan.
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And they reported to him, saying, “Joseph {is} still alive! And in fact, he {is} the ruler over all the land of Egypt!” But his heart went numb because he did not believe them.
{When they arrived,} they announced to him, “Joseph {is} still alive! In fact, he {is} the governor over the entire country of Egypt!” {When their father heard that news,} he was stunned {and silent}, because he could not believe them.
Then they told him all the words of Joseph that he had spoken to them, and he saw the carts that Joseph had sent to carry him, then the spirit of Jacob their father revived.
But {after} they told him everything that Joseph had said to them, and {after} he saw the wagons that Joseph had sent to carry him {and his family} {to Egypt}, he recovered {from the shock}.
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And Israel said, “Enough! Joseph my son {is} still alive! I will go and see him before I die.”
Then he exclaimed {to them}, “{That’s} enough! {It must be true!} My son Joseph really is alive! I must go {now} and see him {again} before I die.”
Then Israel set out and all that {belonged} to him. Then he came to Beersheba, and he sacrificed sacrifices to the God of his father Isaac.
So Israel {and his family} started traveling {toward Egypt} with all their belongings. When they reached {the city of} Beersheba, he offered some of his animals {on an altar} {there} as sacrifices to God, whom his father Isaac had worshiped.
And God spoke to Israel in visions of the night and said, “Jacob! Jacob!” And he said, “Behold me.”
During the night God called to Israel in a vision, “Jacob! Jacob!” Jacob replied, “Yes, {Lord}?”
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And he said, “I {am} God, the God of your father. Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, because I will make you into a great nation there.
Then God said {to him}, “I {am} God, the God whom your father worshiped. Don’t be afraid of moving down to {the country of} Egypt, because I will make your descendants {multiply and} become a large people group {while they live} there.
I myself will go down with you to Egypt, and I myself will also surely bring you up. And Joseph will put his hand over your eyes.”
I will personally go with you down to Egypt {and take care of you there}. Later I will definitely bring your descendants {back} {here to Canaan}. When you die, Joseph will be with you.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Jacob got up from Beersheba, and the sons of Israel carried Jacob their father and their little ones and their wives in the carts that Pharaoh had sent to carry him.
After that, Jacob left {the city of} Beersheba, and his sons took him and their wives and children in the wagons that {King} Pharaoh had provided for them to ride in {to Egypt}.
And they took their livestock and their possessions that they had acquired in the land of Canaan. Then they came to Egypt, Jacob and all of his offspring with him,
They {also} brought {with them} their livestock and their {other} belongings that they had gotten in the region of Canaan. Then Jacob and all of his descendants arrived in Egypt.
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his sons and his sons’ sons with him, his daughters and his sons’ daughters. So all his offspring he brought with him to Egypt.
He brought his entire {extended} family with him to Egypt, {including} his sons and daughters, {and} his grandsons and granddaughters.
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Now these {are} the names of the sons of Israel who went to Egypt, Jacob and his sons: the firstborn of Jacob {was} Reuben.
Here is a list of the names of Israel’s descendants who came {with him} to Egypt, {that is, the names of} Jacob’s descendants: Reuben, {who was} his oldest {son},
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And the sons of Reuben {were} Hanoch and Pallu and Hezron and Carmi.
and Reuben’s sons, {who were} Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.
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And the sons of Simeon {were} Jemuel and Jamin and Ohad and Jakin and Zohar and Shaul, the son of a Canaanite woman.
{Simeon and} Simeon’s sons, {who were} Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jakin, Zohar, and Shaul, who had a Canaanite mother.
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And the sons of Levi {were} Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
{Levi and} Levi’s sons, {who were} Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
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And the sons of Judah {were} Er and Onan and Shelah and Perez and Zerah, but Er and Onan had died in the land of Canaan. And the sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.
{Judah and} Judah’s sons, {who were} Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah; actually, Er and Onan had {already} died in the region of Canaan. Perez’s sons were Hezron and Hamul.
And the sons of Issachar {were} Tola and Puvah and Job and Shimron.
{Issachar and} Issachar’s sons, {who were} Tola, Puvah, Job, and Shimron.
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And the sons of Zebulun {were} Sered and Elon and Jahleel.
{Zebulun and} Zebulun’s sons, {who were} Sered, Elon, and Jahleel.
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Those {were} the sons of Leah, whom she bore for Jacob in Paddan Aram, and Dinah his daughter. All the souls of his sons and his daughters {were} thirty-three.
Those {were} the sons {and grandsons} whom Jacob and {his wife} Leah had together in {the region of} Paddan Aram. {They} also {had} a daughter {named} Dinah. The total number of those descendants {was} thirty-three.
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And the sons of Gad {were} Ziphion and Haggi, Shuni and Ezbon, Eri and Arodi and Areli.
{Jacob’s other descendants who came with him included} {his son Gad and} Gad’s sons, {who were} Ziphion, Haggi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi, and Areli.
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And the sons of Asher {were} Imnah and Ishvah and Ishvi and Beriah and Serah their sister. And the sons of Beriah {were} Heber and Malkiel.
{He also took} {his son Asher and} Asher’s sons, {who were} Imnah, Ishvah, Ishvi, and Beriah, and their sister Serah. Beriah’s sons {were} Heber and Malkiel.
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Those {were} the sons of Zilpah, whom Laban had given to Leah his daughter. And she bore those sixteen souls for Jacob.
Those {were} the children {and grandchildren} {that Jacob had} with Zilpah, {who was the servant woman} that Laban had given to his daughter Leah. {Those descendants that} Zilpah and Jacob had together {totaled} sixteen persons.
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The sons of Rachel, the wife of Jacob, {were} Joseph and Benjamin.
The sons that Jacob had with his wife Rachel {were} Joseph and Benjamin.
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And Manasseh and Ephraim were born to Joseph in the land of Egypt, whom Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera the priest of On, bore for him.
Joseph’s {sons} who were born in {the country of} Egypt {were} Manasseh and Ephraim. Their mother was {Joseph’s wife} Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera, {who was} the priest at {the city of} On.
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And the sons of Benjamin {were} Bela and Beker and Ashbel, Gera and Naaman, Ehi and Rosh, Muppim and Huppim and Ard.
Benjamin’s sons {were} Bela, Beker, Ashbel, Gera, Naaman, Ehi, Rosh, Muppim, Huppim, and Ard.
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Those {were} the sons of Rachel, whom she bore for Jacob; all the souls {were} fourteen.
Those {were} the sons {and grandsons} whom Jacob and {his wife} Rachel had together, a total of fourteen descendants.
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And the sons of Dan {were} Hushim.
{Other descendants who came with Jacob included:} {his son Dan and} Dan’s son Hushim.
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And the sons of Naphtali {were} Jahziel and Guni and Jezer and Shillem.
{Naphtali and} Naphtali’s sons, {who were} Jahziel, Guni, Jezer, and Shillem.
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Those {were} the sons of Bilhah, whom Laban had given to Rachel his daughter. And she bore those for Jacob; all the souls {were} seven.
Those {were all} the sons {and grandsons} that Jacob had with Bilhah, {the servant woman} whom Laban had given to his daughter Rachel. The total number of those descendants {was} seven.
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All the souls who went with Jacob to Egypt, who came out of his thigh, apart from the wives of Jacob’s sons; all the souls {were} sixty-six.
Altogether Jacob had sixty-six blood relatives who went with him to Egypt. That {number} does not include {his wives or} his sons’ wives.
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And the sons of Joseph who were born for him in Egypt {were} two souls. All the souls {belonging} to the house of Jacob who went to Egypt {were} seventy.
{If you include} {Jacob, Joseph, and} Joseph’s two sons, who were born in Egypt, {then} there was a total of seventy members of Jacob’s family in Egypt.
And he sent Judah before him to Joseph to show {the way} before him to Goshen. And they came to the land of Goshen.
{When they reached Egypt,} Jacob had Judah go to Joseph ahead of them to get directions {from him} to Goshen {Province}. After that, Jacob’s family traveled to Goshen.
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Then Joseph harnessed his chariot and went up to meet Israel his father in Goshen. And he appeared to him, and he fell on his neck and cried on his neck a long time.
Then Joseph got his chariot ready and went to Goshen to meet his father Israel. {There} Joseph greeted his father and hugged him {tightly} and cried {for joy} on his shoulder {for} a long time.
Then Israel said to Joseph, “Now I can die, since I have seen your face, that you {are} still alive!”
Then Israel exclaimed to Joseph, “Now when I die {I will be at peace}, because I have seen you in person {and know} that you are still alive!”
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Then Joseph said to his brothers and to the household of his father, “I will go up and report to Pharaoh, and I will say to him, ‘My brothers and the household of my father who {were living} in the land of Canaan have come to me.
Then Joseph announced to his brothers and {the rest of} his father’s family, “I will go to {King} Pharaoh and inform him, ‘My brothers and {the rest of} my father’s family have traveled {here} from the region of Canaan to live near me.
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And the men {are} herders of sheep, for they are livestock men, and they have brought their flock{s} and their herd{s} and everything that {belongs} to them.’
The men {of my family} raise sheep {and goats}. In fact, they raise {all kinds of} livestock {for a living}, and they have brought {with them} {all} their sheep {and goats} and cattle, and everything {else} that they own.’
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Then it will be, when Pharaoh calls for you and says, ‘What {is} your work?’
So then, when the king summons you and asks {you} what your occupation is,
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then you should say, ‘Your servants have been livestock men from our youth and until now, both we {and} also our fathers,’ so that you can settle in the land of Goshen, because every herder of sheep {is} an abomination {to} Egyptians.”
you should tell {him}, ‘Sir, ever since the time we were young until now, we have been raising livestock, {which is} the same occupation that our ancestors had.’ That way {he will allow} you to live {separately} in Goshen Province, {especially} since Egyptians despise everyone who raises sheep.”
Then Joseph went and reported to Pharaoh and said, “My father and my brothers and their flock{s} and their herd{s} and all that {belongs} to them have come from the land of Canaan, and behold, they {are} in the land of Goshen.”
So Joseph went to {King} Pharaoh and informed {him}, “My father and my brothers {and their families} have come {to Egypt} from the region of Canaan and {are} now in Goshen Province. {They brought with them} their sheep, {goats,} cattle, and everything {else} that they own.”
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Then he took five men from among his brothers, and he presented them before Pharaoh.
Then Joseph brought five of his brothers before Pharaoh and introduced them {to him}.
Then Pharaoh said to his brothers, “What {is} your work?” And they said to Pharaoh, “Your servants {are} herders of sheep, both we and our fathers.”
Then Pharaoh asked them, “What {is} your occupation?” They answered him, “Your Majesty, we raise sheep {for a living}, just like our ancestors did.”
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Then they said to Pharaoh, “We have come to sojourn in the land, because there is not pasture for the flock{s} that {belong} to your servants, because the famine {is} heavy in the land of Canaan. So now, please let your servants settle in the land of Goshen.”
They {also} said to him, “We have come {here} to live for a while in {your} country. The famine is so severe In the region of Canaan {where we come from} that there is not enough grass {in the fields} for our flocks. So then, sir, please let us live in Goshen Province.”
Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, saying, “Your father and your brothers have come to you.
Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, “{Now that} your father and brothers have come {to live} near you,
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The land of Egypt {is} before you. Settle your father and your brothers in the best land; let them settle in the land of Goshen. And if you know that there are men of ability among them, then appoint them overseers of livestock over {those} that {belong} to me.”
you may choose any part of the land of Egypt {for them to live in}. {In fact,} they may live in the best land {in the country}, in Goshen Province. And if you know that some of them are especially talented {at raising livestock}, then put them in charge of raising my livestock {also}.”
Then Joseph brought Jacob his father and presented him before Pharaoh, and Jacob blessed Pharaoh.
Then Joseph took his father Jacob and introduced him to {King} Pharaoh, and Jacob {asked God to} bless Pharaoh.
Then Pharaoh said to Jacob, “How many {are} the days of the years of your life?”
Then Pharaoh asked Jacob, “{Sir,} how old are you now?”
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And Jacob said to Pharaoh, “The days of the years of my sojournings {are} 130 years. The days of the years of my life have been few and difficult, and they have not reached the days of the years of my fathers’ lives in the days of their sojournings.”
Jacob answered him, “I have been living {in this world} for 130 years. My life has been short, with many hardships. In fact, I have not lived {nearly} as long as my ancestors did during their time on earth.”
Then Jacob blessed Pharaoh and left from the presence of Pharaoh.
Then Jacob {again} {asked God to} bless Pharaoh and left him.
Then Joseph settled his father and his brothers, and he gave them property in the land of Egypt, in the best land, in the land of Rameses, as Pharaoh had commanded.
After that, Joseph did what Pharaoh had told him {to do}: He helped his father and brothers settle in the country of Egypt. He gave them the choicest property {in Egypt}, which was in {Goshen Province, also known as} Rameses Province.
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And Joseph provided his father and his brothers and all the household of his father {with} bread, according to the mouth{s} of the little ones.
Joseph {also} provided his father and brothers and all {the rest of} his father’s family {with} as much food as {each family} needed to feed {all} the people in their family.
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Now there was no bread in all the earth, because the famine {was} very heavy, and the land of Egypt and the land of Canaan were languishing because of the famine.
Now {after a while,} the famine became so severe in the entire world that there was very little food {available} {anywhere}. {The people of} the country of Egypt and the region of Canaan were suffering badly because they did not have enough to eat.
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And Joseph collected all the silver that was found in the land of Egypt and in the land of Canaan for the grain which they were buying, and Joseph brought the silver to the house of Pharaoh.
So they bought grain from Joseph until there was no more money left in the country of Egypt or the region of Canaan. Joseph {had his servants} take the money to Pharaoh’s palace.
So the silver was consumed from the land of Egypt and from the land of Canaan, and all Egypt came to Joseph, saying, “Give us bread! And why should we die before you? For the silver is gone!”
When {the people in} Egypt and Canaan had spent all their money, {people from} all over Egypt went to Joseph and begged {him}, “{Sir,} we have no more money! Please give us food so that we do not starve to death!”
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And Joseph said, “Bring your livestock and I will give {grain} to you {in exchange} for your livestock, since the silver is gone.”
Joseph responded, “Since your money is gone, bring {me} your livestock to pay for the food that I will give you.”
So they brought their livestock to Joseph, and Joseph gave bread to them {in exchange} for the horses and for the herd{s} of sheep and for the herd{s} of cattle and for the donkeys. So he provided them with bread in that year {in exchange} for all their livestock.
So the people brought their livestock to Joseph. They gave him {their} horses, sheep, goats, cattle, and donkeys to pay for the food that he gave them. In that way Joseph supplied the people with food that year, {and they gave him} all their livestock {to pay} for it.
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And {when} that year had ended, then they came to him in the second year and said to him, “We cannot hide {it} from my lord that since the silver is consumed and the herd{s} of livestock {belong} to my lord, there is nothing left before my lord except our bodies and our lands.
After that year was over, the people went to Joseph {again} in the following year and pleaded with him, “Sir, as you know, {our} money is gone and {all} {our} livestock {belong} to you. The only way we can pay you {for food} is to give you our farmland and work for you, sir.
Why should we die before your eyes, both we and our land? Buy us and our land {in exchange} for the bread, and we and our land will be slaves to Pharaoh. Give {us} seed so that we will live and not die, and the land will not be desolate!”
Please do not {just} watch us die or let our land {become wasteland}. {Instead,} {please} take us and our land {in exchange} for food. Then we will be {King} Pharaoh’s slaves, and our land {will also be his}. {Please} give {us} seeds {to plant} so that we can stay alive and not {starve} to death, and {so that} the land will not become a desert!”
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Then Joseph bought all the {farm}land of Egypt for Pharaoh, because every Egyptian sold his field, because the famine was heavy for them. So the land became Pharaoh’s.
So Joseph {agreed and} acquired all the land in {the country of} Egypt for Pharaoh. All the Egyptians sold their fields {to him} {in exchange for food}, because the food shortage was {so} severe. In that way, {all} the land became Pharaoh’s {property}.
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And {as for} the people, he moved them to the cities from {one} end of the border of Egypt to its {other} end.
Joseph {also} relocated the people to the cities throughout the entire {country of} Egypt.
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Only the land of the priests he did not buy, because {there was} an allotment for the priests from Pharaoh, and they ate {from} their allotment that Pharaoh gave to them. For that {reason} they did not sell their land.
The only land that he did not buy was the priests’ {land}, because they regularly received a certain amount {of food} from Pharaoh, and they had enough to eat from what he gave to them. That is why they did not {need to} sell their land {to buy food}.
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Then Joseph said to the people, “Behold, today I have bought you and your land for Pharaoh. Here {is} seed for you so that you can sow the ground.
Next Joseph announced to the {Egyptian} people, “Listen, now that you and your farmland belong to {King} Pharaoh, here {are} {some} seeds for you so that you can plant {them in} the fields.
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And it will happen in the harvests that you must give a fifth to Pharaoh, and the four parts will be for you as seed of the field and as your food and for those in your houses and for your little ones to eat.”
Then every harvest season, you must give him one-fifth {of the crops you harvest}. The rest {of what you harvest} will be yours {to use} to plant {in} the fields and as food for you and your families, including your children.”
And they said, “You have kept us alive! Let us find favor in the eyes of my lord, and we will be slaves for Pharaoh.”
The people replied {to him}, “You have saved our lives! Please {continue to} be kind to us, sir, and we will {agree to} be {King} Pharaoh’s servants.”
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And Joseph established it as a law to this day concerning the {farm}land of Egypt, {that} the fifth {belongs} to Pharaoh. Only the land of the priests by itself did not become Pharaoh’s.
So Joseph made a law {that required} {people to give} to Pharaoh one-fifth {of all the crops they harvested} from the fields in Egypt. {That law} is still {in effect} today. The priests’ land was the only {land} {in Egypt} that did not belong to Pharaoh.
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And Israel settled in the land of Egypt, in the land of Goshen, and they acquired {possessions} in it. And they were fruitful and multiplied greatly.
Now {Jacob, whose other name was} Israel, was living {with his family} in Goshen Province in the country of Egypt, and they acquired {many possessions} there. They had many children and became very numerous.
And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years, and the days of Jacob, the years of his life, were 147 years,
{After} Jacob had lived in the country of Egypt {for} seventeen years, he was 147 years old.
and the days of Israel drew near {for him} to die. So he called for his son, for Joseph, and said to him, “If, please, I have found favor in your eyes, please put your hand under my thigh, and deal with me {in} kindness and faithfulness. Please do not bury me in Egypt.
{When} it was almost time for him to die, he summoned his son Joseph and urged him, “Please do this favor for me: Put your hand under my leg, and {promise me that} {after I die,} you will be kind and faithful to me. Please {promise that} you will not bury my body {here} in {the country of} Egypt.
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And {when} I lie down with my fathers, then carry me out of Egypt and bury me in their tomb.” And he said, “I will do according to your word.”
Rather, after I die and join my ancestors {who have died}, take my body out of Egypt {to the region of Canaan} and bury it in the same burial place where their bodies are.” Joseph promised {him}, “I will do what you requested.”
Then he said, “Swear to me.” And he swore to him. Then Israel bowed at the head of the bed.
But his father insisted, “Vow to me {before God} {that you will do it}.” So Joseph vowed {that he would do it}. Then {his father} Israel bowed {down} {to worship God} beside {his} bed.
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Then it happened after those things that {someone} said to Joseph, “Behold, your father is sick.” So he took his two sons with him, Manasseh and Ephraim.
{Some time} after those things happened, {someone} told Joseph, “Listen, your father is sick.” So Joseph {went to visit his father and} took his two sons Manasseh and Ephraim with him.
And {someone} announced to Jacob and said, “Behold, your son Joseph has come to you.” Then Israel gathered his strength and sat up on the bed.
{When they got there,} someone informed Jacob, “Look, your son Joseph has come to visit you.” {Immediately} Israel exerted himself and sat up at {the head of} {his} bed {and they greeted each other}.
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Then Jacob said to Joseph, “God Almighty appeared to me at Luz in the land of Canaan, and he blessed me
Then Jacob told Joseph, “God {who is} all-powerful appeared to me {long ago} in the region of Canaan at {the town of} Luz. He blessed me {there}
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and said to me, ‘Behold, I am making you fruitful, and I will multiply you and make you into a community of peoples. And I will give this land to your offspring after you {as} an everlasting possession.’
by saying to me, ‘Listen, I will give you many descendants who will increase {in number} and become many people groups. I will {also} give this land to your descendants to own forever.’ ”
“And now, your two sons, who were born for you in the land of Egypt before I came to you in Egypt, they {are} mine, Ephraim and Manasseh, just as Reuben and Simeon are mine.
{Then Jacob said to Joseph,} “Now then, your two sons Ephraim and Manasseh, who were born to you {here} in the country of Egypt before I joined you here, {I will treat as} my sons, just like my sons Reuben and Simeon.
But your children whom you father after them will be yours. They will be called by the name of their brothers in their inheritance.
If you have any more children, they will be yours, {so that} what they inherit {from me} will be some of what their brothers {Ephraim and Manasseh} inherit {from me}.
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And I, as I was coming from Paddan, Rachel died beside me in the land of Canaan on the way, while {there was} still a distance of land to go to Ephrath. And I buried her there beside the road of Ephrath, which {is} Bethlehem.”
I {am doing this because} as our family was returning {home} from {the region of} Paddan {Aram}, {your mother} Rachel died beside me in the region of Canaan while we were still traveling and some distance away from {the town of} Ephrath. {As you know,} I buried her body there by the road that goes to Ephrath, which {now has the name} Bethlehem.”
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Then Israel saw the sons of Joseph and said, “Who {are} these?”
Then Israel noticed Joseph’s {two} sons and asked {him}, “Who {are} these {young men}?”
And Joseph said to his father, “They {are} my sons whom God has given to me in this {place}.” Then he said, “Please bring them to me, and I will bless them.”
Joseph answered him, “These {are} my sons whom God gave to me here {in Egypt}.” Then Israel said {to Joseph}, “Please bring them {closer} to me so that I can {ask God to} bless them.”
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Now the eyes of Israel were heavy from age, {so that} he was not able to see. So he brought them near to him, and he kissed them and embraced them.
Now Israel was almost blind because of old age, {so that} he could not see {very clearly}. So Joseph took his sons {closer} to his father, and his father kissed them {on the cheeks} and hugged them.
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Then Israel said to Joseph, “I did not expect to see your face, but behold, God has let me see also your offspring!”
Then Israel exclaimed to Joseph, “I never thought I would see you {again}, but {now} look, God has even let me meet your children!”
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Then Joseph removed them from beside his knees, and he bowed down with his nose to the ground.
Then Joseph had his sons move away from beside his father’s knees, and he bowed {before his father} and touched the ground with his forehead {to show him respect}.
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Then Joseph took both of them, Ephraim on his right toward Israel’s left and Manasseh on his left toward Israel’s right, and brought {them} near to him.
Then he brought his sons close to his father {again}. He had Ephraim stand in front of Israel’s left {side}, and he had Manasseh stand in front of Israel’s right {side}.
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But Israel extended his right hand and placed {it} on the head of Ephraim, and he {was} the younger, and {he placed} his left hand on the head of Manasseh. He guided his hands, because Manasseh {was} the firstborn.
But Israel {intentionally} reached out his right hand and put {it} on Ephraim’s head, even though Ephraim {was} {Joseph’s} younger {son}. Then he crossed his arms and {put} his left hand on Manasseh’s head, {even} though Manasseh {was} {Joseph’s} oldest {son}.
Then he blessed Joseph and said, “May the God whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac walked before, the God who has been shepherding me from since I {was born} until this day,
Then Israel blessed Joseph {and his sons} by saying, “I pray that the God whom my ancestors Abraham and Isaac served {will bless your sons}. He is the God who has taken care of me my entire life.
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the Angel who has redeemed me from all evil, may he bless {these} boys, and may my name be called in them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac, and may they grow into a multitude in the midst of the earth.”
{He is also} the Angel who saved me {continually} from every harm. I pray that he will cause {these} young men to prosper {greatly}, so that my family line and the family line of my ancestors Abraham and Isaac will continue through them and so that they will have many descendants on the earth.”
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And Joseph saw that his father had placed his right hand on the head of Ephraim, and it was displeasing in his eyes, so he took hold of the hand of his father to move it from the head of Ephraim to the head of Manasseh.
{When} Joseph noticed that his father had put his right hand on Ephraim’s head, he thought it was a mistake. So he took hold of his father’s hand {in order} to move it from Ephraim’s head to Manasseh’s head.
And Joseph said to his father, “Not so, my father, because that {one} {is} the firstborn son. Put your right hand on his head.”
Then he said to his father, “That is the wrong son, Father. The other {one} {is} {my} oldest son. {So} {you need to} have your right hand on his head.”
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But his father refused and said, “I know, my son, I know. He will also become a people, and he will also be great. Nevertheless his younger brother will be greater than he, and his offspring will become a multitude of nations.”
But his father would not {move his hands} and replied, “I know {it}, my son, I know {what I am doing}. {In fact,} your oldest son will also be a great man, and he will become {the ancestor of} a people group. However, his younger brother will be {even} greater than he {will be}, and his {younger} brother’s descendants will become many people groups.”
And he blessed them on that day, saying, “By you Israel will bless {people}, saying, ‘May God make you like Ephraim and like Manasseh.’ ” So he put Ephraim before Manasseh.
So Israel blessed Ephraim and Manasseh that day by saying {to them}, “{The people of} Israel will use your names when they bless {people} and say, ‘May God prosper you like {he prospered} Ephraim and Manasseh.’ ” In that way, Israel made Ephraim greater than Manasseh.
Then Israel said to Joseph, “Behold, I am dying, and God will be with you, and he will bring you back to the land of your fathers.
After that, Israel {turned} to Joseph {and} said {to him}, “As you can see, I am about to die, but God will {always} be with you and your brothers {and all your descendants} {to help you}. He will also take you back to the land that {he gave} to your ancestors.
And I give you Shechem, one {portion} above your brothers, which I took from the hand of the Amorite{s} with my sword and with my bow.”
Besides that, {as part of your inheritance from me,} I {hereby} give you {the city of} Shechem, {which} I captured from the Amorite{s} when I defeated them in battle. This is more {land} than I am giving to your brothers.”
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Then Jacob called for his sons and said, “Gather together, and I will reveal to you what will meet you in the end of days.
Then Jacob summoned {all} his sons. He said {to them}, “Come together {here}, so that I can tell you what will happen to you {and your descendants} in the years ahead.
Assemble and listen, sons of Jacob, and listen to Israel your father.
My sons, gather around {me,} {your father} Jacob, and listen {to me}. {I,} your father Israel, have something {important} to tell you.
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“Reuben, you {are} my firstborn, my might and the first of my strength, excelling {in} rank and excelling {in} power.
“Reuben, you {are} my oldest {son}, {the result of} my strength and the first child I had as a young man. {You had} high status and great authority {in our family}.
Turbulent like waters, you will not excel, because you went up {onto} your father’s bed, and you defiled {it}. He went up {onto} my couch!
{However,} {you are} unstable like {rushing} water, {so} you will no longer have your important status {in our family}, because you got {into} my bed {with my concubine} {and} dishonored me! You {actually} climbed {into} my couch!
“Simeon and Levi {are} brothers. Their swords {are} weapons of violence.
“Simeon and Levi, {you are} partners. You use your swords to do violent things {together}.
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Do not let my soul enter into their council! Do not let my glory join in their assembly, because in their anger they killed a man, and for their pleasure they hamstrung an ox.
I will never participate with you when you plan {evil} things! I refuse to make {evil} plans with you, because you became angry and murdered {many} people, and {just} to entertain yourselves you crippled {some} cattle.
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Cursed {be} their anger because {it is} strong, and their fury because {it is} cruel! I will divide them in Jacob, and I will scatter them in Israel.
May God curse you for being so fiercely angry and malicious! I {ask God to} scatter you {and your descendants} among {the descendants of} Jacob. That’s right, I {ask him to} scatter you throughout {the land of} Israel.
“Judah, {it is} you your brothers will praise. Your hand {will be} on the neck of those opposing you. The sons of your father will bow down to you.
“Judah, your brothers {and their descendants} will {highly} praise you {and your descendants}. You will conquer your enemies. {Then} my {other} sons will prostrate themselves before you {and your descendants} {in respect}.
Judah {is} the cub of a lion. From the prey, my son, you have gone up. He crouches {and} lies down like a lion. And like a lioness, who will rouse him?
Judah, my son, {you are} {powerful} {like} a young lion that has returned {to its den} after {killing} {its} prey. It stretches out {and} lies down {to sleep}. No one dares to disturb that lion.
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The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the staff from between his feet, until Shiloh comes and to him {belongs} the obedience of the peoples.
Judah, there will always be one of your descendants ruling as king. In fact, your descendants will rule until the {highest} king comes and the peoples {of the earth} obey him.
He will tether his donkey to the {grape}vine, and the son of his donkey to the choice branch. He will wash his garment{s} in wine and his robe{s} in the blood of grapes.
You {and your descendants} will {be so wealthy that you could} tie your donkey{s} to {your} {grape}vine{s} {to eat the valuable fruit}. {It will not matter if} your donkeys’ colts eat {your} best {grapevine} branch{es}. {You will still have so much wine from other vines that} you could {even} use it like water to wash your clothes.
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{His} eyes {will be} brilliant from wine, and {his} teeth {will be} white from milk.
{Your} eyes {will be} bright from {drinking} {abundant} wine, and {your} teeth {will be} white from {drinking} {abundant} milk.
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“Zebulun will settle at the shore of the sea, and he {will live} at the shore of ships, and his border {will reach} to Sidon.
“Zebulun, {you} {and your descendants} will live near the coast, where there will be a {safe} harbor for ships. Your territory {will extend} as far {north} as {the city of} Sidon.
“Issachar {is} a strong donkey lying down between two saddlebags.
“Issachar, {you} {and your descendants} {will be} {like} a sturdy donkey {that is} resting {on the ground} between two loads.
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And he sees {his} resting place that {it is} good and the land that it is pleasant. Then he will bend his shoulder to bear {the loads}, and he will be a forced labor servant.
You will have a good place to rest, in a land that is pleasant, but you will work hard and carry {heavy loads}. You will have to work {very} hard {for others} as slaves.
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“Dan will judge his people as one of the tribes of Israel.
“Dan, you {and your descendants} will rule your {own} people group and have equal status with {the rest of} the tribes of Israel.
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Dan will be a snake beside the road, a viper beside the path, that bites the heels of a horse, and its rider falls off backward.
You will be {like} a poisonous snake {lying} beside a road that strikes the feet of {its enemy’s} horse, so that {it rears up and} the enemy falls off backward {to the ground}.”
“I am waiting for your salvation, Yahweh!
{Then Jacob paused and exclaimed,} “Yahweh, I am looking expectantly to you to save {me}!”
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“{As for} Gad, raider{s} will attack him, but he will attack {their} heel{s}.
{Then he continued,} “{As for you,} Gad, a group of robbers will attack you {and your descendants}, but you will chase them {and defeat them}.
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“From Asher, his bread {will be} fat, and he will provide king’s delicacies.
“Asher, {you} {and your descendants} will {be wealthy and} eat the best food. In fact, you will produce delicious foods {that are fit} for kings {to eat}.
“Naphtali {is} a doe that is let loose. He gives words of beauty.
“Naphtali, {you} {and your descendants} {will be} {swift} {like} a deer that is free to run wherever it wants. You will {also} speak eloquently.
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“Joseph {is} the son of a fruit-bearing {vine}, the son of a fruit-bearing {vine} beside a spring, {whose} daughters go up over a wall.
“Joseph, {you} {and your descendants} {will become} very numerous {like} {fruit on} a productive {tree} {that is growing} next to a stream {of water}, {with} branches {full of fruit} that hang over a {nearby} wall.
And masters of arrows will attack him and shoot and harass him.
Enemy warriors will {fiercely} attack you {and your descendants} and shoot {arrows} {at you} and try to destroy you.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But his bow will remain in strength and the arms of his hands will be made limber by the hands of the Mighty {One} of Jacob, by the name of the Shepherd, the Rock of Israel,
But the Mighty {God} whom I worship will keep you strong and help you use your weapons well {as you fight back}. He takes care of {his people} the way a shepherd takes care of his sheep. {He is} {like} a rock {fortress} who protects Israel {and his descendants}.
by the God of your father, and he will help you, and with the Almighty, and he will bless you {with} blessings of the heavens above, blessings of the deep that lies below, blessings of breasts and womb.
{That strength/power comes} from the God {who has always taken care} of {me,} your father. He is the all-powerful {God} who will help you {and your descendants} and bless you {all} {with} rain from above and water from deep in the ground. He will {also} bless {you} with many children {and much livestock}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
The blessings of your father have surpassed the blessings of my ancestors, even to the bounties of the eternal hills. May they rest on the head of Joseph, even on the top of the head of the one consecrated from {among} his brothers.
{God} has blessed me more than he blessed my ancestors. {He has blessed me with riches that are} greater than the riches {that come} from the ancient mountains. I pray that {God} will abundantly bless {you too,} Joseph, as the one he chose to set apart {and honor} above your brothers.
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“Benjamin {is} a ravenous wolf. In the morning it devours {its} prey, and in the evening it divides the plunder.”
“Benjamin {you and your descendants} {will be} {like} a fierce wolf. You will always defeat your enemies and take their possessions and wealth.”
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All those {are} the twelve tribes of Israel, and that {is} what their father said to them. And he blessed them, each one, according to his blessing he blessed them.
Those {twelve sons} {are} {the ancestors of} the twelve tribes that descended from Israel, and those {were} the blessings that their father spoke to them. He blessed each one of them with blessings that were appropriate for them {and their descendants}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then he commanded them and said to them, “I am being gathered to my people. Bury me with my fathers in the cave that {is} in the field of Ephron the Hittite,
Then Jacob instructed his sons by saying to them, “I am about to {die and} join my ancestors {who have already died}. Bury my body next to their {bodies} inside the cave that {is} in the field that Ephron the Hittite used to own.
(There are no questions for this verse)
in the cave that {is} in the field of Machpelah that {is} in front of Mamre in the land of Canaan, that Abraham bought with the field from Ephron the Hittite as property {for} a burial place.
That cave and field are in the Machpelah {area} that is near {the city of} Mamre in the region of Canaan. {That is the cave} that {my grandfather} Abraham bought, along with the field, from Ephron the Hittite, in order to have a place to bury {his dead relatives}.
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There they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife, there they buried Isaac and Rebekah his wife, and there I buried Leah.
That is where {the bodies of} Abraham and his wife Sarah are buried, {and} where {the bodies of} Isaac and his wife Rebekah are buried, and that is where I buried {the body of} {my wife} Leah.
The purchase of the field and the cave that {is} in it {was} from the sons of Heth.”
{Abraham} bought that field and cave from the Hittites.”
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Then Jacob finished commanding his sons, and he drew his feet into the bed and exhaled and was gathered to his people.
When Jacob had finished giving those instructions to his sons, he {lay down and} pulled his feet {up} into {his} bed. Then he took his last breath {and died} and joined his ancestors {who had died before him}.
Then Joseph fell on the face of his father, and he wept over him and kissed him.
Then Joseph hugged his father {in sorrow}, and he cried over him and kissed him {goodbye} {on the cheek}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Joseph commanded his servants the physicians to embalm his father. So the physicians embalmed Israel,
Then he ordered his doctors who served him to prepare his father{‘s body} for burial. So they did that.
and they completed forty days for him, for so they complete the days of embalmings. And the Egyptians wept for him seventy days.
The process took forty days, which is how long it {normally} takes to prepare a body. The people in Egypt mourned for Israel {for} seventy days.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the days of his mourning passed, then Joseph spoke to the house of Pharaoh, saying, “Please, if I have found favor in your eyes, please speak in the ears of Pharaoh, saying,
After that time of mourning Israel’s death, Joseph said to Pharaoh’s officials, “Please do this favor for me: please take a message to {King} Pharaoh {for me} and tell {him}
‘My father made me swear, saying, “Behold, I am dying. In my grave that I dug for myself in the land of Canaan, there you must bury me.” So now, please let me go up {there} and bury my father, then I will return.’ ”
that when my father was about to die, he had me vow to him that I would bury his body in the region of Canaan, in a tomb that he had prepared for himself there. So {ask the king to} please let me go {to Canaan} and bury my father{‘s body} {there}. After that, I will come back {here}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Pharaoh said, “Go up and bury your father just as he made you swear.”
{When Pharaoh heard Joseph’s message,} he replied, “{Tell Joseph that} he may go {to Canaan} and bury his father{’s body} just as his father made him vow {that he would do}.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
So Joseph went up to bury his father, and with him went up all the servants of Pharaoh, the elders of his house and all elders of the land of Egypt
So Joseph started the trip {to Canaan} to bury his father{’s body}, and all Pharaoh’s officials escorted him, {including} the important leaders from Pharaoh’s court and all the {other} important leaders in the country of Egypt.
and all of the house of Joseph and his brothers and the house of his father. Only their little ones and their flock{s} and their herd{s} they left in the land of Goshen.
All of Joseph’s family also {went with him,} including his brothers and {the rest of} his father’s family. They only left {behind} their children and their livestock in Goshen Province.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And with him went up both chariot{s} and horsemen, and the company was very great.
{Many} soldiers also escorted Joseph, {including} those {who were} riding chariots and those {who were} riding horses, so that the {entire} group was very large.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then they came to the threshing floor of Atad, which {is} beyond the Jordan, and they lamented there {with} a very great and heavy lamentation. And he did seven days {of} mourning for his father.
They traveled to the other side of the Jordan {River} and stopped at a {grain} threshing place owned by {a man named} Atad. There Joseph {and the others} mourned for his father very loudly and sorrowfully for seven days.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, saw the mourning at the threshing floor of Atad, and they said, “This {is} a heavy mourning for the Egyptians!” For that {reason} they called its name Abel Mizraim, which {is} beyond the Jordan.
When the Canaanites who lived in the area saw them mourning {like that} at Atad’s threshing place, they exclaimed {to each other}, “{Wow!} Those people from Egypt are mourning {very} sorrowfully {for someone who died}!” That is why the name of that place on the other side of the Jordan {River} is Abel Mizraim, {which means “Egyptians’ mourning place.”}
And his sons did for him just as he had commanded them:
Jacob’s sons did {everything} for him just as he had instructed them {to do}:
(There are no questions for this verse)
And his sons carried him to the land of Canaan and buried him in the cave of the field of Machpelah, which Abraham had bought with the field as property for a burial place from Ephron the Hittite, in front of Mamre.
They took his body to the region of Canaan and buried it in the cave {that is} in the field in the Machpelah {area}, near {the city of} Mamre. {It was} the field {and cave} that Abraham had bought from Ephron the Hittite as a place to bury his dead {relatives}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then after he buried his father, Joseph returned to Egypt, he and his brothers and all who had gone up with him to bury his father.
After Joseph buried his father{’s body}, he returned to {the country of} Egypt, along with his brothers and everyone {else} who had accompanied him to his father’s funeral.
And the brothers of Joseph saw that their father was dead, and they said, “What if Joseph hates us? Then he will surely repay us {for} all the evil that we did to him!”
Now that their father was no longer alive, Joseph’s brothers {were worried and} said {to each other}, ”If Joseph is angry at us for the terrible way that we treated him, he might punish us severely for what we did.”
Then they ordered {a messenger to go} to Joseph, saying, “Your father commanded before his death, saying,
So they sent {a messenger} to Joseph to tell {him}, “Before our father died, he told {us}
(There are no questions for this verse)
‘This you must say to Joseph: “I beg {you}, please forgive the crime of your brothers and their sin, because they did evil to you.”’.So now, please forgive the crime of the servants of your father’s God.” And Joseph cried when they spoke to him.
to ask you to please forgive {us}, your brothers, for sinning {against you} and treating you so badly. So then, as servants of God whom our father worshiped, we beg you to forgive us for sinning {against you}.” When Joseph heard his brothers’ message to him, he {was very sad and} cried.
Then his brothers also came and fell before him and said, “Behold us, {we belong} to you as slaves!”
Then his brothers came {to him}, prostrated themselves before him {to show respect}, and said {to him}, “Here we are, we {will be} your servants!”
But Joseph said to them, “Do not be afraid. For {am} I in place of God?
But Joseph replied to them, “You do not need to be afraid. After all, I am not God! {So I have no right to punish you.}
(There are no questions for this verse)
And {as for} you, you intended evil against me, {but} God intended it for good in order to do as {he is doing} this day, to save many people.
{It is true that} you planned to harm me, {but} God is using that to benefit {us all}. Right now he is doing what he planned, to keep many people from dying.
So now, do not be afraid. I will support you and your little ones.” So he comforted them, and he spoke to their heart{s}.
So then, you do not need to be afraid. I {myself} will provide {everything} that you and your children need.” In that way, Joseph assured them {that he had forgiven them}, and he {also} said {other} things to encourage them.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Joseph stayed in Egypt, he and the house of his father. And Joseph lived 110 years.
Joseph continued to live in {the country of} Egypt, along with {the rest of} his father {Jacob}’s family, until he was 110 years old.
And Joseph saw Ephraim’s sons {to} the third {generation}. Also, the sons of Machir, the son of Manasseh, were born on the knees of Joseph.
He lived {long enough} to see {his son} Ephraim’s children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. The children of {his grandson} Machir, {who was} Manasseh’s son, also grew up during his lifetime.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Then Joseph said to his brothers, “I am dying, and God will surely visit you and take you up from this land to the land that he swore to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.”
Then {one day} Joseph said to his brothers, “I am about to die, but God will definitely help you and take you {and your descendants} from this country to the land that he vowed {to give} to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
Then Joseph made the sons of Israel swear {an oath}, saying, “Surely God will visit you, and you must take my bones up from this {place}.”
When God does that, you must take my body back {to Canaan} {with you} {and bury it there}.” Then Joseph had {his brothers and} {the rest of} the descendants of Israel vow {that they would do that}.
Then Joseph died, a son of 110 years. Then they embalmed him, and he was put in a coffin in Egypt.
So Joseph died at the age of 110 years. Then his doctors prepared his body for burial, and they put it in a burial box in {the country of} Egypt.